2022无锡高二下学期期末考试英语含解析

无锡市普通高中 2022 年春学期高二期终调研考试试题

英语

注意事项及说明:

1. 考试前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚.

2. 试卷共 150 分, 考试时间120分钟.

3. 答案一律写在答题纸/卡上.考试结束时, 上交答题纸/卡.

第一卷 (共95分)

第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)

做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸/卡上.

第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题. 每段对话仅读一遍.

1. What kind of ice cream does the man want?

A. A coffee one.         B. An orange one.         C. A chocolate one.

2. What kind of music did Billy usually listen to last year?

A. Classical.            B. Rock.           C. Jazz.

3. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Strangers.          B. Friends.         C. Relatives.

4. How much did the woman's coat cost?

A. 50 yuan.           B. 200 yuan.             C. 400 yuan.

5. What will the man probably do next?

A. Go to the hospital.          B. Drink some water.         C. Mail some letters.

第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间. 每段对话或独白读两遍.

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.

6. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a hotel.            B. In a gym.            C. In a restaurant.

7 What will the man be able to see from the window?

A. The pool.          B. The town square.           C. The sea.

听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题.

8. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Memories of childhood.  

B. Experiences about looking after kids.   

C. Methods of starting business for kids.

9. Why did the woman offer to look after the kids?

A. Because her cousin was too busy.

B. Because she wanted to earn some money.

C. Because it was beneficial for her college entrance.

10. What was difficult for the woman?

A. Feeding the kids.       B. Playing with the kids.        C. Getting the kids to sleep.

听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题.

11. How many times has the man tried rock climbing?

A. Once.           B. Twice         C. Three times.

12. What does the woman think about rock climbing now?

A. Scary.          B. Exciting.            C. Boring.

13. Why does the man go to the gym?

A. To stay healthy.         B. To look for fun.          C. To train for rock climbing.

听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题.

14. What does the man ask Ellie to do?

A. Clear up the leaves.          B. Wash the dishes.        C. Clean the car.

15. Why does the man increase the pay for Ellie?

A. To cheer her up.        B. To know her secret.       C. To encourage her to work.

16. What does Ellie want to do?

A. Save for a new car.    B. Get some spending money.      C. Prepare a gift for her mother.

听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题.

17. Who is Mark?

A. A professor.        B. A photographer.           C. A tour guide.

18. What is the Lake side Castle used as now?

A. A park.         B. A museum.         C. A restaurant.

19. What will the visitors do in Green Man Hall?

A. Have lunch.           B. Visit a prince.          C. Climb a tower.

20. Which destination is the oldest?

A. The Tiger Tower.        B. The Green Man Hall.        C. The Lake side Castle.

第二部分 阅读 (共两节,满分50分)

第一节 阅读理解 ( 共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)

请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑.

A

HUAWFI Marketing and International Business Internship (实习)

1. Who is the text intended for?

A. The general public. B. College students.

C. Technology experts. D. Marketing workers.

2. What is the benefit of the internship program?

A. Making a difference to the participants’ future career.

B. Offering skills to develop new smartphones for the market.

C. Providing various on-line and off-line marketing activities.

D. Helping participants to develop a positive can-do attitude.

3. In which column of a newspaper can the text be found?

A. Society. B. Economy.

C Entertainment. D. Employment.

B

Researchers at Duke University have showed the first attack strategy that can fool autonomous vehicle sensors (传感器) into believing nearby objects are closer (or further) than they appear.

One of the biggest challenges researchers developing autonomous systems have to worry about is protecting against attacks. A common strategy to secure safety is to check data from separate instruments to make sure their measurements make sense together. The most common locating technology used by today’s autonomous car companies combined 2 D data from cameras and 3D data from LIDAR, which is actually laser-based radar (激光雷达). This combination has proven very powerful against a wide range of attacks that attempt to fool the visual system (可视系统) into seeing the world incorrectly.

The new attack strategy works by shooting a laser gun into a car’s LIDAR sensor to add false data points. If those data points are wildly out of place with what a car’s camera is seeing, previous research has shown that the system can recognize the attack. But the new research shows that 3D LIDAR data points carefully placed within a certain area of a camera’s 2D field of view can fool the system.

The path to protecting against the new attacks is added stereo cameras. Stereo cameras are more likely to be reliable. Perfectly securing the entire vehicle would require as many sets of stereo cameras around its entire body as possible to provide 100 % coverage. Another option is to develop systems in which cars close to one another share some of their data. Physical attacks are not likely to be able to affect many cars at once, and because different brands of cars may have different operating systems, a network attack is not likely to be able to hit all cars with a single blow.

4. What helps autonomous driving systems protect against attacks?

A. The convincing data from the Laser-based radar.

B. The locating technology from the Duke University researchers.

C. The combination of 2D data from cameras and 3D data from LIDAR.

D. The combination of autonomous laser guns and auto not no us vehicle sensors.

5. What does the underlined words “those data points” refer to in Paragraph 3?

A. False data points in the LIDAR. B. The laser gun in the LIDAR.

C. False data points in the cameras. D. The laser gun in the cameras.

6. What is a possible way to protect against the new attacks?

A. 100 % coverage of LIDAR. B. Data sharing in stereo cameras.

C. 100 % coverage of car brands. D. Data sharing among nearby cars.

7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Previous research — out of date? B. Self-driving vehicle — always safe?

C. Previous research — out of danger? D. Self-driving vehicle — always popular?

C

The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games are not only about heart-pounding sporting events, but also about countless heartwarming moments. They occur almost every day between athletes from different countries, athlete and volunteers, as well as athlete and audience’s, and have created a great sensation (轰动) online, with many saying it is moments such as these that make the Olympics so fascinating.

US snow boarder Tessa Maud did not win a place in the half pipe final, but went horn with many new Chinese fans. The 19- year-old became popular after sharing details of her stay in Beijing on TikTok, from hearing a volunteer shout “Welcome to China” at the opening ceremony to all the delicious food she ate.

In the videos recording her last day in China, Maud said she felt “so sad and (was) going to cry on the plane”. The videos got hundreds of comments of love and support from Chinese followers. “Lovely Tessa, you are ALWAYS welcome to come back here again,” one wrote.

On Feb. 8, freestyle skier Gu Ailing won the gold for China in the women’s freestyle big air, followed by Tess Ledeux of France and Switzerland’s Mathilde Gremaud. When Ledeux looked upset after her final jump, Gu and Gremaud rushed over to comfort her. The picture of three medalists (奖牌获得者) hugging quickly went widely online, with many saying it was the perfect display of Olympic friendship.

On social media, athlete have shared their experiences and feelings about the Games, ranging from being amazed by the Chinese technology at the Olympic Village food court, to feeling touched by the unique enthusiasm of the Chinese volunteers.

“Since the opening of the Winter Olympics in Beijing, there have been many little stories conveying warmth, friendship and unity,” Zhao Lijian, a spokesman of the Foreign Affairs Ministry, said at a news conference on Feb. 8. “All of term — the athlete, the volunteers and the audiences — have not only chosen to interpret the Olympic slogan — Faster, Higher, Stronger, Together — at competition venues, but also to develop friendships through interaction outside venues.” Zhao said, adding that “this is the beauty of the Olympics. Love unite because of the Beijing Winter Olympics”.

8. What adds to the fascination of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics?

A. The heart-pounding sporting events. B. The great sensation online and offline.

C. The countless heartwarming moments. D. The interaction between athletes and audiences.

9. Why did Tessa Maud gain popularity among Chinese?

A. She displayed amazing courage in face of her failure.

B. She showed deep love for the traditional Chinese food.

C. She paid adequate attention to supporting the Chinese TikTok.

D. She made great contributions to spreading the Chinese culture.

10. What message does the author seem to convey in Paragraph 4?

A. Unity stands out among the Olympic slogan.

B. Peace spreads between athlete and audience.

C. Friendship develops between athletes from different countries.

D. Competition lies everywhere in the Olympic Games.

11. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A. To summarize the beauty of the Olympics.

B. To demonstrate the advanced Chinese technology.

C. To describe the enthusiasm of the Chinese volunteers.

D. To praise the spokesman of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.

D

Imagine walking into your local grocery store on a freezing January day to pick up freshly harvested cabbage, juicy sweet strawberries, and ripe red tomatoes — all of which were harvested at a local farm only hours before you’d arrived. You might be imagining buying that fresh produce from vertical farms where farmers can grow indoors year-round by controlling light, temperature, water, and carbon dioxide levels as well. Generally, fresh produce grown in vertical farms travels only a few miles to reach grocery store shelves compared to conventional produce, which can travel thousands of miles by truck or plane.

Beyond providing fresh local produce vertical agriculture could help increase food production and expand agricultural operations as the world’s population is projected to go beyond 9 billion by 2050. And by that same year, two out of every three people are expected to live in urban areas. Producing fresh greens and vegetables close to these growing urban populations could help meet growing global food demands in an environment ally responsible and sustainable way by reducing distribution chains to offer lower emissions, providing higher-nutrient produce, and completely reducing water usage and run off.

Recently, the US Department of Agriculture and Energy held a workshop focusing on vertical agriculture and sustainable urban ecosystems. At this workshop, field experts were responsible for thought-provoking presentations followed by small group discussions focusing on areas such as plant breeding, pest management, and engineering. Workshop team-workers from public and private departments worked together to identify the challenge, needs, and opportunities for vertical farming. A report on this workshop will be produced by research secretaries to help inform depart mental strategic planning efforts for research focus and funding opportunities.

Experts are excited about the potential opportunities vertical agriculture presents to address food security. The National Institute for Food and Agriculture also has funding opportunities that could support future vertical agriculture conference and research. Similarly, the Agricultural Research Service is working on a project to increase U. S. Tomato production and quality in green houses and other protected-environments.

12. What is the common characteristic of produced from the vertical agriculture?

A. Natural. B. Ego-friendly. C. Inexpensive. D. Low-nutrient.

13. Why does the author mention “urban populations” in Paragraph 2?

A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a definition.

C. To present a reason. D. To make a comparison.

14. How does the author introduce the daily routine at the workshop?

A. In order of time. B. Via the division of labour.

C. In order of importance. D. Via the discussion of problems.

15. What’s the author’s attitude towards vertical farming?

A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Curious. D. Worried.

第二节  七选五阅读 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分 )

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项. 选项中有两项为多余选项.

When you are communicating, you spend nearly 60 % of your time listening to other people, but most people only absorb 25 % of what they hear. ___16___

Be more present.

Do you find yourself looking at your phone or following a TV show during a conversation with a family member or a friend? ___17___ You might think you are listening, even if you aren’t looking at the person, but the chances are that your attention is more divided.

Be more inter active.

Being a good listener doesn’t just mean you only let the other person speak. ___18___ Allow your questions to take the conversation forward and to leave enough room for the person to continue talking — you don’t want to hurry or pressure the person into saying anything.

Train your emotional intelligence.

The way you are able to manage your own emotions influences your ability to listen to other people. ___19___ Learn to understand your own emotions, both the negative and positive feelings and be aware of your reactions when you are listening to someone. Emotional intelligence is especially important when you are listening to a critique (批评). You can’t let your emotions rule too much and even when you get emotional.

Make note of the conversation.

 ___20___ What have you and the other person got out of it? Make a note of the conversation, perhaps even list the key points as you are developing your listening skills. This not only helps you remember the discussion longer, but it also can teach you a lot about yourself and help you further improve your listening as well as communication skills as a whole.

A. Listen to another person.

B. And the good news is that you can train it.

C. You also need to ask meaningful questions.

D. What is the key message of the last discussion?

E. Listening is not the same as waiting for your turn to talk.

F. These absence of attention can have much big consequences.

G. So how can you listen more and become the person people want to talk to?

第三部分  语言运用(共四节,满分45分)

第一节完形填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)

请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸/卡上将该项涂黑.

Akondi was trapped by the travel ban because of the lock down. She longed to ___21___ in her own way during a national emergency.

On the evening of May all, she ___22___ a group of migrants (移民) being stopped by the police. Akondi learnt that they were ___23___ their way to their distant home. Akondi ___24___ thought of helping them, ___25___ there were 10 children and a pregnant lady.

Her first ___26___ was to help them get movement passes within the state. Then, Akondi arranged for food and ___27___ the railway authorities to let them stay at the station.

Akondi next turned her attention to the women, ___28___ for vitamins and medication for them. Alongside the arrangements, she also made frequent posts to the social media, ___29___ attention and help for the migrants. There was no ___30___ for days, but she didn't give up.

Her steady efforts finally ___31___ On May 19, the happy group were waving a ___32___ goodbye to Akondi. “Some of them still send me ___33___ of themselves,” she tells us.

Afterwards, Akondi ___34___ to help other migrants — around 3,000, in fact — reach their homes. ___35___ the world came to a standstill, this woman became the ant that moved mountains.

21. A. intensify B. challenge C. contribute D. balance

22. A. ran across B. ran after C. looked into D. looked after

23. A. giving B. making C. losing D. feeling

24. A. casually B. cautiously C. frequently D. instantly

25. A. suspecting B. anticipating C. inquiring D. noticing

26. A. task B. choice C. theme D. danger

27. A. allowed B. helped C. expected D. convinced

28. A. asking B. arranging C. waiting D. preparing

29. A. turning B. paying C. seeking D. offering

30. A. advice B. information C. agreement D. response

31. A. took off B. turned off C. paid off D. put off

32. A. tearful B. regretful C. fearful D. hopeful

33. A. presents B. pictures C. vitamins D. parcels

34. A. learnt B. longed C. continued D. remembered

35. A. As if B. Even as C. In case D. Now that

第二卷 (共55分)

第二节 短文语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分,满分10分 )

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容 (一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.

A Journey to the Center of the Earth is an 1864 science fiction novel by rules verge. The scientific knowledge in the book is old, but this has nothing to do with the ___36___ (popular) of the book.

There are three main ___37___ (character) in the book: axes, the narrator of the story; his uncle, Professor Lidenbrock, the scientist of geology, and Hans, their ___38___ (faith) Iceland guide.

The Professor was ___39___ impatient person, but he insisted on continuing the journey, and finally ___40___ (manage) it. Hans was silent and incredibly calm. As long as the Professor was hiring him and paid his wage ___41___ (regular), he could do anything for him, despite the seemingly hopeless situation. His faith, courage and excellent skills saved the other two companions for several times.

One day, the Professor found a book, ___42___ described the way down to the center of the Earth. He and his companions got equipped immediately, ___43___ (start) their adventurous journey. What was waiting for them? Well, we can only figure this out by reading the book.

The book is a short one. Some words in it may be difficult ___44___ (understand). But don't worry! Not knowing these words will not stop us understanding the plot. And the rest are easy. Therefore, it should be a suitable book ____45____ high school students and the fans of science fiction.

第三节 用所给词的适当形式填空 ( 共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分 )

46. The hydrothermal vents form in volcanic ally active areas, _________ (pour) mineral-rich fluids into the sea. （所给词的适当形式填空）

47. Most adults do not feel ________ (competence) to deal with a medical emergency involving a child. （所给词的适当形式填空）

48. With everything ready, the twins ________(swing) into action, cooking breakfast for their mum. （所给词的适当形式填空）

49. The moral dilemma that comes with how to _________(ethical) program self-driving cars has yet to be resolved. （所给词的适当形式填空）

50. With all sorts of services provided online, my life _________(simply) in countless ways so far. （所给词的适当形式填空）

51. The invisible microuniverse is filed with endless________ (possibility) waiting to be explored. （所给词的适当形式填空）

52. Face _________ (cover) in sweat, the farmer was walking through the field, carefully checking his crops. （所给词的适当形式填空）

53. Learning isn't a solo effort and working with others can be very ________(stimulate ). （所给词的适当形式填空）

54. The HSR network greatly enhanced the national railway’s __________ (efficient). （所给词的适当形式填空）

55. The tiny diamond-shaped structure covering the wings of the butterflies will cause some color wavelengths ______ (cancel) out. （所给词的适当形式填空）

第四节 根据要求翻译句子(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分 )

56. 鉴于他们缺乏经验，这个工作已经算是做得很好了。 ( given ) （汉译英）

57. 在这个问题上，他的观点跟我完全一致。 ( in line with ) （汉译英）

58. 直到我和他讲话，他才注意到我。 ( It was … that … ) （汉译英）

59. 过去的几十年已经见证了中国经济的快速发展。 (witness ) （汉译英）

60. 我们认识到诚实的重要性。 ( be impressed on ) （汉译英）

第四部分 写作 (满分25分)

61. 请阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文

What if you were deaf? What if you were sick with cancer? What if you were suffering from both? What would be your last wish?

Kenneth was the right unfortunate boy, whose single mother was both deaf and seriously sick with hopeless cancer. How eager her mother was to hear, enjoy, and appreciate the most beautiful sound of the world! For her, it undoubtedly came from her beloved 15-year-old son — Kenneth.

Kenneth was sent by his mother to a famous piano teacher who took him in under her guidance, and Kenneth was devoted to each piano lessons and practiced extremely hard. However, there was one small problem. Kenneth was not music ally talented and therefore was very slow in learning. The teacher didn’t have much faith in the boy because of his weakness. However, his mother was very enthusiastic and every week she would send Kenneth to the teacher.

Then one day Kenneth stopped attending the piano lessons The teacher thought that he had given up and in fact she was quite pleased since she did not give much hope to Kenneth.

Not long after the piano teacher was given the task to organize a piano concert in the town. She sent out leaflets to invite the students and public to attend the event. Suddenly, she received a call from Kenneth who offered to take part in the concert. The teacher told him that he was not good enough and that he was no longer a student since he had stopped coming for lessons. Kenneth begged her to give him a chance and promised that he would not let her down.

Finally, she gave in and she put him to play last, hoping that he would change his mind at the last minute.

When the big day came, the concert hall was crowded with excited people. The performance was wonderful, the atmosphere was warm, everyone was in a celebratory mood, indulging (沉浸) in the wonderful music feast, and the applause and cheers were warmly received.

注意:

1. 续写词数应为150左右:

2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好.

Paragraph 1:

Finally, it was Kenneth’s turn to play.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

After the performance, the piano teacher asked Kenneth how he managed to play so brilliantly.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________