2023宁波高三下学期4月二模试题英语含解析（含听力）

宁波市2022学年第二学期高考与选考模拟考试

英语试卷

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第一部分    听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What will the woman do?

A. Wipe the table. B. Wash the dishes. C. Clean the floor.

2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

How often are the meetings held?

A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month.

3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What does the man mean?

A. He is going blind. B. He likes darkness. C. He can't bear the strong light.

4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. On a mountain. B. In a gym. C. At the speakers' home.

5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What did the man think of the garden?

A. It was beautiful. B. It was crowded. C. It was inspiring.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. How will the woman give the lucky money to William?

A. By WeChat Pay. B. By bank transfer. C. In cash.

7. What will William probably do during the holiday?

A. Attend classes.

B. Join his family for dinner.

C. Travel to his grandparents' house.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Why docs the woman think young people prefer public transportation?

A. Decrease in income.

B. Difficulty of parking.

C. Convenience of public transportation.

9. Why does the woman like cars?

A. They run fast. B. They are cheap. C. They can go anywhere.

10. When did the man get rid of his vehicle?

A. A year ago. B. Half a year ago. C. One month ago.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. Why does Lisa want the new job?

A. It pays more money.

B. It offers her career promotion.

C. It will be easy as she's done it before.

12. How did Lisa find out about the job?

A. From a co-worker.

B. From an advertisement.

C. From someone working there.

13. How many children does Lisa have?

A. Two. B. Three. C. Four

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. What is the conversation mainly about?

A. Suggestions about adopting a pct.

B. Ways of learning to look after a dog.

C. Job applications to an animal shelter.

15. What does the woman like best about working at a shelter?

A. Cleaning the cages.

B. Getting along with pets.

C. Interacting with other volunteers.

16. What does the woman regret about her volunteering work?

A. The lack of pay.

B. The long working hours.

C. The inability to adopt all the pets.

17. What will the man probably do next?

A. Buy a dog.

B. Talk to his roommate.

C. Contact a shelter near him.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18. What made sweet foods special in ancient civilizations?

A. They were hard to make.

B. They were the safest foods.

C. They were only for important persons.

19. When was the cupcake invented?

A. In the 1800s. B. In the 1300s. C. In the 1200s.

20. Why did it take so long for more recipes to be published?

A The materials were too expensive.

B. People perfected desserts early on.

C. More demand for sugar was needed.

第二部分    阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Between school and downtime, most children do one or more extracurricular activities. These classes, sports teams, and other programs allow children and teens to pursue a special interest outside of the typical educational curriculum.

Scouting

Scouting groups arc a great choice for children who enjoy nature and are willing to try a variety of activities. Scouts learn basic outdoor survival skills, but they are also expected to cam badges in other skills like cooking, cleaning, arts, finances, goal setting, and personal care.

Student Government

Student government normally is available from upper elementary grades through college. Children who are elected to student government are given the power to organize and make decisions about important events for the student body and occasionally weigh in on school policy decisions.

STEM Programs

Programs based on STEM arc a natural fit for children who like to fix or play on computers or tablets. Our school offers science, computer, or engineering clubs, and more and more programs cater to children's STEM interests. If your child has shown interest in LEGO-based robotics, coding, they should consider exploring these programs.

Community Service

Service organizations are great for teaching children about social and humanitarian issues. Older children and teens often gain leadership skills and make important personal connections. Churches, temples, and junior versions of groups offer community service opportunities for children.

21. Which of the following suits children who are interested in wilderness survival?

A. Scouting. B. Community Service.

C. STEM Programs. D. Student Government.

22. What do Student Govermment and Community Service have in common?

A. They both boost children's exploring spirit.

B. They both develop children's learning skills.

C. They both cultivate children's moral awareness.

D. They both enhance children's management abilities.

23. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A. Culture. B. Education. C. Science. D. Entertainment.

B

When I was in college, an acquaintance who had graduated a few years ago came back to visit for the weekend. As we walked around campus on Saturday night, he flung his hands into the cold air and exclaimed, “You guys are so lucky; you live a minute away from all your friends. You’ll never have this again.”

At that time, I thought it was kind of sad — a grown man longing for my life of university housing and late library nights. But his words have stuck with me in the years since. “In adulthood, as people grow up and go away, friendships are the relationships most likely to suffer,” my colleague Julie Beck wrote in 2015. Therefore, the older you get, the more effort it takes to maintain connections, because you don’t have as many built-in opportunities to see your friends every day.

The writer Jennifer Senior noted last year that the fact of our choosing friendships makes them both fragile and special. “You have to continually involve. That you choose it is what gives it its value,” she wrote. But that’s also what makes friendships harder to hold on to as our lives evolve.

It’s hard but not impossible. Senior notes that when it comes to friendship “we are ritual-deficient. So we have to create them: weekly phone calls, friendship anniversaries, road trips, and so on.”

“Friendship is the rare kind of relationship that remains forever available to us as we age,” Senior writes. “It’s a defender against stasis (停滞期), a potential source of creativity and revival in lives that otherwise narrow with time.” It’s something worth choosing, over and over again.

24. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s friend probably felt _______.

A. envious B. irritated C. sympathetic D. uneasy

25. Julie Beck might agree that ________.

A. it’s ridiculous for adults to long for campus life

B. distance brings challenge to keeping friendships

C people do not create enough chances to meet with friends

D. when friends are apart, their friendships surely weaken as well

26. The following ways can help people hold on to friendships except _______.

A. celebrating important days B. going on journeys together

C. enlarging circles of friends D. keeping in touch with friends

27. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A. The future of friendship. B. The origin of friendship.

C. The nature of friendship. D. The definition of friendship.

C

Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas. Tits ( ill雀) can be fashion followers, too, apparently. A latest study shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour.

Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin were following up on a study published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams, an American naturalist. He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn (纱) out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests. But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season. This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.

Williams's work was, however, forgotten until they came across it while following up on a different study, published by a team at the University of Toulouse, suggesting fashion-following, too. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment, but this time to collect some actual numbers.

The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue tits in a wood near the institute. Most birds in this wood carried tracking devices fitted to them after their capture in mist nets. That allowed the institute's researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by recording their arrival at food containers throughout the wood. Instead of food, these containers were loaded with wool of different colors. Interestingly, researchers soon found that most nests of blue tits included only the color of the wool first chosen by a nestbuildcr.

Tits, then, do seem to be “on trend”, when it comes to nest-building materials. Why that should happen remains obscure. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are at random-a bit like those of the leaders of human fashions.

28. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin contributed to William's work.

B. Early birds' color preference was copied by their fellows.

C. The yam was the most popular material to decorate local birds' nests.

D. The color of the yam favored by local birds was fixed throughout the year.

29. How did Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin improve William's experiment?

A. They observed the blue tits.

B. They studied the habits of blue tits.

C. They adopted the data-collecting method.

D. They fitted tracking devices to food containers.

30. What does the underlined word “obscure” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. Hidden. B. Evident. C. Complicated. D. Shallow.

31. What is the main idea of the text?

A. Birds favor certain colors in decoration.

B. Young birds follow their elders in fashion.

C. Young birds are just as intelligent as people.

D. Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people.

D

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a fashion word in recent years, and its impact on society is growing rapidly. AI refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that would typically require human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. This technology is transforming every industry, from healthcare to finance, and is expected to revolutionize the future.

One area where AI is making significant strides is healthcare. AI-powered tools can analyze vast amounts of medical data and help doctors make more informed diagnoses and treatment decisions. This technology is particularly useful in fields such as radiology, where AI algorithms can analyze medical images to detect abnormalities that may be missed by human eyes.

In finance, AI is being used to analyze vast amounts of data to identify patterns and predict market trends. This technology can help traders make more informed decisions and reduce the risks of financial losses. Similarly, AI -powered chatbots are being used in customer service, helping to improve response times and provide personalized support.

As the use of AI grows, concerns about job displacement have also arisen. Some fear that AI-powered machines and robots will replace human workers, leading to mass unemployment. While this is a possibility, it is also important to note that AI will create new jobs in fields such as data analysis, software development, and robotics.

Another major concern about Al is the potential for bias and discrimination. AI algorithms are only as good as the data they are trained on, and if that data contains biases, the algorithms will also be biased. This issue is particularly concerning in fields such as criminal justice, where AI-powered systems are being used to make decisions about sentencing. If these algorithms are biased, they could make existing inequalities continue in the criminal justice system.

Despite these concerns, the benefits of AI are numerous and undeniable. However, to ensure that these benefits are accessible to all and to address concerns about bias and discrimination, it is crucial to continue researching and developing moral AI.

32. Al outweighs humans in healthcare in that it          .

A. stops financial risks. B. ensures precise judgement.

C. recognizes market tendency. D. offers personalized services.

33. What is one of the major concerns of AI?

A. New jobs will be unavailable. B. Algorithms will be out of date.

C. Unfairness may arise in criminal justice system. D. A large number of human workers will be laid off.

34. How does the writer mainly develop this text?

A. By stating facts and citing quotes.

B. By showing different ideas and giving reasons.

C. By presenting influences and listing examples.

D. By comparing research results and offering suggestions.

35. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Artificial Intelligence: Becoming a Fashion Word

B. Artificial Intelligence: Revolutionizing the Future

C. Artificial Intelligence: Bettering Decision Making

D. Artificial Intelligence: Improving Human Abilities

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Apps play tricks on you to turn an activity into a habit. It’s not necessarily a bad thing to encourage healthy behaviors such as exercising or playing word games.____36____. Here’s how to recognize when your tech habit might be an unwelcome obsession (着迷), and practical steps for you to take back control.

Do a cost-benefit analysis.____37____That’s why we need to try doubly hard to do self-assessments of how features such as streaks (打卡时间) or leaderboards are helping and hurting us. Think over whether the behavior they inspire in you contributes to or detracts from your welfare.

Build in “cheat days”. They are like days off from a strict diet.____38____It can also help to schedule days off from our habits—whether it’s running, reading the news or scrolling Instagram.

____39____Especially for young people, it can be helpful to plan in advance activities that might be a distraction. If your teen knows he’s allowed one hour on YouTube at 7 p.m., then he can relax without thinking about when he’ll be able to hop on his favorite app.

____40____Tech companies, schools, social institutions and governments all have a responsibility to help reset standards of technology use. For example, schools have experimented with locking up students’ phones so they can’t use them during the school day. And the government in some countries have restricted the time young people are allowed to spend playing video games or using social media apps.

A. Use digital timers.

B. Schedule a limited amount of time for your habit

C. It’s hard to be mindful of why we do what we do.

D. Limiting tech overuse can’t be only your responsibility.

E. But even a good habit can cross the line into unavoidable overuse.

F. Actually, doing your favorite activity without a goal can be relaxing.

G. However, don’t be so motivated by rewards that you ignore signs your body needs a rest.

第三部分    语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I was never very neat. Yet, when I arrived at college, my roommate didn't seem to appreciate my ____41____. I am not sure why they____42____us together. Kim was extremely organized. She____43____everything and each item she owned had its place. We were always having a hard time with each other. She would be mad at my dirty clothes and I would____44____washing powder headaches. She would push my clothing over to one side and I would lay one of my books on her____45____desk.

However, it all came to an end one late evening and I didn't even know why we had both returned to each other's____46____. When the phone rang, she picked it up and I could tell from her end of the conversation that her father was____47____ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled under her covers and I could hear her quiet____48____. Though I didn't mean for it to happen, 1 could feel the warm feelings of____49____rising up in my heart. It was something no girl should_____50_____alone. What to do? I smiled as I got the idea.

Slowly, 1 began to clear up my side of the room. I took back the_____51_____I had set on her desk. I got so_____52_____in my work that I didn't even notice Kim had come out from under the covers. She was watching my every move, her tears dried and her expression one of_____53_____. When I was finally done, I went and sat at the end of her bed. Her hand was warm as it_____54_____over to grasp mine. I looked up into Kim's eyes and she smiled at me.

Kim and I stayed roommates for the rest of that year. We didn't always see eye to eye, but we learned the_____55_____to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.

41. A. untidiness B. dignity C. privilege D. capability

42. A. persuaded B. stuck C. limited D. recorded

43. A. recognized B. acquired C. simplified D. labeled

44. A. puzzle about B. inquire about C. complain about D. joke about

45. A. newly-furnished B. neatly-arranged C. fully-occupied D. well-designed

46. A. annoyance B. company C. responsibility D. absence

47. A. deadly B. slightly C. moderately D. gradually

48. A. breathing B. murmuring C. warning D. sobbing

49. A. forgiveness B. anxiety C. understanding. D. comfort

50. A. sort out B. come across C. switch off. D. go through

51. A. book B. sock C. clothing D. pencil

52. A. absorbed B. relieved C. overwhelmed D. deserted

53. A. disappointment B. nervousness C. disbelief D. frustration

54. A. knocked B. reached C. swept D. got

55. A. aim B. agreement C. objection D. key

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Since the pre-Qin period, Chengdu____56____(be) an important cultural town in China. But____57____really sets the city apart, culturally, is its opera. An important aspect of Sichuan Opera is____58____magic of “face changing” where vividly coloured masks are changed within the blink of an eye. In opera gardens and tea houses across the town, audiences____59____(want) a glimpse of the local culture love to drink tea while listening to Sichuan Opera and watching face changing.

It is believed that “face changing” has its roots in evolution. Early humans needed survival strategies to avoid fierce animals and foreign____60____(invade). Often, aggressive facial gestures and non-verbal cues were part of it. The Sichuan Opera is said____61____(bring) this range of emotions on stage.

Once the performance starts, the actor keeps pulling down one mask after____62____in swift movements to convey different emotions.____63____(astonish), no matter how close one is____64____the stage, they just can’t tell how the masks change.

In fact, the different kinds of characters and personalities that Sichuan Opera brings alive can_____65_____(find) among common people. This is why its emotions will continue to resonate with people for a long time.

第四部分    写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

66. 假如你是校陶艺社团(the Pottery Club)负贵人李华，社团即将举办第五届陶艺作品展，请你就此在校英文网站上写一则短文进行推介，内容包括：1.时间地点；2.展览内容；3.号召参观。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

The Fifth Pottery Exhibition

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第二节(满分25分)

67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When I adopted him, he had been rescued from death inside a tightly tied black trash bag abandoned right beside a garbage truck on the road. An alert garbage man noticed the bag moving and used a metal rake (耙子) to tear open the bag to look inside. There was my shaking puppy dog. The rake damaged the nerves in his back so he limped a little, but he could run as fast as lightning.

For my dog’s first birthday I entered him in a fun run sponsored by our local Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA). I’m not much of a runner, but the run was only 3 kilometers, so I thought it would be fun for both of us.

We practiced for weeks. On our practice runs, he was always eager to go and usually dragged me along behind him. I worked on his leash (拴狗链) manners so that he wouldn’t trip me on the big day. I felt we were ready for anything.

The fun run was downtown among the big buildings, so the noise of barking dogs all around us rose to a deafening pitch at the start of the race. My dog was frightened when the starting tone went off. He had trouble running in the right direction with all the confusion around us. Soon the runners began to thin out, and my dog was running straight and fast. We were passing people and making great time. I was dreaming of a gold-medal finish.

However, when we were six blocks from the finish, my dog suddenly stopped and dropped to the ground like a sack of potatoes. I almost dislocated my shoulder from the sudden stop as I was pulled backward by the leash.

He was lying flat on his belly with his head down in the middle of the crossroads. At first I thought something bad had happened to him. He was shaking and sobbing. I did a quick check and couldn’t see anything wrong. I tried to get him up, but he refused. The police officer doing traffic control impatiently signed me to move away so he could release the cars.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

But I couldn’t get my seventy-five-pound dog to get up.

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Another half-block of carrying him brought the answer—a moving garbage truck.

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