高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks第2课时教案

Unit 3 Fascinating Parks

Learning about Language

Period 2 教学设计                                      

教材分析

本单元的目标语法结构是动词-ing形式作句子主语的功能和意义。运用动词-ing形式短语作主语，可以描述具体的行为或习惯等。动词-ing形式作主语一般直接放在句首，谓语动词用单数，在某些特定的句型中也可以用it 形式主语来指代。单元主题语境与语言结构的契合，能够确保语言使用的真实性和合理性，使学生充分感受和理解目标结构，并能自如地运用所学结构进行表达。

教学目标 

在本课学习结束时，学生能够：

1. 理解动词-ing作主语的功能和意义。

2. 能够正确使用动词-ing形式作主语描述具体的行为或习惯。

3. 能够从人文自然角度欣赏国内外著名的公园。

教学重难点

【教学重点】

引导学生结合真实语境理解和运用动词-ing作主语的形式。

【教学难点】

结合语境，能正确运用动词-ing作主语的形式完成有意义的表达。

教学过程

Step 1 Analyzing

1. Work on Activity 1. Identify the function of the -ing form in the sentences below. Then find more sentences with the -ing form from the reading passage and state their functions.

(1) Getting here is quite difficult. (subject)

  描述具体的行为，谓语动词是“is”

(2) Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. (predicative)

描述具体的行为，谓语动词是“makes”。

2. Work in pairs. Find more examples of from the unit.

(1) I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.

(2) Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.

(3) Checking my watch, I see that it is 7:30 a.m.

(4) Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.

(5) For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.

(6) But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions.

(7) For example, this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire dried reindeer meat, and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent.

(8) Here I am, alone under this broad sky, breathing the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure.

设计意图：引导学生关注语篇动词-ing形式作主语的语法现象，为语法学习做准备。

Step 2 Grammar Summary

1. 动词的-ing形式作主语一般有三种形式:

（1）在句首直接作主语。

例如：For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol of success.

（2）it在句首作形式主语，动词-ing形式在句子后部作真正的主语。

例如：It wasn’t easy knowing where the ball would go.

（3）There be +no+动词的-ing形式。

    例如：There was no telling when this might happen again.

          = It is impossible to tell when this might happen again.

2. 动词-ing形式作主语通常表示抽象性、经常性以及习惯性动作，谓语动词要用单数。

3.动词-ing形式作主语vs动词不定式作主语

（1）动词的-ing形式作主语：

    1）通常表示抽象动作，往往是普通的、一般的行为；

    2）通常表示已知的事情或经验。

    例如：Reading French is easier than speaking it.

（2）动词不定式作主语：

    1）通常表示某次具体动作或行为。

    2）通常表示一件未完成的事情或未达成的目的。

    例如：To stop the work now seems impossible.

设计意图：通过动词的-ing形式作主语的形式归纳，比较动词-ing形式作主语和动词不定式作主语的不同，等方式引导学生归纳提炼动词-ing形式作主语的作用。

Step 3 Practice

1. Work on Activity 2. Rewrite each of the following sentences using the -ing form as the subject.

EXAMPLE

It is challenging yet really fascinating to hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek. ►

Hiking through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating.

(1)      It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.►

(2)      It would hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold.►

(3)      Honestly, it can be both exciting and terrifying to explore a vast unknown land. ►

(4) It is good to adopt a positive attitude, even when things are difficult. ►

(5) It is strongly advised to hire local guides, because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history. ►

2. Think of the question: How does the sentence focus change?

The use of -ing forms as subjects puts the action first, making the sentences seem more dynamic.

设计意图：通过句子的改写练习，帮助学生进一步体会动词-ing形式作主语的表意功能和语义变化。

3. Work on Activity 3. Complete the passage below with the correct forms of the words in the box and state their functions.

Xixi National Wetland Park, ________ 10 square kilometres in western Hangzhou, is the first national wetland park in China. ________ city life, nature, and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi, ________ a boat tour, ________ along paths, and ________ local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of people’s favourite activities. With trees, bushes, and colourful flowers ________ along the riversides, the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons.

In order to better develop as well as preserve this place, ________ human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers. All the new buildings were designed in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment. This green, watery world is home to many birds and fishes. With trees ________ in the shallows, the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen, which makes it the “green lungs of Hangzhou”.

设计意图：从语篇连贯和意义表达的需要出发，帮助学生进一步理解动词-ing形式作主语在语篇中的作用。

4. Rewrite the sentences with -ing forms.

(1) I was late for class again, which made my teacher very angry.

    ______________________ made my teacher very angry.

(2) I remember that I have seen her somewhere in the past.

    I remember _________________ somewhere in the past.

(3) You should read English aloud every morning. It is of great help.

    ____________________ every morning is of great help.

(4) Don’t arrive too early for dinner in western countries. It is considered bad manners.

    In western countries, _________________ for a dinner is considered bad manners.

设计意图：通过改写句子的练习，综合考查学生在语境中正确使用动词-ing形式作主语。

Step 4 Assignment

Work in groups, choose a national park in China and discuss why it was set up as a national park and how people should protect it.

设计意图：创设情景，通过小组合作的方式引导学生运用所学讨论建立国家公园的意义，思考国家公园的环保理念。