高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点12--推理判断之描述人物、事件特征（技巧梳理）

这是一份高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点12--推理判断之描述人物、事件特征（技巧梳理），文件包含考点12--推理判断之描述人物事件特征技巧梳理教师版docx、考点12--推理判断之描述人物事件特征技巧梳理学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共38页， 欢迎下载使用。

一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
1、时间的把控。 2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
词汇背诵是高考备考非常重要的一环，同学们要及早动手。在第一轮复习的时候，至少要过词意关。
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
考点12--推理判断之描述人物、事件特征--讲考点--胸有成竹
【2022年推理判断之描述人物、事件特征考点归纳】
【2023年高考命题预测】
描述人物、事件特征考点是高考中的常考点。一篇记叙文中总说有一些人物出现，描述人物的性质特征以及人物对事件的看法是命题者常出话题。预测在2023高考中，描述人物、事件特征题可能会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【推理判断之描述人物、事件特征考点指南】
段落大意题常考问题：
1．Which f the fllwing best
2．Accrding t the text, which wrds can best describe
3.Which f the fllwing best describe accrding t Paragraph
4.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
5.What did the authr think f
【高考命题思路和方法】考点
题型
推理判断之描述人物、事件特征
阅读理解
2022
试卷类型
设问
考点
2022·新高考全国II
What des the authr think f himself?
描述人物
2020
2020年，天津卷，第二次高考
Hw did President Lincln first respnd t Vinnie’s request?
描述人物
2020年，新高考全国Ⅰ卷
Which f the fllwing best describes Mr Bissell's rad trip in Uzbekistan?
描述事件
2020年1月，浙江卷
2020年1月，浙江卷
描述人物
2018
2018年3月，天津卷
Mrs. Watsn’s eyes (Para. 10) suggested that she was ______.
描述人物
高考阅读理解中常有描述人物特点的阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对人物的事迹、语言、心理等进行描述，进而让考生推测人物的性格特征。
【备考实战方法】
把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。
【描写人物特征的形容词】
generus慷慨的；brave勇敢的；demanding要求高的; 苛求的; 需要高技能(或耐性等)的; 费力的; 要求极严的; 难满足的；impatient不耐烦的； utging外向的；easy-ging随和的；rganized有条理的；mdest谦虚的；ptimistic乐观的；cautius小心，谨慎的；caring乐于助人的; 关心他人的; 体贴人的； skillful熟练的; 灵巧的; 擅长于 (at; in); 制作精巧的；respnsible负责任的； determined有决心的；mdest谦虚的；creative有创造力的；ambitius有雄心的；adventurus冒险的；cperative 有合作意识的；hnest诚实的；capable adj. 有能力的,有才能的；cnfident adj.自信的；diligent adj.勤奋的；vluntary adj.自愿的,主动的；energetic adj. 精力旺盛的；humrus adj.幽默的；enthusiastic adj.热情的；experienced adj.有经验的；intelligent聪明的; 智能的; 有才智的; 悟性强的; 有智力的; 有理解和学习能力的；grateful感激的；helpful有帮助的；talkative健谈的；athletic运动型; 体育运动的; 健壮的；patient有耐心的；innvative创新的；tlerant忍受的；psitive 积极的；cmmitted坚信的; 尽心尽力的; 坚定的；cnsiderate 体贴的；ashamed惭愧的; regretful后悔的；disappinted失望的；amazed吃惊的；satisfied满意的；disappinted失望的；shcked震惊的；verjyed过度高兴的；pleased满意的；indifferent冷漠的；srrwful悲伤的；sympathetic同情的；hardwrking勤劳的；embarrassed尴尬的；prud自豪的；energetic充满活力的；curageus勇敢的; 无畏的；independent独立的；sensitive敏感的。
考例分析：
【典例1】【新疆昌吉学联体2021-2022学年高三下学期第三次高考适应性联考】
On January 9, 2022, it was anther cld mrning. Temperatures reached lws f 17. 6 °F (-8℃). Dusti Talavera, a husewife in the suth suburbs f Denver, was washing dishes in her kitchen when she witnessed a frightening scene utside her kitchen windw. Glancing ut her kitchen windw, she nticed a grup f yung children playing n an icy pnd. Mments later, the children fell thrugh the ice.
Dusti’s heart raced as she saw the children fall thrugh the ice, and she immediately grabbed her shes t run utside. Submerged（淹没）in the freezing water, the children had lst the strength t stay abve the surface. Their fingers were nly visible as they desperately tried t grab nt the edges f the ice.
Withut hesitatin, Dusti placed her wn life at risk by stepping n the thin, unstable ice t try t reach the three children. As she reached her hands ut t grab them, she als brke the ice and fell int the 15-ft deep pnd.
Dusti was first able t reach and pull ut the 4-year-ld girl and 11-year-ld by. She struggled t reach the last child, a 6-year-ld girl. After hearing the lud screams fr help, the yung girl’s 16-year-ld cusin suddenly arrived n scene. He threw Dusti a rpe, which she used t drag herself and the yung girl ut f the water.
All three children were pulled ut f the icy water as first respnders arrived n scene. The 6-year-ld girl was nt breathing and had n pulse after being submerged in the icy water fr tw minutes. First respnders perfrmed life-saving CPR. Once the girl was able t breathe n her wn, the EMTs (emergency medical technicians) rushed her t the hspital.
5．Which f the fllwing best describes Dusti?
A．Generus.B．Brave.
C．Demanding.D．Impatient.
【文章内容定位】根据文章第三段第一句Withut hesitatin, Dusti placed her wn life at risk by stepping n the thin, unstable ice t try t reach the three children. （达斯蒂毫不犹豫地踏上薄薄、不稳定的冰面，试图接触到三个孩子，从而将自己的生命置于危险之中。）→关键词→Withut hesitatin（毫不犹豫）；at risk（冒着生命危险）
【选项B】Brave（勇敢的）
【思维连接】文章内容关键词→Withut hesitatin（毫不犹豫）；at risk（冒着生命危险）→Brave（勇敢的）【正确选项B】
【典例2】【2022届吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量监测（三）】
Christmas 2020 was shaping up t be a heartbreaker fr Melanie Lee. A few weeks earlier, her 33-year-ld sn had lst his battle with a lng illness. Then the transmissin (变速器) n her 2007 Chevrlet Tahe failed t wrk. She had n means f paying fr it t be fixed.
“When it brke dwn, I brke dwn,” Lee tld CNN. “Nw I dn’t have my baby, and I dn’t have transprtatin. Hw am I suppsed t stay active in my grandchildren’s lives?”
Elit Middletn, 38, wh is the wner f a barbecue restaurant and frmer aut mechanic, in his free time, repairs and gives away used cars. He’d heard abut Lee’s difficult situatin frm her nephew Frank McClary, the mayr f Andrews, Suth Carlina. On Christmas mrning, Middletn shwed up unannunced at Lee’s hme with a gift: a white 1993 Oldsmbile.
“I had n idea what was ging n,” said Lee. “He handed me the keys and didn’t ask fr anything.” Once again, she’s able t pick up her granddaughters frm schl and take them t dance class. “I gt my freedm back.”
The idea fr the used-car giveaway came t Middletn a year earlier during a fd drive he’d rganized. Many f thse wh’d lined up fr a meal walked up t fur miles t get there because they didn’t have cars. “Cars are a lifeline in this part f Suth Carlina,” Middletn tld CBS. “There’s n public transprtatin, n Ubers, n taxis t take peple t jb interviews, dctr appintments, even fd shpping.” S he psted n Facebk an ffer t trade his restaurant’s specialty, barbecued ribs, fr brken-dwn vehicles. Since then, friends and strangers have drpped ff mre than 100 cars in varius states f disrepair. Many sit in Middletn’s yard waiting t be patched up and dnated, usually t thse he’s heard abut thrugh wrd f muth. It’s a list f names that grws daily.
“Peple think Elit is an angel,” Mayr McClary tld the Washingtn Pst. “And I d t.”
27．Accrding t the text, which wrds can best describe Middletn?
A．Outging and rganized.B．Mdest and ptimistic.
C．Generus and cautius.D．Caring and skillful.
【文章内容定位】根据文章第三段中的“He’d heard abut Lee’s difficult situatin frm her nephew Frank McClary, the mayr f Andrews, Suth Carlina. On Christmas mrning, Middletn shwed up unannunced at Lee’s hme with a gift: a white 1993 Oldsmbile.(他从李的侄子、南卡罗来纳州安德鲁斯市市长弗兰克·麦克拉里那里听说了她的困难处境。圣诞节早晨，米德尔顿突然出现在李的家中，带着一份礼物:一辆1993年的白色奥兹莫比尔。)”以及文中提到他给很多人捐赠了二手车可知，米德尔顿是一个很有爱心的人；根据第三段“Elit Middletn, 38, wh is the wner f a barbecue restaurant and frmer aut mechanic, in his free time, repairs and gives away used cars.(38岁的艾略特·米德尔顿是一家烧烤餐厅的老板，以前是一名汽车修理工。他在业余时间修理和赠送二手车。)”。 →关键词→a gift: a white 1993 Oldsmbile（带着一份礼物:一辆1993年的白色奥兹莫比尔）→repairs and gives away（修理和赠送）
【选项D】caring(有爱心的)和skillful(有技能的)
选项D caring(有爱心的)和skillful(有技能的)
【思维连接】关键词repairs→skillful(有技能的)
关键词gives away→caring(有爱心的)
【典例3】【2022届安徽省合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测】
During schl life, Muhammad Tariq Khan develped an interest in playing badmintn. Unfrtunately, the schl did nt have a cach, s he had t self-learn the sprt. His dedicatin helped him becme an under 12 Pakistan Champin at the age f 10.
Cming frm a wrking-class family, Khan had t wrk in a factry t earn mney fr his family. But driven by his passin, Khan fund ut ways t watch ther players play matches n the badmintn curt and he learned varius techniques used by experienced players. Meanwhile, Khan practiced badmintn by hitting the shuttlecck (羽毛球) against the walls f his hme. Seeing his passin fr the sprt, his family bught him a net, a few wden rackets, and a pack f shuttles t practice at hme. Later, Khan ften practiced in an pen curt. T maintain strength, he went n daily mrning sprints (短跑) by the riverside t be fit.
His intense practice sessins had made him s skilled that he curageusly attacked and played against the tp-ranked players. Sn he became a knwn player. Althugh he had a supprtive family, he culd nt take up badmintn as a full-time career. In rder t help his father with finances and shulder respnsibility fr his brthers and sisters, he had t switch his fcus t build a lng-lasting and stable career t sustain his family. After cmpleting his degree in Bachelr f Cmmerce frm Sindh University in 1964, he jined the Pakistan Internatinal Airlines in 1967. As an adult, he acknwledged the imprtance f his duties and perfrmed them with great enthusiasm. Despite his daily ffice rutine, Khan did nt leave his passin fr sprts and played regularly.
The jurney f Khan’s achieving his gals is indeed challenging. His family had spent their initial days in a refugee (难民) camp. Khan ever walked lng distances frm cllege t his huse t avid using public transprt t save cash t buy shuttleccks.
Tday he has been recgnized by many reputable Pakistani platfrms fr his cntributin t badmintn. His persnality is inspiratinal fr many yung individuals, wh can learn frm him the art f balancing life pressures and sticking t a passin!
7．Which f the fllwing can best describe Khan?
A．Respnsible and determined.B．Mdest and creative.
C．Ambitius and adventurus.D．Cperative and hnest.
【文章内容定位】由第三段中的“In rder t help his father with finances and shulder respnsibility fr his brthers and sisters, he had t switch his fcus t build a lng-lasting and stable career t sustain his family. (为了帮助父亲解决经济问题，承担起照顾兄弟姐妹的责任，他不得不将注意力转移到建立一个长期稳定的职业来维持家庭)”可知，Khan为了养家转移职业重心，说明他很负责任；由第二段中的“Cming frm a wrking-class family, Khan had t wrk in a factry t earn mney fr his family. (Khan来自工人阶级家庭，他不得不在工厂工作为家人挣钱)”，第三段中的“Sn he became a knwn player. (很快他就成了一名著名的运动员)”和倒数第二段中的“The jurney f Khan’s achieving his gals is indeed challenging. (Khan实现目标的过程确实充满挑战)”。→关键词→respnsibility，challenging
【选项A】A．respnsible（负责任的） and determined（有决心的）
A．respnsible（负责任的） and determined（有决心的）
【思维连接】
文章关键词→respnsibility→respnsible（负责任的）
关键词→challenging→determined（有决心的）
【典例4】【辽宁省辽东南普通高中协作校2021-2022学年高三下学期第一次模拟】
I became aware f my stutter (结巴) when I was arund 9, in the furth grade. I began t see hw ther peple viewed me. When the teacher asked the whle class questins, I never raised my hand thugh I knew the answer, because I knew I wuld stutter. Sme kids wuld tell me that I talked funny, ask why I didn't talk nrmally, r laugh at me. As sn as that started t happen, I became mre intrverted (内向的).
It wasn't until the summer f 2015, befre freshman year at high schl. All my friends and my parents encuraged me t jin the high schl ftball team. I wed much t them, especially Cach Lane wh taught me hw t play ftball. He tk the time-and had the patience-t actually teach me what t d, hw t d it and hw t understand the cncepts f play.
In junir year, I started my first game fr the high schl team. I had a very gd seasn and in January 2018, I signed the University f Nrth Carlina. The lder we get, the mre f an understanding we have abut the wrld and ther peple. S the first time my teammates in cllege heard me talk and heard that I stuttered, they did nt say a thing. That was a big deal t me because I was s used t peple making cmments. My teammates actually tell me t slw dwn because talking faster causes me t stutter mre. It's really helped me develp cnfidence.
Whenever I g back hme t Gergia, I vlunteer with children at my church, including thse wh have learning disabilities. I like t d that t inspire them with cnfidence. I had cnfidence issues when I was a kid because f my stutter, s I just dn't want them t have t g thrugh what I did. In the future, I wuld like t start a fundatin t give back t peple wh stutter and create a prgram where kids all acrss the wrld wh have a stutter can have a safe space.
30．Which f the fllwing best describes the authr?A．Grateful and caring.B．Helpful and talkative.
C．Athletic and generus.D．Cnfident and patient.
【文章内容定位】根据第二段“I wed much t them, especially Cach Lane wh taught me hw t play ftball. (我要归功于他们，特别是教练Lane教我怎样踢足球)”可知，作者很感激朋友和父母，特别是教练。根据第三段“S the first time my teammates in cllege heard me talk and heard that I stuttered, they did nt say a thing. (第一次我的大学舍友听我谈话，听我结巴，但是他们没有说什么)”可知，作者对舍友们的理解表示感激。根据最后一段“Whenever I g back hme t Gergia, I vlunteer with children at my church, including thse wh have learning disabilities. (当我回到家乡Gergia，我在教堂里做志愿者，帮助有困难的孩子们)”。关键内容I wed much t them→Grateful；关键内容vlunteer with children at my church→caring
【选项A】A．Grateful and caring
A．Grateful and caring
【思维连接】关键内容I wed much t them→Grateful
关键内容vlunteer with children at my church→caring
【典例5】【2022届山东省潍坊市高三下学期3月高中学科核心素养测评】
Seminle was far t accustmed t the business. Everyne sympathized with him depending n lng hurs, minimum wage, and ill-mannered custmers. Althugh struggling t pay his rent, he still went all ut t make thse lucky enugh t sit at his tables laugh. The day was ging quick.
He was exhausted when he arrived t wrk the next day, but he went abut his daily duties, putting n a brave face as custmers cmplained abut the fd r questined the bill. Usually as he prepared t clse fr the night, a cuple f custmers wuld sit dwn and rder drinks. Mst f the crew had left by clsing time, but Seminle stayed t serve. Eventually, the last rund was rdered and he gave them the bill. The minimum tip was suggested n the receipt. “Tmrrw will be better,” murmured he.
But luck wasn’t n his side. Evening appraching, a grup f teenagers stepped in. Thankfully, they were plite and respectful. Their cheerful behavir began t rub ff n him. As always, he did his best t make their dining experience a pleasant ne.
Once they finished their dishes, he placed the bill n the table, accmpanied with sme candies. They placed their ntes n the receipt and left smiling. When he returned t clear the table, he was shcked. The teenagers nly left a tip f $3, but their ttal bill was mre than $100. He’d gne abve and beynd serving the tasty dishes. Hw culd they be s rude?
Later that week, he struggled t let g f the awkward memries. He arrived at wrk and expected it t be like any ther, but there was smething left behind the desk fr him — a tw-page handwritten letter frm the teenagers with $18 attached, in which they explained they were unaware f the tipping practice due t it being their first time ut alne. Everything suddenly made sense.
Seminle was s tuched by their gesture that he upladed a picture f the letter sharing their admirable effrts. Web visitrs viced their pinins, and the reactin was mre than psitive.
6．Which f the fllwing best describes Seminle?
A．Patient and innvative.B．Generus and tlerant.
C．Psitive and cmmitted.D．Cnsiderate and ambitius.
【文章内容定位】根据第一段中的“Althugh struggling t pay his rent, he still went all ut t make thse lucky enugh t sit at his tables laugh.(尽管付不起房租，他还是竭尽全力让那些有幸坐在他桌旁的人开怀大笑)”，第二段中的“Mst f the crew had left by clsing time, but Seminle stayed t serve.(大多数店员在打烊时离开了，但塞米诺尔留下来服务)”和““Tmrrw will be better,” murmured he.(“明天会更好，”他喃喃地说)”及第三段中的“As always, he did his best t make their dining experience a pleasant ne.(像往常一样，他尽力使他们的用餐体验愉快)”可推知，尽管塞米诺尔过得很贫困，但是他一直很乐观，而且尽心尽力的做好自己的工作。故选C。
【选项C】6．C Psitive and cmmitted
【试题精练】
1.【2022届重庆市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷（三）】
Sme f us lve t buy a little treat every nw and then. Others? They can’t help but rder smething nearly every day f the week. Hwever, there was a different kind f package abut t arrive at this dr as this wman’s birthday meant ne thing: a wnderful cake.
Emily and Mac have been tgether fr the last 19 years and have been married fr 12. Althugh Emily admitted the pair have a strng relatinship, she said that Mac hasn’t always been the best at buying gifts. Apparently, he desn’t usually plan any surprises.
Mac sn realized there were mre and mre parcels turning up at their dr, and there was nly ne persn t blame: Emily. It lks as thugh her nline spending habits had gtten ut f cntrl. Little did Emily knw, but this was the start f a grand idea.
Emily came hme t find a new package n her drstep. Only this time, it wasn’t an Amazn bx, but a birthday cake! Emily was cmpletely fled by the cake thanks t the realistic packaging tape and psting nte, but sn realized the truth when she cut int the side.
In fact, Emily was s impressed with the creatin that she wanted t meet the bakery behind the cake. That was nne ther than the Sweet Dreams Bakery f Dunn. Amazingly, the cake cst nly $50, but the thught behind the design meant everything t Emily.
Smetimes, it can feel as thugh ur partners are never listening t what we have t say. Hwever, they ccasinally ntice things abut us that even we didn’t realize. Emily’s nline shpping might have seemed nrmal, but it was the start f the greatest cake design she’d seen.
1．What des Emily usually think f Mac?
A．He desn’t really lve his wife very much.
B．He desn’t buy her any surprising gift.
C．He desn’t want t spend much n her gifts.
D．He desn’t like any shpping n line.
2．What is the new package like?
A．It is a traditinal birthday cake.
B．It is a cmmn nline shpping package.
C．It is a cake lking like a nrmal package.
D．It is an expensive cake with a special taste.
3．Hw wuld Emily feel after she received the gift?
A．Ashamed.B．Regretful.
C．Disappinted.D．Amazed.
4．What can we learn frm the stry?
A．Thughtfulness and creativity makes wnder.
B．A gd wife makes a gd husband.
C．Actins really speak luder than wrds.
D．Lve is just a kind f madness.
【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了艾米丽在生日这天收到了一个特别的包裹，一个来自于他不会制造惊喜的丈夫的礼物，一块美妙的生日蛋糕。
1．细节理解题。由文章第二段后半部分“Althugh Emily admitted the pair have a strng relatinship, she said that Mac hasn't always been the best at buying gifts. Apparently, he desn't usually plan any surprises.（虽然艾米丽承认这对夫妇的关系很好，但她说，麦克并不总是最擅长买礼物。显然，他通常不计划任何惊喜。）”可知，Emily认为她的丈夫没给她买什么惊喜的礼物。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。由第四段“Emily came hme t find a new package n her drstep. Only this time, it wasn't an Amazn bx, but a birthday cake! Emily was cmpletely fled by the cake thanks t the realistic packaging tape and psting nte, but sn realized the truth when she cut int the side.（艾米丽回到家，发现她的门阶上有一个新的包裹。只是这一次，它不是一个亚马逊盒子，而是一个生日蛋糕! 多亏了逼真的包装胶带和邮寄纸条，艾米丽完全被蛋糕所迷惑，但当她切开蛋糕的侧面时，很快就明白了真相。）”可知，新包装看起来像普通包装的蛋糕。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。由第二段后半部分“she said that Mac hasn’t always been the best at buying gifts. Apparently, he desn’t usually plan any surprises.（但她说，麦克并不总是最擅长买礼物。显然，他通常不计划任何惊喜。）”根据倒数第二段“In fact, Emily was s impressed with the creatin that she wanted t meet the bakery behind the cake.”（事实上，艾米丽对这个创意印象深刻，她想见见蛋糕背后的面包店。）根据最后一段“Hwever, they ccasinally ntice things abut us that even we didn’t realize.”（然而，他们偶尔会注意到一些连我们都没有意识到的事情）可知，Emily认为Mac不会制造惊奇，由此可以推断，这次收到的蛋糕让她意想不到，所以她会感到惊喜。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。从整个故事以及最后一段“Smetimes, it can feel as thugh ur partners are never listening t what we have t say. Hwever, they ccasinally ntice things abut us that even we didn't realize.（有时，我们会觉得我们的伴侣好像从来没有听过我们说什么。然而，他们偶尔会注意到一些连我们都没有意识到的事情）”可知，Mac在妻子生日送蛋糕是体贴，注意到妻子喜欢网购，所以这件礼物外形像网购包裹，内容却是生日蛋糕，这可有创意了。故通过这个故事学到了体贴和创意制造出了惊喜。故选A项。
2.【2022届福建省高三下学期4月诊断性测试】
Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial slutin fr tw f ur cunty’s lngstanding prblems: garbage and pverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Prject. The 26-year-ld student and envirnmentalist frm Detrit is asking a favr f lcal snack lvers: Rather than thrw yur empty Chip bags in the trash, dnate them s she can turn them int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.
Chip eaters drp ff their empty bags frm Drits, Lay’s, and ther favrites at tw lcatins in Detrit: a print shp and a clthing stre, where Oleita and her vlunteer helpers cllect them. After they clean the chip bags in sapy ht water, they slice then pen, lay them fat, and irn them tgether.It takes abut fur hurs t sew a sleeping bag, and each takes arund 150 t 300 chip bags, depending n whether they’re single-serve r family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterprf, lightweight, and easy t carry arund,” Oleita tld the Detril News.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Prject has cllected mre than 80,000 chip bags and, as f last December, created 110 sleeping bags.
Sure, it wuld be simpler t raise the mney t buy new seeping bags. But that’s nly half the gal fr Oleita—whse family mved t the United States frm Nigeria a decade ag with the hpe f attaining a better life—and her fellw vlunteers. “We are cmmitted t making an impact nt nly scially, but envirnmentally,” she says.
And, f curse, there’s the symblism f salvaging bags that wuld therwise land in the trash and using them t help the hmeless. I’s a pwerful reminder that envirnmental injustice and pverty ften g hand in hand. As Oleita tld hurdetrit cm: “I think it’s time t shw cnnectins between all f these issues.”
1．What is the purpse f the Chip Bag Prject?
A．T make dnatins fr the hmeless.
B．T deal with garbage and sleeping bags.
C．T stp pllutin caused by snack lvers.
D．T prtect the envirnment and reduce pverty.
2．Hw did Oleita get materials fr sleeping bags?
A．By turning t chip eaters.
B．By prducing chip bags.
C．By purchasing snacks.
D．By cperating with the pr.
3．Which f the flwing can best explain the underlined wrd “salvaging” in the last paragraph?
A．Sewing.B．Designing.
C．Emptying.D．Recycling.
4．Which f he fllwing best describes Eradajere Oleita?
A．Devted and creative.B．Determined and hnest.
C．Ambitius and humrus.D．Caring and independent.
【答案】1．D2．A3．D4．A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Chip Bag Prject的公益项目，通过回收空薯片袋，为无家可归者制作睡袋，既保护了环境，又减少了贫困。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial slutin fr tw f ur cunty’s lngstanding prblems: garbage and pverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Prject.(Eradajere Oleita认为，她或许可以部分解决我们县的两个长期问题：垃圾和贫困。它叫做Chip Bag Prject)”可知，为了解决垃圾和贫困问题，Eradajere Oleita开展了Chip Bag Prject。由此可知，Chip Bag Prject的目的是保护环境和减少贫困。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“The 26-year-ld student and envirnmentalist frm Detrit is asking a favr f lcal snack lvers: Rather than thrw yur empty Chip bags in the trash, dnate them s she can turn them int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.(这位来自底特律的26岁学生和环保人士请求当地零食爱好者帮忙：与其把你的空薯片袋扔到垃圾桶里，不如把它们捐出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋)”可知，制作睡袋的材料是空薯片袋，为了获得空薯片袋，Oleita请求当地的零食爱好者帮忙，让他们把空薯片袋捐出来。由此可知，Oleita是通过向吃薯片的人求助来获得睡袋材料的。故选A项。
3．词义猜测题。根据第三段关键句“It takes abut fur hurs t sew a sleeping bag, and each takes arund 150 t 300 chip bags, depending n whether they’re single-serve r family size.(缝制一个睡袋大约需要四个小时，每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，这取决于它们是提供给个人的大小还是家庭的大小)”和倒数第二段关键句““We are cmmitted t making an impact nt nly scially, but envirnmentally,” she says.(“我们致力于不仅在社会上，而且在环境上产生影响，”她说)”可知，Chip Bag Prject的目的之一是保护环境，通过回收空薯片袋，为无家可归者制作睡袋。由此可知，划线单词所在句指的是回收那些本来会被扔在垃圾桶里的袋子，并用它们来帮助无家可归的人，划线词salvaging与“recycling(回收)”意思接近。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“The 26-year-ld student and envirnmentalist frm Detrit is asking a favr f lcal snack lvers: Rather than thrw yur empty Chip bags in the trash, dnate them s she can turn them int sleeping bags fr the hmeless.(这位来自底特律的26岁学生和环保人士请求当地零食爱好者帮忙：与其把你的空薯片袋扔到垃圾桶里，不如把它们捐出来，这样她就可以把它们变成无家可归者的睡袋)”可知，Oleita通过回收空薯片为无家可归者制作睡袋，这是一个有创造性的想法；根据倒数第三段内容“Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Prject has cllected mre than 80,000 chip bags and, as f last December, created 110 sleeping bags.(自2020年启动以来，Chip Bag Prject已经收集了超过80000个薯片袋，截至去年12月，已经创造了110个睡袋)”可知，Oleita是一个有奉献精神的人。由此推知，Eradajere Oleita是一个有奉献精神和创造性的人。故选A项。3.【湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2021-2022学年高三下学期月考（七）】
Tw years ag, Nikki Tyse rarely gt n a bike. Tday, thugh, she’s becme s addicted t the cycling wrld that she’s even helping t bring pedal pwer t mental-health nurses at the hspital where she wrks.
In April, the Natinal Lttery-funded charity Access Sprt intrduced a prgram that prvides bikes t Twer Hamlets’ Ryal Lndn Hspital. Nikki pushed fr this t be extended t Gdmayes Hspital, a mental-health facility in nrtheast Lndn where she’s a prject manager. She says having the bikes nt nly enables nursing staff t travel safely t and frm wrk during the crnavirus crisis, but als lets them blw ff steam during their breaks.
Nikki wanted t d smething t make life a bit better fr the staff. There’s a lt f fcus n the hspitals at the mment which are having an awful time but this is als an extra-stressful time fr mental health staff. The bikes prvide a cmplement t a “wbble rm” within the hspital. It’s smewhere the staff can g when they’re really stressed, and the bikes are an extensin f that.
Junir dctr Aiman is very grateful fr the prgram. “Using the bike means I can get t wrk safely,” she says. “This has taken ut a lt f wrries frm my daily life and allws me t fcus n my patients. It’s definitely imprved my mental wellbeing.” Stress levels are generally high in nursing and having bikes wuld make a big difference.
While Access Sprt has prvided Nikki with bikes, her dream is t have three r fur bicycles permanently n site. Fllwing the success f the bike lans, Nikki is wrking t extend the prject beynd lckdwn.
1．Why did Nikki want t extend the prgram t Gdmayes Hspital?
A．T make her hbby knwn.
B．T get nurses t cycle fr health.
C．T fight against the crnavirus crisis.
D．T guarantee traffic safety.
2．What might a nurse feeling stressed d in a “wbble rm”？
A．Attend t patients.
B．Reflect n the wrk.
C．Listen t music and relax.
D．Receive prfessinal training.
3．What can we infer abut the prgram accrding t dctr Aiman?A．It meets challenges.
B．It is a great success.
C．It bsts sales f bikes.
D．It is ppular amng patients.
4．Which f the fllwing best describes Nikki?
A．Caring.B．Demanding.C．Ambitius.D．Generus.
【答案】1．B2．C3．B4．A
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Gdmayes Hspital医院的项目经理Nikki Tyse为医院引入自行车项目，帮助护理人员的缓解工作压力。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“She says having the bikes nt nly enables nursing staff t travel safely t and frm wrk during the crnavirus crisis, but als lets them blw ff steam during their breaks. (她说，拥有这些自行车不仅能让护理人员在冠状病毒危机期间安全地上下班，而且还能让他们在休息时发泄情绪)”可知，Nikki希望将这一项目引入Gdmayes Hspital，因为她认为骑自行车能帮助护理人员发泄情绪，有利于她们的健康。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The bikes prvide a cmplement t a ‘wbble rm’ within the hspital. It’s smewhere the staff can g when they’re really stressed, and the bikes are an extensin f that. (这些自行车为医院内的“摇摆室”提供了补充。当员工感到压力时，他们可以去那里，而自行车增加了另一种解压的方式)”可知，wbble rm是员工们释放压力的地方，结合选项，可推知，员工们在那里可以听音乐和放松。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中Aiman的话“This has taken ut a lt f wrries frm my daily life and allws me t fcus n my patients. It’s definitely imprved my mental wellbeing.(这消除了我日常生活中的很多烦恼，让我可以专注于我的病人。它确实提升了我的心理健康)”可知，Aiman医生认为自行车项目是有效的，是成功的。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。通读全文并结合第三段中“Nikki wanted t d smething t make life a bit better fr the staff.(Nikki想做点什么让员工的生活好一点)”可知，Nikki为了缓解医院护理人员的压力，主动引入自行车项目，说明她是一个关爱员工，关心他人的人。故选A项。
4.【海南省琼海市嘉积中学等四校2021-2022学年高三下学期联考】
Last September, British artist Sacha Jafri set the recrd fr creating the wrld's largest painting. Last week, the painting was sld fr $62 millin, which will g t charity.Last year, as the COVID-19 spread and many cuntries went int lckdwn, Mr. Jafri was in Dubai. Rather than feeling stuck, Mr. Jafri decided t take n a huge prject that culd“make a really big difference”.
He decided t create the wrld's largest painting. And he wanted t d it in a way that wuld include peple frm arund the wrld. He asked children t send him pictures shwing hw they were feeling during the pandemic(疫情). He gt artwrk frm kids in 140 different cuntries.
Using the children's ideas as a starting pint, Mr. Jafri began t paint in a huge dancing rm in a fancy htel. It tk Mr. Jafri seven mnths t create the painting. He wrked lng hurs every day—ften up t 20 hurs a day. He hurt his back by bending ver s much while he painted. It tk ver 1,000 paintbrushes and 6,300 liters f paint t create the painting. The painting, which was ver 1,600 square meters, was arund the size f fur basketball curts.
Mr. Jafri hped that his painting, called “The Jurney f Humanity”, wuld help bring the wrld tgether during a difficult time. Since Mr. Jafri’s gal was t raise mney t help children suffering frm the pandemic, the painting was split up int 70 large parts. Mr. Jafri hped that by selling the parts separately, he culd raise $30 millin.
But when the auctin(拍卖) ended n March 22, Mr. Jafri did much better than that. A French businessman bught all the pieces. Knwing that the mney wuld g t charity als mtivated him t decide t pay mre. He says he was pr when he grew up, s he's glad t be helping children arund the wrld by buying the painting.
1．Hw did Sacha Jafri create the large painting?
A．He finished the painting with kids in his rm.
B．He gt painting inspiratin frm kids' pictures.
C．He made the painting under 140 kids' guidance.
D．He filled his whle artwrk with kids5 drawings.
2．What can we knw abut the large painting?
A．It remained cmplete all the time.
B．It tk the artist a lt f effrts.
C．It earned the artist a better living.
D．It was made t set a wrld recrd.
3．Why did Sacha Jafri create the painting?
A．T help fight the pandemic.B．T develp kid’s lve fr art.
C．T shw pandemic sufferings.
D．T kill time and seek pleasure.
4．Which f the fllwing wrds can describe the French businessman?
A．Mdest and hnest.
B．Brave and determined.
C．Sympathetic and generus.
D．Creative and hardwrking,
【答案】1．B2．B3．A4．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。英国艺术家Sacha Jafn在去年9月创作了一幅巨型画作。这幅画最终以6200万美元的价格售出，而这笔钱将用于慈善。
1. 细节理解题。根据第三段“He asked children t send him pictures shwing hw they were feeling during the pandemic(疫情). He gt artwrk frm kids in 140 different cuntries.(他让孩子们给他发照片，展示他们在疫情期间的感受。他收到了来自140个国家的孩子们的作品。)”及第四段“Using the children's ideas as a starting pint, Mr. Jafri began t paint in a huge dancing rm in a fancy htel. (以孩子们的想法为出发点，贾夫里开始在一家豪华酒店的一间巨大的舞蹈室里作画。)”可知，Sacha Jafri从孩子们的画中获得了创作的灵感。故选B项。
2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“It tk Mr. Jafri seven mnths t create the painting. He wrked lng hurs every day—ften up t 20 hurs a day. He hurt his back by bending ver s much while he painted. It tk ver 1,000 paintbrushes and 6,300 liters f paint t create the painting.(贾夫里花了七个月的时间创作这幅画。他每天工作很长时间——经常高达20小时。他画画时弯下腰太久，弄伤了后背。这幅画用了1000多支画笔和6300升颜料。)”可知，为了创作巨型画，艺术家 Sacha Jafii付出了很多。故选B项。
3. 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“Mr. Jafri hped that his painting, called "The Jurney f Humanity", wuld help bring the wrld tgether during a difficult time. Since Mr. Jafri's gal was t raise mney t help children suffering frm the pandemic, the painting was split up int 70 large parts. Mr. Jafri hped that by selling the parts separately, he culd raise $30 millin.(贾夫里希望他的这幅名为《人性之旅》的画能帮助世界在这一艰难时期团结在一起。由于贾夫里的目标是筹集资金帮助受疫情影响的儿童，这幅画被分成了70大块。贾夫里希望，通过单独出售这些部件，他可以筹集3000万美元。)”可推断，Sacha Jafn创作巨型画是为了帮助人们团结起来共同抗击疫情。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But when the auctin(拍卖) ended n March 22, Mr. Jafri did much better than that. A French businessman bught all the pieces. Knwing that the mney wuld g t charity als mtivated him t decide t pay mre. He says he was pr when he grew up, s he's glad t be helping children arund the wrld by buying the painting.(但当拍卖于3月22日结束时，贾夫里的表现要好得多。一位法国商人买下了所有的作品。知道这笔钱将用于慈善事业，也促使他决定支付更多的钱。他说他小时候很穷，所以他很高兴能通过购买这幅画来帮助世界各地的孩子们。)”可知，当那位法国商人得知那幅巨型画的收益将用于慈善的时候，他愿意出更高的价格购买，他觉得能够帮助孩子是一件快乐的事情，因为他曾经也受过苦，他更能感同身受、更乐意伸出援助之手。由此可推断，那位法国商人是一个富有同情心且慷慨的人。故选C项。
5.【河北省保定市部分学校2021-2022学年高三下学期3月联考】
After mving frm a refugee camp (难民营) t a big city, 18-year-ld Dhakal wanted t give back t his cmmunity.
A few years ag, while wrking at a restaurant, Dhakal met a hmeless man. While cleaning tables, he talked with the man, and the man shared his stry abut hw he became hmeless. “One f the necessities he needed was clthes, s that is where I gt the idea,” Dhakal explained.
Dhakal Cllects Clthes hsted its first clthing drive in 2019. He cllected everything, including scks, hats, jackets, cats and shes. “With that prject, I was able t bring s many peple tgether and change s many lives,” said Dhakal.
Fr Dhakal, Dhakal Cllects Clthes is just a start. In the future, he wants t wn a multimillin-dllar business that fcuses n giving its mney away t help thers. T help him meet that gal, a kind persn intrduced Dhakal t Cuban, a billinaire philanthrpist (慈善家), wh is als ne f Dhakal’s heres. Cuban, wh said that he knew what it was like t struggle and want t give back, gave Dhakal a specific gal: Cllect 575 cats t give away t thse in need.
While Dhakal first struggled t cllect cats, he used a piece f advice frm Cuban t give himself: He netwrked with Amy, wh wrked at a lcal charity rganizatin. In 4 days, he cllected thusands f cats, much mre than his initial gal.
“I never dreamed f cllecting 3, 000 cats, but the peple that I cnnected with made it pssible,” Dhakal said.
“Yu're setting an example, Dhakal. It isn't abut cnnectins,” Cuban said. “It isn't abut wh yu knw. Effrt. It's all abut hw hard yu're willing t wrk t get smething dne.”
1．What inspired Dhakal t start his charity prject?A．His tiring jb in a restaurant.B．The advice f a hmeless man.
C．His desire t get away frm pverty.D．The experience f a pr man he met.
2．What did Cuban d t help Dhakal?
A．Give him sme useful advice.B．Dnate lts f clthes t him.
C．Share the skills in making mney.D．Persuade thers t netwrk with him.
3．Hw did Dhakal feel when he cllected 3, 000 cats?
A．Embarrassed.B．Surprised.C．Wrried.D．Prud.
4．What cntributed mst t Dhakal's wrk accrding t Cuban?
A．The riginal gal f his prject.B．His ambitius plan fr the future.
C．His hard wrk and determinatin.D．His cnnectins with ther peple.
【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位来自难民营的男孩，在自己的生活好转之后，创立了自己的慈善组织，去帮助其他需要帮助的人的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A few years ag, while wrking at a restaurant, Dhakal met a hmeless man. While cleaning tables, he talked with the man, and the man shared his stry abut hw he became hmeless. “One f the necessities he needed was clthes, s that is where I gt the idea,” Dhakal explained.(几年前，达卡尔在一家餐馆工作时遇到了一个无家可归的人。在擦桌子的时候，他和那个人聊天，那个人分享了他成为无家可归者的故事。达卡尔解释说:“他需要的必需品之一就是衣服，所以我就有了这个想法。”)”可知，他在餐馆工作时遇到一个无家可归的人，这个人的故事促使他创立自己的慈善组织。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的最后一句“Cuban, wh said that he knew what it was like t struggle and want t give back, gave Dhakal a specific gal: Cllect 575 cats t give away t thse in need.（Cuban给了Dhakal一个特定的目标：收集575件衣服分发给那些有需要的人。）”以及第五段中的第一句“While Dhakal first struggled t cllect cats, he used a piece f advice frm Cuban t give himself: He netwrked with Amy, wh wrked at a lcal charity rganizatin.（尽管Dhakal最开始收集衣服很难，但他采用了Cuban给他的一条建议：与在当地慈善机构工作的Amy合作。）”可知，Cuban给Dhakal一些建议，建议他设定一个具体的目标。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第六段““I never dreamed f cllecting 3, 000 cats, but the peple that I cnnected with made it pssible,” Dhakal said.（说道：“我从来没想过能受到3000件衣服，但是我联系的那些人让我做到了”。）”可知，Dhakal以前从未想过能募集到三千件外套，所以他感到很惊讶，故选B。4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Effrt. It's all abut hw hard yu're willing t wrk t get smething dne.（是努力让你完成了这件事。）”可知，Cuban认为Dhakal的努力是他成功的关键，故选C。