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高中英语高考2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第一讲 细节理解题 题型突破 Word版含解析
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这是一份高中英语高考2018届高三英语二轮复习试题：专题三第一讲 细节理解题 题型突破 Word版含解析，共19页。
第一讲 细节理解题
题型1 直接信息理解类
[示例] (2017·全国卷Ⅰ，A)
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store
Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.
21．Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A．In Building 1.
B．In Building 3.
C．At the Laser Dome.
D．At the Denny Way entrance.
[解题思路]
第一步 确定题干中的关键词
本题题干的关键词是：Where；souvenir；Pacific__Science__Center
第二步 根据关键词定位信息句
本题信息句是：to__pick__up__a__wonderful__science__activity__or__souvenir__to__remember__your__visit.__The__store__is__located(位于)__upstairs__in__Building__3
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
特殊疑问句形式表达：以when, where, what, which, who, how等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．“定位比对”判细节
(1)从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，题干中的人名、地名、大写字母、时间、数字等都是命题首选的关键词，有利于迅速、准确地定位信息句。
(2)以关键词为线索，运用略读、跳读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关。
(3)仔细推敲，认真比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。
题型2 间接信息理解类
[示例] (2017·浙江卷，B)How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest; most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school－age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10－ to 12－year－olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.
26．How many hours of sleep do 11－year－olds need every day?
A．7 hours. B．8 hours.
C．10 hours. D．18 hours.
[解题思路]
第一步 确定题干中的关键词
本题题干的关键词是：How__many;__11－year－olds
第二步 根据关键词定位信息句
本题的信息句是：For__most__school－age__children,__ten__hours__is__ideal(理想的)．
第三步 对比信息句和选项，得出答案
根据信息句可知，对于上学年龄的孩子来说，睡眠十个小时是最理想的。11－year－olds属于school－age children。
尝试解答 ____C____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)According to the author/passage...
(2)The reason...，is that...
(3)From...，we can learn...
(4)Researchers have found that...
2．“同义互释”定选项
间接理解题答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。考生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别，也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。
3．搞清正确选项特征
(1)关键词替换：对原句的关键词进行同义替换；
(2)词性或语态变化：对原句中关键词进行词性变化或对原句进行主被动变化；
(3)语言简化：把原文中的复杂语言进行简化；
(4)正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达。
题型3 数字计算类
[示例] (2015·四川卷，C)Across Britain，burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers.But，according to a new study，we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.
Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work.Now，the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours，they would earn as much as ￡172，000 a year.
The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income ￡30，000 more than the Prime Minister earns.
...
38．How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?
A．￡30，000. B．￡142，000.
C．￡172，000. D．￡202，000.
[解题思路]
第一步 确定题干中的关键词
本题题干的关键词是：mother;__the__Prime__Minister
第二步 根据关键词定位信息句
本题的信息句是：①Now,__the__new__study__has__shown__that__if__they__were__paid__for__their__parental__labours,__they__would__earn__as__much__as__￡172，000__a__year.
②This__would__make__their__yearly__income__￡30，000__more__than__the__Prime__Minister__earns.
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
特殊疑问句形式表达：以when, in which year, how many/much等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．“列表推算”得数据
此类问题解决的关键是要弄清各数据之间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法。
(1)先阅读题干，然后带着题干中的关键词去读文章。在阅读过程中，对数字、时间、年代等词进行标记，以便读完文章后进行相应的计算。
(2)简单的数据可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基础，进行简单的运算。
(3)数据较多的文章，通常采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。
题型4 正误判断类
[示例] (2016·四川卷，D)A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.
The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.
Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.
Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.
While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.
Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.
Milk is also sugarfree and additivefree with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
33．Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?
A．It’s been tested on mice for ten times.
B．It can make people more energetic.
C．It exists in milk in great amount.
D．It’s used in sleeping drugs.
[解题思路]
第一步 根据关键词找出相关信息句
A：Those__given__night__milk,__which__contained__10__times__the__amount__of__melatonin,__were__less__active__and__less__anxious__than__those__fed__with__the__milk__collected__during__daytime...
B：Researchers__have__discovered__that“night__milk”__contains__more__melatonin(褪黑激素),__which__has__been__proven__to__help__people__feel__sleepy__and__reduce__anxiety.
C：Researchers__have__discovered__that“night__milk”__contains__more__melatonin...
D：...__taking__melatonin__drugs__has__been__suggested__to__those__who__are__struggling__to__fall__asleep__at__night.
第二步 对比选项与信息句，逐项击破
A项与信息句毫无关联；B项与信息句意思相反；C项范围扩大化；D项与信息句符合。
尝试解答 ____D____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)Which of the following is TRUE/WRONG according to the passage?
(2)Which of the following is NOT true according to...?
2．“去伪存真”辨是非
(1)速览题目所提供的四个选项。
(2)若各选项围绕同一内容展开，则要注意找出各选项之间的差别，再带着问题去原文中核实文章的实际内容。
(3)若各个选项陈述的内容不一致，则要根据题干或选项中提供的线索回读原文，逐个找到相关句，最后确定答案。
(4)表达“绝对化”的选项一般不是正确答案。
[状元技法]
“火眼金睛”识别干扰项 解答细节理解题
1．扩缩范围：通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息中的范围、程序等加以扩大或缩小，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误的。
2．无中生有：干扰项与所阅读的文章内容没有任何联系。
3．偷梁换柱：干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的单词，但句意已发生改变。
4．张冠李戴：把文中两个不同的概念、人物或观点进行错位拼接。
,[学生用书P44] )
A
(2017·河北石家庄高三质检)Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year，traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely.
One citizen，however，is trying to change this.“You get on the Tube and it’s completely silent and it’s weird，” says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章)with the words “Tube chat？” last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another.“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting most of them to be thrown away，but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed，”he says.Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K.，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances.
Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback，not everyone agrees with his idea.Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own，handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it” on them. Michael Robinson，24，a student from London，agrees.“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you，” he says.
“People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I don’t，but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，” Dunne says.
So if you ever end up using public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you？Just make sure to check for a badge first.
[解题导语] 每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多，可是人们仍然感到孤独；为此Jonathan Dunne发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动，此举引起了世界媒体的关注。尽管如此，人们对此仍有不同的态度。
1．How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other?
A．By putting up posters on the Tube.
B．By advocating his idea on the media.
C．By offering passengers special badges.
D．By starting a dialogue with passengers.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章)with the words‘Tube chat？’”可知，Dunne给乘客们分发写着“Tube chat？”的徽章来鼓励乘客聊天，故C项正确。
2．How is Dunne’s campaign getting along?
A．It has caught international attention.
B．It has become a worldwide campaign.
C．Most passengers have refused to accept it.
D．Wilson has made great efforts to promote it.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘Tube chat’campaign have since been reported by media across the world, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K., as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances”可知，Dunne和他的“Tube chat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注，故A项正确。
3．According to Michael Robinson，what should Tube passengers do?
A．Hand in their feedback in time.
B．Walk up and talk to strangers.
C．Stop using public transport.
D．Enjoy the peace quietly.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you”可知，Michael Robinson认为乘伦敦地铁是人们上下班时享受安静的时刻，而不是交谈的时刻，故D项正确。
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Tube Chat or Not
B．Lonely Travel in the London Tube
C．Silence on the Tube
D．Tube Passengers Wearing Badges
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第二段介绍Dunne和他的“Tube chat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注；第三段介绍一些人持不同的观点；最后一段建议如果要跟陌生人打招呼，先看看他有没有徽章。据此可以判断，文章主要介绍了人们对于是否在伦敦地铁相互交谈持不同的观点，故A项最能概括文意。
B
(2017·贵州普通高中招生适应性考试)A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the sevenday Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration. That is an increase of 7 percent compared with last year’s Spring Festival. About 374，000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.
The administration also reported growth from individual and highend(高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets. With many Chinese now traveling abroad for Spring Festival, their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.
“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services, including staying in private homes, appreciating plants and watching monkeys in hot springs，” Li Xuejing, the agency’s marketing manager, said.
A Chinese tourist surnamed Guo, who was vacationing on an island in the Philippines, said：“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”
Another choice is Britain. Though the devaluation(货币贬值) of the pound is a factor, Britain’s rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇新闻报道。国家旅游局统计，在今年春节期间去海外旅游的游客人数比去年同期有所上涨。文章分析了产生这一现象的原因。
5．How many trips were made to foreign countries during the Golden Week of this Spring Festival holiday?
A．6，150，000. B．2，500，000.
C．7，000，000. D．374，000.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句：“A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the sevenday Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration.”可知，在春节黄金周期间，中国大陆赴海外旅游的人次达到6 150 000，故A项正确。
6．What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?
A．They’re reported to have become important attractions.
B．They’re famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys.
C．They have the best hot spring in the world.
D．They belong to coastal source markets.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets”可知，广西壮族自治区的许多城市也成了重要的旅游地，故A项正确。
7．What would Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text?
A．Go shopping for gifts.
B．Study foreign cultures.
C．Relax and enjoy herself.
D．Chat with her relatives.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”可知，这位郭姓游客认为现在她的旅游目的是放松和享受而不是购物或为亲人挑选礼物；据此可知，她在旅游期间会放松和享受。
8．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A guide book. B．A newspaper.
C．A scientific magazine. D．An advertisement.
B 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章第一段的第一句为文章主题句；结合下文内容可知，文章属于新闻报道，符合新闻报道文体的结构特征：先写明报道主题，接着分析原因。故B项正确。
专题强化训练9 细节理解题——直接/间接信息理解类[学生用书P93(单独成册)]
A
(2017·安徽重点高中高三二模)
Five Must－visit Alternative Movie Theaters in Houston
Wortham Giant Screen Theater—Journey to Yellowstone, Kenya, or even the Triassic period at the Wortham Giant Screen Theater, located inside the Houston Museum of Natural Science. Far from a fossil, the 394－seat theater features a large screen with 4K resolution and a six－track sound system, the perfect tools to bring its 3D attractions to life.
Brown Auditorium Theater—Add variety to your cinematic diet at Brown Auditorium Theater, inside the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. Brown Auditorium Theater was designed in 1974 by famous architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and updated in 2000. The theater screens both classic and modern films as well as world cinema and documentaries.
River Oaks Theater—Enjoy dinner and a movie in style at the River Oaks Theater, Houston’s typical movie theater located inside the fashionable River Oaks Shopping Center. Spring for extra cost－plus seating to settle into a leather recliner(躺椅) and receive push－of－a－button food and drink service. Showings typically include contemporary documentaries and fiction films and, naturally, the traditional midnight showing of The Rocky Horror Picture Show.
Sundance Cinemas Houston—Book your tickets in advance for the easily reserved seating movie theater Sundance Cinemas Houston. The METRORail－nearby downtown theater keeps independent films on deck, but doesn’t mind showing the latest great blockbuster(大片). And its on－site cafe serves up pizza, popcorn and more.
Showboat Drive－in Theater—Park the car at the Showboat Drive－in Theater in Hockley where “it’s not just a movie...it’s an experience！” For a small price, families, friends, and lovers alike get snacks, souvenirs, and a double feature of the newest releases.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了休斯敦五家另类剧院。
1．What’s the Wortham Giant Screen Theater unique for?
A．The latest films.
B．Advanced equipment.
C．A long history.
D．Easy reach.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据Wortham Giant Screen Theater部分中的“the 394－seat theater features a large screen with 4K resolution and a six－track sound system”可知该剧院设有一个大屏幕，其具有4K分辨率和一个六声道音响系统，故选B。
2．What can you experience in the River Oaks Theater?
A．Drive your car in.
B．Buy friends gifts.
C．See cultural films.
D．Enjoy convenient food service.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据River Oaks Theater部分中的“seating to settle into a leather recliner(躺椅) and receive push－of－a－button food and drink service”可知在该剧院可享受到便捷的饮食服务，故选D。
3．Which cinema is located in the city center?
A．Sundance Cinemas Houston.
B．Brown Auditorium Theater.
C．River Oaks Theater.
D．Showboat Drive－in Theater.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据Sundance Cinemas Houston部分中的“The METRORail－nearby downtown theater...”可知该剧院位于市中心轻轨旁，故选A。
B
(2017·济南模拟)A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses three－dimensional(3－D) printing to recreate famous paintings so they can be touched.
One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s “The Kiss”. It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman.
Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3－D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple’s robes are so detailed.
Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details.”Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looks like when she touched the reproduction. “It’s somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places it’s so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too！” Raditsch said.
The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3－D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3－D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。
4．What is “The Kiss”？
A．A European Union project.
B．A popular painting.
C．A 3－D technology.
D．A famous museum.
B 解析：细节理解题。从文章第二段的“One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s ‘The Kiss’. It is a popular attraction...”可知，《吻》是一幅深受大家欢迎的画作。故选B项。
5．Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish?
A．The painting was reproduced detailedly.
B．The original artwork was made in 1908.
C．Blind art fans can’t download the source.
D．The 3－D technology is not available.
A 解析：细节理解题。从文章第三段的最后一句“He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple’s robes are so detailed.”可知，Andreas Reichinger说《吻》是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选A项。B项“原画作制作于1908年”和C项“视障的艺术粉丝们不能下载资源”与该题的要求不符；D项错在“not available”，与文章第三段中的“started making 3－D versions of artwork in 2010”不符。
6．How did Raditsch feel when she first touched the reproduction?
A．Awkward. B．Puzzled.
C．Excited. D．Nervous.
C 解析：推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“You can feel it. You can feel it.”可以推测出Raditsch“激动的”心情。故选C项。
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．A European Union Program for Museum Visitors
B．3－D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous Paintings
C．How to Reproduce the World－famous Paintings
D．A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna, Austria
B 解析：标题归纳题。从文章第一段的内容可以看出，用3D打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选B项。A项错在“Museum Visitors”太宽泛；C项“如何复制世界名画”只是文章的一部分，不全面；D项没有突出“3－D printing”和“blind fans”，故排除。
C
(2017·四川绵阳第二次诊断)He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas City，Mo.But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A．G.Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday—when he was named deputy publishers—was not an article and was not published in The Times, but was all about The Times.
That work came to be known as the “innovation(创新) report”，which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes.
In a conversation in his office on Wednesday, Mr. Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report—and the thinking that led to his conclusions—as “a wakeup call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”．
“It was always easy to see how change will endanger the traditions of the place，” he said，“but what became really clear to me was that not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place.”
Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role, Mr.Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing.Still，his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence.Besides，in the newsroom or out on an assignment，Mr.Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times’ owners.“I recognized the name，”said Vincent Bova，a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr. Sulzberger wrote in 2010.“I mean, I knew I was dealing with royalty.There was no reason for me to bring that up with him, and he didn’t.” So Mr.Sulzberger，in some way，has qualified himself for the position since long time ago.
[解题导语] 本文介绍了《纽约时报》的出版人苏兹贝格，不管是他的工作能力还是创新能力，都得到了大家的认可。
8．A.G.Sulzberger wrote the “innovation report” mainly to __________．
A．urge revolutions in The Times
B．gain the position of deputy publisher
C．promote changes in New York City
D．show directions to his family future
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段．..which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896...可知，苏兹贝格写的报道被称为“创新报道”，这篇报道全力关注报纸数字化未来的重要性，由此可推断出，他的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行创新。故选A项。
9．What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr.Sulzberger?
A．Scientific developments.
B．Rapid social changes.
C．Their own stubbornness.
D．Decreasing readers.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，苏兹贝格认为对传统媒体来说最大的威胁就是一成不变，也就是C项中的stubbornness。故选C项。
10．How does the author show us what Mr.Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph?
A．By comparing him with others.
B．By interviewing him in person.
C．By giving examples of his routines.
D．By quoting comments from others.
D 解析：推理判断题。最后一段中引用一位视频编辑文森特·博瓦所说的话，描述了苏兹贝格是什么样的人，由此可以推断出，作者是通过引用别人的评论来介绍苏兹贝格的。故选D项。
11．What does the author think of Mr.Sulzberger according to the passage?
A．Casual. B．Objective.
C．Admirable. D．Critical.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句So Mr. Sulzberger, in some way, has qualified himself for the position since long time ago.可知，在某种程度上，苏兹贝格从很久前就有资格担任这个职位。由此可推断，作者认为苏兹贝格是令人钦佩的，故选C项。
专题强化训练10 细节理解题——数字计算类/正误判断类[学生用书P95(单独成册)]
A
(2017·西宁检测)If you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.
In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father who was the main source of support for the family. Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother. For the sake of taking care of him, his younger brother became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes, he was completely unable to do anything in his life.
As the two brothers grew up together, they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to leave, living his own life, as many normal people do. So he was heart－broken and didn’t know what to do.
A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night, her mother who suffered from chronic mental illness disappeared. Her father went out to look for her mother, leaving her alone at home. She tried to prepare meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove, resulting in a fire which took her hands away.
Though her elder sister who was studying in another city showed her willingness to take care of her, she was determined to be completely independent. At school, she always studied hard. Most of all she learned to be self－reliant.
One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own, whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My younger brother’s arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。
1．What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the author’s opinion?
A．Trying to find an escape from it.
B．Facing it bravely with a positive mind.
C．Asking for help from your relatives.
D．Ignoring it and living a normal life.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。
2．After the accident, the boy____________．
A．decided to live with his brother
B．learnt to do things with his toes
C．made a living all by himself
D．depended wholly on his brother
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。
3．Which of the following is TRUE of the girl?
A．She lost her mother in an accident.
B．Her sister took good care of her.
C．She was optimistic and full of courage.
D．She led a poor life with her father.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故C项正确。
4．What did the girl mean by “Broken wings, flying heart.”？
A．Never give up hopes in face of hardship.
B．It’s not easy for her to live a normal life.
C．If a bird loses its wings, it can not fly.
D．If you lose your hands, your life will be hard.
A 解析：句意理解题。“Broken wings, flying heart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双翼，心仍飞翔。”；结合最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望”，故A项正确。
B
(2017·长沙二模)The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.
Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering(爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.
“In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to(屈从于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher.
“As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang.
“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings. On New Year’s Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei.
[解题导语] 本文主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。
5．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A．Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years.
B．Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival.
C．People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits.
D．In the past, setting off fireworks couldn’t be seen almost anywhere.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。
6．What Li Shunzhi said implies________．
A．what people do during the festival now is different from the past
B．people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve
C．people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest
D．the New Year holiday is just like any other day
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。
7．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival.
B．Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family.
C．Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival.
D．Zhang Hui lives in the urban area.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside.”和“Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张辉习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。
8．What does the whole passage show?
A．The Spring Festival is as lively as before.
B．The Spring Festival is outdated now.
C．The Spring Festival is losing its qualities.
D．The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象，故选C。
C
(2017·东北三校二模)
Hong Kong Biking Tour
Hong Kong Biking Tour includes a visit to an age－old walled village, a mysterious tree house and a world－class bird reserve. You will cycle to the south of the Mai Po Reserve, where thousands of migratory birds spend the winter. Then it is on to Yuen Long Restaurant for lunch. The full version of the tour continues through more wetlands around Deep Bay and the Lau Fan Shah fishing village. The day concludes with an optional two or three hours’ visit to the Hong Kong Wetland Park.
Frequency Every Wednesday and Saturday from January
2017 to August 2017
Time/Duration 9 a．m. to 2 p．m./5 p．m. (5－8 hours) for full version
9 a．m. to noon (3 hours) for short version
Language English (French/Spanish/Chinese on request)
Tour Price HK $700 (full version) per person
HK $550 (short version) per person
(minimum 4 people)
Cycling Time Approx. 4 hours
Cycling Distance 28 km maximum
Difficulty Easy
Enquiries ＋85224549191.
bikehongkongmountainbikingasia. com
[解题导语] 本文是一则广告。作者向我们介绍了关于香港的骑行之旅的一些信息。
9．You can choose to go on this biking tour on________．
A．Thur, August 10, 2017
B．Tues, April 11, 2017
C．Wed, September 6, 2017
D．Sat, February 18, 2017
D 解析：细节理解题。根据Frequency部分的“Every Wednesday and Saturday from January 2017 to August 2017”可知，四个选项中只有D项在时间范围内。故选D项。
10．If four adults go on the biking tour, they will pay at least________in total.
A．HK $2，200 B．HK $2，800
C．HK $700 D．HK $550
A 解析：推理判断题。根据Tour Price部分中的“HK $ 550 (short version) per person (minimum 4 people)”可知，四个成人去旅行至少花费$ 550×4＝$ 2 200。故选A项。
11．Who will most probably sign up for the tour?
A．A young couple who are fond of fashion.
B．An old man who likes fishing and hunting.
C．A college student who is fascinated by nature.
D．A high school girl who is interested in transportation.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据Hong Kong Biking Tour includes a visit to an age－old walled village, a mysterious tree house and a world－class bird reserve.(第一段第一句)关键句可推知，香港骑行之旅倾向于走进大自然；再结合文中“28 km maximum”可知，骑行之旅较适合体力好的人。故那些对大自然着迷的大学生最可能报名参加。故选C项。
第一讲 细节理解题
题型1 直接信息理解类
[示例] (2017·全国卷Ⅰ，A)
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store
Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.
21．Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A．In Building 1.
B．In Building 3.
C．At the Laser Dome.
D．At the Denny Way entrance.
[解题思路]
第一步 确定题干中的关键词
本题题干的关键词是：Where；souvenir；Pacific__Science__Center
第二步 根据关键词定位信息句
本题信息句是：to__pick__up__a__wonderful__science__activity__or__souvenir__to__remember__your__visit.__The__store__is__located(位于)__upstairs__in__Building__3
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
特殊疑问句形式表达：以when, where, what, which, who, how等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．“定位比对”判细节
(1)从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，题干中的人名、地名、大写字母、时间、数字等都是命题首选的关键词，有利于迅速、准确地定位信息句。
(2)以关键词为线索，运用略读、跳读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关。
(3)仔细推敲，认真比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。
题型2 间接信息理解类
[示例] (2017·浙江卷，B)How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest; most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school－age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10－ to 12－year－olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.
26．How many hours of sleep do 11－year－olds need every day?
A．7 hours. B．8 hours.
C．10 hours. D．18 hours.
[解题思路]
第一步 确定题干中的关键词
本题题干的关键词是：How__many;__11－year－olds
第二步 根据关键词定位信息句
本题的信息句是：For__most__school－age__children,__ten__hours__is__ideal(理想的)．
第三步 对比信息句和选项，得出答案
根据信息句可知，对于上学年龄的孩子来说，睡眠十个小时是最理想的。11－year－olds属于school－age children。
尝试解答 ____C____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)According to the author/passage...
(2)The reason...，is that...
(3)From...，we can learn...
(4)Researchers have found that...
2．“同义互释”定选项
间接理解题答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。考生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别，也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。
3．搞清正确选项特征
(1)关键词替换：对原句的关键词进行同义替换；
(2)词性或语态变化：对原句中关键词进行词性变化或对原句进行主被动变化；
(3)语言简化：把原文中的复杂语言进行简化；
(4)正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达。
题型3 数字计算类
[示例] (2015·四川卷，C)Across Britain，burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers.But，according to a new study，we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.
Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work.Now，the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours，they would earn as much as ￡172，000 a year.
The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income ￡30，000 more than the Prime Minister earns.
...
38．How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?
A．￡30，000. B．￡142，000.
C．￡172，000. D．￡202，000.
[解题思路]
第一步 确定题干中的关键词
本题题干的关键词是：mother;__the__Prime__Minister
第二步 根据关键词定位信息句
本题的信息句是：①Now,__the__new__study__has__shown__that__if__they__were__paid__for__their__parental__labours,__they__would__earn__as__much__as__￡172，000__a__year.
②This__would__make__their__yearly__income__￡30，000__more__than__the__Prime__Minister__earns.
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
特殊疑问句形式表达：以when, in which year, how many/much等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．“列表推算”得数据
此类问题解决的关键是要弄清各数据之间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法。
(1)先阅读题干，然后带着题干中的关键词去读文章。在阅读过程中，对数字、时间、年代等词进行标记，以便读完文章后进行相应的计算。
(2)简单的数据可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基础，进行简单的运算。
(3)数据较多的文章，通常采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。
题型4 正误判断类
[示例] (2016·四川卷，D)A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.
Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.
The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.
Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.
Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.
While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.
Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.
Milk is also sugarfree and additivefree with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
33．Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?
A．It’s been tested on mice for ten times.
B．It can make people more energetic.
C．It exists in milk in great amount.
D．It’s used in sleeping drugs.
[解题思路]
第一步 根据关键词找出相关信息句
A：Those__given__night__milk,__which__contained__10__times__the__amount__of__melatonin,__were__less__active__and__less__anxious__than__those__fed__with__the__milk__collected__during__daytime...
B：Researchers__have__discovered__that“night__milk”__contains__more__melatonin(褪黑激素),__which__has__been__proven__to__help__people__feel__sleepy__and__reduce__anxiety.
C：Researchers__have__discovered__that“night__milk”__contains__more__melatonin...
D：...__taking__melatonin__drugs__has__been__suggested__to__those__who__are__struggling__to__fall__asleep__at__night.
第二步 对比选项与信息句，逐项击破
A项与信息句毫无关联；B项与信息句意思相反；C项范围扩大化；D项与信息句符合。
尝试解答 ____D____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)Which of the following is TRUE/WRONG according to the passage?
(2)Which of the following is NOT true according to...?
2．“去伪存真”辨是非
(1)速览题目所提供的四个选项。
(2)若各选项围绕同一内容展开，则要注意找出各选项之间的差别，再带着问题去原文中核实文章的实际内容。
(3)若各个选项陈述的内容不一致，则要根据题干或选项中提供的线索回读原文，逐个找到相关句，最后确定答案。
(4)表达“绝对化”的选项一般不是正确答案。
[状元技法]
“火眼金睛”识别干扰项 解答细节理解题
1．扩缩范围：通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息中的范围、程序等加以扩大或缩小，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误的。
2．无中生有：干扰项与所阅读的文章内容没有任何联系。
3．偷梁换柱：干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的单词，但句意已发生改变。
4．张冠李戴：把文中两个不同的概念、人物或观点进行错位拼接。
,[学生用书P44] )
A
(2017·河北石家庄高三质检)Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year，traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely.
One citizen，however，is trying to change this.“You get on the Tube and it’s completely silent and it’s weird，” says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章)with the words “Tube chat？” last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another.“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting most of them to be thrown away，but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed，”he says.Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K.，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances.
Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback，not everyone agrees with his idea.Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own，handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it” on them. Michael Robinson，24，a student from London，agrees.“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you，” he says.
“People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I don’t，but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，” Dunne says.
So if you ever end up using public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you？Just make sure to check for a badge first.
[解题导语] 每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多，可是人们仍然感到孤独；为此Jonathan Dunne发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动，此举引起了世界媒体的关注。尽管如此，人们对此仍有不同的态度。
1．How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other?
A．By putting up posters on the Tube.
B．By advocating his idea on the media.
C．By offering passengers special badges.
D．By starting a dialogue with passengers.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章)with the words‘Tube chat？’”可知，Dunne给乘客们分发写着“Tube chat？”的徽章来鼓励乘客聊天，故C项正确。
2．How is Dunne’s campaign getting along?
A．It has caught international attention.
B．It has become a worldwide campaign.
C．Most passengers have refused to accept it.
D．Wilson has made great efforts to promote it.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘Tube chat’campaign have since been reported by media across the world, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K., as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances”可知，Dunne和他的“Tube chat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注，故A项正确。
3．According to Michael Robinson，what should Tube passengers do?
A．Hand in their feedback in time.
B．Walk up and talk to strangers.
C．Stop using public transport.
D．Enjoy the peace quietly.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you”可知，Michael Robinson认为乘伦敦地铁是人们上下班时享受安静的时刻，而不是交谈的时刻，故D项正确。
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Tube Chat or Not
B．Lonely Travel in the London Tube
C．Silence on the Tube
D．Tube Passengers Wearing Badges
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第二段介绍Dunne和他的“Tube chat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注；第三段介绍一些人持不同的观点；最后一段建议如果要跟陌生人打招呼，先看看他有没有徽章。据此可以判断，文章主要介绍了人们对于是否在伦敦地铁相互交谈持不同的观点，故A项最能概括文意。
B
(2017·贵州普通高中招生适应性考试)A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the sevenday Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration. That is an increase of 7 percent compared with last year’s Spring Festival. About 374，000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.
The administration also reported growth from individual and highend(高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets. With many Chinese now traveling abroad for Spring Festival, their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.
“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services, including staying in private homes, appreciating plants and watching monkeys in hot springs，” Li Xuejing, the agency’s marketing manager, said.
A Chinese tourist surnamed Guo, who was vacationing on an island in the Philippines, said：“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”
Another choice is Britain. Though the devaluation(货币贬值) of the pound is a factor, Britain’s rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇新闻报道。国家旅游局统计，在今年春节期间去海外旅游的游客人数比去年同期有所上涨。文章分析了产生这一现象的原因。
5．How many trips were made to foreign countries during the Golden Week of this Spring Festival holiday?
A．6，150，000. B．2，500，000.
C．7，000，000. D．374，000.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句：“A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the sevenday Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Thursday, according to the China National Tourism Administration.”可知，在春节黄金周期间，中国大陆赴海外旅游的人次达到6 150 000，故A项正确。
6．What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?
A．They’re reported to have become important attractions.
B．They’re famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys.
C．They have the best hot spring in the world.
D．They belong to coastal source markets.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities—such as those in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region—became important source markets”可知，广西壮族自治区的许多城市也成了重要的旅游地，故A项正确。
7．What would Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text?
A．Go shopping for gifts.
B．Study foreign cultures.
C．Relax and enjoy herself.
D．Chat with her relatives.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”可知，这位郭姓游客认为现在她的旅游目的是放松和享受而不是购物或为亲人挑选礼物；据此可知，她在旅游期间会放松和享受。
8．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A guide book. B．A newspaper.
C．A scientific magazine. D．An advertisement.
B 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章第一段的第一句为文章主题句；结合下文内容可知，文章属于新闻报道，符合新闻报道文体的结构特征：先写明报道主题，接着分析原因。故B项正确。
专题强化训练9 细节理解题——直接/间接信息理解类[学生用书P93(单独成册)]
A
(2017·安徽重点高中高三二模)
Five Must－visit Alternative Movie Theaters in Houston
Wortham Giant Screen Theater—Journey to Yellowstone, Kenya, or even the Triassic period at the Wortham Giant Screen Theater, located inside the Houston Museum of Natural Science. Far from a fossil, the 394－seat theater features a large screen with 4K resolution and a six－track sound system, the perfect tools to bring its 3D attractions to life.
Brown Auditorium Theater—Add variety to your cinematic diet at Brown Auditorium Theater, inside the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. Brown Auditorium Theater was designed in 1974 by famous architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and updated in 2000. The theater screens both classic and modern films as well as world cinema and documentaries.
River Oaks Theater—Enjoy dinner and a movie in style at the River Oaks Theater, Houston’s typical movie theater located inside the fashionable River Oaks Shopping Center. Spring for extra cost－plus seating to settle into a leather recliner(躺椅) and receive push－of－a－button food and drink service. Showings typically include contemporary documentaries and fiction films and, naturally, the traditional midnight showing of The Rocky Horror Picture Show.
Sundance Cinemas Houston—Book your tickets in advance for the easily reserved seating movie theater Sundance Cinemas Houston. The METRORail－nearby downtown theater keeps independent films on deck, but doesn’t mind showing the latest great blockbuster(大片). And its on－site cafe serves up pizza, popcorn and more.
Showboat Drive－in Theater—Park the car at the Showboat Drive－in Theater in Hockley where “it’s not just a movie...it’s an experience！” For a small price, families, friends, and lovers alike get snacks, souvenirs, and a double feature of the newest releases.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了休斯敦五家另类剧院。
1．What’s the Wortham Giant Screen Theater unique for?
A．The latest films.
B．Advanced equipment.
C．A long history.
D．Easy reach.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据Wortham Giant Screen Theater部分中的“the 394－seat theater features a large screen with 4K resolution and a six－track sound system”可知该剧院设有一个大屏幕，其具有4K分辨率和一个六声道音响系统，故选B。
2．What can you experience in the River Oaks Theater?
A．Drive your car in.
B．Buy friends gifts.
C．See cultural films.
D．Enjoy convenient food service.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据River Oaks Theater部分中的“seating to settle into a leather recliner(躺椅) and receive push－of－a－button food and drink service”可知在该剧院可享受到便捷的饮食服务，故选D。
3．Which cinema is located in the city center?
A．Sundance Cinemas Houston.
B．Brown Auditorium Theater.
C．River Oaks Theater.
D．Showboat Drive－in Theater.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据Sundance Cinemas Houston部分中的“The METRORail－nearby downtown theater...”可知该剧院位于市中心轻轨旁，故选A。
B
(2017·济南模拟)A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses three－dimensional(3－D) printing to recreate famous paintings so they can be touched.
One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s “The Kiss”. It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman.
Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3－D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple’s robes are so detailed.
Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details.”Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looks like when she touched the reproduction. “It’s somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places it’s so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too！” Raditsch said.
The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3－D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3－D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。
4．What is “The Kiss”？
A．A European Union project.
B．A popular painting.
C．A 3－D technology.
D．A famous museum.
B 解析：细节理解题。从文章第二段的“One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt’s ‘The Kiss’. It is a popular attraction...”可知，《吻》是一幅深受大家欢迎的画作。故选B项。
5．Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish?
A．The painting was reproduced detailedly.
B．The original artwork was made in 1908.
C．Blind art fans can’t download the source.
D．The 3－D technology is not available.
A 解析：细节理解题。从文章第三段的最后一句“He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple’s robes are so detailed.”可知，Andreas Reichinger说《吻》是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选A项。B项“原画作制作于1908年”和C项“视障的艺术粉丝们不能下载资源”与该题的要求不符；D项错在“not available”，与文章第三段中的“started making 3－D versions of artwork in 2010”不符。
6．How did Raditsch feel when she first touched the reproduction?
A．Awkward. B．Puzzled.
C．Excited. D．Nervous.
C 解析：推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“You can feel it. You can feel it.”可以推测出Raditsch“激动的”心情。故选C项。
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．A European Union Program for Museum Visitors
B．3－D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous Paintings
C．How to Reproduce the World－famous Paintings
D．A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna, Austria
B 解析：标题归纳题。从文章第一段的内容可以看出，用3D打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选B项。A项错在“Museum Visitors”太宽泛；C项“如何复制世界名画”只是文章的一部分，不全面；D项没有突出“3－D printing”和“blind fans”，故排除。
C
(2017·四川绵阳第二次诊断)He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas City，Mo.But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A．G.Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday—when he was named deputy publishers—was not an article and was not published in The Times, but was all about The Times.
That work came to be known as the “innovation(创新) report”，which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes.
In a conversation in his office on Wednesday, Mr. Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report—and the thinking that led to his conclusions—as “a wakeup call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”．
“It was always easy to see how change will endanger the traditions of the place，” he said，“but what became really clear to me was that not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place.”
Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role, Mr.Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing.Still，his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence.Besides，in the newsroom or out on an assignment，Mr.Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times’ owners.“I recognized the name，”said Vincent Bova，a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr. Sulzberger wrote in 2010.“I mean, I knew I was dealing with royalty.There was no reason for me to bring that up with him, and he didn’t.” So Mr.Sulzberger，in some way，has qualified himself for the position since long time ago.
[解题导语] 本文介绍了《纽约时报》的出版人苏兹贝格，不管是他的工作能力还是创新能力，都得到了大家的认可。
8．A.G.Sulzberger wrote the “innovation report” mainly to __________．
A．urge revolutions in The Times
B．gain the position of deputy publisher
C．promote changes in New York City
D．show directions to his family future
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段．..which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896...可知，苏兹贝格写的报道被称为“创新报道”，这篇报道全力关注报纸数字化未来的重要性，由此可推断出，他的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行创新。故选A项。
9．What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr.Sulzberger?
A．Scientific developments.
B．Rapid social changes.
C．Their own stubbornness.
D．Decreasing readers.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，苏兹贝格认为对传统媒体来说最大的威胁就是一成不变，也就是C项中的stubbornness。故选C项。
10．How does the author show us what Mr.Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph?
A．By comparing him with others.
B．By interviewing him in person.
C．By giving examples of his routines.
D．By quoting comments from others.
D 解析：推理判断题。最后一段中引用一位视频编辑文森特·博瓦所说的话，描述了苏兹贝格是什么样的人，由此可以推断出，作者是通过引用别人的评论来介绍苏兹贝格的。故选D项。
11．What does the author think of Mr.Sulzberger according to the passage?
A．Casual. B．Objective.
C．Admirable. D．Critical.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句So Mr. Sulzberger, in some way, has qualified himself for the position since long time ago.可知，在某种程度上，苏兹贝格从很久前就有资格担任这个职位。由此可推断，作者认为苏兹贝格是令人钦佩的，故选C项。
专题强化训练10 细节理解题——数字计算类/正误判断类[学生用书P95(单独成册)]
A
(2017·西宁检测)If you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.
In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father who was the main source of support for the family. Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother. For the sake of taking care of him, his younger brother became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes, he was completely unable to do anything in his life.
As the two brothers grew up together, they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to leave, living his own life, as many normal people do. So he was heart－broken and didn’t know what to do.
A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night, her mother who suffered from chronic mental illness disappeared. Her father went out to look for her mother, leaving her alone at home. She tried to prepare meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove, resulting in a fire which took her hands away.
Though her elder sister who was studying in another city showed her willingness to take care of her, she was determined to be completely independent. At school, she always studied hard. Most of all she learned to be self－reliant.
One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own, whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My younger brother’s arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。
1．What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the author’s opinion?
A．Trying to find an escape from it.
B．Facing it bravely with a positive mind.
C．Asking for help from your relatives.
D．Ignoring it and living a normal life.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。
2．After the accident, the boy____________．
A．decided to live with his brother
B．learnt to do things with his toes
C．made a living all by himself
D．depended wholly on his brother
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。
3．Which of the following is TRUE of the girl?
A．She lost her mother in an accident.
B．Her sister took good care of her.
C．She was optimistic and full of courage.
D．She led a poor life with her father.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故C项正确。
4．What did the girl mean by “Broken wings, flying heart.”？
A．Never give up hopes in face of hardship.
B．It’s not easy for her to live a normal life.
C．If a bird loses its wings, it can not fly.
D．If you lose your hands, your life will be hard.
A 解析：句意理解题。“Broken wings, flying heart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双翼，心仍飞翔。”；结合最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望”，故A项正确。
B
(2017·长沙二模)The old Chinese saying “as happy as spending the New Year” might be outdated now in the busy modern world. The Spring Festival is regarded as the most important festival for Chinese people and an occasion for all family members to get together, like Christmas in the West. But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.
Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival. People thought the sputtering(爆裂) sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, the activity has been completely or partially forbidden in big cities for years as the government has taken security, noise and pollution factors into consideration.
“In recent years, some cities have begun to allow people to light fireworks during limited hours at the Spring Festival, surrendering to(屈从于) public demand. Respecting folk traditions is a gesture of respect toward public opinion，” said Zhou Xing, a folklore researcher.
“As people gain more income and it becomes easier to buy daily goods, the New Year holiday is just like any other. After long workdays, many people use the New Year holiday to take a rest, rather than visiting friends and neighbors. The process of making and enjoying the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve is the most important thing. However, many families would like to eat out to save time and energy，” said Li Shunzhi, a resident of Harbin, Heilongjiang.
“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside. My family has been preparing for the Spring Festival more than two weeks before the holiday, cleaning the house, buying holiday goods and decorating the house with paper cuttings. On New Year’s Eve, the whole family stays up to see the New Year in, and in the days to follow, a series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held. Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us，” said Zhang Hui, from Hebei.
[解题导语] 本文主要介绍了中国春节的传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们的不同观点。
5．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A．Setting off fireworks has been forbidden in some big cities for years.
B．Nowadays, people can light fireworks in some cities at the Spring Festival.
C．People believe that the sound of fireworks can drive away evil spirits.
D．In the past, setting off fireworks couldn’t be seen almost anywhere.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“Setting off fireworks was once the most typical custom of the Spring Festival.”可知，过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗，应该到处可见，故选D。
6．What Li Shunzhi said implies________．
A．what people do during the festival now is different from the past
B．people would like to have the family dinner on Spring Festival Eve
C．people prefer to visit friends and neighbors rather than take a rest
D．the New Year holiday is just like any other day
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。
7．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Zhang Hui often spends two weeks preparing for the Spring Festival.
B．Zhang Hui is used to spending the Spring Festival with his family.
C．Zhang Hui always takes part in a series of activities after the Spring Festival.
D．Zhang Hui lives in the urban area.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I enjoy the holidays very much in the countryside.”和“Without the ancient traditions, the holiday is nothing to us”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张辉习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。
8．What does the whole passage show?
A．The Spring Festival is as lively as before.
B．The Spring Festival is outdated now.
C．The Spring Festival is losing its qualities.
D．The Spring Festival in China is more important than Christmas in the West.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“But many traditional customs accompanying the Spring Festival, however, have weakened in practice.”，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述了中国春节逐渐失去年味这一现象，故选C。
C
(2017·东北三校二模)
Hong Kong Biking Tour
Hong Kong Biking Tour includes a visit to an age－old walled village, a mysterious tree house and a world－class bird reserve. You will cycle to the south of the Mai Po Reserve, where thousands of migratory birds spend the winter. Then it is on to Yuen Long Restaurant for lunch. The full version of the tour continues through more wetlands around Deep Bay and the Lau Fan Shah fishing village. The day concludes with an optional two or three hours’ visit to the Hong Kong Wetland Park.
Frequency Every Wednesday and Saturday from January
2017 to August 2017
Time/Duration 9 a．m. to 2 p．m./5 p．m. (5－8 hours) for full version
9 a．m. to noon (3 hours) for short version
Language English (French/Spanish/Chinese on request)
Tour Price HK $700 (full version) per person
HK $550 (short version) per person
(minimum 4 people)
Cycling Time Approx. 4 hours
Cycling Distance 28 km maximum
Difficulty Easy
Enquiries ＋85224549191.
bikehongkongmountainbikingasia. com
[解题导语] 本文是一则广告。作者向我们介绍了关于香港的骑行之旅的一些信息。
9．You can choose to go on this biking tour on________．
A．Thur, August 10, 2017
B．Tues, April 11, 2017
C．Wed, September 6, 2017
D．Sat, February 18, 2017
D 解析：细节理解题。根据Frequency部分的“Every Wednesday and Saturday from January 2017 to August 2017”可知，四个选项中只有D项在时间范围内。故选D项。
10．If four adults go on the biking tour, they will pay at least________in total.
A．HK $2，200 B．HK $2，800
C．HK $700 D．HK $550
A 解析：推理判断题。根据Tour Price部分中的“HK $ 550 (short version) per person (minimum 4 people)”可知，四个成人去旅行至少花费$ 550×4＝$ 2 200。故选A项。
11．Who will most probably sign up for the tour?
A．A young couple who are fond of fashion.
B．An old man who likes fishing and hunting.
C．A college student who is fascinated by nature.
D．A high school girl who is interested in transportation.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据Hong Kong Biking Tour includes a visit to an age－old walled village, a mysterious tree house and a world－class bird reserve.(第一段第一句)关键句可推知，香港骑行之旅倾向于走进大自然；再结合文中“28 km maximum”可知，骑行之旅较适合体力好的人。故那些对大自然着迷的大学生最可能报名参加。故选C项。
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