2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学高一上学期期末英语试题Word版含解析

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  重庆一中高 2025 届高一上期期末考试英语试题卷英语试题卷共 10 页。满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2. 答选择题时，必须使用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3. 答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers talking about?A. A travel plan. B. A spelling mistake. C. The woman’s hometown.2. What is the relationship between the woman and Mike?A. Teacher and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Mother and son.3. What does the man suggest George do?A. Have a good rest. B. Look for a new job. C. Travel around the world.4. What does the woman think of the sharks?A. Amazing. B. Frightening. C. Friendly.5. What do we know about Peter?A. He isn’t talkative. B. He studied very hard. C. He failed to get into college.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。6. How many times did the woman call the man yesterday?A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.7. Why didn’t the man answer the woman’s call?A. He was busy doing the laundry.B. He didn’t take his phone.C. He ignored her phone calls.听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。8. What did the man do at last year’s party?A. He arranged a big house for it.B. He got to know a Japanese couple.C. He met many international students.9. What will the woman prepare for the party?A. Special clothes. B. Iranian-style rice. C. Japanese dishes.听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。10. Where does the conversation take place?A. On a train. B. In a library. C. At the school.11. What kind of books does the man like best?A. Books on travels. B. Books on food. C. Books on science.12. What is the woman most probably going to be?A. A historian. B. A doctor. C. A scientist.听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。13. For what does Jane want to get a job?A. More money. B. More friends. C. More experience.14. What is Jane’s father worried about?A. She will come home late.B. She can’t manage the shop well.C. She can’t balance her study and work.15. How often will Jane work?A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every other day.16. What won’t Jane clean?A. The floors. B. The toilets. C. The windows.听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。17. What was in the farmer’s bag?A. Vegetables. B. Fruits. C. Rice.18. What happened to the farmer’s bag?A. It fell from his horse. B. It got stolen. C. It was broken.19. Who helped the farmer?A. A poor man. B. His friend. C. A rich man.20. What can we learn from the story?A. Everyone should pay for others’ help.B. Everyone can become a great man.C. Everyone should help people in need.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 60 分）第一节（共 19 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 47.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 中，选出最佳选项。AIt’s now a lot easier — and cheaper — for many hard-of-hearing Americans to get help. Hearing aids can now be sold without a prescription from a specialist. Over-the-counter, or OTC, hearing aids started hitting the market in October at prices that can be thousands of dollars lower than prescription hearing aids. About 30 million people in the United States deal with hearing loss, according to the Food and Drug Administration. But only about 20% of those who could use a hearing aid seek help. Here’s a closer look:Who might be helped:The FDA approved OTC hearing aids for adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. That can include people who have trouble hearing phone calls or who turn up the TV volume loud enough that others complain. It also can include people who have trouble understanding group conversations in noisy places. OTC hearing aids aren’t intended for people with deeper hearing loss, which may include those who have trouble hearing louder noises, like power tools and cars.Hearing test:Before over-the-counter, you usually needed to get your hearing tested and buy hearing aids from a specialist. That’s no longer the case. But it can be hard for people to measure their own hearing. You can still choose to see a specialist just for that test, which is often covered by insurance, and then buy the aids on your own. There also are a number of apps and questionnaires available to determine whether you need help.Who’s selling:Several major retailers now offer OTC hearing aids online and on store shelves. Walgreens drugstores, for example, are selling Lexie Lumen hearing aids nationwide for $799. Walmart offers OTC hearing aids ranging from about $200 to $1,000 per pair. Its health centers will provide hearing tests. The consumer electronics chain Best Buy has OTC hearing aids available online and in nearly 300 stores.The cost:Most OTC hearing aids will cost between $500 and $1,500 for a pair, though some may run up to $3,000.1. Who will not be helped by the hearing aids?A. David who is unable to hear the noise of power tools.B. Jack who can’t make out regular phone calls clearly.C. Messy who need to turn up the TV volume louder than others do.D. Poppy who can’t understand group conversations in noisy places.2. Which of the following is correct according to the passage?A. OTC hearing aids are only available online.B. The prices of OTC hearing aids vary considerably.C. Hearing tests will be provided at every selling spot.D. OTC hearing aids offered by Walmart are the most expensive3. Which section of the newspaper is this passage probably taken from?A. Economy B. Health C. Sports D. EntertainmentBJim Thorpe is one of the greatest athletes of all time. He had amazing athletic abilities and was well-known during his lifetime, yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity.Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes. Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the 1912 Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. Thorpe improvised(临时拼凑) by getting shoes out of the garbage. The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.He still went on to win two gold medals—winning each event he competed in except for one, the javelin(标枪). The javelin was the only event he didn’t win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials. At the time, he didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start. He threw it standing still and was placed second.At the Olympics，he also took part in the decathlon(十项全能运动). He finished first in two events, third in four events, and fourth in two more. Thorpe ended up finishing third in the world. He was undoubtedly a dominating force that couldn’t be stopped and just kept on going.I think Paul Dughi said it best, “ It’s hard to imagine now that pro athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes. For Jim Thorpe, it didn’t matter what kind he wore.”4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A. The adversity Thorpe met with led to his success.B. Thorpe’s success was no guarantee of a better life.C. Thorpe’s career brought him both gains and losses.D. Thorpe suffered many hardships despite his success.5. Why did Thorpe wear more socks on one foot?A. To prevent the foot from injury.B. To make the shoe fit the foot.C. To stop the shoe from being stolen.D. To show his problem-solving skills.6. What most likely led to Thorpe’s failure to win the javelin?A. Loss of his own sports shoes.B. A casual attitude towards the event.C. Lack of experience in the event.D. A shortage of talent for the event.7. Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe?A. Loyal and enthusiastic.B. Genuine and creative.C. Tough and strong-minded.D. Selfless and good-tempered.CIt is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when they’re meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by Dr Harry Witchel, a body language expert, shows that it is not always the case.In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18-35 to have a geography quiz consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong. Participants interacted with a computer alone in a room while their faces were recorded by video.After the quiz, the participants were asked to rate(评价) their experience using a range of 12 emotions including “bored”, “interested” and “frustrated”. Meanwhile, their facial expressions were analyzed by computer frame by frame in order to judge how much they were smiling on a basis of a scale of between 0 and 1.“According to some researchers, a real smile reflects the inner state of amusement. However, the idea of behavioral ecology suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor sufficient for smiling. Our study showed that in these human-computer interaction experiments, smiling isn’t driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement( 主观参与), which acts like a kind of social fuel for smiling, even when socializing with a computer on your own.” Dr Witchel said.Participants didn’t tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer informed them whether their answer was correct or not. Surprisingly, participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witchel added, “During these computerized quizzes, smiling greatly increased just after they answered questions incorrectly. This behavior could not be explained by ratings of happiness or frustration.”8. Why did Dr Witchel use difficult questions in the quiz?A. To discover the most intelligent participants.B. To create a stressful situation for participants.C. To make the answer period last as long as possible.D. To make it hard for participants to answer them correctly.9. What can we infer from the idea of behavioral ecology?A. Smiles reflect the inner state of cheerfulness.B. Smiling is associated with objective engagement.C. Smiling is usually connected with social activities.D. Smiles aren’t necessarily useful tools in social interactions.10. Which of the following will Dr Witchel agree with?A. There is a need for further research on smiling.B. Participants smiled when their answer was correct.C. Smiles have nothing to do with happiness or frustration.D. Participants smiled less when they got the answer wrong.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. How to Identify a Real Smile?B. What Contributes to Real Happiness?C. People Hold a Wrong View on Happiness.D. Smiling Doesn’t Necessarily Mean Happiness.DYou may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine. When you read or listen to something, your brain doesn’t take each word at face value: it’s continuously taking statistics about which words appear together regularly so that it can expect what’s coming next and process speech faster. Our brains continuously release electrical signals, which change depending on what task your brain is dealing with. Scientists can use a technique to read some of these to study how your brain processes language. One of these signals, called N400, changes depending on whether words make sense in context or not. The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap. This means that scientists can read the N400 height to analyze the kind of expectations you have about which words usually appear together. In language learners, the N400 changes based on proficiency （熟练程度）. The better people get at a language, the closer their N400 pattern is to native speaker’s. This means that an important part of language proficiency is taking statistics and building expectations about what words usually appear together, just as native speakers do. To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together. Reading is a great way to do this and there’s lots of research that shows that reading works wonders for your vocabulary skills. However, it is important to remember that if there are too many unknown words, it can be difficult to figure out what they mean from the context. And it is unpleasant having to stop every two miles to look up a word. Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.12. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?A. To state a fact. B. To offer a suggestion.C. To make a comparison. D. To propose a definition.13. What does it mean if the N400 increases?A. We make sense of some word combinations in a context.B We combine some new words to make a sentence.C. We memorize some word combinations to learn a language.D We meet some word combinations beyond our expectations.14. How can we have a native speaker-like N400 pattern according to the author?A. By reading some books about vocabulary skills.B. By reading lots of natural content.C. By reading loads of books about nature and drawing pictures.D. By reading authentic content to increase our vocabulary.15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. It is more beneficial to read easy books.B. It is important to look up new words.C. We should mainly read adapted books.D. We should choose materials right for our level.ETwo thirds of the ice in the glaciers (冰川) of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise according to a recent study. Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes, representing five per cent, at most, of the ice volume seen today. The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism. In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitudes. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two-thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100. The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice loss forecasts there. Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.16. What does the underlined word “doomed” mean in paragraph 1?A. Polluted. B. Discovered. C. Endangered. D. Abandoned.17. What can we infer from paragraph 2?A. Emissions have much to do with the ice melting.B. The Alps is expected to lose all its ice by 2100.C. Ice loss will be avoided with emissions prevented.D. Large ice pieces will just exist at the mountain top.18. Why are the Asia’s ice fields mentioned in paragraph 4?A. To explain how glacier melting came about.B. To imply pollution is a worldwide problem.C. To show what consequences ice melting will cause.D. To indicate the Alps is not alone to face ice melting.19. What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of glaciers?A. Objective. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anxiety and depression are complex conditions. But can everyone benefit from teaming how to care for their mind? ___20___• Self-Compassion （自我关怀）___21___ This can include feeling like you must be perfect to be accepted or an unrealistic sense of others' expectations. The answer to perfectionism isn't letting it all go— it's self-compassion, which means you are kind and understanding when faced with personal failures—after all, who ever said you were supposed to be perfect? How we treat ourselves through the ups and downs of life can have a huge impact on health and mental health.• Social ConnectionFrom the time we are born , we need social connection in order to grow and succeed. ___22___ It can be talking to one trusted person about how you're really doing or having a visit with any family member or friend. If this feels out of reach, try making a short list of people who at any point have given you a sense of belonging. ___23___• ExerciseExercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary （缺乏锻炼的）lifestyle is a risk factor. ___24___Another study found that 12 weeks of exercise at 30 minutes, three to five times per week reduced symptoms by 47%.So the best approach is: Get whatever support is in reach and care for your mind based on what works for you.A. It is important to be kind to yourselfB. But it doesn't have to be a big party or an office full of people.C. Being constantly self-critical is risky for anxiety and depression.D. It may be vital to understand happiness when we struggle with mood.E. One study found that 15 minutes a day of exercise significantly prevents depression.F The following behaviors are key ones linked to prevention of anxiety and depression.G. Studies have shown that just thinking of positive relationships can help you tolerate stress.第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thirty years ago, I was a senior high school student. One day after our test papers were____25____, our math teacher asked twelve students who had made exactly the same mistakes to remain. There is nothing really new about ____26____ in exams. Perhaps that was why she didn’t even say a word about it. ____27____, she wrote on the blackboard the words by Thomas Macaulay: the real ____28____ is not measured by what a man does in ____29____, where he’ll be seen, but what he would do if he knew he would never be____30____ out.I don’t know about the other eleven boys. Speaking for myself I can say: it was the most important single ____31____of my life. Now entering my third decade after being____32____to Macaulay’s words, they still seem to me the best ____33____, because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.____34____ of us will be asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are____35____ daily to make a great many personal decisions. Should the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket ____36____ turned over to the policeman? Should the ____37____change received at the store be forgotten or____38____? Nobody will know except you. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always____39____ to live with yourself deserving your own respect.25. A. marked B. completed C. examined D. collected26. A. checking B. discussing C. cheating D. worrying27. A. Personally B. Unfortunately C. Instead D. Suddenly28. A. feature B. character C. advantage D. wisdom29 A. practice B. danger C. detail D. public30. A. found B. worked C. figured D. pointed31. A. chance B. lesson C. incident D. memory32. A. referred B. shown C. brought D. introduced33. A. sentence B. choice C. reason D. standard34. A. Few B. All C. Some D. Any35. A. given out B. cut off C. cheered up D. called upon36. A. and B. so C. or D. but37. A. extra B. small C. some D. necessary38. A. paid B. remembered C. returned D. shared39. A. easier B. better C. harder D. freer第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shenzhou XIV’s return capsule, ____40____ (carry) astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in north China. The astronauts were all in good physical condition, indicating the Shenzhou XIV mission was ____41____ complete success.China____42____ (adopt) a “three-step” strategy to push space____43____ (explore) boundaries on its own since 1992. The first step was____44____ (send) astronauts into space and ensure their safe return. The second step was developing____45____ (advance) space flight techniques and technologies, including extravehicular activity and orbital docking, after____46____China concentrated efforts____47____ operating a permanent manned space station.China will welcome astronauts from other countries to enter its space station to conduct ____48____ (experiment), said Ji Qiming, assistant to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) director, adding that several space science application projects_____49_____ (official) selected by China and the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs are being implemented as planned. 第三节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分, 满 分 5 分） 课文原文填空。Everywhere____50____ looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was____51____. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. ____52____ covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now____53____ the wells instead of water. People were in____54____.第四节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满 分 10 分）单词填空，请在答题卡填写完整单词。55. What kind of education can be meaningful to young people a_________ ( 影响) by conflict?(根据中英文提示单词拼写)56. This will make your car more visible to r_________ (营救) crews. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)57. Music is an important way we express human s_________ (苦 难), celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)58. Find the s_________ (特定的) area that you are most interested in and develop it. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)59. Drawing back my free hand, I s_________ (击打) the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)60. More staff is needed to meet the d_________ ( 需求) of the people who are concerned about their physical well-being. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)61. That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of e_________ (紧急事件). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)62. All human beings should be considered e_________ (平等的). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)63. We decided to collect as many school s_________ (补给品) as possible, and make them into kits. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)64. He a_________ (感激) the responsibility you’ve given him and enjoys his freedom. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)第四部分 书面表达（满分 15 分）65. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Tom得知中国的新年要来了，想请你给他写封邮件介绍春节。内容包括：1. 节日时间；2. 节日风俗；3. 邀请他一起过节。注意： 1.写作词数应为 100 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Tom,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua