【精品同步练习】英语八年级下册同步教材-第八讲阅读综合训练（知识梳理+含答案）

这是一份【精品同步练习】英语八年级下册同步教材-第八讲阅读综合训练（知识梳理+含答案），共18页。试卷主要包含了图表理解，短文理解，语篇补全等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第八讲 阅读综合训练
一、图表理解
（一）（2018. 雅礼系期中）
Vlunteers Wanted
Help at the ld peple’s hme.
Wrk with ld peple, read newspapers t them and talk t them. May 1st - May 7th
Apply nline at Helpergrup.cn r call Mna at 0731-2236556.
A
() 1. What shuld vlunteers d at the ld peple’s hme?
A. Read bks t ld peple.B. Talk t ld peple.C. Learn new skills. () 2. Hw lng will the vlunteer activity last?
Mvies
Ready Player One
3D/IMAX
Hindi Medium
2D
Operatin Red Sea
3D/IMAX
Cuntry: America
Cuntry: India
Cuntry: China
Type: Science fictin
Type: Cmedy
Type: Actin mvie
Release date(上映时间):
Release date:
Release date:
Infrmatin
March 29, 2018(USA)
May 19, 2017(India)
February 23，2018(USA)
March 29, 2018(China)
April 4, 2018(China)
February 16，2018(China)
Running time: 140 minutes
Running time: 131 minutes
Running time: 138 minutes
Bx ffice(票房): $238.2 millin
Bx ffice: $27 millin
Bx ffice: $574.4 millin
A. Tw weeks.B. Fur days.C. Abut a week. B
() 3. What kind f mvie is Ready Player One?
A. Science fictin, 2DB. Actin mvie, 3D/IMAX C. Science fictin, 3D/IMAX () 4. Which mvie is released earliest in China?
A. Ready Player OneB. Hindi MediumC. Operatin Red Sea
() 5. Where is the lngest mvie frm?
A. AmericaB. IndiaC. China
（二）（2018. 长郡系月考）
Smart Kids Club
Fridays & Sundays 5:00 pm t 6:30 pm In the schl library
Fr age grups: 5-10 years ld
$2.00 each week Register (登记)：in the gym
Cntact (联系)：SmartKidsClub2@htmail.cm
A
() 1. Smart Kids Club is pen t the members
A. at 6:00 am n FridaysB. at 5:00 pm n SaturdaysC. at 5:30 pm n Sundays
() 2. If Mrs. Black’s twin daughters f 8 bth jin the club, hw much shuld she pay each mnth?
Guide t the best htels in Bswell
Numbers f rms
Price
Things prvided
Single
Duble
First Htel 222 Edward Rad Tel. 414-6433
120
$25
$35
Air-cnditined( 有 空 调 的 ) rms with phne, TV and radi. There is a French restaurant, a nightclub, a swimming pl.
Clse t the city center.
Fairview Htel 129 Nrth Rad
Tel. 591-5620
50
$12
$18
Clse t the airprt. Telephnes in each rm. There is a bar, a restaurant and a
swimming pl.
Orchard Htel 233 Edward Rad
Tel. 641-6646
120
$15
$20
Face First Htel with a Eurpean restaurant, a cffee shp and a nightclub. TV in each rm with dry-cleaning service.
Osaka Htel 126 Winning Rad Tel. 643-6646
180
$30
$50
Air-cnditined ( 有空调的) rms with Japanese and Chinese restaurants, shps, a swimming pl and a big garden.
A. $4B. $8C. $16 B
() 3. The cheapest rm fr a cuple isin.
A. $35; First HtelB. $18; Fairview HtelC. $15; Osaka Htel () 4. Which htel faces Orchard Htel?
A. First HtelB. Osaka HtelC. Fairview Htel
() 5. Yu’d better callt bk a rm if yu hpe t live near the airprt. A. 641-6646B. 591-5620C. 643-6646
（三）（2017. 雅礼系月考）
Easy-life Laundry Service(洗衣服务)
We ffer(提供) free pick-up, delivery and laundry services.
Gd news --- 20% ff n December 25th !!!
Cntact(联系方式)：TEL: +0731-85096188（24-7hurs） E-mail：Easy-life@gmail.cm
Wechat: Easylife112233
A
() 1. If yu want t wash a pair f scks, a pair f trusers and a dress n December 22nd, hw much shuld yu pay?
A. 120 yuanB. 118 yuanC. 110 yuan () 2. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the ad?
It will be cheaper t d laundry n December 25th.
We can cntact the stre thrugh QQ.
The laundry stre nly ffers a kind f service.
B
Items
Price(RMB)
T-shirt
16
Cat
40
Trusers
50
Dress
60
Scks
8 (a pair)
The Ht American TV Series
Games f Thrnes《权利的游戏》
The Big Bang Thery《生活大爆炸》
Genre（类型）：
Genre（类型）：
Fantasy drama（科幻剧）
Cmedy
Bradcast netwrk（播放网络）：
Bradcast netwrk（播放网络）：
HBO
CBS
Bradcast time：
Bradcast time：
Frm April 17, 2011
Frm September 24, 2007
Characters：
Characters：
Jn Snw, Daeneryen, Eddard Stark
Sheldn, Lenard, Hward, Raj, Penny
Starring:
Starring:
Kit Harringtn, Emilia Clarke
Jim Parsns, Jhnny Galecki
They have ne thing in cmmn: ne seasn(季) every year!!!
() 3. Which TV series shuld Mike watch if he wants t see smething funny?
A. Game f ThrnesB. The Big Bang TheryC. Bth () 4. Hw many seasns are there in Games f Thrnes nw?
A. 6 seasns.B. 7 seasns.C. 8 seasns. () 5. What can we knw frm the passage?
These tw TV series have nthing in cmmn.
They were n the shw frm the same year.
Sheldn is ne f the characters frm The Big Bang Thery.
（四）（2016. 附中系期中）
A
Sunny English Club
Fr students
16:00-18:00 Every Saturday 200 Yuan a mnth
9 Zhu Yu Street Tel: 3785290
Freign teachers, English sngs, Films and mre!
() 1. Sunny English Club is fr.
A. teachersB. freignersC. students
() 2. Yu will pay if yu want t stay in the English club fr half a year.
A. 600 yuanB. 1200 yuanC. 2400 yuan B
Accident Reprt Frm
() 3. What time did Mrs. Green call the plice?
Accident
A car crashed int a tree. Sme peple are trapped in the car.
Weather cnditins
There was a heavy rain
Date f call
December 3, 2006
Time f call
9:30 p.m.
Name f caller
Mrs. Green
Place
Zhngshan Rad, Nanjing
Cnditins f victims
Mr. Green hurt his head. Mrs. Green hurt her left leg.
Their daughter felt frightened.
Actin
Plicemen arrived at 9:40 p.m. and sent the victims t Gulu Hspital at 9:45 p.m.
A. At 9:30 p.m.B. At 9:40 p.m.C. At 9:45 p.m.
() 4. Whse left leg was hurt?
A. Mrs. Green’s.B. Their daughter’s.C. Mr. Green’s. () 5. Which f the fllwing is TURE?
The car crashed int a wall.
The car accident happened n Zhngshan Rad in Nanjing.
The plicemen arrived half an hur later and sent the victims t the hspital.
二、短文理解
（一）（2018. 附中系期中）
Henry was an ffice wrker in a big city. He usually went t the beach n weekends. But ne day he saw an ad in a newspaper. “Enjy cuntry life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. “This sunds a gd idea,” he thught. He wrte t the farmer. He wanted t spend all f July there. Then he left fr West Hill Farm at the first day f July.
But fur days later, he returned hme.
“What was wrng with West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed , asked him. “Didn’t yu enjy cuntry life?”
“Cuntry life was very gd,” Henry said. “But there was anther prblem.” “Oh. What?”
“Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had muttn (羊肉) fr dinner. On
the secnd day a cw died, and we had beef fr dinner.” Henry said. “On the third day a pig died and we had prk (猪肉) fr dinner.”
“A different meat every day,” Ed said ludly, “ and yu are cmplaining!”
“Let me finish,” Henry said. “On the furth day the farmer died, and I didn’t dare (敢) t stay fr dinner!”
() 1. Hw did Henry see the ad?
A. In a newspaper.B. On TV.C. In a bk. () 2. Henry came back hme several days later because .
the farmer wasn’t friendly
he missed his mther
he thught he might have t eat the farmer
() 3. “…and yu are cmplaining!”, the underlined wrd “cmplain” means .
A. 解释B. 抱怨C. 同意
() 4. Which f the fllwing sentences is true?
Ed culd eat meat every day.
Henry stayed at the farm fr 4 days.
The farmer died f the bad meat he ate.
() 5.Which is the best title fr the passage?
A. What a beautiful farm!B. Have a gd time!C. A shrt hliday.
（二）(2018. 雅礼系期中)
The Qingming Festival, als knwn as Tmb-sweeping( 扫墓) Day, which falls n April 4-6 each year, is ne f the Chinese Twenty-fur Slar Terms( 节气). Frm that date, temperatures begin t rise and rainfall becmes mre. It is an imprtant time fr farmers t plant seeds(播种) in the fields. S the festival has a clse relatinship with farm wrk. Hwever, it is nt nly a seasnal(季节的) symbl, but als a day f remembering the dead. A lt f families wuld visit the tmbstne t sweep the tmbstnes, and burn spirit mney t remember and hnr the dead. Qingming Festival is als a time fr peple t d sme ther activities.
Spring Outing
Qingming is the best time fr Taqing, r a spring uting. Peple always g ut and enjy the early flwers befre summer. It is a fine time t enjy the beauty f nature during the festival.
Swinging
Swings are very ppular amng children and are usually fund n playgrunds. As a ppular custm(习俗) n Tmb Sweeping Day, swinging nt nly stps the cldness frm eating cld fd, but als develps a child’s bravery(勇气).
Kite Flying
Flying kites is als an imprtant custm enjyed by many peple, yung and ld, during the Qingming Festival. In the past, peple cut the string( 线) t let the kite fly freely. This custm is believed t bring gd luck and get rid f illness.
() 1. Which f the fllwing is true in the passage?
The temperatures begin t rise and rainfall becmes less frm the Qingming Festival.
The Qingming Festival has n relatinship with farm wrk.
A lt f families wuld burn spirit mney t remember and hnr the dead n Tmb-Sweepig Day.
() 2. Which f the fllwing shws the idea that the Qingming Festival is a seasnal symbl?
It is an imprtant time fr farmers t plant seeds in the fields.
It is a day f remembering the dead.
Peple can fly kites during the Qingming Festival.
() 3. Hw many activities peple can d during the Qingming Festival are mentined(提到) in the passage?
A. ThreeB. FiveC. Eight () 4. What des the phrase get rid f mean in the last paragraph?
A. 得到B. 摆脱C. 带来
() 5. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
When the Qingming Festival is.
The custms abut the Qingming Festival.
Qingming Festival is a time fr peple t g utside and enjy the beauty f nature.
（三）（2018. 长郡系期中）
Have yu ever heard f schl bullying( 欺凌)? Thirteen-year-ld Sphie had been bullied at schl fr ver tw years. She had had her bag, keys and mbile phne stlen. She had als been kncked ff her bicycle, kicked and hit. She became s afraid f ging t schl that she started t skip her classes.
Finally, her headmaster set up a special plan, encuraging students t lk after ne anther. He encuraged Sphie t play the guitar in a schl cncert, which gave Sphie new cnfidence and earned her respect frm the ther students. Gradually, the bullying began t stp.
Sadly, Sphie’s stry is nt uncmmn and new technlgy hasn’t helped. Cyber( 网 络 )
bullying can be harder t avid(避免). It is s easy t send a nameless threat(威胁) by text, r pst a terrible cmment abut smene n the Internet.
But help is ut there. There are many charities and rganizatins giving supprt t yung peple in the UK, such as Bullying UK and Childline. S remember: If yu are being bullied, dn’t put up with it ---tell smene.
() l. Accrding t the stry, we knw that Sphie.
always lses her keys and bag
was brave enugh t say n t bullies
used t be bullied by her classmates
() 2. Wh helped Sphie frm being bullied?
A. Her parents.B. Her teachers.C. Her headmaster. () 3. Cyber bullying is hard t avid because .
technlgy develps t fast
it’s very easy t bully peple n the Internet
it’s impssible t find ut wh they are bullying
() 4. Frm the last paragraph, we knw that Childline is .
an rganizatin where yung peple can get help
a charily t raise mney fr pr peple
a htline where yu can tell smene yur stry
() 5. Which kind f bullying isn’t mentined in this article?
A. Making threats.B. Pushing, hitting r kicking.C. Shuting at smene.
（四）（2018. 长郡系月考）
At my primary schl, I was ne f the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always gt perfect scres. I thught I was brn clever. At least I believed s. I was als a prdigy in music accrding t myself. I culd sing better than almst everyne else in my schl. I was pretty sure that nce I gt t sixth grade, everyne wuld be surprised by me. But actually, they weren’t.
When I arrived at my new class, I culdn’t wait t shw everyne what I culd d. Hwever, there were always smene else wh culd d them better. My grades began t suffer. Mre talented girls ften sang sls( 独唱). I believed I wasn’t smart. I believed I wasn’t talented. I
believed I was a failure.
Over the next tw years, I had t wrk very hard. Every prize fr the singing cmpetitin was given t me fr hard wrk and effrt. Grades were still very lw but imprving little by little. I wrked really hard. Hwever, I was never the best at everything. I haven’t realized until recently that I really dn’t have t be the best at everything. I was t hard n myself. In fact, when I did badly in a test, my classmates never laughed at me. N ne is perfect. There will prbably always be smene better than me at smething. Anyway, there are abut seven billin peple in this wrld. I will never be number ne at everything, and that’s really kay.
() 1. What des “a prdigy” prbably mean in English?
A. A smart kid.B. A crazy fan.C. A cmmn child. () 2. When the writer was at the new class,.
she lst her interest in music
she had difficulty in learning
she surprised everyne in sls
() 3. What happened t the writer during the next tw years?
She fund the best way t becme perfect.
She gave up trying because f the lw scres.
She failed t be perfect thugh she wrked hard. () 4. What has the writer realized recently?
There is n success withut effrt.
Being talented is nly key t success.
Dn’t expect t much f yurself.
() 5. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. When I wasn’t perfect.B. My past life as a yung girl.C. Hard wrk desn’t wrk.
三、语篇补全
（一）（2018. 一中系月考）
Frm the Other Side
Lara and Tara are twins. They lk like each ther, but they are very different in everything else.
Fr example, ht fd is Lara’s favrite, and Tara has a sweet chice.
Hwever, this isn’t the prblem with the twin girls. They always argue that the ppsite ne was wrng. 1. , while Tara thught mrnings were fresh and it was difficult t stay up till midnight.
. T put an end t their fights, their parents decided t create a small drama. They wanted the girls t understand that they were bth crrect frm their wn pint f view. Their parents cvered the girl’s eyes with black ribbns (带、条), and brught them t the dining rm.
. Lara was asked t stand n ne side f the bard and Tara n the ther. They
culdn’t see the ther side f it. When the ribbns were taken away, they were surprised t see a
huge bard between them.
Nw, their father asked Lara, “What’s the clr f the bard?” She replied, “It’s black!” 4.. She relied, “It’s white!” The tw girls began t argue again. While Lara was cnfident it was black, Tara was sure it was white. Then, they were asked t exchange (交换) their places. They culdn’t believe their eyes. Tara, wh insisted ( 坚持) it was a white bard, saw a black ne. Similarly, Lara, wh argued the bard was black, was surprised t see a white ne. They understd that each f them was right in her wn view. Mst f us are like Lara and Tara. We are right mst times, but insist that thers are wrng!
They have different ideas
Fr years, their arguments cntinued
Their mther asked Tara the same questin
In the rm, a big bard was placed in the middle
Lara thught it was terrible t get up early in the mrning
（二）（2018. 长郡系期中）
In the United States, there is a pst ffice in every twn. 1. . Yu may be able t find ne in the crner f a shp. Others are larger buildings. All these pst ffices are pen n weekdays and usually they are als pen n weekends. Frm Mnday t Friday, they are usually pen frm 8:30 t 4:30. But n weekends, they are pen just n Saturday mrnings.
2. . They are frm ne cent ( 美分) t many dllars. If yu knw hw much the
pstage (邮资) is fr yur letter, yu can buy stamps at any windw. In sme pst ffices, yu can buy stamps frm machines. This is a quick and cnvenient way, and yu dn’t have t spend a lt f time in waiting fr the staff services. If yu are nt sure hw much pstage is fr yur letter, yu may ask the man r the wman in the pst ffice fr help. 3. . If yu are sending yur letter far away, yu shuld use airmail envelpes (航空信封). Remember that pstage will be mre expensive fr a letter t be sent utside the cuntry.
At a pst ffice yu can als buy pstcards. A pstcard is cheaper than a letter. Usually the price f pstage fr a pstcard is abut half that f a letter. But the pstcards that yu buy at a pst ffice d nt have pictures. 4. .
Stamps are sld at many different prices
Letters have many different prices
Sme are very small
And they can’t be sent utside the cuntry, either
He r she will give yu the stamp yu need
Letters are an easy and cheap way t keep in tuch with peple. S in the United States, sme peple still like t g t the pst ffice t send their letters.
（三）（2018. 明德系月考）
Accrding t ( 根据) the Natinal SAFE KIDS Campaign (USA) abut 2.2 millin ( 百万) children aged 14 and under are injured (受伤) in schl-related (相关的) accidents each year. T help parents keep their children free frm harm ( 伤害), here’s sme safety ( 安全) advice abut traveling t and frm schl given by SAFE KIDS.
Plan a walking rute (路线) t schl r the bus stp. 1. .
Be sure yur children walk t and frm schl with a brther r sister, a friend r neighbr. Teach yur children never t talk t strangers (陌生人) r accept rides r gifts frm strangers. 2.
.
Teach yur children whether walking, biking, r taking the bus t schl – t fllw all traffic signals (交通信号), signs and traffic fficers (交通警官). Remind (提醒) them t be especially (尤其) careful in bad weather.
When driving children, deliver ( 送) and pick them up as clse t the schl as pssible. 3.
.
Be sure that yur children knw yur hme phne number, address (住址), and yur wrk number
Dn’t leave until they are in the schlyard r building
Chse the mst direct (直接的) way with the fewest street crssings
When getting ff the bus, children shuld wait until the bus cmes t a cmplete stp
Remember, a stranger is anyne yu r yur children dn’t knw well r dn’t trust
Remind yur children t stay seated at all times and keep their heads and arms inside the bus while riding. 4. . Tell them t get ff frm the frnt using the handrail (扶手) t avid (避免) fall, and crss the street at least 10 feet in frnt f the bus.
参考答案
【随堂反馈】：
1~5：ACBCA6~10：AACAB
【综合提升】：
单项选择：1~5：ACACB6~10：ACCCC
完形填空：11~15：CBAAB16~20：ABCBC阅读理解：21~25：CCABC阅读表达：
Because she wanted t make sme mney and she culdn’t drive r get a jb at a stre.
She felt surprised.28. Yes, she did.
They went back tw hurs later.
She thught it was a nice jb and a great way t make sme mney.
书面表达：略
【随堂反馈】：
1~5：CACCA6~10：BBCAC
【综合提升】：
单项选择：1~5：BAABC6~10：BABBB
完形填空：11~15：CBABC16~20：AACAC阅读理解：21~25：ACABC语篇翻译：
她上着一所好大学并且拥有着几乎所有的东西。
S she feels very lnely.28. 去年她在 QQ 上交到了一个很特别的朋友。
Of curse, they want t knw mre abut each ther.
但是当她到达大卫家的时候，她发现她这特别的朋友是一个 12 岁的男孩！书面表达：略
第三讲
【演练】：
1. B; B2. B; A3. C; C; C4. B5. A6. B
第一讲
【演练】：
1. C; C
2. C; A
3. B; B
4. B; B5. (1) A; B(2) t many; much t;
t much
6. C
7. A; C
8. C
第二讲
【演练】：
1. A; C
2. C; B
3. C; C; C
4. C; B5. B; B6. C
7. B
8. B; C
9. B; A
10. B; A
7. B8. C; C
D yu think I shuld talk mre ften with peple?
What’s yur questin?27. Yes.
What kind f persn can I make friends with?
I’m ging t make friends right nw.
书面表达：略
【随堂反馈】：
1~5：CCBAA6~10：CBCCB
【综合提升】：
单项选择：1~5：CCAAC6~10：BBBCC
完形填空：11~15：BACAC16~20：CACBC阅读理解：21~25：BABCC阅读表达：
N, they dn’t.
In the secnd lunar mnth, which is usually in March r April.
12.29. In parks r gardens.
30. They usually have utdr activities and plant sme flwers.
书面表达：略
第五讲
【演练】：
1. C; C2. C3. B; A4. A; C5. C; B6. C; A
7. C; B8. B; A
【随堂反馈】：
1~5：CCACC6~10：CABAB
【综合提升】：
单项选择：1~5：ACCCC6~10：BBBBB
【随堂反馈】：
1~5：CACBB
6~10：CACCA
【综合提升】：
单项选择：1~5：ABCBC 完形填空：11~15：CACAB
6~10：CAAAC
16~20：CAACC
语篇补全：21~24：CDBA
情景交际：
第四讲
【演练】：
1. C; C
2. B; C
3. A; B
4. C5. C; C6. C; B
7. C; A
8. B
9. C
10. C
完形填空：11~15：ABBCA16~20：BCBAC阅读理解：21~25：CBCAA语篇翻译：
Happiness is ne f the mst imprtant things in life fr many peple.
当你在学校身陷麻烦之中时，你的朋友们将会帮助你。
幸福和金钱不一样，它是你心里的一种感觉。
Yu can still be very happy when yu are very pr.
如果你同意我的观点，你就可以成为一个幸福和幸运的人。书面表达：略
第六讲
【课首小测】：
1~5：BBACA6~10：BCCCB
【真题演练】：
1~5：CCAAB6~10：AAAAB11~15：BCABB
【综合提升】：
单项选择：1~5：BBCBC6~10：CCBCA
翻译：11. was ding12. was having13. were walking; when
14. was playing; when15. was rising
阅读理解：16~20：CACBA21~25：ABCAC
情景交际：
26. I was ding sme washing.27. What were yur parents ding?
28. Why did yu call me last night?29. Where was the party?
30. Did yu have a gd time?
第七讲
【真题演练】：
（一）1~5：BCABC6~10：CBCCA（二）1~5：BBBAB6~10：BAABB
（三）1~5：BABBA6~10：ACACC
附录一
第八讲
图表理解：
（一）BCCCA
（二）CCBAB
（三）BABBC
（四）CBAAB
短文理解：
（一）ACBBC
（二）CABBB
（三）CCBAC
（四）ABCCA
语篇补全：
（一）EBDC
（二）CAED
（三）CEBD
【知识运用】：
第一节 1~5：BCDCD6~10：BCBDC第二节 11~15：BCABB16~20：CACAB
【阅读技能】：
第一节：21~25 BBBAB第二节：26~30 BCCBA31~35 BCBCA
第三节：36~39 ECAB
第四节：
40. Tw r three.41. Eating them urselves.
42. It will hpefully help them learn t lve vegetables.43. Desserts.
Ways t get children t eat vegetables.
【写作技能】：第一节：
He is als a scientist.46. 作为一个年轻人，他对新科技很感兴趣。
47. 这些经历帮助他想出他的发明。48. The mdel was made f wd.
他说它是世界历史上最重要的三个发展之一。第二节：
Is there anything wrng with yu?51. Where d yu wrk?
52. Is this the reasn?53. Is it serius?
54. What shuld I d?
第三节： 略
附录二
【知识运用】：
第一节：1~5：ABAAA6~10：CCCAB
第二节：11~15：CBBCA16~20：CACAB
【阅读技能】：
第一节：21~25：CCBBB
第二节：26~30：CAABB31~35：BCACC第三节：36~39：CEAB第四节：
Elephants were being held by nly a small rpe tied t their frnt leg.
Because they believe the rpe can still hld them, s they never try t break free.
N.43. The man was amazed.44. Try again.
【写作技能】：第一节：
这里有一些方法帮助你和他们保持亲近。
你可以通过电话或者是发送邮件来和他们交谈。
在他们逼迫你之前，你要是能够主动提供帮助就太可爱了。
My brther was talking t his friends ludly while I was ding my hmewrk at 8 p.m. last night.
The better yu d, the happier yu will be.
第二节：
I’d like t listen t a cncert.51. Hw abut ging t listen t the reprt?
52. When will it start?53. Hw can we get there?
54. Culd yu take sme mney?
第三节：略