2023届上海市青浦区高三下学期二模英语试卷（无答案）

这是一份2023届上海市青浦区高三下学期二模英语试卷（无答案），共12页。试卷主要包含了未知，汉译英，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、未知
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
A New Orchid was Fund in Japan
Nature is full f secrets. There are still many things t find ut abut it. One f thse things was discvered last week in Japan. It is rare t find a new plant in Japan. An amateur naturalist came acrss a new species f rchid ___1___ ther flwers in Tky. Scientists als fund the flwer elsewhere in ther districts, an indicatin that the new species ___2___ deserve further investigatin.
The newly-fund rchid is beautiful. It is pink and white, it has a central stem, arund ___3___ grw tiny, bell-shaped flwers, and its delicate petals (花瓣) lk like they are made frm glass. The flwer is a neighbr t a(n) ___4___ (relate) rchid species cmmn in Japan.
Smetimes unknwn species are ften living right under ur nses — in parks, gardens and even in planters n balcnies. That’s ___5___ researchers in Japan recently recgnized this new species f rchid. Prfessr Kenji Suetsugu frm Kbe University said the discvery f new species in usual places means it is necessary t keep explring, even in everyday places that ___6___ (nt lk) s remarkable.
There are abut 28,000 rchid species wrldwide. The new rchid belngs t a class called Spiranthes. There are abut 50 different kinds f Spiranthes. They are ___7___ (familiar) kind f rchid in Japan, fr they appeared in a Japanese pem dating t 759 AD．Prfessr Suetsugu said he and his clleagues were “delighted ___8___ (identify) a new species”. He said it was exciting because it wasn’t fund hidden deep in a rainfrest r jungle. The discvery f the new rchid is gd news. Hwever, many rchids are n the endangered species list due t habitat lss. We need t prtect natural envirnments t stp flwers ___9___ (disappear). The wrld will be far less clurful ___10___ we lse mre rchids.
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Planet PlasticHere’s a shcking statistic. Scientists have calculated the ttal amunt f plastic ever made: 8.3 billin tnnes. Lked at anther way, that’s as heavy as 25,000 Empire State Buildings r ne billin elephants. And ___11___, almst all f it has been made in the last 65 years.
S what’s the prblem? Much plastic is in the frm f packaging which is used just nce and then thrwn away. Accrding t a majr new study frm the University f Califrnia, 9% f this is ___12___, 12% is burned and 79% ges t landfill. And because mst plastic desn’t bidegrade (生物降解), nce it’s in the grund, it stays there.
It’s a situatin that has led the paper’s lead authr, eclgist Dr. Rland Geyer, t say that we are “rapidly ___13___ twards ‘Planet Plastic’”. He believes that there’s already enugh waste ut there t cver the whle f Argentina.
The team behind this reprt als estimate that eight millin tnnes f plastic waste are ___14___ int the sea every year. This has ___15___ cncern that plastic is entering the fd chain thrugh fish and ther sea life which cnsume the smaller pieces.
Of curse, the reasn why there’s s much plastic arund is that it’s an amazingly useful material. We can’t get enugh f it. It’s durable and ___16___, and is used fr everything frm yghurt pts t spaceships. But it’s___17___ this quality that makes it a prblem. The nly way t destry plastic is t heat r burn it — althugh this has the side effect f harmful emissins.
S what’s the ___18___ ther than using less plastic? Oceangrapher (海洋学家) Dr. Erik van Sebille frm Utrecht University says we’re facing a fld f plastic waste, and that the ___19___ waste industry needs t “get its act tgether”.
Prfessr Richard Thmpsn, a marine bilgist frm Plymuth University, says it’s pr design that is at fault. He says that if prducts are currently designed “with recyclability in mind”, they culd be recycled arund 20 times ver.
Dr. Geyer agrees: “The ___20___ f recycling is t keep material in use and in the cycle frever if yu can. But it turns ut in ur study that actually 90% f that material that did get recycled — which I think we calculated was 600 millin tnnes — nly gt recycled nce.”
Take Heart, and Take Risks
Recently, we carried ut an interesting scial experiment. The participants were asked t chse between tw ______: thrw a cin t win ne billin dllars if the cin happens t land n heads, r get a 10-millin-dllar cheque withut even thrwing the cin.
Our purpse was nt t measure the participants’ craze fr mney but t ______ their risk appetite. It ______ that a clear majrity chse t take hme the 10 millin dllars. Only 31% f the subjects were ______ enugh t test the depths f the river. Anther study, cnducted by psychlgy prfessr Keith Simntn at the University f Califrnia Davis, shws that mst famus scientific ______ are risk-takers. Albert Einstein, Charles Darwin and Isaac Newtn all dared t chase ideas that were ______ the mainstream ideas f their times.
The willingness t take risks withut fear f failure is what ______ individuals twards achieving their ambitins. It frms a very imprtant part f the stries f many successful businessmen glbally.
The jurney f Mark Zuckerberg is a classic example f this. In his secnd year in cllege, Zuckerberg decided t quit Harvard University t manage his scial applicatin cmpany. In the years that fllwed, quite a few tech giants expressed early interest in purchasing the cmpany. Their ffers were ______. At the time, the yung CEO and his team were widely criticized and publicly laughed at.
Tday, Zuckerberg is ne f the richest men n earth. His cmpany still wns the mst widely used scial netwrking site in the wrld, ______ tgether ver 2.8 billin users glbally.
The lessn frm Zuckerberg’s stry is his risk-taking ______. He’s exactly the kind f persn wh’s willing t ______ interests fr mre rewarding future gains.
Generally, ______ achievements are ften realized nce a persn decides t get ut f their cmfrt zne. Peple’s ability t ______ frm their cmfrt zne is clsely tied t their risk-taking strength. It is like the case f a persn wh wishes t get a piece f fruit frm the tree but is nt willing t risk climbing up the branches f the tree in rder t d s. “If yu are nt willing t risk the unusual, yu will have t ______ the rdinary,” said the American authr Jim Rhn.
The willingness t take risks is the xygen that drives success in every field. If a risk-taker succeeds, he can lead thers. If he fails, he may ______ thers t success.
21．A．gamesB．facesC．ptinsD．perspectives
22．A．accessB．evaluateC．lseD．satisfy
23．A．ran utB．set utC．gave utD．turned ut
24．A．curageusB．riskyC．cnfidentD．mature
25．A．cntestantsB．cperatrsC．figuresD．partners
26．A．subject tB．cntrary tC．agreeable tD．relevant t
27．A．prvidesB．puzzlesC．leansD．drives
28．A．scaledB．declinedC．cnsideredD．weighed
29．A．visualizingB．pursuingC．cnnectingD．annuncing
30．A．tendencyB．investmentC．currencyD．prpsal
31．A．depsitB．captureC．separateD．sacrifice
32．A．eye-catchingB．grundbreakingC．risk-takingD．trustwrthy
33．A．departB．benefitC．emergeD．suffer
34．A．send frB．apply frC．accunt frD．settle fr
35．A．warnB．frceC．guideD．retire
Life is like a rller caster; every pint has ups and dwns. The truly victrius peple stay cmmitted t their brad gals even in unplanned circumstances. One true example f such peple cmes frm a wman passinate abut spreading happiness and helping thers. Nicle Thrnes is a mther, a frmer plice fficer, and nw serving sciety as a death dula.
Believing small effrts culd cmfrt individuals and unite sciety, Nicle thught a plice fficer had the pprtunity t prevent crime, bring justice and create a better sciety fr everyne. She was determined t becme a plice fficer t prtect life and bring prsperity. All her passin and mtivatin drve her t pursue a Criminal Justice degree t becme a plice fficer.
Althugh she became a mther during her studies, she didn’t give up n her passin. Nicle culd have called ff her studies, but her passin fr serving sciety didn’t let her step dwn. She tk a break frm her studies when her kids needed mre attentin but later came back t cntinue her study and cmpleted her degree. Nicle finally became a plice fficer and everything went accrding t her plans.
But uncertainty put her in a challenging situatin. Nicle suffered frm an injury. The sudden medical retirement called ff her jurney as a plice fficer, but her dreams and passin did nt let her stp. S, she became a death dula, allwing her t be there fr peple whenever needed and prvide cmfrt t the dying and their families during difficult times. She chse this field after her grandfather’s death. She culdn’t bear the pain f lsing him; therefre, she decided t becme a death dula and cntribute her services t help thse suffering frm the pain f lsing their lved nes.
Nicle Thrnes has written her bk, Daddy’s Hme, cvering true events f lsing smene and inspiring readers t cpe with the feelings f emptiness and recver frm mental illness after lsing smene clse. Daddy’s Hme inspires readers and tells them the imprtance f a new beginning, helping peple lighten the burden frm their chest after the grief f lsing smene.
36．What can be learned abut Nicle Thrnes?
A．Nicle Thrnes dreamed f becming a plice fficer since she was brn.
B．Nicle Thrnes pursued a Criminal Justice degree, but she gave up halfway.
C．Nicle Thrnes tk up a writing career immediately after getting physically hurt.
D．Nicle Thrnes wrte a bk, impressing n readers the significance f a new start.
37．What’s the direct cause f Nicle Thrnes’ decisin t becme a death dula?
A．The unbearable pain brught by her grandfather’s death.
B．Her break frm academic studies t take care f her kids.
C．Her sudden medical retirement due t her incurable injury.
D．Her determinatin t finish writing her bk, Daddy’s Hme.
38．Accrding t the stry f Nicle Thrnes, a death dula can be described as ______.
A．a death fighterB．a special trainer
C．a supprt giverD．a creative plice fficer
39．What might be the best title fr this article?
A．Nicle Thrnes and her dream
B．The ups and dwns f Nicle Thrnes
C．Nicle Thrnes: The writer f Daddy’s Hme
D．Nicle Thrnes: The jurney frm a plice fficer t a death dula
D yu want t pen a shp in Lndn? First: yu must be aware that, as f tday, running a lcal independent shp is anything but simple. Secnd: yu must knw which is the mst respnsive area f the city fr what cncerns yur specific business. Or as an alternative, yu must gain full knwledge f which areas have prved t be super high-paying basically fr any kind f business.
As fr Lndn, everybdy knws that it is ne f the wrld capitals f trading and cmmerce. The enrmus number f residents, cmbined with the cntinuus inflw f turists, makes it a highly wanted city fr every kind f cmmercial activity.
Clearly, everyne — whether he/she is a British citizen r a freigner investr — wh wants t start a business in Lndn must detect first the mst prfitable areas. And the fur mst appealing nes are listed belw.
Cvent Garden
Opening a cmmercial space in Cvent Garden, r in the West End in general, is always a winning idea. This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. A band f musicians that never cease t attract bth clients and new investrs.
Carnaby
Fr ver sixty years, Carnaby Street and the ther surrunding secndary rads have represented an authentic asis r paradise fr thse wh want t g shpping in Lndn. First, the Swinging Lndn vibe, then the punk rck revlutin: everything — especially in terms f fashin — has been created r passed thrugh there. And even in the Third Millennium, it remains a landmark fr everything related t fashin and new trends.
Mayfair
Are yu planning t pen a luxury shp? Then Mayfair is undubtedly yur spt. Renting a place here is highly expensive, but it’s a risk wrth taking. If yu play yur cards wisely, prfits will nt be lng in cming. The nly questin is: have yu gt enugh funds t start a business in such an expensive area?
Bnd Street
Anther luxury area with a gathering f many established high-end brands, maybe the mst cmplicated ne. It is recmmended nly t thse investrs wh aim t start a real first-rate business. Many small entrepreneurs r businessmen wrk a lifetime in rder t gain the privilege r the great advantage f upgrading their business in this area.
40．This article is intended fr ______.
A．British citizens wh want t buy luxury gds
B．visitrs lking fr recreatinal activities in Britain
C．investrs interested in starting a business in Lndn
D．freigners participating in cmmercial activities in Lndn
41．Accrding t the article, if yu are planning t d business in Lndn, which factr is wrth cnsidering the mst?
A．Lndn appeals t high-paying investrs frm all ver the wrld.
B．Lndn is the mst prmising center fr trading, cmmerce and fashin.
C．Lndn is where many landmark buildings and every kind f business lies.
D．Lndn basts nging flds f turists and enrmus ptential cnsumers.
42．If yu get enugh funds and fancy pening a luxury shp, which is the last area t chse?
A．Bnd Street.B．Carnaby.
C．Mayfair.D．Cnvent Garden.
Over the next few years, we can expect lgins t get much less annying, as all f the majr tech players are nw n bard with a new technlgy designed t eventually replace the humble passwrd called the “passkey”.
And that culd mean that we d away with passwrds altgether. The way passkeys wrk is by turning yur phne int smething a bit like a wallet, which yu can use t stre membership cards t all f yur apps and services. When yu need t lg in t a website, yu’ll just have t tap a buttn n yur phne and yur passkey wallet will flash the right credentials (证件), letting yu in withut any truble. And even if yu’re lgging in t a device that desn’t have access t yur wallet, when yu type in yur email address, the website will send a message t yur phne t check yur credentials.
Once passkeys are cmmnly accepted and widely used, they wn’t just save us frm having t remember passwrds but, perhaps cunterintuitively, lgging in with a passkey will actually be significantly mre secure than typing a passwrd.
This is because it takes advantage f a technlgy called “public key” cryptgraphy (密码术), which is ne f the building blcks f the internet and is hw cmputers have securely cmmunicated with ther cmputers fr decades.
With a passwrd, the website has t ultimately cntain a database f everyne’s passwrds t check against when yu lgin. But with a passkey, when yu create yur accunt n a website, it will effectively create a brand new padlck and key. The website will keep the padlck — and nly yur phne will have the key.
Passkeys are ging t make ur digital lives even mre secure, because they help guard against tw cmmn frms f digital attack.
First, it guards against data leak r leakages — situatins where hackers r peple wh try t break int cmputer systems gain access t a database f passwrds.
This is because, unlike mst peple wh repeat their passwrds, each passkey is unique. This means that even if the pizza delivery place is hacked, it wn’t give away the same passwrd that yu use fr yur emails.
And secndly, passkeys make things much harder fr “phishing” scams — when a website tries t trick yu int thinking that it is really yur bank’s website r similar, it can steal yur lgin details.
These scams will n lnger wrk as well, because passkeys have anther mathematical trick up their sleeve: they’re always changing.
When yu lg in and yur digital wallet has t send ver an unlck cde, the cde it sends will nly be valid r useful fr a few secnds at a time — s even if a hacker des get hld f yur key very briefly, 30 secnds later it will turn useless anyway.
S, next time yu feel frustrated that yu can’t remember yur passwrd, dn’t wrry t much. It wn’t always be like this!
43．What can yu d t lg in t a device that is inaccessible t yur passkey wallet?
A．Tapping a buttn n yur phne.
B．Using a face scan t unlck yur passkey wallet.
C．Searching a database f passwrds t find the passkey.
D．Checking message cncerning the credentials in the email.
44．The underlined wrd “cunterintuitively” in the third paragraph means ______.
A．in line with what the institutin has taught
B．cntrary t what cmmn sense wuld suggest
C．in accrdance t what the instinct tells peple
D．ppsite t what is cnsidered nrmal behavir
45．Accrding t the article, why are passkeys safer?
A．Because each passkey is the nly ne f its kind that guards against data leakages.
B．Because passkey wallet will flash the right credentials withut bthering t check memberships cards.
C．Because passkeys can cmpletely get rid f the pssibility f lgin details’ being stlen by hackers.
D．Because “public key” cryptgraphy cntains an enrmus database f passwrds f every website user.
46．The article is mainly abut ______.
A．the inadaptability f passwrds nwadays
B．the distinct features f passkeys nwadays
C．the difference between passkeys and passwrds
D．the passkeys’ ptential t replace passwrds in the future
Is Listening t a Bk Better than Reading It?
Picture yurself sitting at hme in a quiet reading space, ignring the wrld arund yu, absrbed in a tale. Yu read the intrductin, instantly became interested and nw yu’re in the middle f an abslute page-turner. But, there’s a ht debate — physical bks vs. e-bks vs. audibks. Des the device yu’re using t read affect yur reactin t the bk?
_____47_____ There’s attentin span, reasning, reading fluency, memry and language cmprehensin. Reading is knwn t strengthen cmmunicative ability, vcabulary and increase emtinal intelligence and scial awareness. S, whichever way yu’re reading, there are definitely benefits.
But, let’s lk at the prs t reading with yur eyes — that’s physical bks and e-bks. _____48_____ This is because when yu can actually see the wrds, yur attentin is held mre clsely. Add t this the fact that with physical bks yu can g back and find any part yu missed, especially if yur mind wanders, which will likely happen at sme pint r ther.
On the ther hand, there’s the audibk. Headphnes in, yu’re switched ff frm life and the stry really cmes alive, almst like watching a film — in yur head. Frm a scientific perspective, listening t an audibk is likely t help yu develp a fellw feeling as yu hear the emtin f the narratr. _____49_____ Hearing the stry engages different parts f the brain, increasing the intensity and imagery, making yu enjy it mre. Yet, ging back t attentin perid, with an audibk it’s true that it’s much harder t g back and listen again.
_____50_____ Perhaps, next time yu find yurself brwsing bkshp shelves, als cnsider the frmat. It may just change yur whle literary experience.
A．They help us becme cntinuus readers.
B．They can help t remember infrmatin better.
C．Generally, reading uses several areas f the brain.
D．We can mre easily understand the changes in tnes.
E．All in all, it seems that there are advantages t bth physical bks and audibks.
F．Accrding t a research frm Oxfrd University, audi bks affect ur reading reactin mst.
51．Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Is Binge-watching the New Addictin?
Have yu ever lved a TV shw? I mean really lved it? Like, yu can’t wait t get t wrk t talk abut it? What abut the cliffhanger? That’s the unslved situatin at the end f the episde which makes yu want t watch the next ne. But, when will the next ne be?
Binge-watching is when a persn watches mre than ne episde f a shw quickly. With develpments in the speed and cnnectivity f the internet, increases in technlgy and the rise f n-demand entertainment cmpanies, peple can nw have their favurite shws streamed directly t their televisin at their cnvenience.
Hwever, this amazing gift may in fact be harmful. Recent research frm British media watchdg Ofcm (英国通信管理局) finds that ut f the mre than half f British adults wh watch mre than ne episde f a shw back-t-back, almst a third have admitted missing sleep r becming tired as a result; and ne quarter have neglected their husewrk. Next we’ll be missing wrk!
Bingeing has ther cnnectins — binge eating, binge drinking and binge smking, all f which are ften assciated with cmpulsive behaviur, a lack f cntrl and a pssible rute t addictin. If peple find binge-watching hard t resist, cupled with the fact that it has shwn t lead t failure f attentin in many, are we witnessing the birth f a new type f addictin?
The numerus infrmatin and entertainment that televisin and nline media can bring us is, many wuld say, a gd thing. Hwever, like any behaviur dne t extremes, it can becme dangerus. And when the activity begins t enter ther areas, causing us t stp functining — then it becmes a prblem. S, what’s the answer? Mderatin! Neither a tiny amunt, nr t much. After all, as the ld prverb says, a little f what yu fancy des yu gd.
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二、汉译英（整句）
52．生活在中国不同地区的人们的饮食多种多样。(variety) (汉译英)
53．周末经常加班，他已经很久没去看望父母了。(since) (汉译英)
54．天朗气清，微风不燥，何不邀请三两好友一起郊外露营呢? (invite) (汉译英)
55．纵观历史，大运河对中国的经济发展发挥了重要作用，它是人类智慧的结晶。(which) (汉译英)
三、其他应用文
56．Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青。你的学校即将举办“回眸五十年”纪念活动，你在学生会参与相关的准备工作，并负责向来宾介绍学校的变化，等等。请就此给你的英国好友Alan写封邮件交流你的想法。你的邮件必须包括：
1.介绍纪念活动的主要内容;
2.描述你所见闻的学校变化;
3.简述你对学校发展的期许。
(注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。)
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A．heading B．incredibly C．adaptable D．alternative E. pursuit F. dumped
G. recycled H. glbal I. calculated J. precisely K. generated