2022-2023学年北京市房山区高三（上）期末英语试卷含解析

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2022-2023学年北京市房山区高三（上）期末英语试卷
题号
一
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五
六
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注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共14小题，共28.0分）
A
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book，or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations.No matter how they achieve it，these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Bishan Library（Singapore）
Built in 2006，this library with skylights and trellises，is meant to invoke a modern glass treehouse.Glass pods of varying colors stick out of the building randomly to create cozy yet airy corners for reading throughout the building.At the same time，a more open-plan children's room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from filtering upward and disturbing those concentrating in the lofty perches above.
Stuttgart City Library（Stuttgart，Germany）
Opened in 2011，this nine-story public library is characterized by its attractive white color scheme（lit by blue light at night），its bold cubic shape.This cultural center for the city，designed to feel open and full of light，can be entered from any of its four sides，and people can borrow artwork as well as books.
The Camel Library Service（North Eastern Province，Kenya）
To combat low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya，the government created a roaming library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages.The library travels four days a week serving the region's nomadic people.With more funding，they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the books they carry.
Macquarie University Library（Sydney，Australia）
A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas，this building was made from recycled materials，features a green roof，and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree.It is also state of the art，using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.
1. Which of the following can offer the service of lending artwork？ ______
A. Bishan Library. B. Stuttgart City Library.
C. The Camel Library Service. D. Macquarie University Library.
2. What can we know about the Macquarie University Library？ ______
A. It is intelligent and environmentally-friendly.
B. It has a green roof and a eucalyptus tree outside.
C. It is like a modern glass treehouse with skylights.
D. It opens four days a week serving the local people.
3. According to the passage，the four libraries are all designed to ______ .
A. prevent noise B. recycle old books
C. encourage reading D. present beautiful appearances
B
Influenced by her family，Xu started to learn the craft of making Chinese knots at home，but didn't expect the pastime to change her life at first.Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009，and has been devoted to developing the craft since then.
As a fan of photography，she often took photos of dragonflies，butterflies and flowers around a lake not far from her home，then she made knots resembling them，and posted the photos on a website.That attracted the attention of some people.
As an advertising design major，she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design，and can use various threads to make small，exquisite designs.She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture，such as festivals，tea and Peking Opera characters.
"Showing Chinese culture through traditional Chinese crafts—that is the original aspiration for me as an inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage，" says Xu.She has made more than 3，000 designs，and even opened two offline branch stores.Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls，car ornaments，cellphone chains and jewelry."I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people's needs in daily life，" says Xu.
Chen，an online follower，has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates."Influenced by Xu's work，I learn the craft to cultivate my temperament，and I also teach children to better understand Chinese culture，"says Chen."Chinese culture is popular in the UAE，and I often make some knots with Chinese elements for local people as gifts."
Xu has also been generous in helping others.She taught this art to workers who lost their jobs in her hometown，allowing them to master a skill from which they could earn an income.Students and people with disabilities were also beneficiaries.Indeed，more than 20 people with disabilities now actually work for her.
Despite the success of her career，Xu says working on the craft has benefited her more in a spiritual way."Tying knots requires concentration，and you must not be distracted during the process.It has trained me to deal with matters in a calm，peaceful and rational way，"says Xu."I believe the life of one person is short，and you have the right to decide how to spend it."
4. With the knowledge of design，Xu can ______ .
A. post plenty of attractive photos on the website
B. draw the Peking Opera characters more vividly
C. make many creative knots related to Chinese culture
D. take many professional photos of animals and flowers
5. What can we learn about Xu？ ______
A. She plans to open more offline branch stores abroad.
B. She designs products with a focus on people's everyday needs.
C. She is well-known for teaching how to make knots in the UAE.
D. She wants to help disabled students improve their concentration.
6. According to the passage，which of the following words can best describe Xu？ ______
A. Honest and easy-going. B. Modest and strong-willed.
C. Humorous and hard-working. D. Innovative and kind-hearted.
7. Which would be the best title for this passage？ ______
A. Traditional Chinese Crafts Go Global
B. Chinese Knot-making，a Skill Not to be Ignored
C. Traditional Chinese Culture Becomes Fashionable
D. Chinese Knot-making，a Chance for the Unemployed
C
With the development of technology，"paperless"seems to be the new trend.Instead of writing by hand，people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly.Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier. ？
A 2017 study in the journal Frontiers in Psychology found that regions of the brain associated with learning were more active when subjects completed a task by hand instead of on a keyboard.Not only that，but the study's authors also found that writing by hand could promote"deep encoding or processing" in a way that typing does not.
In fact，there have been many such studies to arrive at that conclusion.One notable example from 2014 compared students who took notes by hand with those who took notes on laptops.They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word，while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said，analyzing it for important content and"processing information and reframing it in their own words." When asked conceptual questions about the lecture，students who had taken notes by hand were better able to answer than those who had typed their notes.
Daniel Oppenheimer，one of the study's co-authors，told Medium's Elemental that in order to analyze the lecture，people had to contemplate the material and actually understand the arguments.This helped them learn the material better.The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.
Virginia Berninger，a professor at the University of Washington，says， "When we write a letter of the alphabet，the process of production involves pathways in the brain that go near or through parts that manage emotion."Pressing a key doesn't stimulate those pathways the same way.She says，"It's possible that there's not the same connection to the emotional part of the brain when people type，as opposed to writing in longhand.""In the same vein，writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say，"Oppenheimer says，"which may help self-expression."
Our keyboards are great for a lot of things.But sometimes，there's no replacing the feeling of spreading out a clean sheet of paper，uncapping a beloved pen，and letting the ink flow.
8. The author uses the question underlined in Paragraph 1 to ______ .
A. predict the ending B. introduce the topic
C. emphasize an opinion D. draw a conclusion
9. What can be inferred from the passage？ ______
A. People who write by hand tend to think deeply.
B. People who write by hand are likely to make comparisons.
C. People who write by hand slow down their learning process.
D. People who write by hand find it difficult to improve their memory.
10. As for handwriting，the author thinks it is ______ .
A. accurate B. unimportant C. annoying D. beneficial
D
Of all the weird and wonderful creatures living under the sea，perhaps the strangest are jellyfish—those rubbery，cone-shaped creatures found floating in the water，their long tentacles trailing behind.
Some jellyfish species have a bad reputation for scaring away tourists，clogging up fishing nets，and even blocking power station pipes.But with more and more plastic rubbish ending up in the sea，these days you're as likely to swim into a plastic bag as a jellyfish.Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.
In recent years，tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world's seas and oceans.These plastics are not visible to the eye and aren't caught by seawater treatment plants due to their small size，so they enter our system and harm our health.They've been found in many places—in Arctic ice，at the bottom of the sea and even inside animals.Slovenian scientist，Dr Ana Rotter，heads GoJelly，a European research team of jellyfish ecologists looking into the problem.
Microplastics，plastics in general，are becoming an increasing problem.Dr Ana Rotter says when she was a child，people were more environmentally friendly—not harmful to the environment or having the least possible impact on it.At that time，there were very few single-use plastics—plastic items，like spoons and forks，designed to be used just once，then thrown away.The situation since then has changed dramatically.In fact，there's been such an increase in microplastics that today the UN lists plastic pollution as one of the world's top environmental threats.
But how do jellyfish fit into the story？Well，it's the jelly part of jellyfish，and specifically their sticky，jelly-like mucus that is key.Jellyfish produce a thick，sticky liquid called mucus.Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb，take in liquids and other substances.One of the substances jellyfish mucus absorbs are the particles that make up microplastics.
Dr Rotter's research is still in the early stages，but it's hoped that jellyfish mucus could hold the key to a future free of microplastic polluted oceans.Scientists are hoping that the mucus's absorptive —its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them，will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea.By trapping these，the mucus acts like a magnet—an object that attracts certain materials，like metal，but in this case，microplastic waste.
11. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ______ .
A. where microplastics can be found
B. why microplastics can harm our health
C. what problems the seas and oceans are facing
D. how the research was carried out by the scientist
12. What can we learn from this passage？ ______
A. Jellyfish species cause a great threat to the sea.
B. Jellyfish species like to swim and live in plastic bags.
C. Jellyfish mucus can attract metals and break them down.
D. Jellyfish mucus can absorb liquids and some other substances.
13. What does the underlined word"properties"in Paragraph 6 most probably mean？ ______
A. Qualities. B. Substances. C. Choices. D. Materials.
14. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？ ______
A. To show the harm that sea and ocean pollution brings to human beings.
B. To introduce the living habits of the weird and wonderful creatures in the sea.
C. To provide a new method for collecting data on environmental threats in the sea.
D. To inform a promising scientific finding for dealing with plastic pollution in the sea.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Happiness is considered very important in life.It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life — your sleep，relationships，health，study and work. (1)
Happiness doesn't happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us. (2) It's necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them，which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.
(3) When you are feeling negative about yourself，ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself.Now try to apply that advice to yourself.
Keeping moving is also a good way.When people get up and move，they tend to be happier than when they are still.We don't know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more，but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness. (4) Sunlight makes a difference.Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.
It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others. (5) Happiness is infectious，so stay with people who are happy，supportive and give you positive feedback.
Happiness often comes from within.When you are happy，anything is possible.Happy people don't have the best of everything；they make the best of what they have.

A.The first secret is to enjoy simple things in life.
B.Sometimes，you need to treat yourself like a friend.
C.Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.
D.You can forget about your problems，and turn to your friends for help.
E.Happiness is not something ready-made，but comes from your own actions.
F.Goal setting is important，since it forms the outline for the life you envision.
G.People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.
15.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15.0分）
It was a windy day.I was walking in a forest when I saw a baby squirrel（松鼠），who fell out of its nest，lying(20) on the ground.I tried many times to put it back，but failed.After waiting over two hours，I found it couldn't(21)， so I decided to take it to my home for the night.
Once at home，I realized the squirrel，who I named Cathy，was still uncomfortable.I discovered that there were some weeds on her body，so I gave her a(22)and got her all cleaned up.Three days later，Cathy could move in the room.To our delight，she got(23)to me and my family.I gave a lot of time and attention to her，and even made her a nest.Every day，I fed her a combination of healthy foods，including fruits，vegetables，and nuts.Under my(24)，the baby member got better and better.Everyone who came to my home loved her，and she even(25) with my two dogs.
One week later，Cathy recovered(26).I realized it was the right time for her to leave.I (27) her into the wild several times，but she just kept coming back!Maybe she was so(28) that I saved her，and expressed it in her own way.
At last，with the help of my friend，the squirrel went into the wild. "Cathy has brought a lot of (29)into my life，and it seems that she feels the same way!"
20.  A. calm B. silent C. weak D. curious
21.  A. wave B. see C. approach D. move
22.  A. ride B. bath C. choice D. trick
23.  A. ruder B. nobler C. closer D. noisier
24.  A. care B. control C. guidance D. praise
25.  A. put up B. got away C. broke up D. got along
26.  A. completely B. differently
C. anxiously D. disappointedly
27.  A. risked B. threw C. hid D. released
28.  A. happy B. confident C. grateful D. proud
29.  A. security B. joy C. courage D. freedom
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
30.
A

Last weekend，I participated in a clean-up activity.It was organized by an organization (1) aimed to protect natural parks.Our team leader，Joe， (2) （ take） us to a park outside the city.He divided us into two groups and we worked for several hours. (3) made us happy was that the park looked cleaner than it had looked before.It was absolutely worth our effort!There'll be another clean-up activity in the green belt next Saturday.I'll join too.
B

Chinese (1) （researcher） have deployed an in-situ scientific experiment station on the seabed that will enable long-term uncrewed scientific research in the deep sea.The in-situ scientific experiment station is a new deep- sea system (2) （ suggest） by China in recent years.Usually， (3) （ tradition） marine surveys take samples from the seabed and get them tested in the land labs.For in-situ testing in the deep sea，damage or loss of sample data due to environmental changes can (7) （ avoid）.
C

Possessing more bamboo than any other country in the world，China is known as the Kingdom of Bamboo.To the Chinese people，bamboo is the symbol of virtue.It has the title of" the gentleman of plants ".It is always (1) （ close） related to people of positive spirit.For example， (2) （ it） deep root symbolizes determination，and the straight and hollow stem represents straightness and modesty.Bamboo culture always plays a positive role in encouraging Chinese people to hold on when (3) （ face） tough situations.

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
五、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共12.0分）
31. The Grand Canal is a vast waterway system in China，running from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south.It stretches for nearly 3，200 kilometers and passes through eight of the country's provinces and municipalities.
Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site，the canal is the longest and oldest artificial river in the world.It has played an important role in ensuring China's economic prosperity and stability，and is in use today as a major means of transportation.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal is 82 km long.Along it，cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.
The city government has unveiled two development plans：the first is an implementation plan for the protection，inheritance and utilization of the canal's cultural values；the second is a construction plan for building a Grand Canal-themed national cultural park.
The plan sets up three implementation milestones in the next five years.In 2020，efforts have been made to lay a firm foundation for the construction of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park，with the Tongzhou section of the canal open to navigation and a management mechanism of the park established.By 2023，significant progress is expected to be made in coordinating the protection and utilization of cultural resources along the canal，with the national cultural park basically set up.By 2025，the park will become a new cultural landmark in Beijing.The Grand Canal，with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved，will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.Cities along the canal by then will welcome further coordinated or integrated development.
The Beijing section of the Grand Canal，a valued asset for the capital，is marked out as a river boasting rich cultural resources，ecological value，social benefits and economic potential.The capital is set to roll out more measures to bring out the best in the canal.
(1) According to the passage，what roles has the Grand Canal played？ ______
(2) What does the Beijing government consider a top priority for protection along the Grand Canal？ ______
(3) Please decide which part is false in the following statement，then underline it and explain why.
With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks，the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development. ______
（4）There are many UNESCO World Heritage sites in China.What can we do to protect them？（In about 40 words） ______
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）
32. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：
（1）说明写信原因；
（2）介绍你的相关经验和优势；
（3）希望能被录用。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam，
______
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Stuttgart City Library （Stuttgart，Germany）中的This cultural center for the city，designed to feel open and full of light，can be entered from any of its four sides，and people can borrow artwork as well as books.（这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放，光线充足，可以从四面进入，人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。）可知，人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据Macquarie University Library （Sydney，Australia）中的A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas，this building was made from recycled materials，features a green roof，and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree.It is also state of the art，using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.（这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完美结合，由回收材料建造，有绿色屋顶，设计模仿桉树的外观。它也是最先进的，使用机器人起重机将所需的书籍送到前台。）可知，关于麦觉理大学图书馆，我们知道它智能环保。故选A项。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book，or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations.No matter how they achieve it，these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.（有些图书馆以独特的建筑外观吸引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书，或通过流动图书馆服务，将书籍带给不便于到馆的读者。无论方式如何，这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅读的魔力经久不衰。）可知，文章介绍的这些图书馆归根结底都有一个目的，就是吸引读者阅读、鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆，其目的是鼓励人们阅读。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段As an advertising design major，she makes innovated knots based on her knowledge of design，and can use various threads to make small，exquisite designs.She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture，such as festivals，tea and Peking Opera characters.（作为一名广告设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Her products include decorations of different sizes that can be put on walls，car ornaments，cellphone chains and jewelry. "I believe our intangible cultural heritage can be better developed and passed down when it meets people's needs in daily life，" says Xu."（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说："我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。"）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段She has created many series of works based on traditional Chinese culture，such as festivals，tea and Peking Opera characters.（她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人。根据倒数第二段Xu has also been generous in helping others.（徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。）可知，徐是一位热心的人。A.Honest and easy-going 诚实随和的；B.Modest and strong-willed谦逊而坚强的；C.Humorous and hard-working幽默和勤奋的；D.Innovative and kind-hearted创新善良的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Xu became a city-level inheritor of this provincial-level intangible cultural heritage in 2009，and has been devoted to developing the craft since then.（2009年，他成为了这一省级非物质文化遗产的市级传承人，此后一直致力于发展这一技艺。）和第五段首句"Chen，an online follower，has been teaching how to make knots in the United Arab Emirates."（陈是一名在线粉丝，一直在阿拉伯联合酋长国教授如何制作中国结。）可知，文章主要讲述了徐在家制作中国结，弘扬中国传统文化，成为非物质文化遗产继承人，在她的影响下中国结这一传统中国手工艺已经走向世界。所以A.Traditional Chinese Crafts Go Global.（中国传统工艺走向世界。）适合做文章标题。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了从小受家庭影响的徐，在家制作中国结，并根据自己拍摄的照片编制中国结获得大众喜爱，同时利用自己的广告设计专业优势进行创新，弘扬中国传统文化，成为非物质文化遗产继承人，帮助同乡的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8~10.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段With the development of technology，"paperless"seems to be the new trend.Instead of writing by hand，people began to use computers to type in order to produce text quickly.Some people said word processing made producing and editing text much easier.Will handwriting be completely replaced by typing？（随着科技的发展，"无纸化"似乎是一种新的趋势。人们开始使用计算机打字，以快速生成文本。一些人说，文字处理使文本的生成和编辑变得更加容易。手写会被打字完全取代吗？）可知，文章开篇提出了"无纸化"是一种新趋势，然后提出问题"手写会完全被打字取代吗？"结合下文内容可推知，第一段最后一句的问题是为了引出话题，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said，analyzing it for important content and"processing information and reframing it in their own words."（手写做笔记的学生则更倾向于先听讲，然后分析其中的重要内容，并 "用自己的语言对信息进行加工和重构"。）和第四段中Daniel Oppenheimer，one of the study's co-authors，told Medium's Elemental that in order to analyze the lecture，people had to contemplate the material and actually understand the arguments.This helped them learn the material better.（该研究合著者之一的丹尼尔•奥本海默在接受Medium's Elemental 采访时表示，"人们想要剖析课堂内容，就必须深入思考，并真正理解其中的论点，这有助于他们更好地学习知识。"）可知，手写的人倾向于深入思考。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的Not only that，but the study's authors also found that writing by hand could promote"deep encoding or processing" in a way that typing does not.（不仅如此，该研究的作者还发现，用手书写可以促进"深度编码或处理"，而打字则不会。）可知，手写可以促进深度编码或处理；第三段中的They found that the students using laptops tended to write down what the professor said word for word，while those who took notes by hand were more likely to listen to what was being said，analyzing it for important content and"processing information and reframing it in their own words." （他们发现，使用笔记本电脑的学生倾向于逐字逐句地记下教授所说的话，而手写笔记的人更倾向于倾听所说的内容，并分析其重要性内容和"处理信息并用自己的语言重新构建信息。"）可知，用手写记笔记的学生更倾向处理信息并用自己的话重新组织；第四段中的The most annoying thing about writing by hand is also what makes it so effective for learning.（手写最让人讨厌的地方，也是它对学习如此有效的原因。）可知，手写对学习很有效；第五段中的"In the same vein，writing in longhand also allows people to really figure out what they mean to say，"Oppenheimer says，"which may help self-expression."（奥本海默说："同样，用手写也能让人们真正理解自己的意思，这可能有助于自我表达。"）可知，手写能让人真正明白自己想说什么，有助于自我表达。由此可以推断，作者认为手写是有益的。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。随着科技的发展，无纸化已经成为了一种新趋势，但手写不会完全被打字替代，文章主要介绍了手写带来的好处，认为手写是有益的。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

11~14.【答案】C、D、A、D
【解析】（1）段落大意题。文章第三段第一句In recent years，tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world's seas and oceans.（近年来，被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重大问题）为本段主题句，由此可知，本段主要介绍了世界海洋面临的问题。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第五段中Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities--it can absorb，take in liquids and other substances.（安娜•罗特博士发现，这种粘液具有很强的吸收能力，它可以吸收液体和其他物质）可知，水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。划线词properties后面破折号部分its abilities to absorbliquids and other substances and hold them 是对the mucus's absorptive properties的解释，表示"它吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力"，由此可推知，properties意为"特性"。A.Qualities.能力，特性；B.Substances.物质；C.Choices.选择；D.Materials.材料。划线词与quality词义接近。故选A。
（4）目的意图题。阅读全文，文章第一段Of all the weird and wonderful creatures living under the sea，perhaps the strangest are jellyfish（在所有生活在海底的奇怪而奇妙的生物中，也许最奇怪的是水母）通过水母引出话题，根据第二段Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer--a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.（现在，科学研究发现，这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方案），倒数第二段中Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb，take in liquids and other substances.One of the substances jellyfish mucus absorbs are the particles that make up microplastics.（安娜•罗特博士发现，这种粘液具有很强的吸收能力，可以吸收液体和其他物质。水母粘液吸收的物质之一是构成微塑料的颗粒）以及最后一段中Dr Rotter's research is still in the early stages，but it's hoped that jellyfish mucus could hold the key to a future free of microplastic polluted oceans.（Rotter博士的研究仍处于早期阶段，但人们希望水母粘液能够成为未来摆脱微塑料污染海洋的关键）等可知，文章主要介绍了Ana Rotter博士利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相关研究。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研究。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多，科学家们正试图通过水母的黏液研究解决海洋中微塑料的方法。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

15~19.【答案】E、F、B、C、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Happiness is considered very important in life.It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life — your sleep，relationships，health，study and work（幸福在生活中被认为是非常重要的。它是如此强大，以至于它会影响你生活中的许多事情——你的睡眠、人际关系、健康、学习和工作），以及后文介绍获得幸福的方法，可知表示"幸福不是现成的，而是来自你自己的行动"的选项E可以起到承上启下的作用，故选E。
（2）推理判断题。根据后句It's necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them，which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety（有必要设定目标，期待并遵循可行的计划来实现这些目标，这可以增强你的自信心，减少压力和焦虑），可知表示"目标设定很重要，因为它构成了你所设想的生活的轮廓"的选项F符合前后的语境，set goals是关键词，故选F。
（3）主题判断题。根据后句When you are feeling negative about yourself，ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself（当你对自己感到消极时，问问自己，你会给一个看不起自己的朋友什么建议），可知表示"有时候，你需要像对待朋友一样对待自己"的选项B符合本段的主题，a friend是关键词，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句Sunlight makes a difference.Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light（阳光会带来不同。花时间在户外或生活在有自然光的空间），可知表示"研究还表明，花时间呆在大自然中对你有好处"的选项C符合前后的语境，outside or live in a space with natural light和spending time in nature是关键词，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句Happiness is infectious，so stay with people who are happy，supportive and give you positive feedback（幸福是有感染力的，所以要和那些快乐、支持并给予你积极反馈的人呆在一起），可知表示"被快乐的人包围的人更有可能变得快乐"的选项G符合前后的语境，stay with people who are happy，supportive and give you positive feedback和surrounded by happy people是关键词，故选G。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了通过自身努力获得幸福的方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

20~29.【答案】C、D、B、C、A、D、A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.calm镇静的，沉着的；B.silent安静的，沉默的；C.weak虚弱的；D.curious好奇的。句意：我走在森林里，看到一只小松鼠从巢里掉了出来，虚弱地躺在地上。根据上文"who fell out of its nest"及下文I decided to take it to my home for the night（我决定把它带到我家过夜）可知，从巢里掉了出来，说明小松鼠现在很虚弱。故答案为C项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.wave波动，招手；B.see看见；C.approach接近，走近；D.move移动，行动。句意：在等了两个多小时后，我发现它动不了，所以我决定把它带回家过夜。根据下文Three days later，Cathy could move in the room.可知，小松鼠动不了了，所以需要将小松鼠带回家。故答案为D项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.ride短途旅程，旅行；B.bath沐浴，洗澡；C.choice选择；D.trick技巧，花招，诡计。句意：我发现她身上有一些杂草，所以我给她洗了个澡，把她洗干净了。根据后面"got her all cleaned up"可知，将它全身清理干净，说明是给小松鼠洗了个澡。故答案为B项。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ruder更粗鲁的；B.nobler更高贵的，更华丽的；C.closer更亲近的；D.noisier更吵的。句意：让我们高兴的是，她变得与我和我的家人更亲近了。根据下文Everyone who came to my home loved her可知每个来我家的人都喜欢她，此处指与我的家人"更亲近"了。故答案为C项。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.care照料，护理；B.control控制；C.guidance引导；D.praise表扬。句意：在我的照顾下，松鼠宝宝的身体越来越好。根据前面"Every day，I fed her a combination of healthy foods，including fruits，vegetables，and nuts."可知，每天给小松鼠喂各种吃的，说明是在我的照顾下，小松鼠变得越来越好了。故答案为A项。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.put up举起，提高；B.got away逃离；C.broke up分手，打碎；D.got along相处根据上句Everyone who came to my home loved her可知每个来我家的人都很喜欢她，她甚至和我的两条狗也相处得很好。get along with为固定搭配，表示"与……和睦相处"。故答案为D项。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.completely完全地；B.differently不同地；C.anxiously焦急地；D.disappointedly失望地。句意：一周后，凯茜完全康复了。根据后面的"I realized it was the right time for her to leave."可知，是时候让小松鼠离开了，说明已经完全好了。故答案为A项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.risked冒险；B.threw抛，丢弃；C.hid隐藏；D.released释放，松开。句意：我几次把她放回野外，但她总是回来！根据前面"I realized it was the right time for her to leave."可知，此处是要将小松鼠放回野外。故答案为D项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.happy开心的，幸福的；B.confident自信的；C.grateful感激的；D.proud骄傲的，自豪的。句意：也许她很感激我救了她，并以她自己的方式表达出来。根据后面的"I saved her，and expressed it in her own way"可知，我救了它，说明它是在用自己的方式感激我。故答案为C项。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.security安全；B.joy喜悦，快乐；C.courage勇气；D.freedom自由。句意：凯茜给我的生活带来了很多快乐，看来她也这么觉得！根据上文To our delight，she got（4）to me and my family（让我们高兴的是，她变得与我和我的家人更亲近了。）以及Everyone who came to my home loved her，and she even（6）with my two dogs.（每个来我家的人都很喜欢她，她甚至和我的两条狗也相处得很好。）可知，此处指小松鼠给我们带来了很多快乐。故答案为B项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在森林散步的时候救助了一只小松鼠的故事。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。

30.【答案】【小题1】which/that
【小题2】took
【小题3】What
【小题4】researchers
【解析】A
（1）考查定语从句关系词。句意：它是由一个旨在保护自然公园的组织组织的。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为an organization，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用which或that引导。故填which/that。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：我们的领队乔带我们去了城外的一个公园。分析句子结构可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，结合上文时间状语last weekend可知，本文是在描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填took。
（3）考查主语从句连接词。句意：使我们高兴的是公园看起来比以前干净多了。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示"......的事情"，故应用连接代词what引导，句首单词首字母应大写。故填What。
B
（1）考查可数名词复数。句意：中国研究人员已经在海底部署了一个原位科学实验站，这将使长期无人在深海进行科学研究成为可能。researcher"研究人员"是可数名词，根据后文谓语动词have deployed可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填researchers。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：原位科学实验站是近年来中国提出的一种新型深海系统。分析可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式作后置定语，suggest与其逻辑主语a new deep-sea system之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填suggested。
（3）考查形容词。句意：通常，传统的海洋调查从海底采集样本，然后在陆地实验室进行测试。分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词traditional"传统的"作定语，修饰后面的名词短语marine surveys。故填traditional。
（4）考查动词语态。句意：在深海进行原位测试，可以避免由于环境变化造成样品数据的损坏或丢失。分析句子结构可知，所填词为句子的谓语动词，主语damage or loss of sample data与动词avoid之间为被动关系，故此处应用被动语态，结合前文情态动词can可知，be动词应用原形。故填be avoided。
C
（1）考查副词。句意：它总是与人的积极精神密切相关。分析可知，此处应用副词closely"紧密地、密切地"作状语，修饰后面的形容词related。故填closely。
（2）考查物主代词。句意：例如，它的深根象征决心，而直而中空的茎代表正直和谦虚。分析可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its"它的"，修饰限定后面的名词短语deep root。故填its。
（3）考查现在分词。句意：竹子文化一直在鼓励中国人面对困难时坚持不懈地发挥着积极的作用。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词plays，此处只能填非谓语动词形式作状语，face与其逻辑主语Chinese people之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语。故填facing。
A是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者上周参与清扫活动的事情。
B是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了原位科学实验站的相关情况。
C是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了竹子在中国文化里的象征意义。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

31.【答案】【小题1】It has played an important role in ensuring China's economic prosperity and stability，and is in use
today as a major means of transportation.
【小题2】Cultural relics and sites on both banks.
【小题3】With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks，the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and         development.The Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的It has played an important role in ensuring China's economic prosperity and stability，and is in use today as a major means of transportation.（它在确保中国经济繁荣和稳定方面发挥了重要作用，如今已成为主要的交通工具。）可知，大运河在确保中国经济繁荣和稳定方面发挥了重要作用，如今已成为主要的交通工具。故答案为：It has played an important role in ensuring China's economic prosperity and stability，and is in use today as a major means of transportation.
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的Along it，cultural relics and sites on both banks are important symbols of culture and are considered a top priority for protection by the local government.（两岸的文物和遗址是文化的重要象征，被当地政府视为保护的首要任务。）可知，北京政府认为大运河沿线保护的首要任务是两岸的文物和遗址。故答案为：Cultural relics and sites on both banks.
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段中的The Grand Canal，with its cultural resources put under protection and ecological conservation along its banks significantly improved，will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.（大运河文化资源得到保护，沿岸生态环境得到明显改善，将促进文化和旅游业的发展。）可知，大运河拥有受保护的文化资源和改善的沿岸生态保护，将促进文化和旅游业的发展。因此错误部分是"industrial"，因为根据原文所述，应该是促进文化和旅游业的发展。故答案为：With its protected cultural resources and improved ecological conservation along its banks，the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and industrial development.Because according to the passage，the Grand Canal will embrace improved cultural and tourism development.
（4）开放性问题。例如：我们可以组织一些活动，介绍这些联合国教科文组织世界遗产的价值，并呼吁人们提高保护意识。我们在参观这些地方时不应破坏这些地方，并建议其他人也这样做。故答案为：We can organize some activities to introduce the value of these UNESCO World Heritage Sites and call on people to build awareness to protect them.We should not spoil these places when we visit them，and advise other people to do the same.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍大运河以及北京市政府关于大运河的两项发展计划。
阅读表达，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，根据短文后的题目，在文中找到相关的内容，并用简洁、准确的句子，将理解的内容，书面表达出来。做题时，注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。

32.【答案】Dear Sir or Madam，
I have learned that English volunteer guides are wanted for the summer vacation.I am writing to apply
for the position.（说明写信原因）
I am a Senior Three student of Hongxing Middle School.I will be available this summer vacation after
graduation，and I believe I am qualified for the position.I can speak English fluently.I was a volunteer at a language summer camp last year，so I have confidence in my communication skills in English.What's more，I have a passion for Chinese history，so I believe my knowledge will be of great help when introducing the culture to foreign guests.【高分句型一】（介绍你的相关经验和优势）
I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.【高分句型二】Thank you for your consideration.（希望能被录用）
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua.
【解析】高分句型一：What's more，I have a passion for Chinese history，so I believe my knowledge will be of great help when introducing the culture to foreign guests.
翻译：此外，我对中国历史很感兴趣，所以我相信在向外国客人介绍中国文化时，我的知识会有很大帮助。
分析：本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.
翻译：如果你能给我这个机会，我将非常感激。
分析：本句使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
书信类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。