2023届天津市河北区高三质量检测（一）英语试卷

这是一份2023届天津市河北区高三质量检测（一）英语试卷，共27页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，阅读表达，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届天津市河北区高三质量检测（一）英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、单项选择
1．— Caroline, you are asked to give a presentation on our new electronic product at tomorrow’s conference.
—________. I am not good at public speeches, you know.
A．Don’t put me on the spot B．Don’t drag your feet
C．Don’t be such a wet blanket D．Don’t beat around the bush
2．Over the past five years, large amounts of rubbish, such as plastic bags, ________ by the volunteer team.
A．have been collected B．was collected
C．has been collected D．were collected
3．Today, Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination ________ sites with UNESCO-protected heritage status.
A．to boast B．being boasted C．boasted D．boasting
4．Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he ________ for patients in his medical practice in London.
A．waited B．had waited C．was waiting D．has been waiting
5．Darkness would make us more ________ of sight; silence would teach us the joy of sound.
A．aware B．appreciative C．delightful D．worthwhile
6．（2017·江苏）Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.
A．in contrast to B．in defense of
C．in face of D．in relation to
7．I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher, but no one has ________ it ever since.
A．spotted B．applied C．claimed D．discovered
8．It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.
A．need B．should C．could D．must
9．In many ways, the magic of AI is ________ it’s not something you can see or touch.
A．whether B．what
C．that D．why
10．Sometimes he wants to give up, but he becomes ________ when he thinks about helping the poor children in the West.
A．inspiring B．to be inspired C．inspired D．having inspired
11．The school ________ with reading lessons that taught students to guess the meaning of new words.
A．did the trick B．paved the way
C．braved the elements D．broke new ground
12．—Hey! It’s said that some pop singers will come to our city to give a grand concert.
—________? Pop music is not my cup of tea.
A．How come B．So what C．Why not D．What for
13．Generally speaking, the generation gap is actually a technology gap, ________ children update themselves on the latest technology while parents drop behind.
A．where B．when C．which D．that
14．  The entire hall burst into a great cheer and applause _______ the Nobel Prize winner appeared on the stage accompanied by the chairman.
A．until B．while C．by the time D．the moment
15．If you _____ regret things you did or didn’t do in the past, then you won’t be able to move forward.
A．actually B．briefly C．casually D．constantly

二、完形填空
It was the middle of the night when firefighters Paul Hullings and Tim Young stopped at the Route 130 restaurant that waitress Liz Woodward worked at. They had just finished ____16____ a massive basement fire. It had taken most of the night to extinguish it, and they were ____17____.
Woodward noticed the tired firefighters and started a conversation with them. When she learned that they had spent hours courageously fighting the fire, she was ____18____. So when the men were ready to leave, she left the bill on the table – already ____19____.
Woodward also left a(n) ____20____ on the bill to thank the firefighters for their service: “Your breakfast is on me today – Thank you for all that you do: for serving others and for running into the places everyone else____21____. No matter what your role is, you are courageous and strong ...”
The firefighters were ____22____ to tears: “What a(n) ____23____ and kind act! I definitely encourage my friends to patronize (经常光顾) this restaurant to ____24____ the business, and if Woodward happens to be your waitress, tip _____25_____.”
Woodward’s gift and _____26_____ words let the firefighters know that they were _____27_____ and that local people cared about them. A(n) _____28_____ thank you can make a job worth doing.
Little did they know, Woodward was fighting her own _____29_____. She was also courageous and strong - for her dad, a quadriplegic (四肢瘫痪者) who was in _____30_____ need of a wheelchair – accessible van. Woodward was trying to raise money for him.
What goes around comes around, as they say, and Woodward was destined to be _____31_____ for her random act of kindness. When they learned of Woodward’s difficulty, they talked to local news media and hoped to help Woodward with her fundraising _____32_____.
And it _____33_____. Since the story got out, she has raised over $86,000. The firefighters’ act of _____34_____ inspired the waitress’ act of kindness, which _____35_____ inspired the firefighters – and nearly 2,000 other people – to do something for her.
16．A．playing with B．cutting off C．putting out D．finding out
17．A．annoyed B．exhausted C．experienced D．energetic
18．A．calm B．upset C．scared D．impressed
19．A．paid B．shared C．replaced D．exchanged
20．A．mark B．comment C．application D．message
21．A．chases after B．runs away from C．heads towards D．catches up with
22．A．moved B．influenced C．feared D．remained
23．A．smart B．greedy C．selfless D．mean
24．A．survive B．offer C．support D．replace
25．A．immediately B．continuously C．legally D．generously
26．A．extreme B．heart-warming C．humorous D．boring
27．A．appreciated B．misjudged C．ignored D．protected
28．A．formal B．previous C．local D．simple
29．A．battle B．appointment C．adventure D．mistake
30．A．mad B．urgent C．low D．personal
31．A．turned back B．turned off C．paid back D．paid off
32．A．approaches B．advertisements C．efforts D．opportunities
33．A．mattered B．worked C．ended D．failed
34．A．bravery B．loyalty C．difficulty D．honesty
35．A．in charge B．in vain C．in particular D．in turn


三、阅读理解
If students will arrive at UT Dallas (the University of Texas at Dallas) after the first day of classes, the ISSO (International Students and Scholars Office) strongly suggests they put off their admission. It’s our experience that late-arriving students have a stressful time settling in and meeting all the pre-registration requirements, such as TB Test (肺结核检查), orientations (入学培训), housing and so on. The inability to meet all these requirements may harm a student’s F-1 or J-1 visa status.
Departmental Late Arrival Letter
UT Dallas academic departments have the freedom and authority to write a late arrival letter on a student’s behalf. Departments may only offer this letter if they are willing to make a statement to CBP (Customs and Border Protection), showing that they will ensure that the late-arriving student will be able to meet all university and immigration requirements despite the late arrival.
Approval or denial of late arrival will be based on the individual worthiness of the request. The letter should be addressed to CBP and sent directly to the student from the academic department.
In general, scanned and printed images will be accepted by CBP. The letter should state:
◎ How late the department is willing to let the student start the semester. This must be a specific date.
◎ That the student will be able to enroll full-time in the academic program and make normal academic progress despite the late arrival.
The letter will not guarantee entry into the US; it simply reduces the possibility that late-arriving students will be turned away at the US Port of Entry.
If Entering Late:
Email the following areas the arrival date as soon as possible:
1. Intercultural Programs (ICPrograms@utdallas.edu) to schedule an International Student Orientation.
2. The Student Health Centre (Healthcen @utdallas. edu) to schedule a TB Test.
3. Academic department to communicate about late registration.
Consequences of late arrival:
◎ Late registration for courses
◎ Limited class availability
◎ Late registration fees
Late-arriving students are required to keep full-time enrollment throughout the semester. The ISSO will not approve reduced course loads due to the late arrival.
36．According to the ISSO of UT Dallas, late-arriving students ________.
A．have difficulty starting their university life
B．are at the risk of being rejected by UT Dallas
C．will unavoidably face damage to their visa status
D．have to put off their admission until the next semester
37．What do you know about the late arrival letter?
A．It ought to be sent straight to CBP.
B．Only the original document is effective.
C．Every late-arriving student will have one.
D．It’s the department’s decision whether to offer one.
38．What information should be included in the late arrival letter?
A．The reason for the late arrival.
B．The exact rescheduled arrival date.
C．The late-arriving student’s health condition.
D．The late-arriving student’s previous academic grades.
39．With a late arrival letter, a late-arriving student ________.
A．may still be forbidden from entering the US
B．can miss some classes without punishment
C．can avoid the TB test and the orientation
D．will be free from late registration fees
40．The passage is mainly written for ________.
A．students who have lost their visas before arrival
B．students who need financial aid
C．new students from overseas
D．all the new students

Brian Hamilton used to occupy himself with a six-figure job, but his life changed in a prison when he was accompanying his friend, Reverend Robert J. Harris, who often went to local prisons to do his work. During the visit, Hamilton started talking to one of the prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he got out. “He said he was going to get a job,” Hamilton says. “I thought to myself, wow, that’s going to be difficult.”
The conversation made Hamilton consider how prisoners could benefit from operating their own business, something he thought about for years. Finally in 2008, 16 years after that initial conversation, Hamilton created Inmates to Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses. “Harris and I taught our first course at a prison called ‘How to Start Your Own Business When You Get Out’,” he says.
At the time, Hamilton was building his own company, Sageworks. He was the chairman and co-founder of Sageworks. As Sageworks grew, so did Hamilton’s time spent teaching at prisons throughout North Carolina.
Eventually, Hamilton decided it was time to change his focus to his true passion. In May 2018, he sold his stake (股份) in Sageworks, focusing his commitment on Inmates to Entrepreneurs.
“Now, anyone is able to access the course, either to become a teacher to go into prisons to teach it or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population,” Hamilton explains. In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the course to at-risk students to lead the so-called bad students to the right path.
The free course is funded by the Brian Hamilton Foundation, which offers help to soldiers as they adjust to civilian life and provides loans to small businesses. “We’re giving prisoners something they can do independent of a system that isn’t working for them. If you can make people know that other people care about them, it will make a difference.”
41．What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?
A．Hamilton lost his six-figure job.
B．Harris often visited local prisons to interview.
C．Hamilton’s life changed after visiting a prison.
D．Harris was optimistic about prisoners’ job prospects.
42．What does the passage say about Inmates to Entrepreneurs?
A．It is often short of prison teachers. B．It provides loans to at-risk students.
C．It’s independent of the social system. D．Its course has been largely broadened.
43．What can we know about Hamilton?
A．He often went to prisons before 2008.
B．He tried to prevent possible crimes in advance.
C．He wrote a book titled “How to Start Your Own Business”.
D．He gave away his company to those who were released from prison.
44．What does Hamilton value?
A．Offering care to others. B．Giving trust to strangers.
C．Showing respect for teachers. D．Providing education for children.
45．What does the author mainly want to tell us in the passage?
A．A man made a fruitless visit to the prison.
B．A man sold his business to teach prisoners.
C．A man realized his dream of being a teacher.
D．A man successfully created two organisations.

The giant panda is more than just a cute conservation animal and a beloved media darling. It is also, according to new research, the protector of dozens of other unique Chinese species. The panda itself doesn’t actually defend other wildlife, but it helps to save it all the same by serving as what’s known as an “umbrella species”. In other words, efforts to preserve habitats for the giant panda also protect many other mammals, birds and amphibians (两栖动物) that live only alongside pandas, in the same areas and regions.
Conservationists have expressed this umbrella species theory for years but a paper published recently in Biological Conservation proves it. The research found that most of the forest animals in China live within the panda’s geographic range and the nature reserves set aside to protect them. In brief, most of this range overlaps (与……重叠) with important conservation areas for other local forest species.
Pandas do protect a lot although a few species fall outside the umbrella. The research found about one hundred kinds of animals are not protected by the giant panda’s current reservation. The paper identified 10 locations that might be suitable for new or improved nature reserves to help expand that coverage. Many of these areas, located in Sichuan Province, which is considered the stronghold (大本营) of giant pandas in the wild, are close to existing reserves.
Protecting the newly identified locations, however, won’t save all of China’s unique wildlife. “Pandas are a good umbrella species for forest ecosystems in China but that’s not enough,” says co-author Binbin Li. “In China we have many ecosystems. We need more umbrella species.” For example, she says tigers could serve the same role in the northern part of the country and snow leopards could be an umbrella for grassland species.
“The new findings are important,” Pimm (the other author) and Li say, “because many people doubt whether China’s commitment to preserving giant panda habitats is doing much good.” Other people around the world don’t even realize that wild pandas still live in their native forests. “A lot of the resources in China go to releasing captive (被关住的) pandas back into the wild,” Li says. “The news doesn’t cover that.” She says this paper helps display wild pandas and also shows that the expense in preserving them is money well spent.
The researchers hope their paper helps to set the tone for future discussions not only about umbrella species but also giant pandas themselves, along with all China’s wildlife.
46．Giant pandas are called an umbrella species because ________.
A．they never fight for protected species
B．they help take care of other baby animals
C．their precious value requires better protection
D．the protection for them also extends to other species
47．What can we learn from the research?
A．The number of nature reserves may be reduced.
B．The coverage of nature reserves may be expanded.
C．The giant panda lives in important local conservation areas.
D．Many nature reserves in China are located in Sichuan Province.
48．What should people do to protect ecosystems according to Binbin Li?
A．Create more kinds of strong species. B．Find more kinds of umbrella species.
C．Focus solely on pandas’ conservation. D．Search for much bigger nature reservations.
49．Pimm and Li think the new findings are helpful in ________.
A．showing how well pandas are living B．blaming the media for their ignorance
C．proving China’s efforts to protect pandas D．appealing to organizations to donate money
50．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．The umbrella species have a great influence on the ecosystem.
B．Researchers have done a lot to protect China’s local species.
C．Giant panda conservation also protects other unique species.
D．Conservationists expressed a new umbrella species theory.

If I could give today’s young people three wishes, they would be: more hugs, more time outside in nature, more belief in their own power to change the world. The third one leaves some people wondering why young people’s belief in their own power is so essential.
Let’s start with the idea that all of us – especially young people – need heroes. Our modern society is terribly confused about the difference between a celebrity and a hero. A celebrity is all about fame – temporary, superficial fame, usually for qualities that are easy to see: a pretty face, a great dance move, etc. A hero, by contrast, is about character- qualities under the surface that aren’t seen until they take action.
Heroes are all around us. They truly hold our world together, through their unselfish devotion to helping others, teaching children, and protecting the environment. They don’t want fame, or glory; they just want to help. In so many ways, these unsung heroes pilot the boat in which all of us sail.
Yet, young people hear a lot more about celebrities than about heroes in the media. The hidden message they get from all this is that their self-worth comes from what they buy – which shoes, which cell phone – not who they are down inside. What gets lost in this? Young people’s sense of their own potential for heroic qualities – their own power to – make a positive difference in the world. Truth is, there is a potential hero, a future difference maker, in every young person.
How do we help young people believe in their own power? The best way is simply to share examples of other young people who have made a difference.
Barbara grew up on a farm in Texas. When she realized that local farmers were pouring their used motor oil into rivers, causing pollution, she organised the creation of a recycling centre for crude oil (原油). Her project has grown to include 18 recycling centres in Texas.
The list could continue. These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great.
51．What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 2?
A．To give examples of celebrities and heroes around us.
B．To discuss the distinctions between celebrities and heroes.
C．To illustrate the details about being celebrities and heroes.
D．To explain the meanings of the words “celebrity” and “hero”.
52．What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 3?
A．Heroes only help specific groups of people.
B．Heroes want to be recognised for their work.
C．Heroes play a vital role in keeping the world running.
D．Heroes enjoy piloting boats to reach their destination.
53．What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A．Heroes and celebrities are both valued today.
B．Society doesn’t support the development of heroes.
C．The media turns ordinary celebrities into real heroes.
D．Young people don’t have the belief in their own strength.
54．How does the author advance his view that young people believe in their own power?
A．By explaining the qualities that make a young person a hero.
B．By comparing the achievements made by different young people.
C．By giving examples of young people who show the qualities of a hero.
D．By providing examples of qualities that have made young people famous.
55．What does the passage focus on?
A．More heroes are needed in the world.
B．Celebrities are reported too much in the media.
C．Adults should become role models for young people.
D．Young people should believe in their ability to make a difference.


四、阅读表达
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I remember the first day I saw her playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she ran circles around the other kids and threw jump shots over their heads. The boys always tried to stop her, but never could.
I began to notice her at other times, on that same blacktop (柏油路), playing alone — sometimes until dark. One day, I asked her why she practiced so much. Without a moment of hesitation, she said: “The only way I can go to college is if I get a scholarship. I like basketball. If I’m good enough, I can get a scholarship.”
She was determined. I watched her through those junior high years and into high school. But one time in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, her head cradled in her arms. Quietly, I asked what was wrong. “I am just too short,” came a soft reply. The coach told her that, at 5’5” (about 165 cm), she would probably never get to play for a top-ranked team — much less offered a scholarship.
She was heartbroken. I asked her to talk to her dad about it. Her father told her that those coaches were wrong — they just did not understand the power of a dream. Nothing could stop her, except one thing: her own attitude. He told her, “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.”
The next year, when she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was noticed by a college recruiter. She was indeed offered a scholarship to a women’s basketball team. She finally got what she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years. And that little girl ended up having more playing time than any other woman in the history of the university.
During her junior year of college, her father – her hero, died. The following years were hard for her. The grief she felt over the loss of her father was always there. She struggled daily with fear, doubt, and frustration. However, every time she wanted to quit, she remembered her father’s last words: “Rachel, keep dreaming. Don’t let your dream die. If the dream is big enough, you can do anything!”
She completed her degree. It took her six years, but she didn’t give up. She can still be found sometimes as the sun is setting, bouncing a basketball. And often I hear her tell others, “If the dream is big enough, the facts don’t count.”
56．Why did Rachel practise playing basketball so much? (no more than 10 words)
________________
57．How did Rachel feel after hearing her coach’s words? (1 word)
________________
58．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean? (no more than 15 words)
________________
59．What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)
________________
60．How did you deal with any obstacles when trying to achieve a goal? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
________________


五、其他应用文
61．假设你是晨光中学校足球队队长李津。你将代表校队为刚刚结束的“中国-英格兰中学生足球友谊赛”发表感言，并将蹴鞠作为纪念品赠送给英格兰中学生队。请你为此写一篇英语发言稿。
内容包括：
(1)回忆比赛的过程；
(2)赠送蹴鞠的理由；
(3)表达对英格兰中学生队的美好祝愿。

蹴鞠
注意：
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯;
(3)开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
蹴鞠 cuju       纪念品 souvenir
中国-英格兰中学生足球友谊赛 China-England Secondary School Football Friendship Tournament
Dear fellows,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．A
【详解】考查习语。句意：——卡罗琳，你被要求在明天的会议上介绍我们的新电子产品。——别让我为难。你知道，我不擅长公开发言。A. Don’t put me on the spot别让我为难；B. Don’t drag your feet不要拖沓；C. Don’t be such a wet blanket别这么让人扫兴；D. Don’t beat around the bush不要拐弯抹角。卡罗琳不擅长公开演讲，因此让她在明天的会议上介绍新电子产品是为难她，她请求对方不要为难她，故选A项。
2．A
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年里，志愿者团队收集了大量垃圾，如塑料袋。结合时间状语Over the past five years，主语large amounts of rubbish和谓语动词collect是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，large amounts of+不可数名词，谓语复数形式。故选A项。
3．D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，敦煌是一个世界级的旅游目的地，拥有联合国教科文组织保护的遗产地位。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词boast和逻辑主语Dunhuang为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故选D项。
4．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：有趣的是，道尔在伦敦的医疗诊所等待病人时，写了一些早期福尔摩斯的故事。结合主句谓语wrote用一般过去时和while常与进行时连用可知，该空用过去进行时表过去某段时间一直进行的动作。故选C项。
5．B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：黑暗会让我们更加欣赏视觉；沉默会教会我们声音的乐趣。A. aware意识到的；B. appreciative欣赏的；C. delightful使人快乐的；D. worthwhile值得的。由常识可知，黑暗会让我们更加重视光明，换言之，欣赏视觉。故选B项。
6．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：确定相对于我们周围环境的地理位置仍然是我们生存的基本技能。A. in contrast to与……形成对照；B. in defense of为……辩护；C. in face of面对……；D. in relation to涉及，相对于。根据语境，故选D项。
7．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在学校捡了一个钱包递给了班主任，但从那以后就再也没有人认领过。A. spotted注意到；B. applied申请；C. claimed认领、索取；D. discovered发现。结合“I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher”和but可知，应该是无人认领钱包。故选C项。
8．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。
9．C
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：在很多方面，人工智能的神奇之处在于它不是你能看见或触摸到的。“____ it’s not something you can see or touch”是表语从句，该从句意思和结构完整，解释人工智能的神奇之处在何处，故应用that引导该从句。故选C。
【点睛】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断。
10．C
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时他想放弃，但当他想到帮助西方的贫困儿童时，他就受到了鼓舞。说明人的主观感受，该空用修饰人的形容词inspired (受到鼓舞的)作表语。故选C项。
11．D
【详解】考查习语。句意：学校在阅读课上开创了新方法，教学生猜测新单词的意思。A. did the trick获得成功；B. paved the way铺平道路；C. braved the elements不惧酷境；D. broke new ground开辟新领域、开创新方法。结合“taught students to guess the meaning of new words”可知，应该是学校在阅读课上开创了新方法。故选D项。
12．B
【详解】考查交际表达。句意：——嘿！据说一些流行歌手将来我们城市举办一场盛大的音乐会。——那又怎样？流行音乐不是我喜欢的。A. How come怎么会；B. So what那又怎样；C. Why not为什么不呢；D. What for为何。结合“Pop music is not my cup of tea.”可知，说话另一方对此活动不感兴趣，抱有一种无所谓的态度，用 So what。故选B项。
13．A
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：一般来说，代沟实际上是一种技术差距，孩子们在最新技术上更新自己，而父母却落后了。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a technology gap，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A项。
14．D
【详解】考查连词。句意：在主席的陪同下，那位诺贝尔奖的获得者一出现整个大厅爆发出巨大的欢呼声和掌声。A. until直到……才；B. while当……时；C. by the time到……为止；D. the moment一……就……。根据句意可知，此处表示“一……就……”，应用the moment，故选D。
15．D
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你经常后悔你做过的事情或者你在过去没做过的事情，那么你很有可能不能向前看。A. actually事实上；B. briefly简短地；C. casually随意地；D. constantly经常地。根据句意可知是经常后悔，故选D项。

16．C    17．B    18．D    19．A    20．D    21．B    22．A    23．C    24．C    25．D    26．B    27．A    28．D    29．A    30．B    31．C    32．C    33．B    34．A    35．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个名叫伍德沃德因为对消防员的善举，反过来得到大家帮助的故事。
16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们刚刚扑灭了一场巨大的地下室大火。A. playing with玩；B. cutting off切断；C. putting out熄灭；D. finding out查明。根据下文的“extinguish it”可知，是把火扑灭，故选C。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扑灭它花了大半个晚上的时间，他们都筋疲力尽了。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. exhausted筋疲力尽的；C. experienced有经验的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文的“the tired firefighters”可知，消防员们已经筋疲力尽了，故选B。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她得知他们花了几个小时勇敢地灭火时，她印象深刻。A. calm平静的；B. upset沮丧的；C. scared害怕的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据下文“to thank the firefighters for their service”可知，伍德沃德内心很感激消防员的付出，可以推测消防员的灭火的行为让其印象深刻。故选D。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当男人们准备离开时，她把账单留在了桌子上——已经付清了。A. paid支付；B. shared分享；C. replaced代替；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“Your breakfast is on me today”可知，伍德沃德把账单支付了，故选A。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：伍德沃德还在账单上留言，感谢消防员的服务：“你们今天的早餐由我来承担——感谢你们所做的一切：为他人服务，跑进别人逃避的地方。无论你扮演什么角色，你都是勇敢和坚强的……”A. mark标记；B. comment评论；C. application应用；D. message信息。根据下文的“Your breakfast is on me today – Thank you for all that you do: for serving ...”可知，是伍德沃德在账单上面的留言，故选D。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. chases after追赶；B. runs away from逃离；C. heads towards走向；D. catches up with赶上。根据上文“running into the places everyone else”可知，当发生灾情时消防员进入大家都逃离的地方。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消防员们感动得流下了眼泪：“多么无私和善良的行为！我绝对鼓励我的朋友们光顾，如果Woodward恰好是你的女服务员，请慷慨地给小费。”A. moved感动；B. influenced影响；C. feared害怕；D. remained提醒。根据下文的“tears”可知，消防员们被感动了，故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：消防员们感动得流下了眼泪:“多么无私和善良的行为!我一定会鼓励我的朋友们光顾这家餐厅来支持你们的生意，如果伍德沃德碰巧是你的服务员，请慷慨地给小费。”A. smart聪明的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. selfless无私的；D. mean吝啬的。and并列kind和前面的单词，应表达相近的含义，且前文提到“Your breakfast is on me today”可知，伍德沃德的行为是无私的，故选C。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消防员们感动得流下了眼泪:“多么无私和善良的行为!我一定会鼓励我的朋友们光顾这家餐厅来支持你们的生意，如果伍德沃德碰巧是你的服务员，请慷慨地给小费。”A. survive生存；B. offer提供；C. support支持；D. replace代替。根据上文的“encourage my friends to patronize”可知，是支持该店的生意，故选C。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：消防员们感动得流下了眼泪:“多么无私和善良的行为!我一定会鼓励我的朋友们光顾这家餐厅来支持你们的生意，如果伍德沃德碰巧是你的服务员，请慷慨地给小费。”A. immediately突然；B. continuously继续；C. legally合法地；D. generously慷慨地。根据上文“What a(n) selfless and kind act!”可知，消防员们被伍德沃德感动到了，可以推测，他们会鼓励大家慷概地给她小费，故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伍德沃德的礼物和温暖人心的话语让消防员们知道，他们受到了感激，当地人也很关心他们。A. extreme极端的；B. heart-warming暖心的；C. humorous幽默的；D. boring乏味的。根据上文的“were moved to tears”可知，伍德沃德的留言是暖心的，感人的，故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：伍德沃德的礼物和温暖人心的话语让消防员们知道，他们受到了感激，当地人也很关心他们。A. appreciated欣赏，感激；B. misjudged误判；C. ignored忽视；D. protected保护。根据下文“thank you can make a job worth doing”可知，消防员得到了当地人的感激，故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一句简单的谢谢就能让工作变得值得做。A. formal正式的；B. previous先前的；C. local当地的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“Thank you for all that you do”可知，伍德沃德同时也向消防员表达了简单的感谢，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们几乎不知道，伍德沃德正在为自己而战。A. battle战斗；B. appointment任命；C. adventure冒险；D. mistake错误。根据下文“She was also courageous and strong – for her dad, a quadriplegic”和“Woodward was trying to raise money for him.”可知，伍德沃德也在和自己战斗，挣钱为父亲治病，故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她也很勇敢和坚强，因为她的父亲是一名四肢瘫痪者，急需一辆轮椅无障碍面包车。A. mad疯狂的；B. urgent紧急的；C. low低的；D. personal个人的。根据上文的“a quadriplegic”可知，她父亲是一个四肢瘫痪的人，所以急需一辆无障碍面包车，故选B。
31．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：正如他们所说，时来运转，伍德沃德的善举注定会得到回报。A. turned back折返；B. turned off关闭；C. paid back回报；D. paid off已付清。根据下文的“they talked to local news media and hoped to help Woodward”可知，伍德沃德也得到社会的回报，故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们得知伍德沃德的困难时，他们与当地新闻媒体进行了交谈，希望能帮助伍德沃德筹集资金。A. approaches方法；B. advertisements广告；C. efforts努力；D. opportunities机会。根据下文的“she has raised over $86,000”可知，此处的“fundraising efforts” 应该表示“筹集资金”，故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它奏效了。A. mattered重要；B. worked奏效；C. ended结束；D. failed失败。根据下文“she has raised over $86,000”可知，帮助伍德沃德的方法奏效了，故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防员的勇敢行为激发了女服务员的善举，这反过来又激励了消防员和近2000名其他人为她做点什么。A. bravery勇气；B. loyalty忠诚度；C. difficulty困难；D. honesty诚实。根据上文的“you are courageous and strong”可知，消防员是有勇气的，勇敢的，故选A。
35．考查介词短语辨析。句意：消防员的勇敢行为激发了女服务员的善举，这反过来又激励了消防员和近2000名其他人为她做点什么。A. in charge主管；B. in vain徒劳；C. in particular特别；D. in turn反过来。根据上文“I definitely encourage my friends to patronize this restaurant to support the business”和“she has raised over $86,000”可知，她的对消防员的善举，反过来又让大家对她做出了善举，故选D。
36．A    37．D    38．B    39．A    40．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了对于在第一天上课后抵达达拉斯大学的学生，学校建议他们推迟入学，及推迟入学的相关说明。
36．细节理解题。由第一段中的“It’s our experience that late-arriving students have a stressful time settling in and meeting all the pre-registration requirements, such as TB Test (肺结核检查), orientations (入学培训), housing and so on. (根据我们的经验，迟到的学生很难适应并满足所有注册前的要求，如结核病检测、定向、住房等)”可知，根据达拉斯大学的ISSO，迟到的学生难以开始大学生活。故选A项。
37．细节理解题。由Departmental Late Arrival Letter下第一段中的“UT Dallas academic departments have the freedom and authority to write a late arrival letter on a student’s behalf. (达拉斯大学的学术部门有自由和权力代表学生写迟到信)”可知，是否提供迟到信是由达拉斯大学的学术部门决定的。故选D项。
38．细节理解题。由Departmental Late Arrival Letter下第三段中的“How late the department is willing to let the student start the semester. This must be a specific date. (系里愿意让学生多晚开始这个学期。这必须是一个特定的日期)”可知，迟到信中应包含重新安排的确切到达日期。故选B项。
39．细节理解题。由Departmental Late Arrival Letter下最后一段“The letter will not guarantee entry into the US; it simply reduces the possibility that late-arriving students will be turned away at the US Port of Entry. (该信函不会保证进入美国；它只是减少了迟到的学生在美国入境口岸被拒之门外的可能性)”可知，有一封迟到信，一个迟到的学生可能仍然被禁止进入美国。故选A项。
40．推理判断题。由第一段中的“It’s our experience that late-arriving students have a stressful time settling in and meeting all the pre-registration requirements, such as TB Test (肺结核检查), orientations (入学培训), housing and so on. The inability to meet all these requirements may harm a student’s F-1 or J-1 visa status. (根据我们的经验，迟到的学生很难适应并满足所有注册前的要求，如结核病检测、定向、住房等。无法满足所有这些要求可能会损害学生的F-1或J-1签证身份)”和Departmental Late Arrival Letter下第一段中的“Departments may only offer this letter if they are willing to make a statement to CBP (Customs and Border Protection), showing that they will ensure that the late-arriving student will be able to meet all university and immigration requirements despite the late arrival. (只有当各部门愿意向美国海关与边境保护局（CBP）发表声明，表明尽管迟到了，他们将确保迟到的学生能够满足所有大学和移民要求)”可知，这篇文章主要是为来自海外的新生写的。故选C项。
41．C    42．D    43．B    44．A    45．B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，布莱恩·汉密尔顿的一次监狱之行让他萌生了帮助囚犯出狱后如何适应生活的想法，因此他创建了非营利组织“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”，帮助有犯罪背景的人创办自己的小企业。
41．主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Brian Hamilton used to occupy himself with a six-figure job, but his life changed in a prison when he was accompanying his friend, Reverend Robert J. Harris, who often went to local prisons to do his work. (布莱恩·汉密尔顿曾经忙于一份六位数的工作，但当他陪伴他的朋友罗伯特·J·哈里斯牧师时，他的生活在监狱里发生了变化，哈里斯牧师经常去当地监狱工作)”可知，第一段主要讲汉密尔顿参观监狱后，他的生活发生了变化。故选C项。
42．推理判断题。由倒数第二段““Now, anyone is able to access the course, either to become a teacher to go into prisons to teach it or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population,” Hamilton explains. In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the course to at-risk students to lead the so-called bad students to the right path. (汉密尔顿解释道：“现在，任何人都可以学习这门课程，要么成为一名教师，进入监狱教授，要么作为囚犯或普通人群的一部分自己学习。”此外，他还参观了中学，并向有风险的学生介绍课程，以引导所谓的坏学生走上正确的道路)”可知，通过课程的使用人群的范围可推断出，“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”组织的课程已经得到了很大地扩展。故选D项。
43．推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the course to at-risk students to lead the so-called bad students to the right path. (此外，他还参观了中学，并向有风险的学生介绍课程，以引导所谓的坏学生走上正确的道路)”可知，汉密尔顿试图提前预防可能发生的犯罪。故选B项。
44．推理判断题。由第二段中的“Finally in 2008, 16 years after that initial conversation, Hamilton created Inmates to Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses. (最后，在2008年，也就是最初的对话16年后，汉密尔顿创建了“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”，这是一个非营利组织，帮助有犯罪背景的人创办自己的小企业)”和最后一段Hamilton所说的话的“If you can make people know that other people care about them, it will make a difference. (如果你能让人们知道其他人关心他们，那就会有所不同)”可知，Hamilton创建了非营利组织“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”，帮助有犯罪背景的人创办自己的小企业，认为人们要去关怀囚犯，可得出汉密尔顿看重为他人提供关怀。故选A项。
45．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了Brian Hamilton成功创业的故事，Hamilton创建了“Inmates to Entreprcneurs”这个组织，这是个帮助有犯罪背景的人创业的非营利组织。与此同时Hamilton还建立自己的公司Sageworks。2018年他卖掉了Sageworks的股份，一心投到“Inmates to Entrepreneurs”中来，去教犯人如何去创业。所以短文主要在讲述一个男人卖了他的企业去教囚犯如何创业，B项“一个男人卖掉了自己的生意来教囚犯”符合文意。故选B项。
46．D    47．B    48．B    49．C    50．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过大熊猫讲述了伞形物种理论，即保护大熊猫栖息地的努力也保护了许多与大熊猫生活在同一地区的其他哺乳动物、鸟类和两栖动物。
46．细节理解题。由第一段中的“In other words, efforts to preserve habitats for the giant panda also protect many other mammals, birds and amphibians (两栖动物) that live only alongside pandas, in the same areas and regions.(换言之，保护大熊猫栖息地的努力也保护了许多其他哺乳动物、鸟类和两栖动物，这些动物只与大熊猫生活在同一地区)”可知，大熊猫被称为保护伞物种，是因为对它们的保护也延伸到了对其他物种的保护。故选D项。
47．细节理解题。由第三段中的“The paper identified 10 locations that might be suitable for new or improved nature reserves to help expand that coverage. (该论文确定了10个可能适合新建或改善自然保护区的地点，以帮助扩大覆盖范围)”可知，自然保护区的覆盖范围可能会扩大。故选B项。
48．细节理解题。由第四段中的““In China we have many ecosystems. We need more umbrella species.” For example, she says tigers could serve the same role in the northern part of the country and snow leopards could be an umbrella for grassland species.(“在中国，我们有很多生态系统。我们需要更多的保护伞。”例如，她说老虎可以在中国北部发挥同样的作用，雪豹可以成为草原物种的一个保护伞)”可知，Binbin Li认为，人们应该寻找更多种类的伞形物种来保护生态系统。故选B项。
49．推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的““The new findings are important,” Pimm (the other author) and Li say, “because many people doubt whether China’s commitment to preserving giant panda habitats is doing much good.”(Pimm（另一位作者）和Li说：“新发现很重要，因为许多人怀疑中国保护大熊猫栖息地的承诺是否做得好。”)”和“She says this paper helps display wild pandas and also shows that the expense in preserving them is money well spent. (她说，这篇论文有助于展示野生大熊猫，也表明保护它们的费用花得很好)”可知，Pimm和Li认为新发现对证明中国为保护大熊猫所做的努力有帮助。故选C项。
50．主旨大意题。由第一段中的“It is also, according to new research, the protector of dozens of other unique Chinese species. (根据新的研究，大熊猫也是数十种其他独特的中国物种的保护者)”和最后一段“The researchers hope their paper helps to set the tone for future discussions not only about umbrella species but also giant pandas themselves, along with all China’s wildlife. (研究人员希望他们的论文有助于为未来的讨论定下基调，不仅是关于保护伞物种，还有大熊猫本身，以及所有中国野生动物)”可知，文章通过大熊猫讲述了伞形物种理论，即保护大熊猫栖息地的努力也保护了许多与大熊猫生活在同一地区的其他哺乳动物、鸟类和两栖动物，C项“保护大熊猫还能保护其他独特物种”符合文意。故选C项。
51．B    52．C    53．D    54．C    55．D

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过一些事例表明了年轻人相信自己改变世界的力量是多么的重要。
51．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Our modern society is terribly confused about the difference between a celebrity and a hero.”（我们的现代社会对于名人和英雄之间的区别非常困惑。）可知，作者说出我们对“名人和英雄的区别”很困惑，所以接下来讲到了“A celebrity is all about fame – temporary, superficial fame, usually for qualities that are easy to see: a pretty face, a great dance move, etc. A hero, by contrast, is about character- qualities under the surface that aren’t seen until they take action.”（名人就是名声——暂时的、肤浅的名声，通常是因为那些显而易见的品质：漂亮的脸蛋、出色的舞姿等等。相比之下，英雄是关于性格的——只有在他们采取行动之前才会被发现的表面之下的品质。）这是对区别的阐述，所以可推知整段文章其实就在讨论名人和英雄之间的区别。故选B项。
52．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Heroes are all around us. They truly hold our world together, through their unselfish devotion to helping others, teaching children, and protecting the environment. They don’t want fame, or glory; they just want to help.”（英雄就在我们身边。他们无私地致力于帮助他人、教育孩子和保护环境，真正地将我们的世界团结在一起。他们不需要名声或荣耀；他们只是想帮忙。）可知，英雄无私地致力于帮助他人，真正地将我们的世界团结在一起，由此可推知，他们在维护世界方面起到了很重要的作用，因此划线部分为“英雄在维持世界运转方面起着至关重要的作用。”故选C项。
53．推理判断题。根据第四段中“What gets lost in this? Young people’s sense of their own potential for heroic qualities – their own power to – make a positive difference in the world.”（这其中遗漏了什么？年轻人意识到自己具有英雄品质的潜力——他们自己的力量——对世界产生积极的影响。）可推知，年轻人在自我能力上产生了迷失，他们对自己改变世界的力量没有信心。故选D项。
54．推理判断题。根据第五段“How do we help young people believe in their own power? The best way is simply to share examples of other young people who have made a difference.”（我们如何帮助年轻人相信自己的力量？最好的方法就是分享其他做出改变的年轻人的例子。）可知，作者想用分享年轻人用自己的力量做出有影响的事的例子，来论证自己的观点。接下来列举Barbara年轻人的事例，来说明年轻人具有成为英雄的潜力。再根据最后一段“The list could continue. These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great.”（这样的例子还有很多。这些只是年轻人发现自己可以利用自己的精力做一些伟大事情的几个例子。）可知，作者就是用举例的方式来进一步阐述自己的观点。故选C项。
55．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The third one leaves some people wondering why young people’s belief in their own power is so essential.”（第三个愿望让一些人疑惑，为什么年轻人相信自己的力量如此重要。）以及最后一段中“These are but a few examples of young people who have discovered that they can build on their own energy to do something great.”（这些只是年轻人发现自己可以利用自己的精力做一些伟大事情的几个例子。）可知，作者开头以“相信自己的力量”点题，结合第4题分析，文中列举了几个通过自己的力量做出改变的例子，结尾又以“自己的力量”与首段呼应，可知，整篇文章讲的是年轻人应该相信自己有能力做出有影响力有意义的事。故选 D项。
56．To go to college by getting a scholarship.    57．Discouraged. / Sad. / Disappointed. / Heartbroken.    58．A strong determination and positive attitude can overcome obstacles and achieve dreams. / Believe in yourself and your dream, even if the facts suggested otherwise.    59．Rachel struggled to pursue her dream after her father’s death.    60．No matter what difficulties and challenges I encountered, I remained steadfast in my beliefs and goals.

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，瑞秋想获得奖学金上大学，她在父亲的鼓励下，坚持不懈，通过努力打篮球，最后实现了梦想的故事。
56．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“One day, I asked her why she practiced so much. Without a moment of hesitation, she said: “The only way I can go to college is if I get a scholarship. I like basketball. If I’m good enough, I can get a scholarship.” (有一天，我问她为什么练习这么多。她毫不犹豫地说：“我能上大学的唯一途径就是获得奖学金。我喜欢篮球。如果我足够优秀，我就能获得奖学金。”)”可知，Rachel频繁地练习打篮球，是因为她想通过获得奖学金上大学。故答案为：To go to college by getting a scholarship.
57．考查细节理解。由第四段中的“She was heartbroken. (她伤心欲绝)”可知，Rachel听到教练的话后感觉应该是沮丧或悲伤或失望或心碎。故答案为：Discouraged. / Sad. / Disappointed. / Heartbroken.
58．考查词句猜测。由第四段中的“Her father told her that those coaches were wrong — they just did not understand the power of a dream. Nothing could stop her, except one thing: her own attitude. (她的父亲告诉她，那些教练错了——他们只是不理解梦想的力量。没有什么能阻止她，只有一件事：她自己的态度)”和倒数第二段“However, every time she wanted to quit, she remembered her father’s last words: “Rachel, keep dreaming. Don’t let your dream die. If the dream is big enough, you can do anything!” (然而，每次她想退出时，她都会想起父亲的遗言：“瑞秋，继续做梦。不要让你的梦想破灭。如果梦想足够大，你可以做任何事情！”)”可知，通过划线句，瑞秋的父亲想告诉她坚定的决心和积极的态度可以克服障碍，实现梦想或相信你自己和你的梦想，即使事实并非如此。故答案为：A strong determination and positive attitude can overcome obstacles and achieve dreams. / Believe in yourself and your dream, even if the facts suggested otherwise.
59．考查主旨大意。由第六段“During her junior year of college, her father – her hero, died. The following years were hard for her. The grief she felt over the loss of her father was always there. She struggled daily with fear, doubt, and frustration. However, every time she wanted to quit, she remembered her father’s last words: “Rachel, keep dreaming. Don’t let your dream die. If the dream is big enough, you can do anything!” (在她大学三年级时，她的父亲——她的英雄——去世了。接下来的几年对她来说很艰难。她为失去父亲而感到的悲痛一直存在。她每天都在恐惧、怀疑和沮丧中挣扎。然而，每次她想退出时，她都会想起父亲的遗言：“瑞秋，继续做梦。不要让你的梦想破灭。如果梦想足够大，你可以做任何事情！”)”可知，第六段主要讲Rachel在父亲去世后努力追求自己的梦想。故答案为：Rachel struggled to pursue her dream after her father’s death.
60．考查开放答题。考生结合自身实际，按要求作答，例如：无论我遇到什么困难和挑战，我都会坚定我的信念和目标。故答案为：No matter what difficulties and challenges I encountered, I remained steadfast in my beliefs and goals.
61．Good evening, ladies and gentlemen!
At this moment, I’m honored to express our sincere thanks to you on behalf of my team.
China-England Secondary School Football Friendship Tournament witnessed the competitive football match on the playground, which sparked all the players’ burning passion for sports. Most students thought highly of the game which not only provided a platform for us to relieve our pressure but add spice to our dull routine. Football, originating from cuju, can be traced back to as far back as the Han Dynasty of Ancient China. Here is a cuju for you as a souvenir. With this gift, we wish you greater happiness.
Since you will leave soon, we wish you a pleasant journey back home. That’s all. Thank you very much!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是晨光中学校足球队队长李津。你将代表校队为刚刚结束的“中国-英格兰中学生足球友谊赛”发表感言，并将蹴鞠作为纪念品赠送给英格兰中学生队。请你为此写一篇英语发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→represent
高度赞扬：think highly of→sing high praise for
追溯到：trace back to→date back to
既然：since→now that
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Football, originating from cuju, can be traced back to as far back as the Han Dynasty of Ancient China.
拓展句：Football, which originates from cuju, can be traced back to as far back as the Han Dynasty of Ancient China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】China-England Secondary School Football Friendship Tournament witnessed the competitive football match on the playground, which sparked all the players’ burning passion for sports. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Football, originating from cuju, can be traced back to as far back as the Han Dynasty of Ancient China.(运用了现在分词作状语)