2022-2023学年内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， Am等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 鄂尔多斯市一中2022-2023学年第一学期线上考试
高一英语
注意事项：本试卷满分120分，考试时间105分钟。请将所有答案填涂在答题纸上。
第I卷(选择题65分)
第一部分：阅读(共两小节;满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Accessible Adventures Near Global Airports
Adventure doesn’t have to mean inaccessible destinations. You may try one of these outdoor experiences. They’re all reasonably close to an airport, so your destinations are easy to reach.
Camp by Boat on California’s Anacapa Island
Airport: Los Angeles International Airport
Trips to Anacapa Island can be arranged year-round, and the rocky shores are popular places for camping and bird watching. This is truly remote, though—there are no goods, services, or accommodations on the island, so be prepared to be fully self-sufficient when you take a boat at the Channel Islands Harbor in Oxnard, just north of Los Angeles. From Los Angeles International Airport, you can take a bus for the scenic trip to the harbor.
Ski Snowy Slopes（斜坡）Just Outside Tokyo
Airport: Tokyo International Airport or Narita International Airport
It’s easy to find adventure just minutes after arriving in Japan, a country known for its bullet trains and efficient transportation. Make your way from either airport to Tokyo Station, and you’ll be just an hour and a half away from the snow-packed slopes of Gala Yuzawa.
Getting to the popular ski slopes is simple. It’s served by the bullet-train station and you can buy tickets and rent equipment only a few steps from the stop. Gala Yuzawa can be crowded, but it also has everything you need for a winter adventure.
Ride the Great Southern Rail from Adelaide to Darwin
Airports: Adelaide Airport and Darwin International Airport
See the red soil of Australia on The Ghan, a train line that stretches from Adelaide to Darwin. This interstate passenger train follows the route of ancient camel drivers and provides out-of-this-world views. The train trip takes three or four days without any stops.
Both the initial and final train stations on this route are close to airports—Adelaide Parklands Terminal is just about 5 kilometers from Adelaide Airport and Darwin Railway Station is about 16 kilometers from Darwin International Airport.
1. How can you get to the Channel Islands Harbor from the airport?
A. By bus. B. By boat. C. By air. D. By train.
2. When is the best time to go to Gala Yuzawa?
A. Winter. B. Spring. C. Summer. D. Autumn.
3. What can be learned about the distance between Adelaide Airport and Darwin International Airport?
A. Dozens of kilometers. B. Thousands of kilometers.
C. About five kilometers. D. About sixteen kilometers.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要给读者介绍一些交通方便到达的户外探险地点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二部分“From Los Angeles International Airport, you can take a bus for the scenic trip to the harbor.”（从洛杉矶国际机场，你可以乘坐一辆观光旅游大巴到达港口。）可知，从机场到港口可乘坐大巴。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文中第三部分“Gala Yuzawa can be crowded, but it also has everything you need for a winter adventure”（Gala Yuzawa可能比较拥挤，但如果是冬季探险，它拥有所有你所需要的。）可知，冬季应是最佳去的时间。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中第四部分“The train trip takes three or four days without any stops.”（这火车旅行中间不停下的情况需要花费三到四天。）可以知，从Adelaide 到 Darwin火车需要花费几天几天时间，可推断两地之间的距离比较远。故选B项。
B
Jacob Kohut finally had a break during his 12-hour shift standing guard outside the U.S. Capitol. He could have spent his break napping or joking with fellow National Guardsmen. Instead, he sat in the back of a Humvee, flute(长笛) in hand, teaching students via his laptop how to play Beethoven’s Ode to Joy.
Kohut has been in the military for 11 years as part of the 257th Army Band, playing several musical instruments. He also has been a band teacher for more than a decade, and for the past five years, he’s taught music at Canterbury Woods Elementary School in the morning and Frost Middle School in the afternoon.
When he was called up for duty, “my first thought was, what about my kids?” says Kohut. “The last thing these students need is a disturbance in their teaching. I would rather teach the class, even if that means I ’m tired.” When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely, finishing the lesson mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10. Am. Later in the day, during his break, he would go online to teach his middle school students.
Diane Leipzig, the principal of Canterbury Woods Elementary, assured Kohut she would find an alternative teacher to cover his classes while he protected the Capitol, but he insisted on continuing to teach. Leipzig wasn't surprised. “He would do anything for his students.” she says, “He is an excellent example. He teaches our kids the importance of practice, and determination.”
As the 11 instruments played by his virtual students synchronized(同步)in a song, the familiar melody of Ode to Joy rang through the Humvee. At that moment, Kohut realized there wasn't a timelier tune to teach his students."It's a symbol of unity and peace," he says. “And that's what the world needs right now.”
4. How did Kohut usually spend his break time?
A. He led his music class through a laptop
B. He would have a sound sleep
C. He taught students to play instruments on campus.
D. He told jokes with his colleagues.
5. What can be inferred about Kohut according to Diane Leipzig?
A. He teaches anything to students.
B. He is replaced by an alternative teacher.
C. His duty as a soldier conflicted with his teaching
D. He makes a great impact on students
6. According to the passage, which word can best describe Kohut?
A. Caring and demanding. B. Devoted and passionate
C. Cooperative and creative. D. Ambitious and intelligent
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. A soldier for politics education B. Struggling for Unity and Peace
C. A music teacher for the country D. Fighting for Country and Beethoven
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述Jacob Kohut应召回军队并在美国国会开始站岗后，仍然利用他的空闲时间，通过网络教他以前的学生音乐的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Instead, he sat in the back of a Humvee, flute(长笛) in hand, teaching students via his laptop how to play Beethoven’s Ode to Joy.”（相反，他坐在悍马车上，手里拿着长笛，通过电脑教学生怎么演奏贝多芬的欢乐颂。）可知，Jacob Kohut休息时间通过电脑教学生们吹长笛。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“He is an excellent example. He teaches our kids the importance of practice, and determination.”（他是一个很好的例子。他教会我们的孩子关于练习和恒心的重要性。）可知， Leipzig认为Kohut给学生树立很好榜样并产生积极影响。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely, finishing the lesson mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10. Am. Later in the day, during his break, he would go online to teach his middle school students.”（当值班时，Kohut的一天开始于早上远距离教他的小学班级，教完后马上又开始轮班站岗。晚些时候，他又在他休息的时候线上教他初中的学生们。）可知，Kohut一天到晚都精神饱满，孜孜不倦地上班和教学。Kohut忠诚而又热情。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述 Kohut号召归队，保卫国家的同时也不放弃以前他所带的学生，仍然继续利用空闲时间教他们音乐的事情。本文中心主要突出Kohut在保卫国家的同时也继续他的音乐教学。“为国家和贝多芬而战”最适合作文章标题。故选D项。
C
I went with my husband to Roatan for our vacation, a tropical island off the north coast of Honduras, where tourists can swim with dolphins at Anthony’s Key Resort.
The Roatan dolphins are kept in a roped-off pen(围栏). The cheapest “swim” with the dolphins costs $ 89. Kissing costs extra. The tourists line up and, one after another, get photographed while being “kissed” by a dolphin. The tourist bends down a bit, the trainer lifts an arm, the dolphin comes up and for a few seconds holds its bottlenose to the tourist’s face. The picture is ready for purchase when the tourists exit through the gift shop.
These tourists must love dolphins, but what kind of love is that? At sea these highly intelligent creatures are always on the move, traveling thousands of miles. They are complex social creatures that need a lot of space to live in.
Yet Teri Bolton, the head trainer at Anthony’s Key Resort, defends the pen as a suitable habitat. “We feel this is the closest to keeping things as natural as possible”, she said. “You’re getting a window into how these animals really are.”
The discussion about this tourist behavior can be found on the Internet. Some people try to justify their desire, saying the fence of the pen is low; the dolphins could jump over it if they wanted to, and therefore they’re staying in captivity(圈养)by free will. One contributor to the discussion said, “Dolphins are social creatures. Jumping over the fence would mean leaving the females and their babies. Besides, by now they are used to captivity with three meals a day. Jumping over the fence would be like asking you to jump out of a spaceship alone onto Mars.”
But visiting any institution that keeps dolphins in captivity means supporting the concept of captivity. It’s like wearing a fur coat and then justifying it by saying it’s OK because the animals are already dead.
Remember that you cannot buy love, and if you try to buy dolphin love, you hurt the ones you love. In fact, a dolphin’s kiss has nothing to do with love, just as a dolphin’s smile has nothing to do with happiness. While many claim that dolphin encounters provide healing(治疗）)qualities and help you to feel better, the opposite is true for the supposed healers.
8. How much does a tourist pay for a dolphin’s kiss?
A. More than $ 89. B. Less than $ 89.
C. As much as $ 89. D. It’s free of charge.
9. What do some people on the Internet think of the pen for dolphins?
A. It’s like a prison. B. It’s like a spaceship.
C. It’s no fun for the dolphins. D. It’s suitable for the dolphins.
10. What do the underlined “the supposed healers” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Dolphin lovers. B. Unhealthy people.
C. Dolphins in the wild. D. Dolphins in captivity.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Are Dolphins As Smart As Humans?
B. Swimming with Dolphins: Is It Love or Not?
C. Dolphins—Creatures with Feelings
D. Kissing—A New Way to Communicate with Dolphins
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要作者通过观看被圈养的海豚后有感，就圈养海豚现象提出质疑，驳斥一些人士提出的圈养论，提出海豚和人们表现出亲密的互动并不代表海豚自己快乐以及对人们有爱。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The cheapest “swim” with the dolphins costs $ 89. Kissing costs extra. ”(和海豚游泳最便宜要花费89美元，亲吻海豚要花费更多)可以推断，亲吻海豚花费超过89美元。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“the dolphins could jump over it if they wanted to, and therefore they’re staying in captivity（圈养）by free will. ”（海豚们如不想被圈养可以跳过围栏出去，所以他们保持圈养是他们自由的意愿）和“Besides, by now they are used to captivity with three meals a day. Jumping over the fence would be like asking you to jump out of a spaceship alone onto Mars.”（而且，到现在他们已经适应于一日三餐的圈养，跳出围栏就像叫你独自跳出太空飞船去火星一样）可以推断，一些人已经认为这些海豚已经适应圈养而不愿意再回归大自然了。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。由文章最后一段“While many claim that dolphin encounters provide healing qualities and help you to feel better, the opposite is true for the supposed healers.”（尽管很多人声称人类和海豚的邂逅能为人类提供疗养功效并帮助你感觉更好，对于这些所谓的治疗者来说，情况恰恰相反）可知，当人类寻求海豚治疗时，其实海豚才是受害者，它们更需治疗。所以the supposed healers暗指被圈养的海豚。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第二段“These tourists must love dolphins, but what kind of love is that? ”（这些游客肯定爱海豚，但这是那种爱？）可知，作者从第二段开始就人们和海豚轻吻游泳以及圈养海豚方面提出质疑，就这到底是对海豚的爱还是残害提出了讨论。B项“和海豚游泳：是不是爱？”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B项。
D
The driver who cuts you off in traffic.The neighbors who don't pick up after their dog.Situations such as these get our hearts racing and send our stress levels skyrocketing.Anger isn't a pleasant feeling.Some of us bottle up the emotion, while others explode in a wild rage (狂怒).Both habits do considerable harm to our bodies, our minds, and our relationships.
“Anger may fee1 uncomfortable and a lot of people think they have to get rid of their anger," says Patrick Keelan, a registered psychologist in Calgary, Alberta.“But anger is an emotion built into us to signal that something needs to be addressed.When we take notice of that signal and actually wrestle with the problem instead of turning a blind eye to it, we' re usually much better for it.”
Unfortunately, many of us have been conditioned to keep our emotions hidden.Increasingly,research is suggesting that this can have long-term effects on our health.Investigators at the University of Rochester noticed that people who contain their emotions tend to live shorter lives.When we're angry, stress hormones are released, which can make us more likely to develop a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, depression, immune related conditions.
Is it better, then, to scream and howl whenever something makes you mad? That's probably the reason why“rage rooms" have popped up in many American cities, where folks are invited to let steam off by violently smashing (打碎) stuff in a“safe" environment.However, the research indicates that when people display anger aggressively, it can actually increase the intensity of the anger -- and increase the likelihood of aggressive actions in the future.It doesn't take much imagination to predict how such behavior can affect your relationship with your spouse, your kids, or your colleagues.It also hurts your health.A large 2016 study at McMaster University found that people are more than twice as likely to have a heart attack after an angry explosion.
If we shouldn't bottle up our angry feelings but aggressive behavior isn't healthy either, how should we handle things that tick us of? It's the extreme highs and lows that cause the damage.If you're able to apply techniques that smooth out some of those peaks and valleys, you can have a gentler ride.
12. What does the underlined phrase“bottle up" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Build up.
B. Hold back.
C. Let off.
D. Bring out.
13. What does Patrick Keelan think of anger?
A. Uncomfortable and avoidable.
B. Terrible and threatening.
C. Confusing and complex.
D. Normal and natural.
14. What is the consequence of displaying anger aggressively?
A. It leads to people's depression.
B. It warns people against violence.
C. It adds to people's anger.
D. It helps people to calm down.
15. What will be talked about if the passage is continued?
A. Possible causes of anger.
B. Tips on handling anger.
C. Possible harm of anger.
D. Tips on avoiding anger.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章客观地分析了生气对人的健康造成的影响。

【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段画线短语所在句子的让步状语从句“while others explode in a wild rage (而其他人则勃然大怒)以及前一句“Anger isn't a pleasant feeling.”愤怒不是一种愉快的感觉。可知，有些人抑制住自己的情绪。推知“bottle up”的意思是“抑制，阻止”，B项“hold back”符合此意，故选B项。

【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段Patrick Keelan所说的话“But anger is an emotion built into us to signal that something needs to be addressed.When we take notice of that signal and actually wrestle with the problem instead of turning a blind eye to it, we' re usually much better for it.(但愤怒是一种内在的情感，它会发出需要解决某些问题的信号。当我们注意到这些信号并实际解决问题而不是对其视而不见时，我们通常会做得更好。)由此判断出，他认为愤怒是正常且自然的，故选D项。

【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“However, the research indicates that when people display anger aggressively, it can actually increase the intensity of the anger -- and increase the likelihood of aggressive actions in the future.(然而，研究表明，当人们以攻击性的方式表达愤怒时，实际上会增加愤怒的强度——并增加未来采取攻击性行为的可能性。)可知以攻击性方式表达愤怒会增加一个人的愤怒。故选C项。

【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段提出问题“If we shouldn't bottle up our angry feelings but aggressive behavior isn't healthy either, how should we handle things that tick us of?(如果我们不应该抑制我们的愤怒情绪，但攻击性行为也不健康，我们应该如何处理让我们生气的事情?)结合最后一句“If you're able to apply techniques that smooth out some of those peaks and valleys, you can have a gentler ride.(如果你能运用一些技巧来消除一些高峰和低谷，你就能有一个温和的旅程。)可推知接下来的内容应该是关于如何处理愤怒的建议/技巧。故选B项。

第二节：(共5小题，每个2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you often go out for shopping? How to avoid germs (病菌) when shopping in the grocery store? ____16____.
Firstly, go to the grocery store bright and early when they’re just opening. This might be your best option. By avoiding large groups of people, ____17____, as the virus is mainly spread through close contact with other people.
One of the easiest ways to spread the virus is by touching a contaminated (被污染的) surface and then touching your face, eyes, nose, or mouth. ____18____. This is a lot harder than it sounds, because people touch their faces more than 20 times in a single hour. While a mask can help prevent you from touching your mouth and nose, it is strongly recommended to wear one.
____19____. This may be as simple as avoiding a crowded aisle (过道) and circling back a few minutes later. Since other shoppers might not be as mindful as you are about maintaining social distance, be polite in your request that they keep their distance with a polite “excuse me.”
Just as you’re being thoughtful about your own health, be thoughtful about the health of others, suggests Dr. Larkin. “____20____, see if you can shop for them or teach them to use an online and delivery option,” she says. “Be patient and kind with one another, especially the workers keeping the stores open and functioning — and of course, if you are ill, please stay home and don’t expose others.”
A If you have an elderly neighbor who needs help
B. You had better stay at home instead of going out
C. Therefore, avoid touching your face while shopping
D. As a result, you should wear a mask when you go shopping
E. Moreover, try to maintain a safe, six-foot distance from other shoppers
F. Before you head out to one, you need some guidelines to ensure your safety
G. you decrease your risk of becoming infected
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了出去购物时避免感染病毒的几个建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文 “How to avoid germs (病菌) when shopping in the grocery store? （在杂货店购物时如何避免细菌呢?）”可知，空前提出问题。根据下文“Firstly, go to the grocery store bright and early when they’re just opening.（首先，在杂货店刚开门的时候，早点去杂货店。）”可知，下文介绍具体的方法，所以F项“Before you head out to one, you need some guidelines to ensure your safety（在你出去进一个杂货店之前，你需要一些指导来确保你的安全）”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“as the virus is mainly spread through close contact with other people（由于病毒主要通过与其他人的密切接触传播）”可知，空后是as引导一个原因状语从句，结合空前“By avoiding large groups of people（通过避免接触人群）”可知，G项“you decrease your risk of becoming infected（你就能减少感染的风险）”切题，故选G项。
【18题详解】
空前提到“One of the easiest ways to spread the virus is by touching a contaminated (被污染的) surface and then touching your face, eyes, nose, or mouth. （病毒传播最容易的一种方法就是通过接触被污染的表面，然后摸你的脸，眼睛，鼻子或者嘴巴）”，所以要避免感染就不要在购物时摸脸，C项“Therefore, avoid touching your face while shopping”符合语境。C项中“touching your face”与上下文呼应，且空后的This指代C项内容，故选C项。
【19题详解】
空处位于句首，是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句“Since other shoppers might not be as mindful as you are about maintaining social distance, be polite in your request that they keep their distance with a polite “excuse me.”（ 由于其他购物者可能不像你那样注意保持社交距离，所以在要求他们保持距离时要礼貌地说一句“对不起”）”可知，本段主要讲要保持距离，E项“Moreover, try to maintain a safe, six-foot distance from other shoppers（此外, 尽量与别的购物者保持安全的六英尺距离）”切题，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据空后的祈使句“see if you can shop for them or teach them to use an online and delivery option”以及空后的“逗号”可知，空格处应填入一个从句。上文提到“Just as you’re being thoughtful about your own health, be thoughtful about the health of others, suggests Dr. Larkin.”在关心自己健康的同时，还要关心别人的健康，结合空后“see if you can shop for them or teach them to use an online and delivery option（看看你是否能帮他们购物，或者教他们使用网上配送选择）”可推知，A项“If you have an elderly neighbor who needs help（如果你有年迈的邻居需要帮助）”切题，故选A项。
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分40分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management. As she____21____a glass of water everyone in the class____22____they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question. However, that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, “How much do you think this glass of water weighs?”
Answers called out____23____from eight to twenty ounces(盎司).
She quieted the students down and then responded, “The absolute weight doesn’t____24____. But it matters how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my ____25____. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the weight of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the____26____I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why?”
Lost in thought, all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully. “Our stresses and____27____in life are like that glass of water. If we____28____our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even unable to____29____.”
_____30_____you have to do is put all your burdens down, as_____31_____ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get_____32_____next morning and are able to move forward.
More often than not, life gets terrible when we think too much. And the moment you_____33_____your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.
So rather than being upset and feeling_____34_____for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to_____35_____yourself to anything that is not making you happy.
21. A. raised B. indicated C. pulled D. stressed
22. A. wondered B. agreed C. expected D. argued
23. A. read B. ranged C. replied D. seized
24. A. fade B. exist C. increase D. matter
25. A. stomach B. toe C. fingernail D. arm
26. A. longer B. deeper C. fewer D. further
27. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries
28. A. cover B. hide C. carry D. show
29. A. pick up B. carry on C. work out D. take in
30. A. Anything B. Nothing C. All D. Something
31. A. early B. eagerly C. quickly D. naturally
32. A. depressed B. entertained C. refreshed D. amazed
33. A. put up with B. catch up with C. look down on D. let go of
34. A. greedy B. confused C. sorry D. happy
35. A. treat B. abandon C. drive D. help
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过女教授让学生观察一杯水的重量的事例告诉读者：我们只有卸下压力和负担，才能活得更轻松。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水时，班上的每个人都认为他们会被问到“半空还是半满”的问题。A. raised筹集，举起；B. indicated表明；C. pulled拉；D. stressed强调。根据下文第三段“But it matters how long you hold it.”可知，老师举起一杯水。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水时，班上的每个人都认为他们会被问到“半空还是半满”的问题。A. wondered想知道；B. agreed同意；C. expected期待，预期；D. argued争论。根据“they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question.”可知，学生们预期老师会问的问题。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：答案从8盎司到20盎司不等。A. read阅读；B. ranged（在一定范围内）变化，变动；C. replied回复；D. seized抓住。range from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……的范围”。根据“from eight to twenty ounces(盎司).”可知，喊出的答案在8盎司到20盎司之间变动。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让学生们安静下来，然后回答说：“绝对重量不重要。”A. fade逐渐消失；B. exist存在；C. increase增长；D. matter重要。根据“But it matters how long you hold it.”可知，女教授认为这杯水绝对重量不重要。空处和后句中的“matters”原词复现。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我拿着它一个小时，我的手臂就会疼。A. stomach胃；B. toe脚趾；C. fingernail指甲；D. arm手臂。根据“If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.”可知，此处是信息词arm的词汇复现。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我拿着它一个小时，我的手臂就会疼。A. longer更长的；B. deeper更深的；C. fewer更少的；D. further更进一步的。根据“If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my 　　5　　. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.”可知，举起杯子的时间越长，它就变得越重。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们生活中的压力和担忧就像那杯水。A. doubts怀疑；B. joys快乐；C. surprises惊喜；D. worries担心。根据“Our stresses”可知，此空处和“stresses”并列，表示“担心”。故选D。
28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们一直背负着负担，迟早会感到筋疲力尽，甚至无法继续下去。A. cover覆盖；B. hide隐藏；C. carry携带；担负；D. show展示。根据“burdens all the time,”可知，如果一致背负着负担，迟早会筋疲力尽。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们一直背负着负担，迟早会感到筋疲力尽，甚至无法继续下去。A. pick up捡起，开车接送；B. carry on继续；C. work out计算出，锻炼；D. take in吸收，理解。根据“sooner or later, we will feel exhausted”和“even”可知，此处表示甚至生活都无法继续。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下，越早越好。A. Anything任何事情；B. Nothing没有什么；C. All一切；D. Something一些事情。根据“put all your burdens down,”可知，你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下，越早越好。A. early早地；B. eagerly渴望地；C. quickly迅速地；D. naturally自然地。根据“Don’t carry them through the evening into the night;”可知，要尽早放下负担。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要把它们从晚上带到夜里；这样做，我们第二天早上就能精神焕发，继续前进。A. depressed沮丧的；B. entertained娱乐的；C. refreshed神清气爽的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据“Don’t carry them through the evening into the night;”可知，这样做以后第二天会神清气爽。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当你卸下负担的那一刻，你会发现自己感到轻松多了。A. put up with忍受；B. catch up with追上，赶上；C. look down on轻视，看不起；D. let go of释放。根据“you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.”可知，放下负担，就会变得轻松。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，与其为自己感到难过和抱歉，不如开始做点什么。A. greedy贪婪的；B. confused困惑的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. happy高兴的。feel sorry for为固定短语，表示“为……难过，遗憾”。根据“start doing something about it.”可知，不要为自己感到难过和抱歉。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，生命太短，不要把自己沉溺在那些不让自己快乐的事情上。A. treat对待，治疗；B. abandon废弃；C. drive驾驶；D. help帮助。abandon oneself to为固定短语，意为“沉溺于”。根据“anything that is not making you happy.”可知，不要让自己沉溺于不开心的事情。故选B。
第II卷(非选择题 55分)
第二节：(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese TV drama Awakening Age, which narrates the story of how the Communist Party of China(CPC) ____36____（found) in 1921, ended several months ago, but it remains a hot topic on social media, ____37____ the discussion shows that it has played a positive role in educating young people about China's revolutionary history.
The TV series ____38____ (celebrate) this year's 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC has won high praise online. The stories of the young people in the drama - who devoted everything, even their lives, ____39____ the revolution- have touched a large number of viewers. The storytelling in the show has also been praised by viewers for successfully showing the ____40____（deep) of the CPC's history and spirit, as well as the warmth of China and every family in the country.
Many audiences were inspired to find background information about the series and commented that this is their first time ____41____（learn) the history about the founding of the Party and the country. “I read many of Lu Xun's novels such as A Madman's Diary when I was in elementary school,____42____ I couldn't understand why he wrote them or the angry feelings hiding in the characters. After watching the drama, I read ____43____（they) again and found that I can now understand ____44____ they wanted to convey to readers," said Li Lin, _____45_____ 18-year-old viewer.
【答案】36. was founded
37. where 38. celebrating
39. to 40. depth
41. to learn
42. but 43. them
44. what 45. an
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《觉醒时代》这部电视剧。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国电视剧《觉醒时代》讲述了中国共产党在1921年成立的故事，几个月前结束了，但它仍然是社交媒体上的热门话题，讨论表明它在教育年轻人了解中国革命历史方面发挥了积极作用。根据时间状语“in 1921”可知，此处为一般过去时，主语the Communist Party of China和found为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was founded。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词social media，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这部庆祝今年中国共产党成立100周年的电视剧在网上获得了高度评价。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词The TV series，celebrate和The TV series为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填celebrating。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：剧中的年轻人为革命奉献了一切，甚至他们的生命，他们的故事感动了大量的观众。devote…to…为固定短语，意为“把……贡献给，献身于”。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：节目的叙事方式也受到了观众的好评，因为它成功地展示了中国共产党历史和精神的深度，以及中国和每个家庭的温暖。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词depth，此处表抽象概念，不可数。故填depth。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多观众受到启发，去寻找有关该系列的背景信息，并评论说，这是他们第一次了解党和国家的建党历史。空处修饰名词time，需用非谓语动词作定语，time前面有first修饰，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to learn。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：“上小学的时候，我读过鲁迅的很多小说，比如《狂人日记》，但我不明白他为什么要写这些，也不明白书中隐藏的愤怒情绪。”上下文之间是转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：“看完之后，我又读了一遍，发现我现在能理解他们想要传达给读者的信息了。”李林，一位18岁的观众说。此处需填they的宾格形式作宾语。故填them。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意同上。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。viewer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且18-year-old发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(15 分)
46. 假定你是津英中学高一学生谢飞。今年11月份你因病住院两周。在此期间，你的外国朋友 Francis 经常在线上辅导你学习英语，鼓励你积极面对生活，战胜困难。请给他写一封电子邮件表达你的感激之情，内容包括：
1.告知近况；
2.回顾帮助；
3.邀请他春节来你家。
注意：1.词数不少于 100；
2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
3.开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Francis,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Xie Fei
【答案】Dear Francis,
How is everything going? With the Spring Festival approaching, I’m writing to convey my great gratitude for your help during my two weeks in hospital.
I’ll never forget the support and comfort you gave me while I was in hospital this September. You not only helped me with my English study online but also offered valuable suggestions, which still play a significant impact on me now. In the two weeks, I was in low spirits, with lots of concerns on mind. Your timely encouragement fueled my confidence and bravery, so that I could face the challenges with a positive attitude.
Now I’m fully occupied in preparing for the entrance examination to college. Though it is hard and stressful, I still manage to strike a balance between study and life, doing sports with my classmates occasionally.
I’d like to invite you to come to my house for the Spring Festival if possible. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Xie Fei
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于感谢信。要求考生写一封感谢信，感谢在住院期间，外国朋友Francis对自己的帮助和鼓励。
【详解】1.词汇积累
影响：impact→influence/effect
促进，提升：fuel→build up
忙于：be occupied in→be busy in
偶然地：occasionally→by accident
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the Spring Festival approaching, I’m writing to convey my great gratitude for your help during my two weeks in hospital.
复合句：As the Spring Festival is approaching, I’m writing to convey my great gratitude for your help during my two weeks in hospital.
【点睛】【高分句型1】You not only helped me with my English study online but also offered valuable suggestions, which still play a significant impact on me now. (运用了not only...but also...连接并列结构和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Though it is hard and stressful, I still manage to strike a balance between study and life, doing sports with my classmates occasionally. (运用了though引导让步状语从句和现在分词作伴随状语)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Charles lived a lonely life after his wife passed away. Unfortunately, he lost his son in a car accident months after losing his wife, so he had nobody in his life he could call family.
He was a millionaire businessman before he sold his company to live a life away from chaos. He had a large house and lots of money, but he was lonely and sad.
One summer morning, Charles was reading newspaper in the living room when he heard his neighbor, Mrs. Francis, talking with someone. He went to the front door and opened it to see what was going on. He noticed a well-dressed boy standing in Mrs. Francis’ doorway.
“Please, madam,” the boy begged. “I need the money. I’m not lying.” “But you don’t look like someone who needs to beg for a living! How can I give you money?” replied Mrs. Francis. Charles saw the boy’s head dropped and that his face looked sad. Not wanting to judge the boy without knowing the whole story, Charles asked from his doorstep, “Hey, there! Can I help you?”
The boy raised his head and dashed to Charles’ door. “Yes, sir! I’m George. I’m eight years old. I’m going from door to door asking for donations to pay for my mother’s operation. But your neighbor didn’t believe me. She thought I was skipping school to ask for money. I promise I’ll not waste your money! Can you help me?” he asked sincerely.
“But she was not totally wrong, dear,” Charles said, staring at the kid. “Aren’t you supposed to be in class at this hour?” The boy replied he was spending his summer holidays. After a brief pause, he sighed, “I tried looking for work, but everyone said I’m too young. My mother needs operation two weeks later, so I want to collect money for her. I’m planning to give her the money on her birthday next week so that she can be happy and healthy soon.”
Charles asked, “Well, how about working for me? All you have to do is help me a little around the house and get groceries for me. In return, I’ll pay you. Deal?”
Paragraph 1:
George happily nodded and said, “Deal! Can I start to work today?”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
After a week passed, Charles paid a visit to George’s house.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
George happily nodded and said, “Deal! Can I start to work today?” Charles smiled, “Why not?” Then, he handed George a shopping list. George left with it happily. After returning, he helped Charles walk the dog. Charles joyfully chatted with George, which quite relieved his loneliness. From that day on, George came to Charles’ house every day to help him. With time going by, Charles and George became good friends, sharing stories about each other’s life over tea. Charles learned that George’s father had passed away when he was three.
Paragraph 2:
After a week passed, Charles paid a visit to George’s house. Charles handed George’s mother the cake he had bought and her son’s wage and thanked her for her son’s help. What’s more, he handed her a check to cover her surgery fee. The woman, who was lying in bed, couldn’t help crying because of Charles’ kindness and her son’s thoughtfulness. Before long, George’s mother had surgery. While she was recovering, Charles often visited them and offered those help. For Charles, he didn’t feel lonely anymore because of George’s company and visits.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Charles虽有钱，但因为妻子和儿子的离世而孤独伤心，于是把公司卖了，搬到远离嘈杂的地方居住。一个夏天的早上，当他在房间里看报的时候，听到邻居Mrs. Francis跟人在交谈，于是他过去看了看，看见一个穿着整洁的小男孩站在邻居家门口乞讨。邻居拒绝给他钱。于是，Charles把小男孩（George）叫过来。George希望通过他的努力为妈妈筹集动手术的钱，并愿意为Charles干活赚得工资为妈妈治病。了解了事情的真相后，他决定给George一个机会的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“George高兴地点点头，说：“成交！我今天能开始工作吗？””可知，第一段可描写Charles答应了，George就按照Charles吩咐的去做，最终两人成为朋友。
②由第二段首句内容“一个星期过去了，Charles去George家拜访。”可知，第二段可描写Charles带着鲜花、George的工资及他妈妈动手术需要的费用。在George的妈妈面前，Charles对George的表现大加赞赏，并希望能帮助到George一家。
2.续写线索：答应——帮助——成为朋友——拜访——支付手术费——感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①递给：hand/pass
②.返回：return /come back
③.和某人聊天：chat with sb./have a chat with sb.
情绪类
①. 高兴地：joyfully / cheerfully
②. 感谢：thank /be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Charles joyfully chatted with George, which quite relieved his loneliness.（运用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. The woman, who was lying in bed, couldn’t help crying because of Charles’ kindness and her son’s thoughtfulness.（运用了关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）