2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解考点18议论文（B卷）作业

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解考点18议论文（B卷）作业，共16页。
2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题十二 考点18 议论文（B卷）1.    Timing is everything. This is especially true when a student is seeking admission to a college or university and it can often be a long and complex process in the United States.    Many people think the process begins in the final year of high school. However, students should start taking action well before that. In the US, young people generally attend high school for four years. It's suggested that students take their first step toward applying to college in the months before their third year. At this point, young people are still likely to have several unanswered questions in their mind. Those questions could be as complex as "What do you want out of your college experience?" or as simple as "Where do you want to study?" Students can get closer to finding the answers by visiting any college or university.    The next step involves testing. Most US students take exams to prove their level of academic performance in the second half of their third year. After taking these tests, the period between the third and fourth years of high school is busy. This is the time when they should narrow the list of colleges and universities under consideration. Once they have made a shorter list, they should contact these schools.    Then, students should begin working on a writing sample. Most US colleges and universities require applicants to provide a writing sample that does more than show off their writing ability. It should also tell admission officers more about who the applicants are. So students should begin working on it even before their final year of high school.    Finally, in the United States, most deadlines for college application materials are in early winter. Students should hand in all their application materials a week before the actual date. That way if any emergencies come up, students have plenty of time to contact the schools. Spring is when most schools make their decisions and inform students if they will accept them.1. When should American high school students begin to apply to college?
A. In the final year.  B. At the end of the second year.
C. In the second half of the third year. D. After the early winter of the third year.
2. Why may students be busy between the third and fourth years of high school?
A. To prepare a writing sample.B. To prepare application materials.
C. To make a list of colleges and universities.D. To take tests to prove their academic abilities.
3. What's the purpose of a writing sample?
A. To show the student how to contact schools.
B. To show the student how to write an application.
C. To help admission officers get to know the student.
D. To help the student solve some unanswered questions.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A. College Life and StudyB. Time Arrangement in High School
C. High School Life: Valuing the Experience
D. College Application: Getting the Timing Right2.    It's become an accepted part of keeping up to date with extended family and friends, but if schoolchildren were in their parents' shoes, the majority wouldn't share posts of their sons and daughters online. Over 55% said they would not upload news about, or images of their children to their social media, according to a survey of over 16,000 pupils by Votes for Schools.    While some were concerned about being embarrassed or the content which could remain online indefinitely, others expressed concern about their personal data being revealed. One of the pupils surveyed said, "Although our parents mean well, sometimes the consequence of a post can be disastrous."    In response to the survey, children's mental health charity Place2Be and law firm Mishcon de Reya have produced three films ahead of the Christmas holidays―the best period for parental oversharing.    In one video, about safety online, 10-year-old Adavan said, "If you share anything with your family, you know who's going to see it. But if you share it publicly, there are millions of people who can see your picture."    Joe Hancock, a security lead at Mishcon de Reya, encouraged parents to share wisely. "Simple steps, such as checking your privacy settings and asking others not to share content of your children on their accounts if they haven't updated their privacy settings, are a good start. And, as we found out from the children during filming, having their permission is key," he said.    The study marks a shift away from the usual debate about teaching children to use the Internet safely. Sandra Davis, head of the law firm's family department, said, "Children are the experts on the real and immediate impact of sharenting (晒娃)―the full extent of which we cannot know yet. We must ensure we listen to children and take their views into consideration now in order to avoid any unintended consequences further down the line."1.What's most pupils' attitude towards sharing posts about children?
A.Skeptical. B.Tolerant. C.Unwilling. D.Unconcerned.
2.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?
A.Summarize the previous paragraph.
B.Provide some advice for parents.
C.Predict the consequence of sharing posts.
D.Give reasons for the result of the survey.
3.What should parents first pay attention to according to Joe Hancock?
A.Safety. B.Consequence. C.Wisdom. D.Health.
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.Parents should take children's opinions into account.
B.Parents should teach children to use the Internet safely.
C.Children must make sure to listen to their parents.
D.Children should avoid unintended consequences of sharenting.3.Every day on her walk to school, Khloe Thompson, a nine-year-old girl, kept noticing the same homeless people and couldn't help but feel troubled. She kept asking her mom why or how they were there, and at the end of the conversation she always wondered, "What can I do to help?" Seeing these struggling individuals in her community, Khloe made a resolution to create her own charity devoted to improving the lives of local homeless people. After Khloe made the decision firmly, she quickly began to effect change in the homeless community, raising spirits while lending some much-needed assistance to those living on the street."No dream is too small or too big!" writes Khloe on her GoFundMe page, which was set up by Khloe and her mom Alisha and has raised $14,000 in the two months since it was established, exceeding its original $10,000 goal. "Any funds raised on this page will go toward our charity filing fees and any future volunteer projects. The more we raise, the more people we can help!"The charity, called Khloe Kares, is a community service-oriented organization that plans different projects to give some assistance to those in need. Khloe's first project was Kare Bags, which are intended to help the homeless. "I like to give them a nice sturdy bag that they can have forever," says Khloe, "Sometimes they give me hugs and then they say thank you.""As a parent, you're going to be concerned about her walking up to random strangers," says Alisha, who accompanies Khloe when she hands out her Kare Bags. After seeing people's positive reactions, she said "People really warm up to her quickly."As Khloe strives to help those near her, homelessness has become an increasingly pressing issue. For Khloe, Kare Bags are just the beginning. She is currently planning a toy drive for kids living in group homes, which will take place on July. She has collected about $1,000 worth of toys to give out, and additional voluntary gifts will go towards The Raise Foundation of Orange County, whose goal is to stop child abuse and neglect.1.Khloe created her own charity to ______.
A.collect money for children's toys
B.help homeless people of the local area
C.protect more children from abuse and neglect
D.improve the living condition of the community
2.From the passage, we can know that GoFundMe page _________.
A.is a community service-oriented organization
B.was set up by Khloe and some local volunteers
C.plans different projects to help those people in need
D. raises fund for filing fees and future volunteer projects
3.Which of the following words can best describe Khole?
A.Devoted and open-minded. B.Humorous and strong-willed.
C.Determined and warm-hearted. D.Knowledgeable and hard-working.
4.Which of the following can be the best title?
A.No Life is Easy  B.The Road to Success
C.The Power of Volunteers D.Lend a Hand to Strangers4.    Off the coast of Formentera, an island, lives seagrass that stretches 15 km. The seagrass, covering several kilometers, is made up of a single organism. The grasses are also long-lived, for tens or hundreds of thousands of years. Along with two other kinds of coastal ecosystem—mangrove(红树林) swamps and tidal marshes(潮汐沼泽)—seagrass fields are particularly good at taking carbon dioxide from the air.    This role was highlighted in a report published on March 2nd by UNESCO, on "blue carbon"—the carbon stored by Earth's oceanic and coastal ecosystems. In total around 3300 million tons of carbon dioxide (about three-quarters of the world's emissions in 2019) are locked away in the planet's blue-carbon sinks. Research by Carlos Duarte, the report's author and an ecologist, has shown that one hectare of seagrass can suck as much carbon dioxide each year as 15 hectares of rainforest.    One reason that blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks is that underwater forests are thicker than the land-based woods. They can also trap floating pieces and organic matter, which settles on the sea floor and can double the amount of carbon stored away. They possess another advantage, too. Climate change is leading to more wildfires around the world. As forests burn, their carbon stocks are sent back into the atmosphere. Unlike forests on land, blue-carbon ecosystems do not burn.    Blue-carbon ecosystems may not be fired, but they remain affected to other sorts of disasters. In May 2020 cyclone Amphan destroyed 1200 square kilometres of mangrove forests. A marine heatwave in Australian waters in 2010 and 2011 damaged around one third of the world's largest seagrass field in Shark Bay. Mangrove forests can weaken or control waves and provide natural barriers to storm surges. Protecting and expanding them, then, appears to be a must.1.What do the blue-carbon ecosystems consist of?
A.The carbon stored in coastal ecosystems.
B.Seagrass living off the coast of Formentera.
C.A single organism, seagrass fields and forests on land.
D.Seagrass fields, mangrove swamps and tidal marshes.
2.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The concrete role of "blue carbon". B.The special features of the seagrass.
C.The storage ability of the blue-carbon sinks. D.The findings about the blue-carbon ecosystems.
3.Why can the blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks?
A.Because they have greater absorbing ability.
B.Because they aren't influenced by disasters.
C.Because their carbon stocks are released back.
D.Because there is more carbon in water than on land.
4.What is the purpose of the last paragraph?
A.To add background information. B.To give suggestions.
C.To list influential examples. D.To offer scientific data.5.    One in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight. By the time they leave school, that figure will rise to one in three. The chance of them being overweight in adulthood, which brings a range of associated health risks, is high, at 50-75%.    The root cause of diet-related fatness is no secret: an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted. Addressing this imbalance needs to be, in part, a review of our diet. More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet.    The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach, rather than just individual behavior change, is a successful way of achieving this. Universal adjustments like a blanket decrease in sugar content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us.    Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense. They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets. Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.    Ifs an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program —working with schools to transform food culture, improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think about food. It works. In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.    One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients. It encourages local seasonal produce and, at silver or gold level, requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce. At its heart, the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding.    Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award already, serving around 1.7 million meals each day to over 10,000 schools and it's a figure we'll see grow.1.What does the underlined word "addressing" in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Tackling. B.Ignoring. C.Maintaining. D.Postponing.
2.Which approach will work for students to build a balanced diet?
A.Stopping them eating alone in schools.
B.Getting them aware of the harm of fatness.
C.Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus.
D.Increasing the availability and flavor of food.
3.What can we say about the Food for Life program?
A.It's a heavy load on schools. B.It's complicated to operate.
C.It's a temporary project. D.It's a fruitful attempt.
4.Which type of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote?
A.Sugary snacks.  B.First-class sausages.
C.High-quality imported beef. D.Freshly picked organic beans.6.    With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.    The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.    Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.    "We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in;" We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law."    And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would."    It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.    Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.    Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married.1.Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A.Nick. B.Rita. C.Kathryn. D.The daughters.
2.What is Nick's attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in-law?
A.Positive. B.Carefree. C.Tolerant. D.Unwilling.
3.What is the author's statement about multigenerational family based on?
A.Family traditions. B.Financial reports. C.Published statistics. D.Public opinions.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.Lifestyles in different countries. B.Conflicts between generations.
C.A housing problem in Britain.\ D.A rising trend of living in the UK.7.    When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline(座机)?    These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.    Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey(调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.    More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor(因素)—only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.    Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).    How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?1.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?
A.Their target users.  B.Their wide popularity.
C.Their major functions. D.Their complex design.
2.What does the underlined word "concede" in paragraph 3 mean?
A.Admit. B.Argue. C.Remember. D.Remark.
3.What can we say about Baby Boomers?
A.They like smartphone games. B.They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C.They keep using landline phones. D.They are attached to their family.
4.What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?
A.It remains a family necessity. B.It will fall out of use some day.
C.It may increase daily expenses. D.It is as important as the gas light.8.    "You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it." This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.    I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on... At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, "Alright. Yes, I'll do it."    I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.    Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.    In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?1. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?
A. She knows little about the club. B. She isn't good at sports.
C. She just doesn't want to volunteer. D. She's unable to meet her schedule.
2. What does the underlined phrase "tug at the heartstrings" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Encourage teamwork. B. Appeal to feelings.
C. Promote good deeds.  D. Provide advice.
3. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse. B. She is proud of her kids.
C. She'll work for another season. D. She becomes a good helper.
4. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty. B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard. D. It brings her material rewards.

 
答案以及解析1.答案：1-4 BCCD解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中"It's suggested that students take their first step toward applying to college in the months before their third year.(建议学生在三年级前几个月向大学申请迈出第一步)"可知，美国高中生应该在第二年年底开始申请大学。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中"After taking these tests, the period between the third and fourth years of high school is busy. This is the time when they should narrow the list of colleges and universities under consideration.(参加完这些考试后，高中三、四年级之间的这段时间很忙。这是他们应该缩小正在考虑的学院和大学名单的时候了)"可知，学生在高中三、四年级之间这段时间会很忙是因为要列出学院和大学的名单。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据第四段中"Then, students should begin working on a writing sample. Most US colleges and universities require applicants to provide a writing sample that does more than show off their writing ability. It should also tell admission officers more about who the applicants are.(然后，学生应该开始写一个写作样稿。大多数美国学院和大学要求申请者提供一份写作样稿，这份样稿不仅仅是用来展示他们的写作能力。它还应该告诉招生人员更多关于申请人的信息)"可知，写作样稿的功能是帮助招生人员了解学生。故选C。4.标题判断题。根据第一段"Timing is everything. This is especially true when a student is seeking admission to a college or university and it can often be a long and complex process in the United States.(时机就是一切。尤其是当一个学生想要被学院或大学录取的时候，在美国这经常会是一个漫长而复杂的过程)"再结合全文可知，"大学申请：把握好时机"是本文最佳标题。故选D。2.答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A
解析：1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句 Over 55% said they would not upload news about, or images of, their children to their social media feeds, according to survey of over 16,000 pupils by Votes for Schools. 可知,超过55%的学生表示,他们不会在社交媒体上上传关于自己孩子的新闻或照片。这项调查是通过投票选出学校的方式对16000多名学生进行的。由此可知,大多数学生不愿意分享。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第二段 While some were concerned about being embarrassed or the longevity of content which could remain online indefinitely, others expressed concern about their personal data being compromised. One of the pupils surveyed said, "Although our parents mean well, sometimes the consequence of a post can be disastrous." 可知,虽然有些人担心会尴尬,或者可能无限期留在网上的内容会持续很长时间,但其他人则担心他们的个人数据会被泄露。一名接受调查的学生说:"虽然我们的父母是好意,但有时一个帖子的后果可能是灾难性的。"由此可知,第二段给出调查结果的理由。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第五段第二句 Simple steps, such as checking your privacy settings and asking others not to share content of your children on their accounts if they have not updated their privacy settings, are a good start. 由此可知,一些简单的步骤,比如检查你的隐私设置,如果别人没有更新他们的隐私设置,就要求他们不要在他们的账户上分享你孩子的内容,都是一个好的开始。由此可知,Joe Hancock 认为父母首先要注意安全性。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 The study marks a shift away from the usual debate about teaching children to use the Internet safely. Sandra Davis, head of the law firm's family department, said, "Children are the experts on the real and immediate impact of sharenting (晒娃) — the full extent of which we cannot know yet. We must ensure we listen to children and take their views into consideration now in order to avoid any unintended consequences further down the line." 可知,这项研究标志着一个转变,从通常讨论的教育孩子安全使用互联网。Sandra Davis 是该律师事务所家庭部的负责人,她说:"孩子们是了解父母分房对孩子的真实和直接影响的专家——具体影响程度我们还不清楚。为了避免将来出现任何意想不到的后果,我们现在必须倾听孩子们的意见,考虑他们的意见。"由此可知,父母应该考虑孩子的意见。。故选A。 3.答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第三句 Khloe made a resolution to create her own charity devoted to improving the lives of local homeless people. 科勒决定创立自己的慈善机构,致力于改善当地无家可归者的生活。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句 Any funds raised on this page will go toward our charity filing fees and any future volunteer projects. 本页所募得的款项将用于我们的慈善申请费和任何未来的志愿者项目。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知,9岁的科勒就已经下定决心要帮助无家可归的人,课件她是非常有决心的;她致力于帮助无家可归的人,因此她也非常热心。故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的描述可知科勒在上学的路上看到无家可归的人时,自己就决定要帮助他们,包括最后一段提到的正在筹备的制止虐待儿童的项目,都是在帮助陌生人,故D项"帮助陌生人"能概况文章大意。故选D。 4.答案：1-4 DCAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Along with two other kinds of coastal ecosystem—mangrove(红树林) swamps and tidal marshes(潮汐沼泽)—seagrass fields are particularly good at taking carbon dioxide from the air."可知, 海草床, 还有另外两种沿海生态系统—红树林沼泽和潮汐沼泽, 尤其擅长从空气中吸收二氧化碳; 结合第二段第一句中的"on 'blue carbon'—the carbon stored by Earth's oceanic and coastal ecosystems"可知, "蓝碳"是地球海洋和沿海生态系统储存的碳。由此可知, 海草床、红树林沼泽和潮汐沼泽构成了蓝碳生态系统。故选D。
2.段落大意题。根据第二段第二、三句可知, 总共约有330亿吨二氧化碳(约占2019年全球排放量的四分之三)被锁在地球的蓝碳汇中。该报告的作者、海洋生态学家Carlos Duarte的研究表明, 一公顷海草每年吸收的二氧化碳相当于15公顷雨林每年吸收的二氧化碳。由此可知, 本段主要介绍了蓝碳汇的储存能力。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句可知, 蓝碳生态系统之所以会产生如此有效的碳汇, 其中一个原因是水下森林比陆上森林的密度更大。它们还能捕获漂浮在海底的碎片和有机物, 使碳的储存量增加一倍。由此可推知, 蓝碳生态系统之所以会产生如此有效的碳汇是因为它们有更强大的储存能力。故选A。
4.目的意图题。根据最后一段内容可知, 最后一段先列举了蓝碳生态系统受到的危害; 最后两句表明: 红树林可以削弱或抑制海浪并为风暴潮提供天然屏障。因此, 保护红树林并扩大红树林的(种植)面积似乎是必需的(事)。由此可推知, 最后一段的目的是给出一些建议。故选B。 5.答案：1-4 ACDD解析：1.词义猜测题。根据后文"More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet."(更多的新鲜食材,尤其是水果和蔬菜,更少的加工食品和更少的添加剂都是建立均衡饮食的重要因素。)可知,本句是解决不均衡的办法,所以addressing指的是"解决"。A. Tackling解决;B. Ignoring忽视;C. Maintaining维持;D. Postponing推迟。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段"Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school."(提供一份充满新鲜食材和没有人工添加剂的学校菜单对孩子们在学校的饮食有直接和有效的影响。)可知,确保学校菜单上有健康的食谱可以帮助学生建立均衡的饮食。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段"In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools."(在"终身饮食"学校,学生不吃水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他学校的学生低三分之一。)可知,关于"生命之粮"计划是一次卓有成效的尝试。故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients."(学校参与其中的一种方式是在这里提供终身服务的食物奖,这意味着至少75%的菜肴是现场用新鲜的食材制作的。)可知,终身服务的食物奖推广的是新鲜的食物。故选D。 6.答案：1-4.BACD
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第三段"Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol... but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor"可知,在布里斯托尔的维多利亚时代的房子里,Rita住在一楼。故选B。
2.考查观点态度。根据第五段中的"From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would"可以判断,Nick对于与岳母住在一起持积极的态度。carefree"无忧无虑的";tolerant"宽容的";unwilling"不情愿的"。故选A。
3.考查推理判断。根据第六段中的"Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013"和第七段中的"It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds... about 1.8 million"可知,作者通过罗列数据来说明几世同堂家庭的情况。故选C。
4.考查主旨大意。根据全文中心句"With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together"可知,本文主要介绍了近年来英国人选择几世同堂的趋势在上升。故选D。 7.答案：1-4 BACB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.可知, 本段介绍了几乎人人都有手机, 即手机的普及这一现象。故选B。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的they're keeping it as a security blanket可知, 仍然保留座机的澳大利亚人中, 有三分之一是为了将其作为一个安全保障, 所以他们并不是真正使用座机, 因此此处指三分之一的人承认座机的存在不是很有必要。admit意为"承认", 与画线词意思相近。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的...compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.可知, 出生于婴儿潮时期的一代人中有84%的人可能在50年内都使用相同的家庭电话号码, 即他们一直使用座机。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段提及的gas street lamps(煤气路灯)和morning milk deliveries(早晨牛奶递送)并结合常识可知, 作者的言外之意是座机有一天可能会走上与这两者相同的道路, 即逐渐被社会淘汰。故选B。 8.答案：1-4CBDB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段中的第一句可知,这位家长让作者把她当作最后的备选,也就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。故选C。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线部分的前后文可知,作者为了劝服这位家长举了两个例子。故可知,画线部分应有 "煽情"之意。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及"the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team"可知,她最终成为了志愿者队伍中重要的一员, 即她成了一个好帮手。故选D。
4.细节理解题。题干问"作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作"。根据第四段最后两句可知,作者认为为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐,参加志愿者活动能让人感到快乐。故选B。