2022-2023学年福建省龙岩第一中学高一下学期第一次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省龙岩第一中学高一下学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，共30页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2025届高一第二学期第一次月考
英语试题
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What did the man do last night?
A. He saw a movie. B. He went to the park. C. He booked some tickets.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Collect a customer. B. Drive her to the airport. C. Look for Greg.
3. What relation is Tim to Jenny?
A. Her head teacher. B. Her future husband. C. Her elder brother.
4. When will the first performance end?
A. At 7:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 9:10.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A city. B. A book. C. A park.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where is the man going?
A. To a library. B. To his home. C. To a cafe.
7. What does the man think of his part-time job?
A. It’s badly-paid. B. It’s boring. C. It’s satisfactory.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9 题。
8. Who is answering the phone?
A. Sam. B. Ben. C. Michelle.
9. What does the man want to do?
A. Visit Ben tomorrow.
B. Change the meeting time.
C. Invite Michelle for lunch.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What do we know about Kemp Town Beach?
A. It is known for its coastal walks.
B. It is near the man’s home.
C. The water there is clean.
11. Which beach will the speakers go to?
A. Canvey Island Beach.
B. Kemp Town Beach.
C. Birling Gap Beach.
12. How will the speakers go to the beach?
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By train.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Who encouraged the man to learn cooking?
A. His grandmother. B. His mother. C. His teacher.
14. How long did the class last?
A. 6 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 10 hours.
15. What did the man do after the first half hour?
A. He made a meal.
B He tasted some dishes.
C. He bought some foods.
16. How did the man feel at the end of the day?
A. Tired. B. Dissatisfied. C. Happy.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What does the speaker remind the listeners to do?
A. Buy some photos first.
B. Avoid taking pictures.
C. Follow him into the gate.
18. Where is Marilyn Monroe’s house?
A. On the left. B. On the right. C. Around the corner.
19. What is Joe Di Maggio?
A. An actor.
B. A basketball player.
C. A baseball player.
20. Whose house is yellow?
A. James Dean’s.
B. Joe Di Maggio’s.
C. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Writing Competitions
The Bristol Short Story Prize
It’s an international writing competition founded by the editors of the quarterly cultural magazine Bristol Review of Books in 2007. The 2022 Bristol Short Story Prize is open to everyone. The first prize is ￡1,000. Entries must be unpublished stories with 4, 000 words at most. The judges are Tom Drake-Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.
Admission fee:￡9
The Bath Novel Award
Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support new writers. The prize is￡3,000. In the event of a joint win, the prize money will be shared equally between winners. It’s open to unpublished and independently published novelists. This year’s judge is Nelle Andrew. All genres are welcome. Writers must submit the first 5,000 words plus one-page synopsis of the novel.
Admission fee:￡29
The BBC National Short Story Award
The BBC National Short Story Award 2022 with Cambridge University invites entries of short stories up to 8,000 words. It’s an award that has enriched the careers of writers since it was founded seventeen years ago. The winner of the contest for single short stories will receive￡15,000. This year’s judges are author Elizabeth Day and broadcaster Katie Thistleton.
Admission fee: free
The Creative Future Writers’ Award
Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances. This year’s theme is How It Started. Prizes include￡10,000 of cash and top writing development prizes supplied by publishers and development agencies.
Writers should submit one piece of writing in one category (50-line poetry to the maximum or 2,000-word fiction to the maximum). The judges are Dorothy Koomson, Joelle Taylor, Aki Schilz and Sarala Estruch.
Admission fee: free
1. Who may act as a judge for The Bristol Short Story Prize in 2022?
A. Joelle Taylor. B. Nelle Andrew. C. Katie Thistleton. D. Jessica Taylor.
2. What do the second and the fourth competitions have in common?
A. They were founded in the same year. B. They have a strict genre requirement.
C. They set the same cash bonus. D. They require no admission fee.
3. Which competition may favor applicants with physical disabilities?
A. The Bath Novel Award. B. The Bristol Short Story Prize.
C. The Creative Future Writers’ Award. D. The BBC National Short Story Award.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个写作比赛的情况，包括成立时间、评委和收费等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The judges are Tom Drake-Lee, Irenosen Okojie and Jessica Taylor.(评委是Tom Drake-Lee, Irensen Okojie和Jessica Taylor)”可知，Jessica Taylor担任2022年布里斯托短篇小说奖的评委。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since its launch nine years ago, the international Bath Novel Award has helped spotlight and support new writers.(自9年前（2022-9=2013）设立以来，国际巴斯小说奖一直在关注和支持新作家)”以及最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，第二届和第四届比赛的共同之处是都是同年（2013年）成立的。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“Founded in 2013, it’s an annual development program for talented writers who lack opportunities due to health problems or social circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，The Creative Future Writers’ Award比赛对身体残疾的申请人有利。故选C。
B
Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion.
What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shock in expectations. Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed (分布) in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.
Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do, they felt that she didn’t trust them to do their job well.
With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally, she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals.
4. What problem did Gabriela have with her Swedish team at the beginning?
A. Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff.
B. They were always refusing to follow her directions.
C. Her Swedish staff didn’t understand her instructions.
D. They looked down upon her because she was a female.
5. What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden?
A. Independent thinking and mild character.
B. Active participation and creative thinking.
C. Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior.
D. Competitive spirit and mild character.
6. Which of the following can best describe Gabriela?
A. Bossy and rude. B. Strict but trustworthy.
C. King but stubborn. D. Flexible and communicative.
7. What can we learn from Gabriela’s story?
A. Two heads are better than one. B. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
C. Birds of a feather flock together. D. When in Rome, do as Romans do.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了加芙列拉到瑞典工作中，经历了高权力距离文化和低权力距离文化文化冲击。她适应当地的工作文化，调整自己的工作方式。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的前两句“Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her.”（尽管他们很友好，加芙列拉作为领导并没有受到尊重。她的新员工会在会议上公开质疑她的提议，当她指示他们如何执行任务时，他们通常会按照自己的方式执行，而不与她核对。）可知，在瑞典，一开始加芙列拉的权威受到了瑞典员工的挑战。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后两句“Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.”（然而，她的瑞典团队习惯了在低权力距离文化中工作，员工经常与他们的老板一起工作，寻找解决方案并做出决定。在这里，领导者扮演教练的角色，鼓励独立思考，并期待挑战。）可知，瑞典的工作文化鼓励独立思考；老板能够和员工一起工作，共同做出决定，说明鼓励在友好的氛围中工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.”（加芙列拉意识到她与团队之间的文化差异时，她和员工开诚布公地交谈员工们对她的领导力的感受。）可知，加芙列拉主动和员工开诚布公地交谈，说明她有很强的沟通交流能力；根据第六段的第一句中提到“Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.”（加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。）了解到原因之后，加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。这说明她能根据具体情况，灵活调整自己的工作方式。由此推知，加芙列拉是一个灵活的、善于沟通的管理者。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了加芙列拉被派到瑞典管理一个新的团队，经历了低权力距离文化的冲击后，能够根据当地的文化调整自己的管理方式。并且由文章最后一段的第一句“With a better understanding of the reasons behind each other’s behavior, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.”（加芙列拉对双方行为背后的原因有了更好的了解后，能够调整自己的管理方式。）可以推断，从加芙列拉的故事中，我们体会到了：“When in Rome, do as Romans do.”（入乡随俗。）D项符合题意。故选D项。
C
3D printing is becoming more and more popular. We are now able to create things we need very quickly and easily using 3D printers. But can you imagine printing food?
Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.
Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: You simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.
Using 3D printers to create your meals would also be saving the environment. There would be less need for traditional growing, transporting and packaging processes as food production would be a lot more efficient. For example, alternative ingredients(原料)such as proteins from algae, beetroot leaves and insects could be converted into tasty products.
Printing food could also help people who suffer from dysphagia (a swallowing disorder). They could program the printer to print softer versions of their favorite foods so that they would not have trouble swallowing them.
However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food. Imagine a world where there was no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes could be printed from a raw “food ink”. Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business. Also, there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food: Is it really possible to get the nutrients we need from food-based inks and gels(凝胶)?
What’s more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.
8. Which of the following best describes 3D food printing?
A. Quick and popular. B. Easy and efficient.
C. Nutritious and tasty. D. Soft and convenient.
9. Why do some think that 3D food printing would be a disaster?
A. Traditional food would disappear. B. Many people could lose their jobs.
C. It would affect the people’s health. D. We could all eat the same food.
10. What can we infer from the passage?
A. 3D food printing will replace traditional cooking.
B. 3D printing food can treat dysphagia.
C. 3D food printing would hurt our tradition of food culture.
D. 3D food printing would be a failure.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. 3D Food “Printing”: Coming to the Kitchen.
B. Can 3D Printing Create Everything?
C. 3D Printing Food Will Be in Fashion!
D. The Disadvantage of 3D Food Printing.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: you simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.(科学家说这很简单：你只需要选择一个食谱，然后把生的食物“墨水”放进打印机。你也可以修改说明，使食物完全符合你的要求。这意味着它将非常快速和容易地制作美味和营养的膳食。)”可知，3D食品打印是容易且高效的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“However, some people think that a future of 3D food printing would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those from growing, transporting and packaging food.(然而，一些人认为3D食品打印的未来将是一场灾难。它会带走很多工作岗位，包括种植、运输和包装食品的工作岗位。)”可知，一些人认为3D食品打印是一场灾难，因为3D食品打印会使得很多人失去工作。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“What’s more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where the pleasure of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.(更重要的是，与家人和朋友一起做饭和吃饭一直是一种传统和令人愉快的活动。很难想象，在这样一个世界里，烹饪的乐趣已不复存在，只需按一下按钮就能创造出饭菜。)”可知，3D食品打印会损害我们的饮食文化传统。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Some scientists are trying to revolutionize the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as common as the microwave oven or blender.(一些科学家正试图通过这样做来彻底改变用餐体验。他们希望厨房里的3D打印机能像微波炉或搅拌机一样普及。)”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法，所以A选项A.3D Food “Printing”: Coming to the Kitchen. (3D食物“打印”：走进厨房)符合本文大意，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。
D
As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research institutions and government agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the planet, in the hopes of buying humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.
That strategy, called solar climate intervention (干预) or solar geoengineering, involves reflecting more of the sun’s energy back into space — abruptly reducing global temperatures in a way that imitates the effects of ash clouds flowing out from the volcanic eruptions. The idea has been considered as a dangerous and fancied solution, one that would encourage people to keep burning fossil fuels while exposing the planet to unexpected and potentially threatening side effects, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters.
But. as global warming continues, producing more destructive hurricanes, wildfires floods and other disasters, some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so terrible that the world can’t wait for better solutions.
One way to cool the earth is by injecting aerosols (气溶胶) into the upper layer of the atmosphere. where those particles reflect sunlight away from the earth. That process works, according to Douglas MacMartin, a researcher at Cornell University.
“We know with 100% certainty that we can cool the planet,” he said in an interview. What’s still unclear, he added, is what happens next. Temperature, MacMartin said, is an indicator for a lot of climate effects. “What does it do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to agriculture production? What does it do to the risk of forest fires?”
Another institution funded by the National Science Foundation will analyze hundreds of simulations of aerosol injection, testing the effects on weather extremes around the world. One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot: the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.
12. Why do researchers and government agencies work on cooling the earth?
A. To prevent natural disasters. B. To win more time to reduce gas emissions.
C. To imitate volcanic eruptions. D. To encourage more people to bur fossil fuels.
13. What are researchers worried about in terms of global warming?
A. More volcanoes will throw out.
B. More solar energy will go into space.
C. More disasters will endanger the future of the world.
D. People will keep burning fossil fuels to keep warm.
14. What can be inferred from Douglas’ words in an interview?
A. He thinks more research remains to be done.
B. He is optimistic about the effect of cooling the earth.
C. He is concerned about the reduction in agriculture production.
D. He disapproves of the practice of solar climate intervention.
15. What does the underlined words “sweet spot” in the last paragraph mean?
A. The rainfall pattern of a region.
B. The modest drop in temperature.
C. The number of extreme weather events.
D. The injection amount of aerosol.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述全球气候变化带来各种灾难性的天气，政府和相关研究机构提出的各种可能的应对办法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As the effects of climate change become more disastrous, well-known research institutions and government agencies are focusing new money and attention on an idea: artificially cooling the planet, in the hopes of buying humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions.(随着气候变化的影响变得更加严重，知名研究机构和政府机构正把新的资金和注意力集中在一个想法上：人为地让地球降温，希望为人类赢得更多时间来减少温室气体排放)”可知，研究者和政府机构给地球降温是为了赢得更多的时间来减少温室气体的排放。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it, in case the consequence of climate change become so terrible that the world can’t wait for better solutions.(一些研究人员和政策专家表示，当务之急是更好地了解地球工程，这比对地球工程的担忧更重要，以防气候变化的后果变得如此可怕，以至于世界不能等待更好的解决方案)”可知，研究者担心全球变暖造成的各种灾难可能会让未来的世界处于危险中。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““What does it do to the strength of hurricanes?” he asked, “What does it do to agriculture production? What does it do to the risk of forest fires?”(他问：“它对飓风的强度有什么影响？这对农业生产有什么影响？它对森林火灾的风险有什么影响？”)”可知，Douglas认为还有很多疑问没有解开，所以还有很多研究有待去做。故选A项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot: the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.(这项研究的目标之一是寻找一个“最佳点”：人工降温的数量，既可以减少极端天气事件，又不会造成区域降雨模式的广泛变化或类似影响)”可知，这里的“最佳点”指的是，人工降温要适度，既可以解决气候变暖带来的极端天气，又不会给气候造成太大的影响，因此“a sweet spot”指的是适度的降温。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do Actions Speak Louder than Words?
Our society is fast paced. We are all rushing from one place to the next, blowing our horn at slow drivers who may be singing songs in the car with their children or pointing out some interesting sights. We don't have time for that silliness today. But we try to say to ourselves that we will make time for fun tomorrow. It is time to take a few deep breaths and think about our actions and our words. ____16____
Have you ever really thought about the saying “Actions speak louder than words”? Think about it now. If you say one thing and act in an opposite way, will the words be ignored and just the actions remembered? I don’t think so. ____17____ It is also equally important to use words to show appreciation, love, approval and happiness and then follow those words with a hug, pat on the back or smile.
____18____ What about that saying? True? Yes! Words carry a lot of weight and will be remembered for years especially when they are written down. Mean words can hurt for that moment and for a lifetime. I am sure that each of us remembers a time when a friend made an unkind comment. ____19____ Let’s not be a member of that “club”. When was the last time that you hid a love note in a lunch box or in your mate’s coat pocket? If you want to see a bright smile, that will do it! The power of this written note will be remembered for many days, even years.
“I can live for two months on a good compliment (夸奖)”, said Mark Twain. Children grow stronger when they feel appreciated and understood. ____20____ A perfect way to turn a bad day around is to praise your child. “I noticed that your hair looked very nice today.” “Did you hang your coat up all by yourself?” It is amazing how those few words can change a child's outlook... almost immediately.
A. The pen is more powerful than the sword.
B. Is it really reasonable to do something like that?
C. Do they display the attitude that we want to convey?
D. It is important to have your words match your actions.
E. Behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his image.
F. Those words did lasting damage to you, the relationship or both.
G. Don’t be afraid to shower your child with encouraging words all day long.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过一系列的说明，解释了文字和语言的重要性以及对人的影响。作者告诉我们语言对人们有终生的影响，因此我们要鼓励赞美孩子，不要使用刻薄的话讽刺挖苦孩子。
【16题详解】
由上文“Our society is fast paced. We are all rushing from one place to the next, blowing our horn at slow drivers who may be singing songs in the car with their children or pointing out some interesting sights. We don't have time for that silliness today. But we try to say to ourselves that we will make time for fun tomorrow. It is time to take a few deep breaths and think about our actions and our words. (我们的社会节奏很快。我们都从一个地方冲到另一个地方，对着慢驶的司机按喇叭，他们可能在车里和孩子们唱歌，或者指出一些有趣的景点。我们今天没有时间做那种傻事。但我们试着对自己说，明天我们会腾出时间玩。到了该好好考虑我们的行为和言语的时候了)”可知，社会节奏快，人们没有时间坐在车里和孩子们唱歌或者指出一些有趣的景点而导致车慢速行驶的事情了，但人们又说会抽出时间玩乐，这是言行不一致的表现，这种言行不一致没有表达我们想要干的事情，因此是时候要言行一致，看看言行一致能否表达我们想要干的事情，承接上文，C选项“它们（我们的言语和行为）是否表现出我们想要表达的态度？”切题，C选项中的“they”对应上文的“our actions and our words”。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Have you ever really thought about the saying “Actions speak louder than words”? Think about it now. If you say one thing and act in an opposite way, will the words be ignored and just the actions remembered? I don’t think so. (你真的想过“行动胜于雄辩”这句话吗？现在想想。如果你说了一件事，做了一件相反的事，你会忽略那些话，只记住那些行动吗？我不这么认为)”和下文“It is also equally important to use words to show appreciation, love, approval and happiness and then follow those words with a hug, pat on the back or smile. (同样重要的是，用语言表达感激、爱、认可和幸福，然后用拥抱、拍拍后背或微笑来跟随这些语言)”可知，作者认为“行动胜于雄辩”这句话不正确，因为伴随着言语来行动去表达情感同等重要，说明作者认为言行一致很重要，承接上下文，D选项“言行一致是很重要的。”切题。故选D项。
【18题详解】
由下文“What about that saying? True? Yes! Words carry a lot of weight and will be remembered for years especially when they are written down. (这一谚语怎么样?？好还是不好？单词很有分量，会被记住很多年，尤其是当它们被写下来的时候)”可知，承接下文，该空应该是一句谚语，讲述语言的力量，A选项“笔比剑更有力。”切题，下文中的“Words carry a lot of weight”也解释了这一谚语的含义。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由上文“Mean words can hurt for that moment and for a lifetime. I am sure that each of us remembers a time when a friend made an unkind comment. (刻薄的言辞会伤害你的那一刻和一生。我相信我们每个人都记得有一次，一位朋友发表了一句不友好的评论)”可知，上文讲到刻薄的言辞会伤人，列举朋友说刻薄言语的例子，说明刻薄言语对人的伤害，承接上文，F选项“这些话语会对你和你们之间的关系造成持久的伤害。”说明了刻薄言语对人的伤害，F选项中的“Those words”对应上文的“made an unkind comment”。故选F项。
【20题详解】
由上文““I can live for two months on a good compliment (夸奖)”, said Mark Twain. Children grow stronger when they feel appreciated and understood. (马克·吐温说：“我可以靠一句赞美的话活两个月。”当孩子们感到被欣赏和理解时，他们会变得更强壮)”和下文“A perfect way to turn a bad day around is to praise your child. (要扭转糟糕的一天，一个完美的方法就是表扬你的孩子)”可知，空前空后都讲述赞美的重要性，赞美的话语对孩子的作用，承接上下文，G选项“不要害怕一整天把鼓励的语言如雨般倾注在孩子身上。”与鼓励赞美相关。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year, many dolphins worldwide are captured（捕获）and kept in small pools, performing for people, especially children. These dolphins are fed fish instead of having to____21____them. As a result, they start spending most of their time near the pool rather than underwater. They get out of shape and can no longer____22____long distances. It affects their____23____greatly, and has proved to have____24____consequences.
Thus comes the question, "Should captive dolphins be____25____?"
Jeff Foster, a 55-year old expert, decided to help two captive dolphins, Tom and Misha, to reach their top physical_____26_____. Every day, he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again. Twenty months later, Tom and Misha began to act like____27____dolphins and they were set free back into the sea.
___28___Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4-5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild. It was____29____what Foster had hoped for. His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true and he knew that the dolphins would_____30_____in the wild.
This program was a big success, but there have been others that failed. For example, another dolphin, Keiko, returned into the ocean in 2002, but_____31_____a year later because of all the misery（ 不幸）he_____32_____. The sudden environment change did not_____33_____him well.
If people want to avoid these accidents, we must go to great lengths and put in the_____34_____to ensure it doesn't happen ever again. In fact, with virtual reality technology picking up, there can still be great ways to_____35_____kids with sea animals without having to capture dolphins.
21. A. pick up B. hunt for C. look after D. throw away
22. A. see B. dive C. jump D. hear
23. A. appetite B. shelter C. lifestyle D. popularity
24. A. terrible B. potential C. unexpected D. indirect
25 A. disturbed B. released C. protected D. prohibited
26. A. exercise B. pain C. appearance D. condition
27. A. wild B. clever C. helpless D. harmless
28. A. If B. Unless C. Although D. Because
29. A. hardly B. exactly C. possibly D. awfully
30. A. train B. search C. survive D. produce
31. A. died B. escaped C. returned D. recovered
32. A. led to B. brought up C. got over D. went through
33. A. suit B. serve C. defend D. prepare
34. A. tank B. time C. water D. effort
35. A. inspire B. treat C. entertain D. change
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主题语境为人与自然，主题语境的内容为海豚放归海洋。文章就是否应将被捕获的海豚放归海洋进行了讨论。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些海豚不用捕食鱼，而是用鱼喂它们。A pick up捡起；偶然学会；B. hunt for猎取； C. look after照顾；D. throw away 扔掉。根据上文中的“These dolphins are fed fish instead of" 以及常识可知，被捕获的海豚不需要自己猎取食物。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的体型变差了，不能再远距离潜水了。A. see看见；B. dive潜水；C. jump跳起；D. hear听见。根据上文中的“they start spending most of their time near the poor rather than under water. They get out of shape”可知，被捕获的海豚由于长期生活在狭小的池子里，导致身材变形、体力下降，不能再远距离潜水。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它很严重的影响了他们的生活方式。A. appetite胃口；B. shelter庇护；避难处；C. lifestyle生活方式；D. popularity流行；普及。根据上文中的描述可知，生活在池子里对海豚的生活方式有很大的影响。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那证明有很严重的影响。A. terrible糟糕的；B. potential潜在的；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. indirect间接的。根据上文They get out of shape and can no longer dive long distances可知，结果很糟糕。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该释放圈养的海豚吗? A. disturb打扰；B. release释放;C. protect保护；D. prohibit禁止。根据下文they were set free back into the sea?（他们被释放到海洋）可知，set free（释放）应和空格处的release对应。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：55岁的专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只圈养的海豚汤姆和米莎达到最佳体格状态。A. exercise练习；锻炼；B. pain痛苦；C. appearance外表；出现；D. condition 状况。结合上文中的“They get out of shape and can no longer dive long distance. 可知，帮忙海豚恢复到最佳体格状态。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每天，他都会训练两只海豚重新适应它们的野生家园。20个月后，汤姆和米莎开始像野生海豚一样行动，他们被放回大海。A. wild野生的；B. clever 聪明的；C. helpless绝望的；无望的；D. harmless无害的。结合上文中的“he used to train the two dolphins to get used to their wild homes again"可知，两只海豚像野生海豚一样行动。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查连词。句意：尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4-5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Although尽管；D. Because因为。可知前后句为相反关系。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是福斯特所希望的。他对海豚的梦想终于实现了。A. hardly几乎不；B. exactly确切的；C. possibly可能的；D. awfully可怕的。根据上句Tom and Misha lived in captivity for 4-5 years, they were able to adapt to the wild.以及下句His dreams for the dolphins had finally come true.可知这正是福斯特所希望的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚会在野外幸存下来。A. train训练；B. search寻找；C. survive幸存；D. produce生产。根据语境可知，设空处所填的词与上文“they were able to adapt to the wild.”含义一致。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个项目取得了巨大的成功，但也有其他失败的项目。例如,另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后去世，因为他经历的所有的痛苦(不幸)。A. died死亡；B. escape逃脱；C. return归还；返回；D. recovery康复。根据语境可知，是失败的案例。所以设空处应选且和空格后面的misfortune相一致。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意见上文。A. led to 导致；B. brought up 抚养、养育；C. go over复习。D. went through 经历、经受。由句子结构可知空格后为定语从句，先行词为misfortune，从句主语是海豚，此处指的是海豚所经历的不幸。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不太适应环境的突然变化。A. suit适应；适合；B. serve服务；C. defend防御；D. prepare 准备。由上句but a year later because of all the misery（不幸）he went through.可知，海豚不适应环境的突然变化。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想避免这类事故，我们必须竭尽全力确保此类事故不再发生。A. tank坦克；水槽；B. time时间；C. water水；D. effort努力。根据语境可知，设空处所填的词应与go to great lengths含义一致；且根据下文中的“ensure it doesn't happen again”可知，人们要为此付出努力。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术发展，我们仍然可以找到很好的方法让孩子们用海洋动物娱乐，而不用去捕捉海豚。A. inspire激励；B. treat对待；处理；C. entertain娱乐；D. change改变。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
People from the UK are called “British” which means that the UK is also referred to ____36____ Britain or Great Britain. People are sometimes confused by ____37____ these different names mean. Studying the history of Britain will help you solve the puzzle. The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, ____38____ can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will _____39_____(surround) by evidence of four different groups of people who took ____40____ at different times and left behind their influences. Their chief ____41____(achieve) included building towns and roads and making changes to legal systems.
There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more ____42____(enjoy). The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history ____43____(date) all the way back to Roman times. There are ____44____(count) historic sites to explore and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is _____45_____ fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
【答案】36. as 37. what
38. which 39. be surrounded
40. over 41. achievements
42. enjoyable
43. dating 44. countless
45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习英国的历史和文化可以帮助你在英国的旅行中更好了解这个国家。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：来自联合王国的人被称为“英国人”，这意味着联合王国也被称为英国或大不列颠。be referred to as是固定短语，意为“被称为”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：人们有时候被这些不同名字的意思所困惑。空格处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：英国有一段漫长而有趣的历史去探索，这可以帮助你更多地了解这个国家和它的传统。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore，先行词在从句中作主语，只能用which引导。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查动词的被动语态。句意：在英国无论你走到哪里，你将会被四组不同在不同的时间接管并且留下他们的影响的证据的人所包围。空格处在句中和will构成谓语，主语you和surround之间是动宾关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be surrounded。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：在英国无论你走到哪里，你将会被四组在不同的时间接管并且留下他们的影响的证据的人所包围。take over为固定短语，意为“接管”。故填over。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们的主要成就包含了建立城镇和道路并且对法律系统进行了改变。根据空格前的形容词chief可知，空格处应填名词作主语，achievement为可数名词，结合句意应用名词的复数形式。故填achievements。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：学习这个国家的历史将使你的拜访更加愉快。空格处作宾语补足语，根据空格前的much more可知，应用形容词的比较级，enjoyable为多音节形容词。故填enjoyable。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首都城市伦敦是一个开始的好地方，因为它是一个古代的海港城市，有追溯到罗马时期的很长的历史。has为谓语动词，空格处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，history和date之间是主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填dating。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有数不尽的历史景点去探索，还有很多有来自于全英国的古代遗迹的博物馆。空格处应填形容词作定语修饰名词sites，结合句意“数不尽的”是countless。故填countless。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：英国是一个迷人的历史和现代文化的混合，同时还有新的和旧的传统。mix为可数名词，此处表示泛指，fascinating发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，由于互联网已成为大家获取信息，互动交流的重要平台，为抵制不文明网络行为，创造良好的网络环境，请你围绕“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”向全校学生写一封英语倡议书，内容包括：
1. 倡议的原因； 2. 如何文明上网。
注意∶
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】A.
Dear fellow students,
Nowadays, we have quick and easy access to information and communicate/interact with each other via/through the Internet. However, the virtual world has also become a hotbed for uncivilized behaviors such as online bully or fraud (cheating/abuse/gossip/rumor/scandal). Therefore, I call upon/appeal to all students to surf the Internet in a civilized manner.
Here is how. Firstly, we need to use polite words such as ‘thank you, sorry to trouble, please,’ etc. on a regular basis to show others our respect and good online conducts. Secondly, use officially registered websites rather than unauthorized ones to keep online fishing or cheating at bay. Thirdly, once we spot any vulgar (obscene) or anti-social content, report it timely to the police or surveillance organizations so as to foster/promote a clean and unpolluted online environment.
Thanks for your cooperation.
Li Hua
B. 官方范文：
Dear fellow students,
Nowadays the Internet has become an important platform for information and communication. In order to get rid of the ill manners online and make a good network environment, I do hope all of you can be civilized and responsible netizens in the following ways.
First when communicating with others online, you are expected to show due respect. Second, watch out for warning signs when visiting a website to avoid spreading virus. Last, saying no to any pirated recordings makes sense.
Let’s join our efforts to build a harmonious online community!
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”为主题，向全校写一封倡议书，内容包括倡议的原因和如何文明上网的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→critical
当心：watch out for→be cautious about
共同努力：join our efforts→work together
建立：build→establish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last, saying no to any pirated recordings makes sense.
拓展句：Last, it makes sense that we say no to any pirated recordings.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, when communicating with others online, you are expected to show due respect. （运用了状语从句的省略）
【高分句型2】I do hope all of you can be civilized and responsible netizens in the following ways.（运用了do强调谓语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. Suddenly a crow (乌鸦) landed on their window.
The father asked his son, “What is this?” The son replied, “It is a crow.” After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second time, “What is this?” The son said, “Father, I told you just now. It’s a crow.”
After a little while, the father asked his son the same question for the third time, “What is this?”
At this time, some expression of anger was felt in the son’s tone when he said to his father. “It’s a crow, a crow.” A little while later, the father again asked his son for the fourth time, “What is this?”
This time his son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again although I have told you so many times ‘IT IS A CROW’? Are you not able to understand this?”
A minute later the father went to his room and came back with a diary, which he had kept since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page:
Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa when a crow suddenly landed on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I didn’t at all feel angry, but instead felt affection for my innocent son.
Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary, the son was filled with tears and began to reflect on the days when he used to sit together with his father.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary, the son was filled with tears and began to reflect on the days when he used to sit together with his father. His father would patiently answer the same question all 23 times without feeling angry while his father asked him the same question just four times! The son thought to himself, “If I am in old age, how will my son look at me? Will he think of me as a burden? Will he shout at me because of my poor sight, poor hearing or poor understanding?”
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father. He made an apology to his father, begging his father to forgive him for his bad behavior. He said aloud, “I promise to let you feel happy forever, Dad. It is you who have cared for me ever since I was a little child, showering me with your selfless affection. You worked hard to make money so that I could afford to go to university. I will pay you back in the best way.” And then he hugged his father lovingly.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写。文章以人物为线索，讲述一个父亲在儿子小时候很耐心地对待儿子，而儿子长大后却对父亲没有耐心，用这个故事来号召我们要善待父母。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看了日记，儿子泪流满面，开始回想过去和父亲坐在一起的日子。”可知，第一段可描以前父亲对他相同的问题耐心回答的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“儿子感到羞愧，在父亲面前跪了下来。”可知，第二段可描写他向父亲道歉，请求父亲原谅他的不良行为。
2.续写线索：看完日记——回忆——自己问父亲同一个问题——耐心回答——感到羞愧——道歉——承诺好好对待父亲
3.词汇激活
行为类
填满：be filled with/be full of
把……当作：think of…as/treat…as/regard…as
情绪类
高兴的：happy/glad/delighted
亲切地：lovingly/ affectionately
【点睛】[高分句型1] If I am in old age, how will my son look at me?（句中if引导条件状语从句）
[高分句型3] It is you who have cared for me ever since I was a little child, showering me with your selfless affection.（句中使用强调句型）
听力答案：1-5 BABBA 6-10 ACCBA 11-15 CCBBA 16-20 CBACA