高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions课堂检测

Section A　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking

必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.The competition is open to both teams and 　　　　　　(individual). 

2.Her 　　　　　　(puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn’t understand what I said. 

3.Uniforms help the school look smart.The students feel that they belong 　　　　　　a particular group. 

4.As well as 　　　　　　(write) stories,I love reading and listening to music. 

5.The soldiers fought bravely 　　　　　　defence of the safety of their country. 

6.You cannot accept an opinion 　　　　　　(offer) to you unless it is based on facts. 

7.Last night,there were millions of people 　　　　　　(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV. 

8.The girl decided to break away 　　　　　　her family if her parents didn’t agree to her marrying the young man. 

9.He surrounded his cottage 　　　　　　fence in defence of his belongings. 

10.He passed the driving test at his first attempt,　　　　　　 made him excited. 

Ⅱ.短语填空

join...to...,break away from,belong to,as well as,keep one’s eyes open (for),a little bit,result in,refer to,date back to,leave behind

1.The origin of Chinese painting can 　　　　　　　　　　　　Chinese Stone Age’s pottery. 

2.The weather is good but perhaps 　　　　　　　　　　　　hot in summer. 

3.Cultural relics and natural scenery 　　　　　　　　　everyone,including the generations to come. 

4.We are glad to know that our hometown will 　　　　　　　　　　　　the big cities through a high-speed railway. 

5.When travelling in a foreign country,you had better 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the local history and tradition. 

6.Modern music like jazz has 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the old traditional rules. 

7.The new law does not 　　　　　　　　　　land used for farming. 

8.The staff,all the students and their parents,　　　　　　　　　　　　 anyone interested in it are welcome. 

9.When you go camping,please don’t 　　　　　　　　　　any trash. 

10.First,some information offered in WeChat is false and it may 　　　　　　　　　people being cheated. 

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。(belong to)

　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 

2.除了写故事,我还喜欢阅读和听音乐。(as well as)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I love reading and listening to music.

3.有一些证据证明他偷了钱,但我不敢肯定。(evidence)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he stole the money,but I’m not certain.

4.不管我往哪里看,都是美丽的花朵。(everywhere)

　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　,there were beautiful flowers. 

5.房间的角落里有许多箱子。(There be)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the corner of the room. 

能力素养提升练

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

Ireland has had a very difficult history.The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.For hundreds of years,the Irish people fought against the English.Finally,in 1921,the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland.The result is that today there are two “Irelands”.Northern Ireland,in the north,is part of the United Kingdom.The Republic of Ireland,in the south,is an independent country.

In the 1840s,the main crop,potatoes,were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.This,and a shortage(短缺) of work,forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA,the UK,Australia and Canada.As a result of these problems,the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.

For many years,the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.Today,many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices.Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside,where things move at a quieter and slower pace.

The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly.Oscar Wilde,a famous Irish writer,once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”.Since independence,Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music,language,literature and singing.Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin,whistles,etc.

1.What does the author tell us in paragraph 1?

A.How the Irish fought against the English.

B.How Ireland gained independence.

C.How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.

D.How two “Irelands” came into being.

2.What can we learn about Ireland from the text?

A.Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population.

B.People are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside.

C.It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.

D.Different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments.

3.What can be the best title for the text?

A.Life in Ireland

B.A Very Difficult History

C.Ireland,Past and Present

D.The Independence of Ireland

B

The Polish take great pride in their culture.Our culture has many different customs and traditions.I will discuss three of these traditions and customs.

The Polish will say “Dziekuje” (“thank you”) only after receiving their change.What I mean by this is that when you are in Poland,you should wait to say “thank you” until after you have been given your change back.If you do not,you are telling cashiers (收银员) that they can “keep the change”.Often,people visiting Poland will feel that things are very expensive,until they learn that they are giving the store clerk permission to keep the money that would have been given back.

Polish people break “bread” with their families during their Christmas Eve meal.The Christmas Eve celebration starts with the breaking of the Oplatek,which is a thin piece of “bread”.In my family,the eldest in the family (my grandfather) takes the big Oplatek and breaks it into large pieces that he then hands down to each of his four children (my aunt,uncles,and father).Then,these family members break their pieces into smaller sizes and pass them out to their own children.Once the last piece is passed down to the youngest,we say a prayer(祷告) and eat the piece of thin bread.

Polish people celebrate “Imieniny”,or Name’s Day.This day is more important than one’s birthday.They often name their children after a saint (圣徒) whose day is closest to the date that they were born on.Then their saint’s day that they were named after becomes their “new” birthday.On Name’s Day,families and friends gather together and enjoy a variety of food,drinking,and dancing.

As you can see,Poland has a few very unique(独特的) traditions and customs.I honor my Polish culture and will pass it on to my own children because it is important to know one’s own culture.

4.What will happen if you say “Dziekuje” before getting your change in Poland?

A.The store clerk will keep it.

B.The product will be changed.

C.The store clerk will check the money.

D.The product will be returned to the store.

5.Who will the author receive “bread” from on Christmas Eve?

A.His grandfather.　  B.His uncle.

C.His aunt. D.His father.

6.What do we know about a Polish person’s Imieniny?

A.It is a day to visit families and friends.

B.It is more important than Name’s Day.

C.It is near to his or her birthday.

D.It is a day to honor a saint.

7.What does the author think of Polish traditions and customs?

A.He feels proud of them.

B.He shows no interest in them.

C.He is worried about them.

D.He considers them very funny.

Ⅴ.七选五

There have been a lot of comments recently surrounding 5G,the next generation of wireless technology.　1　 How might it change our lives? 

5G stands for the fifth generation,meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.Earlier “G”systems were designed to improve mobile communication operations.Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity (容量).　2　 It is expected to permit more users to do more things at a faster rate. 

However,technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different from the earlier systems.　3　 It will affect more devices and industries than other “G” versions. 

5G will help fuel future “smart cities” by connecting sensor networks.5G is also expected to connect self-driving cars and support new technologies involving virtual reality (虚拟现实).Higher 5G speeds could also permit doctors to commonly perform remote medical operations.Factories and businesses could use 5G technology to increase automation and improve the collection of information.

　4　 The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data.In addition,the wider use of a 5G wireless network means any breakdown of the system would have more widespread and severe results.Such difficulties could affect public safety.　5　 or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash. 

A.Why is 5G so popular?

B.What is this technology?

C.Every coin has two sides.

D.The new 5G system promises more of the same.

E.It will move beyond mobile network technology.

F.A breakdown of 5G networks may cause economic losses.

G.A failure during a doctor’s remote operation could lead to death

Ⅵ.语法填空

The British have many traditions but there is nothing more typical than 1.　　　　　(take) afternoon tea.We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea,2.　　　　　more than 160 million cups drunk every day,but it was the invention of afternoon tea 3.　　　　　 turned tea-drinking into a popular pastime(消遣). 

This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 4.　　　　　 (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) on nice sandwiches,scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And,of course,it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea,which 5.　　　　　(design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a 6.　　　　　 (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes. 

Now there is a resurgence (复苏)in its 7. 　　　　　(popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.8. 　　　　　  it can be enjoyed at home,the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or cafe.But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place 9. 　　　　　(enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew,remember the rules you must follow to avoid 10.　　　　　(ask) to leave. 

Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea.” I’m sure once you have tried it,you will agree.

答案：

Ⅰ.1.individuals　2.puzzled　3.to　4.writing　5.in　6.offered　7.watching　8.from　9.with　10.which

Ⅱ.1.date back to　2.a little bit　3.belong to　4.be joined to　5.keep your eyes open for　6.broken away from　7.refer to　8.as well as　9.leave behind　10.result in

Ⅲ.1.The future belongs to　2.As well as writing stories 　3.There is some evidence that 　4.Everywhere I looked

5.There are many cases lying

Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一段关于爱尔兰的历史,以及其文化、农业和人民的生活情况。

1.D　推理判断题。由第一段中“The result is that today there are two ‘Irelands’.Northern Ireland,in the north,is part of the United Kingdom.The Republic of Ireland,in the south,is an independent country.”可知,北爱尔兰是英国的一部分,而南部的爱尔兰共和国是独立的国家。由此可知,作者告诉我们,“两个爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D项。

2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the 1840s,the main crop,potatoes,were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.”和“the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851”可知,在19世纪40年代,主要农作物受疾病影响,大约75万人死于饥饿,爱尔兰人口骤减到660万。故选A项。

3.C　主旨大意题。文章讲述了爱尔兰的一段历史,没有详细讲爱尔兰的独立,B、D项排除;文章第三段主要讲的是爱尔兰人的生活,A项是对第三段的总结,不够全面。总览全文,文章讲了爱尔兰的过去和现在,故选C项。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者是波兰人,他讲述了波兰的三种传统习俗。

4.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If you do not,you are telling cashiers that they can ‘keep the change’.”可知,在波兰,如果你在收银员给你找钱之前说Dziekuje,就等于让收银员留下零钱。因此A项正确。

5.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then,these family members break their pieces into smaller sizes and pass them out to their own children.”可知,在圣诞节前夜作者会得到他父亲切的面包。因此D项正确。

6.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They often name their children after a saint whose day is closest to the date that they were born on.Then their saint’s day that they were named after becomes their ‘new’ birthday.”可知,在波兰,孩子经常以某位圣徒的名字命名,哪位圣徒的纪念日与孩子的生日最接近,人们就选哪位圣徒命名。因此C项正确。

7.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“I honor my Polish culture and will pass it on to my own children...”可知,作者以自己国家的传统习俗为荣。因此A项正确。

Ⅴ.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍5G技术及其优点,同时也介绍了它的安全风险。

1.B　根据第二段“5G stands for the fifth generation,meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.”可知,第一个问题是关于5G的概念。故选B项。

2.D　根据前一句“Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity.”可知,每一项新的技术都会带来速度的提升和网络容量的扩大,D项中的of the same与前一句呼应,指代上文提到的速度与容量,故选D项。

3.E　根据后一句“It will affect more devices and industries than other ‘G’ versions.”可知,与其他的四代通信版本相比,5G会影响更多的设备和产业,E项“它的影响超过手机网络技术”符合题意。

4.C　根据下文“The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data.”可知,本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险。C项“凡事有利弊”符合题意。

5.G　根据后一句“or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash”可知,此处讲述5G技术对公共安全可能造成的不利影响,G项“远程手术的失败可能造成病人死亡”符合题意。

Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。提起英国人的传统风俗,最负盛名的一个应该就是下午茶了。文章介绍了这一传统的由来、发展以及现状。

1.taking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,take在这里作than的宾语,表示“喝下午茶”这一行为,要用动词-ing形式。故填taking。

2.with　考查介词。分析句子可知,cups与drunk之间是动宾关系,符合“with + 名词 (或代词) + 过去分词”的with复合结构用法。故填with。

3.that　考查强调句。分析句子可知,从句中去掉it was和空白处,句子的成分是完整的,这里是对主语进行了强调,强调句的基本结构是“it is/was+被强调部分+that”。故填that。

4.comfortably　考查副词。分析句子可知,该空在这里修饰动词drinking,要用副词形式。故填comfortably。

5.was designed　考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,这里使用了定语从句,which指代的就是Afternoon tea,与design之间是被动关系,构成be designed as,描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时。故填was designed。

6.fashionable　考查形容词。分析句子可知,fashion在这里作定语修饰social occasion,要用形容词形式。故填fashionable。

7.popularity　考查名词。这里its是形容词性物主代词,其后要接名词,需将popular变为popularity表示“流行,受欢迎”。故填popularity。

8.Although/Though/While　考查状语从句的连接词。分析前后句逻辑关系可知,前句是让步状语从句,要用although,though或while引导,表示“尽管,虽然”。故填Although/Though/While。

9.to enjoy　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,这里enjoy作目的状语,要用不定式形式。故填to enjoy。

10.being asked　考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth 意为“避免做某事”,其后要接动词-ing形式。“你”和“要求离开”之间是被动关系,用动词-ing的被动形式,故填being asked。