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2022上海市实验学校高三四月月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022上海市实验学校高三四月月考英语试题含解析，文件包含上海市实验学校2021-2022学年高三四月月考英语试题含解析docx、上海市实验学校2021-2022学年高三四月月考英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共38页， 欢迎下载使用。
上海市实验学校 2021 学年第二学期 高三四月月考 英语卷
1、考试时间 120 分钟， 试卷满分 140 分。
2、试卷分为 I 卷和Ⅱ卷， 全卷共 14 页(试题部分 11 页、答题部分 3 页)。
3、所有选择题和语法题均在问卷星上完成，并及时提交。
4、 概要、翻译和作文写在答题纸上，拍照后上传至 QQ 群英语作业。
Listening Comprehension (25%) Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At 10:00. B. Around 9:00. C. At 8:00 D. Around 7:00.
2. A. On a plane. B. On a train. C. At a restaurant. D. At a travel agency.
3. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Shop assistant and her manager.
C. Shop assistant and her father. D. Customer and tailor.
4. A. She wrote it last semester. B. She’ll finish it very soon.
C. She never does assignments early. D. She isn’t going to write it.
5. A. She should work in the summer school.
B. She shouldn’t go to New York in summer.
C. She may not want to do so.
D. She may have difficulty in doing so.
6. A. Spend more time on the course.
B. Turn to the graduate assistant for help.
C. Drop the lesson as soon as possible.
D. Help the graduate assistant with the lesson
7. A. They should buy a lot of milk.
B. The supermarket isn’t going to be closed.
C. Milk is out of stock in the supermarket.
D. They should wait for a better deal on milk.
8. A. $15. B. $10. C. $30 D. $50.
9. A. The woman doesn’t know how the calculator works.
B. The woman should enter the number in a different order.
C. The calculator needs a new battery.
D. The battery is not correctly positioned.
10. A. The man is too forgetful. B. The man shouldn’t get annoyed.
C. The man has too many keys. D. The man should attend more lessons.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To take medicine. B. To sleep more.
C. To work less. D. To go travelling.
12. A. They are not harmful to the brain. B. They have more benefits than harm.
C. They are not worth the price at all. D. They are valuable but costly.
13 A. They damage a person’s mental health.
B. They reduce a person’s chance of recovery.
C. They slow down a person’s reaction to changes.
D. They worsen a person’s existing trouble.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. A suitcase. B. A woolen blanket C. An alarm clock. D. A shirt.
15. A. Alarm clocks are not allowed on board.
B. The speaker had a time bomb in the suitcase.
C. The ticking noise of the clock caused him the trouble.
D. The airline official and the police officer played a joke on him.
16. A. He forgot one of his suitcases. B. He wanted to get out to smoke.
C. He had lost his cell phone. D. He was asked to get off.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Swimming. B. Skateboarding. C. Hiking. D. Skiing.
18. A. Because the condition of the road surface may be dangerous.
B Because the equipment can show one’s sports capability.
C. Because the equipment is not expensive to purchase.
D. Because the rules of the sports require one to do so.
19. A. To solve his traffic problems. B. To make his life more fun.
C. To finish his work. D. To entertain young people.
20. A. Neither is interesting. B. Neither is popular.
C. Both are exciting yet dangerous. D. Both are convenient yet boring.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
U.S. researchers have found traces of an ancient lake on Mars recently, increasing hopes of discovering evidence ____1____ billions of years ago the Red planet hosted life.
“The lake appears _____2_____ (cover) as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1,500 feet deep,” said the team from the University of Colorado.
“This is the first clear evidence of shorelines on the surface of Mars,” said Boulder’s research associate, Gaetano Di Achille, in a study published in the latest edition of Geophysical Research Letters.
“The identification of the shorelines and _____3_____ (accompany) geological evidence allow us to calculate the size and volume of the lake, which probably _____4_____ (date) from some 3.4 billion years ago.”
Analysis of the images has shown that the water carved out the canyon in which it was found, ____5____ then opened out into a valley depositing sediment(沉积物)which formed a delta. “Finding shorelines is a great discovery to us,” said assistant professor Brian Hynek, adding it showed that the lake ____6____ (exist) at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.
The science field believes that the oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era ____7____ (know) as the Noachan epoch, about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.
The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hsperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars ____8____ 300 million years, according to the study. Scientists believe deltas next to the lake ____9____ hold secrets about past life on Mars _____10_____ such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. that
2. to have covered
3. accompanying
4. dates 5. which
6. existed 7. known
8. by 9. may/might/can/could
10. because/as/since
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。介绍了此次火星上关于湖泊的惊喜发现。
【1题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：美国研究人员日前在火星上发现了一个古老湖泊的痕迹。这使人们在该红色星球上发现数十亿年前生命迹象的希望大大增强。空前evidence（证据）是一个名词，后面从句结构完整，这里是对evidence的解释说明，所以是同位语从句，从句结构完整，故填that。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个湖似乎占地有80平方英里，深达1500英尺。固定搭配appear to do 译为“似乎，好像做某事”；再根据下文“lake, which probably dates from some 3.4 billion years ago.”（这个湖可能已经距今34亿年了）可知，这个湖现在还在，已经持续了很久了，符合动词不定式完成时态用法，故填to have covered。
【3题详解】
考查形容词。句意：湖岸线以及其它地质证据的发现，使我们可以计算湖泊的大小和容积。这个湖泊距今约有34亿年历史。accompany（伴随）是一个动词，在句中没有能和它搭配的逻辑主语，所以这里要考虑其它词性。后面的geological evidence（地质证据）是名词，那么这里需要有一个形容词来修饰。故填accompanying。
【4题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：湖岸线以及其它地质证据的发现，使我们可以计算湖泊的大小和容积。这个湖泊距今约有34亿年历史。从句缺少主语，主语主句中的lake（湖），这里是单数形式；再根据本句主句用的是一般现在时态，而且讲述的是一个事实，所以从句也使用一般现在时态，故填dates。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：对成像的分析显示，水流冲刷出了一条溪谷，这条溪谷与一个山谷相连，流水沉积物还形成一个的三角洲。从句结构不完整，缺失主语，前面有逗号，这是非限制性定语从句，先行词是canyon（溪谷）是指代物的，故填which。
【6题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究表明湖泊存在于人们所认为的火星寒冷干旱期。exist（存在）是一个动词，从句中的主句没有谓语动词，所以这里需要谓语动词形式。主句时态是一般过去时态，所以从句也使用一般过去时态，故填existed。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家认为，火星最古老的表面是在温暖湿润的被称之为Noachan时代形成的，距今约41亿到37亿年。know（知道）是一个动词，从句中已经有了谓语动词formed（形成），所以这里是非谓语动词形式；再根据固定搭配“be known as”译为（作为...而出名）可知，这里需要的是know的过去分词形式，表被动。故填known。
【8题详解】
考查介词。句意：该研究表明，最新发现的这一湖泊是在赫斯伯利亚纪时期形成的，比火星温暖湿润季的结束还晚3亿年。根据上文“The science field believes that the oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era known as the Noachan epoch, about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.”（科学家认为，火星最古老的表面是在温暖湿润的被称之为Noachan时代形成的，距今约41亿到37亿年。）以及“the lake, which probably dates from some 3.4 billion years ago.”（这个湖可能距今34亿年）可知，最古老的表面发现是距今41亿到37亿年，而这个湖泊发现是距今34亿年，所以相比来说还要晚3亿年，固定搭配“by+时间”表示“晚于…”，故填by。
【9题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：科学家认为，湖泊附近的三角洲可能完好地保存有生命存在的秘密，因为地球上类似的三角洲也是有机碳和其它生命标志物的天然寄存地。根据本句句意可知，科学家是进行的推测，所以这里想要表示的是“可能，应该”，故填may/might/can/could。
【10题详解】
考查连词。句意：科学家认为，湖泊附近的三角洲可能完好地保存有生命存在的秘密，因为地球上类似的三角洲也是有机碳和其它生命标志物的天然寄存地。根据本句句意可知，后面的句子想要说的就是“这个秘密的原因”是什么，所以用连词引导原因状语从句，故填because/as/since。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. non-existent B. idea C. frustrated D. surge E. application
F. instantly G. repetitive H. timely I. consideration J. swollen K. fault
Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to ____11____fix the projector that’s no longer working. They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues ____12____at the number of times they’ve had to call the help desk for the same issue. They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster, but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them.
According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction. Though no ____13____of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control ____14____. And there’s little they can do about it.
The experience of using IT penetrates( 渗 透 ) almost the entire work field. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction, too, can ____15____when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or ____16____processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration, it’s an IT transformation project gone wrong, where ____17____-expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed. This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little ____18____of how those changes will impact the end user, which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees, and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and ____19____crashes. Adequate and _____20_____IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT.
Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’ work, rather than adjust their wok to fit in with the company’s IT limitations.
【11~20题答案】
【答案】11. F 12. C
13. K 14. A
15. D 16. G
17. J 18. I
19. E 20. H
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了信息技术工作者的工作幸福值很低。
【11题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们在开一个关键会议，而不得不马上去修复投影仪的技术人员。根据空后的“fix the projector”可知，此处应填副词修饰动词fix，且此处意为“立刻，马上”，故选instantly,符合句意。故选F。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们必须忍受同事的坏脾气，因为他们为同一问题打电话给服务台的次数太多而感到沮丧。根据空前名词colleagues可知，此处应填形容词做colleagues的后置定语，frustrated“沮丧的”符合句意，故选frustrated，故选C。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管不是他们自己的错，他也会突然发现自己工作效率降低以及无法控制产品质量。根据空后的“of their own”可知，此处应填名词，且此处意为“他们自己的错误”，故选fault，符合句意。故选K。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管不是他们自己的错，他也会突然发现自己工作效率降低以及无法控制产品质量。根据空前的名词短语“quality control”可知，此处应填形容词修饰quality control，且此处意为“无法控制质量”，故应选non-existent“不存在的”作宾语补足语，故选A。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：当运行无误的机器减轻了他们的工作无聊的任务以及重复的过程时，他们会感到满足。根据空前情态动词can可知，此处应填动词，且此处意为“他们的幸福感会出现”，故选surge“出现”，故选D。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当运行无误的机器减轻了他们的工作无聊的任务以及重复的过程时，他们会感到满足。根据空后的名词“processes”可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词，且此处意为“反复的工作程序”，故应填repetitive“重复的，反复的”，故选G。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但是如果有一件事会引起技术人员的不开心，那就是信息技术转换项目出错，过高的预期已经破灭。根据空后的名词expectations可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词，且此处意为“过高的预期”，故选swollen“肿胀的，上涨的”符合句意，故选J。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：当业务领导者实施IT计划时，很少考虑这些更改将如何影响最终用户，这就是为什么管理者应该意识到IT用户体验对其员工的影响，并尽最大努力确保其IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。根据空前的“little”以及空后的“of”可知，此处应填名词，且此处意为“没有考虑到”，故选consideration“考虑”符合句意，故选I。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：当业务领导者实施IT计划时，很少考虑这些更改将如何影响最终用户，这就是为什么管理者应该意识到IT用户体验对其员工的影响，并尽最大努力确保其IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。根据空后的“crash”可知，此处应填修饰crash的词，此处可用名词application修饰crash，application crash意为“程序崩溃”，故选application，故选E。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：还应提供充分和及时的IT支持，以使用户能够处理工作中的技术问题。。根据空“should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work”以及空后的IT support可知，此处应填形容词，且此处意为“及时的帮助”，故选timely，故选H。
III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first ____21____, they were like newborn children, unable to use this ____22____tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for humankind’s future attainments and cultural growth increased.
Many linguists believe that evolution is ____23____for our ability to produce and use language. They claim that our highly evolved brain provides us with innate language ability not found in lower ____24____. Proponents of this innateness theory say that our ____25____ for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, ____26____a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore, there are critical ____27____times for language development.
Current ____28____of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. ____29____, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in the lower grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the ____30____of their first language have become firmly fixed.
Although some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been isolated from other human beings do not ____31____language. This demonstrates that interaction with other human beings is necessary for ____32____language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language ____33____than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as ____34____, learned behavior. ____35____, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child’s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
21. A. originated B. evolved C. born D. generated
22. A. appropriate B. valuable C. reliable D. favorite
23. A. essential B. available C. convenient D. responsible
24. A. organizations B. organisms C. humans D. children
25. A. potential B. performance C. preference D. passion
26. A. as B. just as C. like D. unlike
27. A. ideological B. biological C. social D. psychological
28. A. reviews B. references C. reactions D. recommendations
29. A. In a word B. In a sense C. Indeed D. In consequence
30. A. regulations B. formations C. rules D. constitutions
31. A. understand B. speak C. possess D. interpret
32. A. right B. proper C. accurate D. suitable
33. A. appreciation B. acquisition C. requirement D. alternative
34. A. imitative B. communicative C. initiative D. accumulative
35. A. As a result B. After all C. Above all D. In other words
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了语言在人类进化过程中的形成以及与人类成长的关系。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人类刚开始进化的时候，他们就像刚出生的孩子一样，不能使用这个有价值的工具。A. originated起源；B. evolved进化；C. born出生；D. generated产生；根据下文“they were like newborn children, unable to use this tool（他们就像刚出生的孩子，不能使用这个工具）”说像刚出生的孩子，所以表示人类进化之初；故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当人类刚开始进化的时候，他们就像刚出生的孩子一样，不能使用这个有价值的工具。A. appropriate合适的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. reliable 可靠的；D. favorite 最喜欢的；根据上文“From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us（从童年到老年，我们都用语言来拓宽我们对自己和周围世界的认识）”可知，语言这种工具非常重要即有价值；故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多语言学家认为，进化是我们产生和使用语言能力的原因。A. essential必要的；B. available 可用的，可获得的 C. convenient方便的，便利的 D. responsible作为缘由的，有责任的；根据下文“They claim that our highly evolved brain provides us with innate language ability（他们声称，我们高度进化的大脑为我们提供了先天的语言能力）”；可知，这句话再解释语言形成的原因-大脑进化；故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们声称，我们高度进化的大脑为我们提供了与生俱来的语言能力，这是低等生物所没有的。A. organizations组织；B. organisms生物体；C. humans人类；D. children孩子；根据句式结构可知 “not found 是非谓语作定语修饰innate language ability（天生的语言能力）”这种能力是人类这种高级动物才具有的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种先天理论的支持者说，我们的语言潜能是天生的。A. potential潜力；B. performance表现，表演；C. preference喜好，倾向；D. passion激情；根据下文“but that language itself develops gradually（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的）”可知语言有潜力，才能慢慢发展。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但语言本身是逐渐发展的，是童年时期大脑发育的一个功能。A. as作为；B. just as就像；C. like像；D. unlike不像；根据前句“but that language itself develops gradually（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的）”，以及下文“a function of the growth of the brain during childhood（这是儿童时期大脑发育的一个功能）”可知，语言逐渐发展，变成儿童的大脑功能；故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，语言发展有关键的生物学时期。A. ideological思想体系的；B. biological 生物的；C. social社交的；D. psychological心理的，精神的；根据上文“but that language itself develops gradually, a function of the growth of the brain during childhood（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的，这是儿童时期大脑发育的一个功能）”可知，语言在儿童时期发展，儿童时期属于生物学时期；故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前对先天理论的评论是混杂的，A. reviews评论；B. references参考；C. reactions反应； D. recommendations推荐；根据下文“however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable （然而，支持某些先天能力存在的证据是不可否认的）”由连词however可知，上下句是转折关系；所以设空处是人们对先天理论的观点；故选A。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，越来越多的学校发现，外语最好在低年级教授。A. In a word简言之；B. In a sense在某种意义上；C. Indeed实际上；D. In consequence因此，结果；根据下文“more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in the lower grades.（越来越多的学校发现，外语最好在低年级教。）”可知，这一观点与上文“However, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable（然而，支持某些先天能力存在的证据是不可否认的）”这一观点是相反的，并开始进一步说明；故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而成年人一旦他们的第一语言规则已经固定下来，学习另一种语言就会困难得多。A. regulations法规；B. formations信息；C. rules规则；D. constitutions章程；根据上文“Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知，儿童学习获得语言能力，而语言学习需要学习其规则；故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与他人隔离的儿童没有语言能力。A. understand理解；B. speak说；C. possess拥有；D. interpret打断；根据上文“Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知儿童通过学习获得语言的能力；故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这表明，与他人的互动是语言发展的必要条件。A. right正确的；B. proper真正的；C. accurate精确地；D. suitable适宜的，合适的；根据上文“Children who have been isolated from other human beings do not possess language.（与他人隔离的儿童没有语言能力。）”可知，只有与人沟通儿童才能或者语言能力；即学会真正的语言；故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些语言学家认为，这是人类语言习得的基础，比任何先天能力都要重要。A. appreciation欣赏；B. acquisition习得；C. requirement要求；D. alternative选择；根据上文“Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知，儿童学习语言；即这一能力是习得性技能；故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些理论家认为语言是模仿的、习得的行为。A. imitative效仿的；B. communicative爱说话的；C. initiative主动的；D. accumulative积累的；根据下文“children learn language from their parents by imitating them.（孩子们通过模仿父母来学习语言。）”可知，儿童通过模仿学习别人获得语言能力；故选A。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：换句话说，孩子通过模仿父母来学习语言。A. As a result结果；B. After all毕竟；C. Above all首先；D. In other words换句话说；根据上文“These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior.（这些理论家认为语言是模仿的、习得的行为。）”以及下文“children learn language from their parents by imitating them.（孩子们通过模仿父母来学习语言。）”可知，两句都是同义句；故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
I’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.
Why are America’s kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.
Considering that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation.
At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.
To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.
Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games, movies and mobile phones; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.
Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.
Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.
36. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago________.
A. were probably less self-centered B. were less isolated physically
C. were considered less individualistic D. probably suffered less from anxiety
37. What does the author mean when he says, “we can’t turn the clock back” (Line 1 Para. 3)?
A. It’s impossible to forget the past.
B. It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change.
C. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.
D The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.
38. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is________.
A. to get them more involved in society
B. to set a good model for them to follow
C. to lower their expectations for the future
D. to provide them with a safer environment
39. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
A. Children’s anxiety is not so serious as it seems.
B. Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.
C. Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.
D. Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.
【36~39题答案】
【答案】36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要讲了现在的孩子比50年前的孩子压力大，要缓解这种情况，需要加强孩子的社团的联系，尽量减少个人主义，让他们更多的融入社会，减少他们接触暴力的可能，定期的锻炼身体也可以缓解压力。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第一段的“I was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. (我被一篇报道所震惊，报道总结了现在的孩子比20世纪50年代的孩子有更大的焦虑)”可知，根据一项分析，与今天的正常儿童相比，50年前被视为精神疾病的儿童可能较少焦虑。故选D。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文中第二段的“The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.(这篇报道引证了两个主要原因：由高离婚率所带来的孤独以及世界是一个更加危险的地方。)”以及第三段“Considering that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation.(考虑到我们无法让时光倒流，成年人仍然可以帮助下一代应对未来。)”可知，因为现在的离婚率较高以及世界比之前更危险的状况，尽管我们无法改变这种状况，但是仍然可以帮助他们，故这里的turn clock back指的是孩子们面临的无法改变的现实，故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.(最应该要做的就是培养对个人主义局限性的更好认知。没有哪个孩子是一座孤岛。加强社会关系能帮助构建社区并且帮助个人对抗压力。)”可知，最重要的是要让孩子融入社会。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Considering that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation.(考虑到我们无法让时光倒流，成年人仍然可以帮助下一代应对未来。)”可知，尽管现在孩子的焦虑是无法避免的，但是成年人可以帮助他们应对一些这些问题。故选B。
(B)
Explore some ofNew Zealand’s best skiing & snowboarding field. Whatever your ability, Cardrona has the snow for you!
The 2021 winter season runs from June 16 – October 14, 2021. Half Day & 1 Day lift passes are split into Peak & Off Peak pricing:
Peak - July, August & September Off Peak - June & October
* Half day passes: 8.30 a.m. – 12.30 p.m. morning, 12.30 p.m. – 4 p.m. afternoon
*Rocky Mountain Super Pass holders must book lodging with Cardrona to be eligible for free day passes. Please email reservations@cardrona.com with an accommodation booking request & the lift ticket benefit request.
What pass am I eligible for? Read our lift pass definitions below to find out.
*Multi passes are valid for both consecutive & non-consecutive days & can be used any time throughout the 2021 winter season at Cardrona only.
Your lift pass will be stored on an electronic RFID pass. To make the most of your clever pass, activate your personal profile online. Once you’re logged into your profile you can:
▪Top up your card with lift passes, rental gear, lift & rental packages and lessons.
▪ Keep track of your on-slope statistics at Cardrona (days spent, run count, activities taken, etc.)
Definitions for Lift Passes:
Student: 18+yrs enrolled full time (minimum 32 weeks in a calendar year) with a New Zealand or Australian tertiary institution. Student ID & proof of full time status (letter from institution) is required. ID card must be in English & include a valid expiry date.
Child: Currently attending school, 6-17yrs inclusive. Kids under 6 ski for free in winter, & kids under 9 bike for free in summer! Photo ID will be required.
Senior: 65 – 74yrs of age. Photo ID will be required.
Under 6yrs & 75 Years+: Under 6yrs & over 75yrs, as at June 1, 2021, ski for free. Please collect a complimentary lift pass from the ticket office. Photo ID will be required.
40. After activation of your online profile, what can you do to maximize the value of your pass?
A. You can monitor what activities you have done at Cardrona.
B. You can store your lift pass on an electronic RFID pass.
C. You can open up the online account of your clever pass.
D. You can participate in most tutor lessons without any charge.
41. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Cardrona is only open to those who are skilled at snowing or skiing.
B. One can get in Cardrona from 8.30 a.m. to 4 p.m. with 1 Day Peak pass.
C. Anyone with Rocky Mountain Super Pass can have free access to Cardrona.
D. Those with 1 Day Off Peak pass are entitled to ski at Cardrona on Oct. 24th.
42. How much will the Half Day Peak passes cost for a family of two parents, one 12-year-old boy, one freshman at Auckland University, one 5 years old, and one grandmother of 76?
A. $ 270 B. $275 C. $295 D. $ 320
【40~42题答案】
【答案】40. A 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了卡德罗纳滑雪场的具体信息。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To make the most of your clever pass, activate your personal profile online. Once you’re logged into your profile you can: ▪Top up your card with lift passes, rental gear, lift & rental packages and lessons.▪ Keep track of your on-slope statistics at Cardrona (days spent, run count, activities taken, etc.)”（为了充分利用你的智能通行证，激活你的个人网上资料。一旦你登录了你的资料，你就可以：使用电梯通行证、租赁设备、电梯和租赁套餐以及课程为您的卡充值，记录您再卡德罗纳滑雪场的斜坡统计数据（花费的天数、跑步的次数、参加的活动等等）。）可知，在登录个人信息之后，我们可以去看到自己在滑雪场的数据了，故选A。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Half day passes: 8.30 a.m. – 12.30 p.m. morning, 12.30 p.m. – 4 p.m. afternoon”（半天时间：早上八点半到中午十二点半，下午十二点半到四点）可知，从早上8:30到下午4:00可以进入达卡德罗纳，只需要一天的高峰通行证，故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据价格表“Half Day Peak passes”信息，“Child: Currently attending school, 6-17yrs inclusive”（孩子：目前在校，6-17岁），“Under 6yrs & over 75yrs, as at June 1, 2021, ski for free.”（6岁以下，75岁以上，滑雪免费）以及题目中的人物信息可知，a family of two parents是指两个成年人，价格是85×2=170；one 12-year-old boy是一个孩子，价格50；one freshman at Auckland University是一个学生，价格75；one 5 years old, and one grandmother of 76是免费的，所以总共是170+50+75=295，故选C。
(C)
Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage (下水道污水) to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million acres of cropland, according to a new report — and it may not be a bad thing.
While the practice carries serious health risks for many, those dangers are outweighed by the social and economic gains for poor urban farmers and consumers who need affordable food. “There is a large potential for wastewater agriculture to both help and hurt great numbers of urban consumers,” said Liqa Raschid-Sally, who led the study.
The report focused on poor urban areas, where farms in or near cities supply relatively inexpensive food. Most of these operations draw irrigation water from local rivers or lakes. Unlike developed cities, however, these areas lack advanced water-treatment facilities, and rivers effectively become sewers (下水道).
When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing bacteria, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed. Nearly 2.2 million people die each year because of diarrhea-related (与腹泻相关的) diseases, according to WHO statistics. More than 80% of those cases can be attributed to contact with contaminated water and a lack of proper sanitation. But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.
Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.
Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh water consumption.
In poor, dry regions, untreated wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers.
Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the developing world. But frequently untreated human waste harvested from lavatories is delivered to farms and spread as fertilizer.
In most cases, the human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases. With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary, alternative.
In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer use can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients.
“Overly strict standards often fail,” James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. “We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason.”
43. What is the main problem caused by the use of waste water for irrigation?
A. Farmers and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.
B. It will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.
C. It will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business.
D. Rivers and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated.
44. What is environmental scientist Pay Drechsel’s attitude towards the use of untreated human waste in agriculture?
A. Indifferent. B. Responsible. C. Favorable. D. Skeptical.
45. What does Pay Drechsel think of the risks involved in using untreated human waste for farming?
A. They can be addressed by improved sanitation.
B. They will be minimized with new technology.
C. They have been somewhat exaggerated.
D. They can be dealt with through education.
46. What do we learn about James Bartram’s position on the use of human waste for farming?
A. He challenges Liqa Raschid-Sally’s conclusion.
B. He deems it indispensable for combating global poverty.
C. He echoes Pay Drechsel’s opinion on the issue.
D. He thinks it the only way out of the current food crisis.
【43~46题答案】
【答案】43. A 44. C 45. D 46. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将污水用于农业灌溉可能会让农民和消费者受到有害细菌的影响，但相关专家认为这一问题可以通过教育解决，并认为将污水用于农业灌溉是可行的。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing bacteria, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed.(当这些水被用于农业灌溉时，农民和那些生吃未经清洗的农产品的消费者都面临着吸收致病细菌的风险)”可知，用污水灌溉造成的主要问题是农民和消费者可能会受到有害细菌的影响。故选A项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.(但是环境科学家佩·德雷塞尔(Pay Drechsel)认为，使用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食，其社会和经济效益超过了健康风险)”可知，Pay Drechsel认为用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食，效益高于风险，所以他对此持支持态度。故选C项。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.(他说，这些危险可以通过对农民和消费者进行教育来解决，而人类排泄物中的免费水和营养物质可以帮助发展中国家的城市农民摆脱贫困)”可知，Pay Drechsel认为用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食带来的风险可以通过教育来解决。故选D项。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Overly strict standards often fail,’ James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. ‘We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason.’(世界卫生组织水卫生专家巴特拉姆说，“过于严格的标准往往会失败。我们需要在地球的大部分地区接受这一事实，所以很少或没有处理的污水将有充分的理由用于农业。”)”可推知，James Bartram也赞同将污水用于农业灌溉，所以他赞同Pay Drechsel在这个问题上的观点。故选C项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Directions: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just read.
Your Incredible Brain
Physicist Emerson Pugh once said that if the human brain were so simple that we could understand it, we would be so simple that we couldn’t. Thankfully, the complexity of brain is so great that we are not simple and neither, therefore, is the task of understanding it.
___47___ Our latest attempt to count them suggests there are 75 different types in the neocortex alone, the area responsible for our most advanced thoughts and behaviors.
That isn’t to say our efforts to explore the brain’s mysteries are in vain. Despite Pugh’s observation, we are always learning more and more about how a 1.5-kilogram lump of tissue that flutters and crackles inside our skull can come up with our most elaborate ― behaviors. ____48____
Breakthroughs in the understanding of how our brain stitch (缝合) together our sense of reality are redefining what it means to be conscious. They are also highlighting the persistent power of the mind, even in the cases in which our bodies hide all signs of awareness.
We don’t appear to be heading towards a world of jars full of brains, bodies thrown away, just yet though. ___49___ Gut thinking is not just a clever turn of phrase: microbes in our intestines (肠道) affect our risk for neurological conditions, and can influence our mood and mental health.
And when it comes to preventing cognitive decline, physical activity is crucial. Still, let’s not reject a sci-fi future entirely ― we know, for instance, that magnetic stimulation can have many uses, from treating depression to supercharging our brain’s processing power, effectively making us smarter.
The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions. ____50____ After all, between our ears lies the most complex object in the known universe.
A. But that should come as no surprise.
B. Our brain-body connection has never been so strong.
C Pugh’s claim appears to be widely challenged among scientific circles.
D. Yet each new insight raises more questions, while it also casts age-old problems in a new light.
E. We seem to have a long way to go before we will be able to shed any further light on the structure of the brain.
F. However, it can feel like an amazing achievement to establish even basic facts, such as how many different kinds of brain cells we have.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. F 48. D 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类不可思议的大脑的复杂性和对其展开的研究。
【详解】1.根据下文的“Our latest attempt to count them suggests there are 75 different types in the neocortex alone, the area responsible for our most advanced thoughts and behaviors.”（我们最新统计方法表明仅在新皮质就有75种，新皮质负责我们大多数先进的思想和行为）可知，设空出应讲述对大脑进行研究后发现了很多不同种类和功能的细胞。F项 “然而，即使是建立基本的事实，比如我们有多少不同种类的脑细胞，也会感觉是一个惊人的成就。”切合文意，选项中的“different kinds of brain cells”呼应下文的“there are 75 different types ”。故选F。
2.根据上文“That isn’t to say our efforts to explore the brain’s mysteries are in vain. Despite Pugh’s observation, we are always learning more and more about how a 1.5-kilogram lump of tissue that flutters and crackles inside our skull can come up with our most elaborate ― behaviors.”（这并不是说我们探索大脑奥秘的努力是徒劳的。尽管Pugh的观察（认为大脑很复杂），但我们一直在了解这个重1.5公斤、在我们的颅内颤动和裂纹的组织是如何产生我们最精细的行为）可知人们一直在对大脑进行研究，由此推知设空处将陈述每次研究都会产生不同的见解，这些见解会让人们重新审视之前对大脑的一些认识。D项“然而，每一种新的见解都会引发更多的问题，同时也会用新的眼光看待那些古老的问题。”符合语境。故选D。
3.根据后文“Gut thinking is not just a clever turn of phrase: microbes in our intestines (肠道) affect our risk for neurological conditions, and can influence our mood and mental health.”（直觉思维不仅仅是一个聪明的措辞：我们肠道里的微生物会影响我们患神经系统疾病的风险，也会影响我们的情绪和精神健康。）可知，直觉思维不是一句搪塞的措辞，我们的身体的确会影响我们的大脑。由此可知，设空处说明我们的大脑和身体的紧密关系。B项 “我们大脑和身体的联系从未如此紧密过。”符合语境。故选B。
4.前文“The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions”（人类的大脑还有更多的启示在等待着我们，它们可能需要我们重新思考旧的想法或纠正我们的假设）和选项A中的“that should come as no surprise”（这不足为奇）构成转折关系，对应选项中的转折词But，选项中的that代指前文“The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions”。后文“After all, between our ears lies the most complex object in the known universe.”（毕竟，在我们的耳朵之间存在着已知宇宙中最复杂的物体。）解释了不足为奇的原因，所以选项A切合文意。故选A。
第 II 卷 ( 共 50 分 )
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Teaching Children about Forgiveness
If you’ve seen your children struggle to forgive someone for hurting them, you know that forgiveness is complicated. After all, forgiveness is complicated for adults, too. At times, we wonder why we’re trying to forgive someone anyway; later, we might think we’ve forgiven them, only to experience a sudden burst of anger. Indeed, it takes many years for us to grasp the meaning of forgiveness as we grow up.
It’s understandable that children may feel hurt or angry when a friend does something less-than-kind to them. Maybe the friend said something unkind or broke something precious, embarrassed them, excluded them, or told their secrets. Children may be tempted to get even with a friend who’s done them wrong, by doing something worse or telling everyone how terrible the friend is, but trying to get revenge only escalates (升级) the conflict.
Parents can play an important role in teaching children about forgiveness. Children watch how important adults in their lives respond when someone does something unkind. Do they complain to others or speak directly to the person involved? How long does it take them to get over being mad or hurt? How do they get over it? Parents can teach their children about the value of forgiveness by regularly practicing it in their own lives.
Sometimes parents can talk with their children about forgiveness, based on where kids are in their cognitive (认知的) and emotional development. For example, children need to understand that no one is perfect, so generously forgiving a well-meaning friend is a caring thing to do. If parents can help children see things a little more from other people’s perspective, this will make forgiveness easier. These conversations can change the way children think about forgiveness and help them emotionally recover when they inevitably experience harm and unfair treatment from others in life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【51题答案】
【答案】Forgiveness is complicated and children’s understanding of forgiving develops as they grow older. Children may feel angry and want to revenge when they feel hurt or wronged. Parents need to be good role models themselves and have age-appropriate discussions with children to help them see things from other people’s perspective and better understand forgiveness.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇概要写作。主要讲述了在孩子眼里，“原谅”这一过程的特征，以及作为父母应如何教导孩子学会原谅。
【详解】第一步：审题
时态：时态应为一般现在时。
人称：第三人称，避免第一人称使用。
注意事项：
1. 写出原谅这一过程特征，为什么要原谅。
2. 父母如何教导孩子学会原谅。
3. 避免摘抄原文词语，学会同义替换。
第二步：段落总结
第一段：对于孩子来说，原来是一个复杂的认知过程，需要花费很长时间才能明白。
第二段：在受到伤害时，反抗或报复是一种生理自然反应。
第三段：家长要树立榜样，教学生学习“如何学习原谅”（也是文章的过渡段落）。
第四段：提出一些指导原则，帮助孩子学会“原谅”。
第三步：语义合并
文章第二段和第一段可以合并，写出Forgiveness is complicated and children’s understanding of forgiving develops as they grow older. Children may feel angry and want to revenge when they feel hurt or wronged.
第三段和第四段可以并列，写出Parents need to be good role models themselves and have age-appropriate discussions with children to help them see things from other people’s perspective and better understand forgiveness.
第四步：润色修改
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 一批又一批的中学生自愿加入了抗击疫情的战斗。（volunteer）（汉译英）
【52题答案】
【答案】Groups and groups of middle school students(have) volunteered to join in the fight against the pandemic
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。“一批又一批的中学生”翻译为groups and groups of middle school students；根据所给词volunteer，“自愿做某事”翻译为volunteer to do sth.；“参加”翻译为join in；“抗击疫情的战斗”翻译为the fight against the pandemic。此处陈述过去事实，故应用一般过去时；也可以理解为过去发生的动作对现在影响，用现在完成时。故翻译为：Groups and groups of middle school students(have) volunteered to join in the fight against the pandemic。
53. 他们所称的“弱势群体”指的是没子女陪伴的残疾老人。（refer）（汉译英）
【53题答案】
【答案】What they call “the disadvantaged” refers to the disabled old people without the company of their (adult) children.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。“弱势群体”用the+adj.表达为the disadvantaged；“残疾人”用the+adj.表达为the old；“没有子女陪伴”可用without+n表达为without the company of their (adult) children；“他们所谓的”可用what引导名词性从句，表达为what they call；“指的是”为谓语动词，表达为refer to；此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且what引导名词性从句，谓语动词用三人称单数。故翻译为What they call “the disadvantaged” refers to the disabled old people without the company of their (adult) children.
54. 在桥梁建筑领域工作了数十年，这位资深工程师处理起这种问题来游刃有余，你尽管放心。（count）（汉译英）
【54题答案】
【答案】Having worked in the field of bridge construction for decades, this senior engineer can deal with/address/handle this problem skillfully, so/ and you can count on him.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“桥梁建设领域”翻译为the field of bridge construction。“工作”为动词，翻译为work；“数十年”为时间状语，翻译为for decades；“这位自身工程师”翻译为this senior engineer；“处理这种问题”翻译为deal with/handle/address this problem；“游刃有余”可用副词修饰动作“处理”，表达为skillfully；“你尽管放心”可用so/and引导结果状语从句/并列句，翻译为so/and you can count on him；“在桥梁建筑领域工作了数十年”为状语，与主语之间为主动关系，且发生在谓语动词之前，故应用having done现在分词作状语，故翻译为：Having worked in the field of bridge construction for decades, this senior engineer can deal with/address/handle this problem skillfully, so/ and you can count on him。
55. 目前有些家庭严重缺少食物、药物之类的必需品，但问题不是这些物资供应短缺， 而是没有足够的人手进行运输和配送。（lie）（汉译英）
【55题答案】
【答案】Now some families are very short of necessities such as food and medicine, but the problem doesn’t lie in the shortage of the supply of these products but in the shortage of labour force to transport and deliver them.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“目前”应用now；主语为some families；表示“严重缺少”短语为be very short of；表示“食物、药物之类的必需品”翻译为necessities such as food and medicine；表示“不是……而是……”短语为not…but…；表示“在于”短语为lie in；表示“这些物资供应短缺”短语为in the shortage of the supply of these products；表示“没有足够的人手进行运输和配送”翻译为in the shortage of labour force to transport and deliver them。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Now some families are very short of necessities such as food and medicine, but the problem doesn’t lie in the shortage of the supply of these products but in the shortage of labour force to transport and deliver them.
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是实验中学高三学生龚瞩， 下个月学校即将迎来 35 周年校庆，现在策划团队向全校同学征集校庆当天各项活动的“金点子”。请给学生会写一封电子邮件，谈谈自己的方案并说明理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【56题答案】
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Gong Zhu, a senior three student. I am writing to share my thoughts on the 35th anniversary.
In my opinion, we can make the 35-year development of the school into PPT and play it on the big screen, so that all teachers and students can know more about our school. Besides, we can invite alumni who have graduated to come back and tell us something about the past of the school and how they spent their youth here, which can inspire us students to work hard. In addition, a live painting can be held to let students draw a picture of their ideal campus. I believe that this activity will encourage students to build a better campus.
If my suggestions can be adopted I will be grateful.
Yours,
Gong Zhu
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给学校35周年校庆策划团队写一封邮件，谈谈自己的方案并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法：idea→thought
在我看来：as far as I am concerned→in my opinion
更了解：have a better understanding of→know more about
感激的：thankful→grateful
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：In addition, a live painting can be held to let students draw a picture of their ideal campus. I believe that this activity will encourage students to build a better campus.
拓展句：In addition, a live painting can be held to let students draw a picture of their ideal campus, which I believe will encourage students to build a better campus.
【点睛】[高分句型1]In my opinion, we can make the 35-year development of the school into PPT and play it on the big screen, so that all teachers and students can know more about our school.（运用了so that引导的目的状语从句）
[高分句型2]Besides, we can invite alumni who have graduated to come back and tell us something about the past of the school and how they spent their youth here, which can inspire us students to work hard. （运用了who引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1-5DAACD6-10 BAADA 11-13ADC14-16 CCD17-20 BAAC
上海市实验学校 2021 学年第二学期 高三四月月考 英语卷
1、考试时间 120 分钟， 试卷满分 140 分。
2、试卷分为 I 卷和Ⅱ卷， 全卷共 14 页(试题部分 11 页、答题部分 3 页)。
3、所有选择题和语法题均在问卷星上完成，并及时提交。
4、 概要、翻译和作文写在答题纸上，拍照后上传至 QQ 群英语作业。
Listening Comprehension (25%) Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At 10:00. B. Around 9:00. C. At 8:00 D. Around 7:00.
2. A. On a plane. B. On a train. C. At a restaurant. D. At a travel agency.
3. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Shop assistant and her manager.
C. Shop assistant and her father. D. Customer and tailor.
4. A. She wrote it last semester. B. She’ll finish it very soon.
C. She never does assignments early. D. She isn’t going to write it.
5. A. She should work in the summer school.
B. She shouldn’t go to New York in summer.
C. She may not want to do so.
D. She may have difficulty in doing so.
6. A. Spend more time on the course.
B. Turn to the graduate assistant for help.
C. Drop the lesson as soon as possible.
D. Help the graduate assistant with the lesson
7. A. They should buy a lot of milk.
B. The supermarket isn’t going to be closed.
C. Milk is out of stock in the supermarket.
D. They should wait for a better deal on milk.
8. A. $15. B. $10. C. $30 D. $50.
9. A. The woman doesn’t know how the calculator works.
B. The woman should enter the number in a different order.
C. The calculator needs a new battery.
D. The battery is not correctly positioned.
10. A. The man is too forgetful. B. The man shouldn’t get annoyed.
C. The man has too many keys. D. The man should attend more lessons.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To take medicine. B. To sleep more.
C. To work less. D. To go travelling.
12. A. They are not harmful to the brain. B. They have more benefits than harm.
C. They are not worth the price at all. D. They are valuable but costly.
13 A. They damage a person’s mental health.
B. They reduce a person’s chance of recovery.
C. They slow down a person’s reaction to changes.
D. They worsen a person’s existing trouble.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. A suitcase. B. A woolen blanket C. An alarm clock. D. A shirt.
15. A. Alarm clocks are not allowed on board.
B. The speaker had a time bomb in the suitcase.
C. The ticking noise of the clock caused him the trouble.
D. The airline official and the police officer played a joke on him.
16. A. He forgot one of his suitcases. B. He wanted to get out to smoke.
C. He had lost his cell phone. D. He was asked to get off.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Swimming. B. Skateboarding. C. Hiking. D. Skiing.
18. A. Because the condition of the road surface may be dangerous.
B Because the equipment can show one’s sports capability.
C. Because the equipment is not expensive to purchase.
D. Because the rules of the sports require one to do so.
19. A. To solve his traffic problems. B. To make his life more fun.
C. To finish his work. D. To entertain young people.
20. A. Neither is interesting. B. Neither is popular.
C. Both are exciting yet dangerous. D. Both are convenient yet boring.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
U.S. researchers have found traces of an ancient lake on Mars recently, increasing hopes of discovering evidence ____1____ billions of years ago the Red planet hosted life.
“The lake appears _____2_____ (cover) as much as 80 square miles and was up to 1,500 feet deep,” said the team from the University of Colorado.
“This is the first clear evidence of shorelines on the surface of Mars,” said Boulder’s research associate, Gaetano Di Achille, in a study published in the latest edition of Geophysical Research Letters.
“The identification of the shorelines and _____3_____ (accompany) geological evidence allow us to calculate the size and volume of the lake, which probably _____4_____ (date) from some 3.4 billion years ago.”
Analysis of the images has shown that the water carved out the canyon in which it was found, ____5____ then opened out into a valley depositing sediment(沉积物)which formed a delta. “Finding shorelines is a great discovery to us,” said assistant professor Brian Hynek, adding it showed that the lake ____6____ (exist) at a time when Mars was thought to have been cold and dry.
The science field believes that the oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era ____7____ (know) as the Noachan epoch, about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.
The newly discovered lake is believed to date from the Hsperian era and postdates the end of the warm and wet period on Mars ____8____ 300 million years, according to the study. Scientists believe deltas next to the lake ____9____ hold secrets about past life on Mars _____10_____ such places on Earth have become the natural deposits of organic carbon and other markers of life.
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. that
2. to have covered
3. accompanying
4. dates 5. which
6. existed 7. known
8. by 9. may/might/can/could
10. because/as/since
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。介绍了此次火星上关于湖泊的惊喜发现。
【1题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：美国研究人员日前在火星上发现了一个古老湖泊的痕迹。这使人们在该红色星球上发现数十亿年前生命迹象的希望大大增强。空前evidence（证据）是一个名词，后面从句结构完整，这里是对evidence的解释说明，所以是同位语从句，从句结构完整，故填that。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个湖似乎占地有80平方英里，深达1500英尺。固定搭配appear to do 译为“似乎，好像做某事”；再根据下文“lake, which probably dates from some 3.4 billion years ago.”（这个湖可能已经距今34亿年了）可知，这个湖现在还在，已经持续了很久了，符合动词不定式完成时态用法，故填to have covered。
【3题详解】
考查形容词。句意：湖岸线以及其它地质证据的发现，使我们可以计算湖泊的大小和容积。这个湖泊距今约有34亿年历史。accompany（伴随）是一个动词，在句中没有能和它搭配的逻辑主语，所以这里要考虑其它词性。后面的geological evidence（地质证据）是名词，那么这里需要有一个形容词来修饰。故填accompanying。
【4题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：湖岸线以及其它地质证据的发现，使我们可以计算湖泊的大小和容积。这个湖泊距今约有34亿年历史。从句缺少主语，主语主句中的lake（湖），这里是单数形式；再根据本句主句用的是一般现在时态，而且讲述的是一个事实，所以从句也使用一般现在时态，故填dates。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：对成像的分析显示，水流冲刷出了一条溪谷，这条溪谷与一个山谷相连，流水沉积物还形成一个的三角洲。从句结构不完整，缺失主语，前面有逗号，这是非限制性定语从句，先行词是canyon（溪谷）是指代物的，故填which。
【6题详解】
考查时态。句意：研究表明湖泊存在于人们所认为的火星寒冷干旱期。exist（存在）是一个动词，从句中的主句没有谓语动词，所以这里需要谓语动词形式。主句时态是一般过去时态，所以从句也使用一般过去时态，故填existed。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家认为，火星最古老的表面是在温暖湿润的被称之为Noachan时代形成的，距今约41亿到37亿年。know（知道）是一个动词，从句中已经有了谓语动词formed（形成），所以这里是非谓语动词形式；再根据固定搭配“be known as”译为（作为...而出名）可知，这里需要的是know的过去分词形式，表被动。故填known。
【8题详解】
考查介词。句意：该研究表明，最新发现的这一湖泊是在赫斯伯利亚纪时期形成的，比火星温暖湿润季的结束还晚3亿年。根据上文“The science field believes that the oldest surfaces on Mars formed during the wet and warm era known as the Noachan epoch, about 4.1 billion to 3.7 billion years ago.”（科学家认为，火星最古老的表面是在温暖湿润的被称之为Noachan时代形成的，距今约41亿到37亿年。）以及“the lake, which probably dates from some 3.4 billion years ago.”（这个湖可能距今34亿年）可知，最古老的表面发现是距今41亿到37亿年，而这个湖泊发现是距今34亿年，所以相比来说还要晚3亿年，固定搭配“by+时间”表示“晚于…”，故填by。
【9题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：科学家认为，湖泊附近的三角洲可能完好地保存有生命存在的秘密，因为地球上类似的三角洲也是有机碳和其它生命标志物的天然寄存地。根据本句句意可知，科学家是进行的推测，所以这里想要表示的是“可能，应该”，故填may/might/can/could。
【10题详解】
考查连词。句意：科学家认为，湖泊附近的三角洲可能完好地保存有生命存在的秘密，因为地球上类似的三角洲也是有机碳和其它生命标志物的天然寄存地。根据本句句意可知，后面的句子想要说的就是“这个秘密的原因”是什么，所以用连词引导原因状语从句，故填because/as/since。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. non-existent B. idea C. frustrated D. surge E. application
F. instantly G. repetitive H. timely I. consideration J. swollen K. fault
Being an information technology, or IT, worker is not a job I envy. They are the ones who, right in the middle of a critical meeting, are expected to ____11____fix the projector that’s no longer working. They have to tolerate the bad tempers of colleagues ____12____at the number of times they’ve had to call the help desk for the same issue. They are also the ones who know there are systems that are more powerful, reliable and faster, but their employer simply will not put up the funds to buy them.
According to a recent survey, employees who have a job reliant on IT support consider IT a major source of job dissatisfaction. Though no ____13____of their own, they can suddenly find their productivity deteriorating or quality control ____14____. And there’s little they can do about it.
The experience of using IT penetrates( 渗 透 ) almost the entire work field. It has become a crucial part of employees’ overall work experience. When IT is operating as it should, employee self-confidence swells. Their job satisfaction, too, can ____15____when well-functioning machines relieve them of dull tasks or ____16____processes. But if there’s one thing that triggers widespread employee frustration, it’s an IT transformation project gone wrong, where ____17____-expectations have been popped and a long list of promised efficiencies have been reversed. This occurs when business leaders implement IT initiatives with little ____18____of how those changes will impact the end user, which is why managers should appreciate just how influential the IT user experience is to their employees, and exert substantial effort in ensuring their IT team eliminates programming errors and ____19____crashes. Adequate and _____20_____IT support should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work. More importantly, IT practitioners need to understand what employees experience mentally when they use IT.
Therefore, businesses need to set up their IT infrastructure so that it is designed to fit in with their employees’ work, rather than adjust their wok to fit in with the company’s IT limitations.
【11~20题答案】
【答案】11. F 12. C
13. K 14. A
15. D 16. G
17. J 18. I
19. E 20. H
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了信息技术工作者的工作幸福值很低。
【11题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们在开一个关键会议，而不得不马上去修复投影仪的技术人员。根据空后的“fix the projector”可知，此处应填副词修饰动词fix，且此处意为“立刻，马上”，故选instantly,符合句意。故选F。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们必须忍受同事的坏脾气，因为他们为同一问题打电话给服务台的次数太多而感到沮丧。根据空前名词colleagues可知，此处应填形容词做colleagues的后置定语，frustrated“沮丧的”符合句意，故选frustrated，故选C。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管不是他们自己的错，他也会突然发现自己工作效率降低以及无法控制产品质量。根据空后的“of their own”可知，此处应填名词，且此处意为“他们自己的错误”，故选fault，符合句意。故选K。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管不是他们自己的错，他也会突然发现自己工作效率降低以及无法控制产品质量。根据空前的名词短语“quality control”可知，此处应填形容词修饰quality control，且此处意为“无法控制质量”，故应选non-existent“不存在的”作宾语补足语，故选A。
【15题详解】
考查动词。句意：当运行无误的机器减轻了他们的工作无聊的任务以及重复的过程时，他们会感到满足。根据空前情态动词can可知，此处应填动词，且此处意为“他们的幸福感会出现”，故选surge“出现”，故选D。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当运行无误的机器减轻了他们的工作无聊的任务以及重复的过程时，他们会感到满足。根据空后的名词“processes”可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词，且此处意为“反复的工作程序”，故应填repetitive“重复的，反复的”，故选G。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但是如果有一件事会引起技术人员的不开心，那就是信息技术转换项目出错，过高的预期已经破灭。根据空后的名词expectations可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词，且此处意为“过高的预期”，故选swollen“肿胀的，上涨的”符合句意，故选J。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：当业务领导者实施IT计划时，很少考虑这些更改将如何影响最终用户，这就是为什么管理者应该意识到IT用户体验对其员工的影响，并尽最大努力确保其IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。根据空前的“little”以及空后的“of”可知，此处应填名词，且此处意为“没有考虑到”，故选consideration“考虑”符合句意，故选I。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：当业务领导者实施IT计划时，很少考虑这些更改将如何影响最终用户，这就是为什么管理者应该意识到IT用户体验对其员工的影响，并尽最大努力确保其IT团队消除编程错误和应用程序崩溃。根据空后的“crash”可知，此处应填修饰crash的词，此处可用名词application修饰crash，application crash意为“程序崩溃”，故选application，故选E。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：还应提供充分和及时的IT支持，以使用户能够处理工作中的技术问题。。根据空“should also be available to enable users to cope with technological issues at work”以及空后的IT support可知，此处应填形容词，且此处意为“及时的帮助”，故选timely，故选H。
III. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first ____21____, they were like newborn children, unable to use this ____22____tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for humankind’s future attainments and cultural growth increased.
Many linguists believe that evolution is ____23____for our ability to produce and use language. They claim that our highly evolved brain provides us with innate language ability not found in lower ____24____. Proponents of this innateness theory say that our ____25____ for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, ____26____a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore, there are critical ____27____times for language development.
Current ____28____of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. ____29____, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in the lower grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the ____30____of their first language have become firmly fixed.
Although some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been isolated from other human beings do not ____31____language. This demonstrates that interaction with other human beings is necessary for ____32____language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language ____33____than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as ____34____, learned behavior. ____35____, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child’s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.
21. A. originated B. evolved C. born D. generated
22. A. appropriate B. valuable C. reliable D. favorite
23. A. essential B. available C. convenient D. responsible
24. A. organizations B. organisms C. humans D. children
25. A. potential B. performance C. preference D. passion
26. A. as B. just as C. like D. unlike
27. A. ideological B. biological C. social D. psychological
28. A. reviews B. references C. reactions D. recommendations
29. A. In a word B. In a sense C. Indeed D. In consequence
30. A. regulations B. formations C. rules D. constitutions
31. A. understand B. speak C. possess D. interpret
32. A. right B. proper C. accurate D. suitable
33. A. appreciation B. acquisition C. requirement D. alternative
34. A. imitative B. communicative C. initiative D. accumulative
35. A. As a result B. After all C. Above all D. In other words
【21~35题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了语言在人类进化过程中的形成以及与人类成长的关系。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人类刚开始进化的时候，他们就像刚出生的孩子一样，不能使用这个有价值的工具。A. originated起源；B. evolved进化；C. born出生；D. generated产生；根据下文“they were like newborn children, unable to use this tool（他们就像刚出生的孩子，不能使用这个工具）”说像刚出生的孩子，所以表示人类进化之初；故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当人类刚开始进化的时候，他们就像刚出生的孩子一样，不能使用这个有价值的工具。A. appropriate合适的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. reliable 可靠的；D. favorite 最喜欢的；根据上文“From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us（从童年到老年，我们都用语言来拓宽我们对自己和周围世界的认识）”可知，语言这种工具非常重要即有价值；故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多语言学家认为，进化是我们产生和使用语言能力的原因。A. essential必要的；B. available 可用的，可获得的 C. convenient方便的，便利的 D. responsible作为缘由的，有责任的；根据下文“They claim that our highly evolved brain provides us with innate language ability（他们声称，我们高度进化的大脑为我们提供了先天的语言能力）”；可知，这句话再解释语言形成的原因-大脑进化；故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们声称，我们高度进化的大脑为我们提供了与生俱来的语言能力，这是低等生物所没有的。A. organizations组织；B. organisms生物体；C. humans人类；D. children孩子；根据句式结构可知 “not found 是非谓语作定语修饰innate language ability（天生的语言能力）”这种能力是人类这种高级动物才具有的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种先天理论的支持者说，我们的语言潜能是天生的。A. potential潜力；B. performance表现，表演；C. preference喜好，倾向；D. passion激情；根据下文“but that language itself develops gradually（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的）”可知语言有潜力，才能慢慢发展。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：但语言本身是逐渐发展的，是童年时期大脑发育的一个功能。A. as作为；B. just as就像；C. like像；D. unlike不像；根据前句“but that language itself develops gradually（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的）”，以及下文“a function of the growth of the brain during childhood（这是儿童时期大脑发育的一个功能）”可知，语言逐渐发展，变成儿童的大脑功能；故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，语言发展有关键的生物学时期。A. ideological思想体系的；B. biological 生物的；C. social社交的；D. psychological心理的，精神的；根据上文“but that language itself develops gradually, a function of the growth of the brain during childhood（但语言本身是逐渐发展起来的，这是儿童时期大脑发育的一个功能）”可知，语言在儿童时期发展，儿童时期属于生物学时期；故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前对先天理论的评论是混杂的，A. reviews评论；B. references参考；C. reactions反应； D. recommendations推荐；根据下文“however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable （然而，支持某些先天能力存在的证据是不可否认的）”由连词however可知，上下句是转折关系；所以设空处是人们对先天理论的观点；故选A。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，越来越多的学校发现，外语最好在低年级教授。A. In a word简言之；B. In a sense在某种意义上；C. Indeed实际上；D. In consequence因此，结果；根据下文“more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in the lower grades.（越来越多的学校发现，外语最好在低年级教。）”可知，这一观点与上文“However, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable（然而，支持某些先天能力存在的证据是不可否认的）”这一观点是相反的，并开始进一步说明；故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而成年人一旦他们的第一语言规则已经固定下来，学习另一种语言就会困难得多。A. regulations法规；B. formations信息；C. rules规则；D. constitutions章程；根据上文“Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知，儿童学习获得语言能力，而语言学习需要学习其规则；故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与他人隔离的儿童没有语言能力。A. understand理解；B. speak说；C. possess拥有；D. interpret打断；根据上文“Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知儿童通过学习获得语言的能力；故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这表明，与他人的互动是语言发展的必要条件。A. right正确的；B. proper真正的；C. accurate精确地；D. suitable适宜的，合适的；根据上文“Children who have been isolated from other human beings do not possess language.（与他人隔离的儿童没有语言能力。）”可知，只有与人沟通儿童才能或者语言能力；即学会真正的语言；故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些语言学家认为，这是人类语言习得的基础，比任何先天能力都要重要。A. appreciation欣赏；B. acquisition习得；C. requirement要求；D. alternative选择；根据上文“Young children often can learn several languages by being exposed to them（小孩子经常可以通过接触几种语言来学习）”可知，儿童学习语言；即这一能力是习得性技能；故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些理论家认为语言是模仿的、习得的行为。A. imitative效仿的；B. communicative爱说话的；C. initiative主动的；D. accumulative积累的；根据下文“children learn language from their parents by imitating them.（孩子们通过模仿父母来学习语言。）”可知，儿童通过模仿学习别人获得语言能力；故选A。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：换句话说，孩子通过模仿父母来学习语言。A. As a result结果；B. After all毕竟；C. Above all首先；D. In other words换句话说；根据上文“These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior.（这些理论家认为语言是模仿的、习得的行为。）”以及下文“children learn language from their parents by imitating them.（孩子们通过模仿父母来学习语言。）”可知，两句都是同义句；故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
I’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.
Why are America’s kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.
Considering that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation.
At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.
To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.
Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games, movies and mobile phones; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.
Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.
Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.
36. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago________.
A. were probably less self-centered B. were less isolated physically
C. were considered less individualistic D. probably suffered less from anxiety
37. What does the author mean when he says, “we can’t turn the clock back” (Line 1 Para. 3)?
A. It’s impossible to forget the past.
B. It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change.
C. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.
D The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.
38. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is________.
A. to get them more involved in society
B. to set a good model for them to follow
C. to lower their expectations for the future
D. to provide them with a safer environment
39. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
A. Children’s anxiety is not so serious as it seems.
B. Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.
C. Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.
D. Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.
【36~39题答案】
【答案】36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要讲了现在的孩子比50年前的孩子压力大，要缓解这种情况，需要加强孩子的社团的联系，尽量减少个人主义，让他们更多的融入社会，减少他们接触暴力的可能，定期的锻炼身体也可以缓解压力。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第一段的“I was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. (我被一篇报道所震惊，报道总结了现在的孩子比20世纪50年代的孩子有更大的焦虑)”可知，根据一项分析，与今天的正常儿童相比，50年前被视为精神疾病的儿童可能较少焦虑。故选D。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文中第二段的“The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.(这篇报道引证了两个主要原因：由高离婚率所带来的孤独以及世界是一个更加危险的地方。)”以及第三段“Considering that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation.(考虑到我们无法让时光倒流，成年人仍然可以帮助下一代应对未来。)”可知，因为现在的离婚率较高以及世界比之前更危险的状况，尽管我们无法改变这种状况，但是仍然可以帮助他们，故这里的turn clock back指的是孩子们面临的无法改变的现实，故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“At the top of the list is nurturing a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.(最应该要做的就是培养对个人主义局限性的更好认知。没有哪个孩子是一座孤岛。加强社会关系能帮助构建社区并且帮助个人对抗压力。)”可知，最重要的是要让孩子融入社会。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Considering that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation.(考虑到我们无法让时光倒流，成年人仍然可以帮助下一代应对未来。)”可知，尽管现在孩子的焦虑是无法避免的，但是成年人可以帮助他们应对一些这些问题。故选B。
(B)
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What pass am I eligible for? Read our lift pass definitions below to find out.
*Multi passes are valid for both consecutive & non-consecutive days & can be used any time throughout the 2021 winter season at Cardrona only.
Your lift pass will be stored on an electronic RFID pass. To make the most of your clever pass, activate your personal profile online. Once you’re logged into your profile you can:
▪Top up your card with lift passes, rental gear, lift & rental packages and lessons.
▪ Keep track of your on-slope statistics at Cardrona (days spent, run count, activities taken, etc.)
Definitions for Lift Passes:
Student: 18+yrs enrolled full time (minimum 32 weeks in a calendar year) with a New Zealand or Australian tertiary institution. Student ID & proof of full time status (letter from institution) is required. ID card must be in English & include a valid expiry date.
Child: Currently attending school, 6-17yrs inclusive. Kids under 6 ski for free in winter, & kids under 9 bike for free in summer! Photo ID will be required.
Senior: 65 – 74yrs of age. Photo ID will be required.
Under 6yrs & 75 Years+: Under 6yrs & over 75yrs, as at June 1, 2021, ski for free. Please collect a complimentary lift pass from the ticket office. Photo ID will be required.
40. After activation of your online profile, what can you do to maximize the value of your pass?
A. You can monitor what activities you have done at Cardrona.
B. You can store your lift pass on an electronic RFID pass.
C. You can open up the online account of your clever pass.
D. You can participate in most tutor lessons without any charge.
41. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Cardrona is only open to those who are skilled at snowing or skiing.
B. One can get in Cardrona from 8.30 a.m. to 4 p.m. with 1 Day Peak pass.
C. Anyone with Rocky Mountain Super Pass can have free access to Cardrona.
D. Those with 1 Day Off Peak pass are entitled to ski at Cardrona on Oct. 24th.
42. How much will the Half Day Peak passes cost for a family of two parents, one 12-year-old boy, one freshman at Auckland University, one 5 years old, and one grandmother of 76?
A. $ 270 B. $275 C. $295 D. $ 320
【40~42题答案】
【答案】40. A 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了卡德罗纳滑雪场的具体信息。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To make the most of your clever pass, activate your personal profile online. Once you’re logged into your profile you can: ▪Top up your card with lift passes, rental gear, lift & rental packages and lessons.▪ Keep track of your on-slope statistics at Cardrona (days spent, run count, activities taken, etc.)”（为了充分利用你的智能通行证，激活你的个人网上资料。一旦你登录了你的资料，你就可以：使用电梯通行证、租赁设备、电梯和租赁套餐以及课程为您的卡充值，记录您再卡德罗纳滑雪场的斜坡统计数据（花费的天数、跑步的次数、参加的活动等等）。）可知，在登录个人信息之后，我们可以去看到自己在滑雪场的数据了，故选A。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Half day passes: 8.30 a.m. – 12.30 p.m. morning, 12.30 p.m. – 4 p.m. afternoon”（半天时间：早上八点半到中午十二点半，下午十二点半到四点）可知，从早上8:30到下午4:00可以进入达卡德罗纳，只需要一天的高峰通行证，故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据价格表“Half Day Peak passes”信息，“Child: Currently attending school, 6-17yrs inclusive”（孩子：目前在校，6-17岁），“Under 6yrs & over 75yrs, as at June 1, 2021, ski for free.”（6岁以下，75岁以上，滑雪免费）以及题目中的人物信息可知，a family of two parents是指两个成年人，价格是85×2=170；one 12-year-old boy是一个孩子，价格50；one freshman at Auckland University是一个学生，价格75；one 5 years old, and one grandmother of 76是免费的，所以总共是170+50+75=295，故选C。
(C)
Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage (下水道污水) to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million acres of cropland, according to a new report — and it may not be a bad thing.
While the practice carries serious health risks for many, those dangers are outweighed by the social and economic gains for poor urban farmers and consumers who need affordable food. “There is a large potential for wastewater agriculture to both help and hurt great numbers of urban consumers,” said Liqa Raschid-Sally, who led the study.
The report focused on poor urban areas, where farms in or near cities supply relatively inexpensive food. Most of these operations draw irrigation water from local rivers or lakes. Unlike developed cities, however, these areas lack advanced water-treatment facilities, and rivers effectively become sewers (下水道).
When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing bacteria, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed. Nearly 2.2 million people die each year because of diarrhea-related (与腹泻相关的) diseases, according to WHO statistics. More than 80% of those cases can be attributed to contact with contaminated water and a lack of proper sanitation. But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.
Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.
Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh water consumption.
In poor, dry regions, untreated wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers.
Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the developing world. But frequently untreated human waste harvested from lavatories is delivered to farms and spread as fertilizer.
In most cases, the human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases. With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary, alternative.
In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer use can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients.
“Overly strict standards often fail,” James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. “We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason.”
43. What is the main problem caused by the use of waste water for irrigation?
A. Farmers and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.
B. It will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.
C. It will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business.
D. Rivers and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated.
44. What is environmental scientist Pay Drechsel’s attitude towards the use of untreated human waste in agriculture?
A. Indifferent. B. Responsible. C. Favorable. D. Skeptical.
45. What does Pay Drechsel think of the risks involved in using untreated human waste for farming?
A. They can be addressed by improved sanitation.
B. They will be minimized with new technology.
C. They have been somewhat exaggerated.
D. They can be dealt with through education.
46. What do we learn about James Bartram’s position on the use of human waste for farming?
A. He challenges Liqa Raschid-Sally’s conclusion.
B. He deems it indispensable for combating global poverty.
C. He echoes Pay Drechsel’s opinion on the issue.
D. He thinks it the only way out of the current food crisis.
【43~46题答案】
【答案】43. A 44. C 45. D 46. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将污水用于农业灌溉可能会让农民和消费者受到有害细菌的影响，但相关专家认为这一问题可以通过教育解决，并认为将污水用于农业灌溉是可行的。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing bacteria, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed.(当这些水被用于农业灌溉时，农民和那些生吃未经清洗的农产品的消费者都面临着吸收致病细菌的风险)”可知，用污水灌溉造成的主要问题是农民和消费者可能会受到有害细菌的影响。故选A项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.(但是环境科学家佩·德雷塞尔(Pay Drechsel)认为，使用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食，其社会和经济效益超过了健康风险)”可知，Pay Drechsel认为用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食，效益高于风险，所以他对此持支持态度。故选C项。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.(他说，这些危险可以通过对农民和消费者进行教育来解决，而人类排泄物中的免费水和营养物质可以帮助发展中国家的城市农民摆脱贫困)”可知，Pay Drechsel认为用未经处理的人类排泄物来种植粮食带来的风险可以通过教育来解决。故选D项。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Overly strict standards often fail,’ James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. ‘We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason.’(世界卫生组织水卫生专家巴特拉姆说，“过于严格的标准往往会失败。我们需要在地球的大部分地区接受这一事实，所以很少或没有处理的污水将有充分的理由用于农业。”)”可推知，James Bartram也赞同将污水用于农业灌溉，所以他赞同Pay Drechsel在这个问题上的观点。故选C项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Directions: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just read.
Your Incredible Brain
Physicist Emerson Pugh once said that if the human brain were so simple that we could understand it, we would be so simple that we couldn’t. Thankfully, the complexity of brain is so great that we are not simple and neither, therefore, is the task of understanding it.
___47___ Our latest attempt to count them suggests there are 75 different types in the neocortex alone, the area responsible for our most advanced thoughts and behaviors.
That isn’t to say our efforts to explore the brain’s mysteries are in vain. Despite Pugh’s observation, we are always learning more and more about how a 1.5-kilogram lump of tissue that flutters and crackles inside our skull can come up with our most elaborate ― behaviors. ____48____
Breakthroughs in the understanding of how our brain stitch (缝合) together our sense of reality are redefining what it means to be conscious. They are also highlighting the persistent power of the mind, even in the cases in which our bodies hide all signs of awareness.
We don’t appear to be heading towards a world of jars full of brains, bodies thrown away, just yet though. ___49___ Gut thinking is not just a clever turn of phrase: microbes in our intestines (肠道) affect our risk for neurological conditions, and can influence our mood and mental health.
And when it comes to preventing cognitive decline, physical activity is crucial. Still, let’s not reject a sci-fi future entirely ― we know, for instance, that magnetic stimulation can have many uses, from treating depression to supercharging our brain’s processing power, effectively making us smarter.
The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions. ____50____ After all, between our ears lies the most complex object in the known universe.
A. But that should come as no surprise.
B. Our brain-body connection has never been so strong.
C Pugh’s claim appears to be widely challenged among scientific circles.
D. Yet each new insight raises more questions, while it also casts age-old problems in a new light.
E. We seem to have a long way to go before we will be able to shed any further light on the structure of the brain.
F. However, it can feel like an amazing achievement to establish even basic facts, such as how many different kinds of brain cells we have.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. F 48. D 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类不可思议的大脑的复杂性和对其展开的研究。
【详解】1.根据下文的“Our latest attempt to count them suggests there are 75 different types in the neocortex alone, the area responsible for our most advanced thoughts and behaviors.”（我们最新统计方法表明仅在新皮质就有75种，新皮质负责我们大多数先进的思想和行为）可知，设空出应讲述对大脑进行研究后发现了很多不同种类和功能的细胞。F项 “然而，即使是建立基本的事实，比如我们有多少不同种类的脑细胞，也会感觉是一个惊人的成就。”切合文意，选项中的“different kinds of brain cells”呼应下文的“there are 75 different types ”。故选F。
2.根据上文“That isn’t to say our efforts to explore the brain’s mysteries are in vain. Despite Pugh’s observation, we are always learning more and more about how a 1.5-kilogram lump of tissue that flutters and crackles inside our skull can come up with our most elaborate ― behaviors.”（这并不是说我们探索大脑奥秘的努力是徒劳的。尽管Pugh的观察（认为大脑很复杂），但我们一直在了解这个重1.5公斤、在我们的颅内颤动和裂纹的组织是如何产生我们最精细的行为）可知人们一直在对大脑进行研究，由此推知设空处将陈述每次研究都会产生不同的见解，这些见解会让人们重新审视之前对大脑的一些认识。D项“然而，每一种新的见解都会引发更多的问题，同时也会用新的眼光看待那些古老的问题。”符合语境。故选D。
3.根据后文“Gut thinking is not just a clever turn of phrase: microbes in our intestines (肠道) affect our risk for neurological conditions, and can influence our mood and mental health.”（直觉思维不仅仅是一个聪明的措辞：我们肠道里的微生物会影响我们患神经系统疾病的风险，也会影响我们的情绪和精神健康。）可知，直觉思维不是一句搪塞的措辞，我们的身体的确会影响我们的大脑。由此可知，设空处说明我们的大脑和身体的紧密关系。B项 “我们大脑和身体的联系从未如此紧密过。”符合语境。故选B。
4.前文“The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions”（人类的大脑还有更多的启示在等待着我们，它们可能需要我们重新思考旧的想法或纠正我们的假设）和选项A中的“that should come as no surprise”（这不足为奇）构成转折关系，对应选项中的转折词But，选项中的that代指前文“The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions”。后文“After all, between our ears lies the most complex object in the known universe.”（毕竟，在我们的耳朵之间存在着已知宇宙中最复杂的物体。）解释了不足为奇的原因，所以选项A切合文意。故选A。
第 II 卷 ( 共 50 分 )
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Teaching Children about Forgiveness
If you’ve seen your children struggle to forgive someone for hurting them, you know that forgiveness is complicated. After all, forgiveness is complicated for adults, too. At times, we wonder why we’re trying to forgive someone anyway; later, we might think we’ve forgiven them, only to experience a sudden burst of anger. Indeed, it takes many years for us to grasp the meaning of forgiveness as we grow up.
It’s understandable that children may feel hurt or angry when a friend does something less-than-kind to them. Maybe the friend said something unkind or broke something precious, embarrassed them, excluded them, or told their secrets. Children may be tempted to get even with a friend who’s done them wrong, by doing something worse or telling everyone how terrible the friend is, but trying to get revenge only escalates (升级) the conflict.
Parents can play an important role in teaching children about forgiveness. Children watch how important adults in their lives respond when someone does something unkind. Do they complain to others or speak directly to the person involved? How long does it take them to get over being mad or hurt? How do they get over it? Parents can teach their children about the value of forgiveness by regularly practicing it in their own lives.
Sometimes parents can talk with their children about forgiveness, based on where kids are in their cognitive (认知的) and emotional development. For example, children need to understand that no one is perfect, so generously forgiving a well-meaning friend is a caring thing to do. If parents can help children see things a little more from other people’s perspective, this will make forgiveness easier. These conversations can change the way children think about forgiveness and help them emotionally recover when they inevitably experience harm and unfair treatment from others in life.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【51题答案】
【答案】Forgiveness is complicated and children’s understanding of forgiving develops as they grow older. Children may feel angry and want to revenge when they feel hurt or wronged. Parents need to be good role models themselves and have age-appropriate discussions with children to help them see things from other people’s perspective and better understand forgiveness.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇概要写作。主要讲述了在孩子眼里，“原谅”这一过程的特征，以及作为父母应如何教导孩子学会原谅。
【详解】第一步：审题
时态：时态应为一般现在时。
人称：第三人称，避免第一人称使用。
注意事项：
1. 写出原谅这一过程特征，为什么要原谅。
2. 父母如何教导孩子学会原谅。
3. 避免摘抄原文词语，学会同义替换。
第二步：段落总结
第一段：对于孩子来说，原来是一个复杂的认知过程，需要花费很长时间才能明白。
第二段：在受到伤害时，反抗或报复是一种生理自然反应。
第三段：家长要树立榜样，教学生学习“如何学习原谅”（也是文章的过渡段落）。
第四段：提出一些指导原则，帮助孩子学会“原谅”。
第三步：语义合并
文章第二段和第一段可以合并，写出Forgiveness is complicated and children’s understanding of forgiving develops as they grow older. Children may feel angry and want to revenge when they feel hurt or wronged.
第三段和第四段可以并列，写出Parents need to be good role models themselves and have age-appropriate discussions with children to help them see things from other people’s perspective and better understand forgiveness.
第四步：润色修改
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52. 一批又一批的中学生自愿加入了抗击疫情的战斗。（volunteer）（汉译英）
【52题答案】
【答案】Groups and groups of middle school students(have) volunteered to join in the fight against the pandemic
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。“一批又一批的中学生”翻译为groups and groups of middle school students；根据所给词volunteer，“自愿做某事”翻译为volunteer to do sth.；“参加”翻译为join in；“抗击疫情的战斗”翻译为the fight against the pandemic。此处陈述过去事实，故应用一般过去时；也可以理解为过去发生的动作对现在影响，用现在完成时。故翻译为：Groups and groups of middle school students(have) volunteered to join in the fight against the pandemic。
53. 他们所称的“弱势群体”指的是没子女陪伴的残疾老人。（refer）（汉译英）
【53题答案】
【答案】What they call “the disadvantaged” refers to the disabled old people without the company of their (adult) children.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。“弱势群体”用the+adj.表达为the disadvantaged；“残疾人”用the+adj.表达为the old；“没有子女陪伴”可用without+n表达为without the company of their (adult) children；“他们所谓的”可用what引导名词性从句，表达为what they call；“指的是”为谓语动词，表达为refer to；此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，且what引导名词性从句，谓语动词用三人称单数。故翻译为What they call “the disadvantaged” refers to the disabled old people without the company of their (adult) children.
54. 在桥梁建筑领域工作了数十年，这位资深工程师处理起这种问题来游刃有余，你尽管放心。（count）（汉译英）
【54题答案】
【答案】Having worked in the field of bridge construction for decades, this senior engineer can deal with/address/handle this problem skillfully, so/ and you can count on him.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“桥梁建设领域”翻译为the field of bridge construction。“工作”为动词，翻译为work；“数十年”为时间状语，翻译为for decades；“这位自身工程师”翻译为this senior engineer；“处理这种问题”翻译为deal with/handle/address this problem；“游刃有余”可用副词修饰动作“处理”，表达为skillfully；“你尽管放心”可用so/and引导结果状语从句/并列句，翻译为so/and you can count on him；“在桥梁建筑领域工作了数十年”为状语，与主语之间为主动关系，且发生在谓语动词之前，故应用having done现在分词作状语，故翻译为：Having worked in the field of bridge construction for decades, this senior engineer can deal with/address/handle this problem skillfully, so/ and you can count on him。
55. 目前有些家庭严重缺少食物、药物之类的必需品，但问题不是这些物资供应短缺， 而是没有足够的人手进行运输和配送。（lie）（汉译英）
【55题答案】
【答案】Now some families are very short of necessities such as food and medicine, but the problem doesn’t lie in the shortage of the supply of these products but in the shortage of labour force to transport and deliver them.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“目前”应用now；主语为some families；表示“严重缺少”短语为be very short of；表示“食物、药物之类的必需品”翻译为necessities such as food and medicine；表示“不是……而是……”短语为not…but…；表示“在于”短语为lie in；表示“这些物资供应短缺”短语为in the shortage of the supply of these products；表示“没有足够的人手进行运输和配送”翻译为in the shortage of labour force to transport and deliver them。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Now some families are very short of necessities such as food and medicine, but the problem doesn’t lie in the shortage of the supply of these products but in the shortage of labour force to transport and deliver them.
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是实验中学高三学生龚瞩， 下个月学校即将迎来 35 周年校庆，现在策划团队向全校同学征集校庆当天各项活动的“金点子”。请给学生会写一封电子邮件，谈谈自己的方案并说明理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【56题答案】
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Gong Zhu, a senior three student. I am writing to share my thoughts on the 35th anniversary.
In my opinion, we can make the 35-year development of the school into PPT and play it on the big screen, so that all teachers and students can know more about our school. Besides, we can invite alumni who have graduated to come back and tell us something about the past of the school and how they spent their youth here, which can inspire us students to work hard. In addition, a live painting can be held to let students draw a picture of their ideal campus. I believe that this activity will encourage students to build a better campus.
If my suggestions can be adopted I will be grateful.
Yours,
Gong Zhu
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给学校35周年校庆策划团队写一封邮件，谈谈自己的方案并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想法：idea→thought
在我看来：as far as I am concerned→in my opinion
更了解：have a better understanding of→know more about
感激的：thankful→grateful
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：In addition, a live painting can be held to let students draw a picture of their ideal campus. I believe that this activity will encourage students to build a better campus.
拓展句：In addition, a live painting can be held to let students draw a picture of their ideal campus, which I believe will encourage students to build a better campus.
【点睛】[高分句型1]In my opinion, we can make the 35-year development of the school into PPT and play it on the big screen, so that all teachers and students can know more about our school.（运用了so that引导的目的状语从句）
[高分句型2]Besides, we can invite alumni who have graduated to come back and tell us something about the past of the school and how they spent their youth here, which can inspire us students to work hard. （运用了who引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1-5DAACD6-10 BAADA 11-13ADC14-16 CCD17-20 BAAC
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