2023年中考英语语法详解之冠词的用法与训练（含答案）

2023年中考英语语法详解之冠词的用法与训练

定冠词的用法详解

冠词的学习是英语中很重要的一部分，冠词又分为定冠词和不定冠词以及零冠词。不定冠词的概念和用法，一起来看看吧！

1、特指某(些)人某(些)事物，双方都知道的人或物或再次提到，基本上所有名词前都可用。

The bag in the desk is mine. 

Is this the book you are looking for? Do you know the man in back?

It is not the car we are looking for.

The man has found his child.

I saw a film yesterday. The film was ended at eight o'clock.

Lucy bought a radio yesterday, but she found something was wrong with the radio.

2、用在西洋乐器前如play the piano/violin/guitar/drum

I like playing the piano

3、用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。这些事物当然是特指的事物，不可能有两个以上。

如 the sun　the moon　the earth   the sky　the world　the winter night

 The sun is bigger than the moon.  

I can see a bird in the sky.  

I like to have a walk with the bright moon light in the evening.  

4、定冠词与单数名词连用, 也可以表示这一类人或事物。 

The dog is not too danger.   

The cat is an animal.  。 

The umbrella in the shop is very cheap in this season.   

5、定冠词与形容词连用, 可表示某一类人或事物。如the poor  the rich  the old  the young  the blind

The wounded were brought to the hospital.

 He always helps the poor.   

The deaf can go to this special school.  

6、the 用在姓名复数之前, 表示一家人。  

The Greens is very kind to us.  

The Whites like the classic music.  。 

6、用在比较级、最高级或序数词前

the +比较级…… the +比较级……  表示越……越

the longer you stay, the better it will be

She said thee best way to learn English was by reading English magazine.

The first lesson is easy.

7、用在定语从句或介词短语所修饰的名词前

The girl in red is her friend.

不定冠词的用法

不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作e，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做an。

英文中的不定冠词是指用来陪伴单数可数名词，也就是当你在句子中提到一个人或事物时，需要在前面加一个冠词a或an来表示“一”的存在，但并不强调数量概念。

那么，关于不定冠词的用法是怎样的呢？来，看下面

(1) a 和 an 均用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物。例如:

John is a student. Mary is an English teacher.

(2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如 :

A steel worker makes steel.

Pass me an apple, please.

(3) 指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或和物。例如:

A student wants to see you.

A girl is waiting for you outside.

(4) 表示 “ 每一 ” 的意思,相当于 every 。例如:

Take the medicine three times a day.

They go to see their parents once a week.

冠词的省略和含有冠词a，the的词组

有时名词前无冠词，但并非不用冠词，而是省去了不定冠词和定冠词。在下列情况下冠词可省略。

避免重复

The lightning flashed and thunder crashed. 电闪雷鸣。（thunder 前省去 the。)

The noun is the name of a person or thing. 名词是人或物的名称。（thing前省去a。）

可省去句首的定冠词 the

Class is dismissed. 下课了。

Fact is that they do not know him. 事实是他们并不认识他。

在 the next day 等短语中，定冠词 常省去

Next day they went to London together early. 第二天，他们很早就一起到伦敦去了。

The circus is coming here next week. 马戏团下星期来这儿。

信函地址常省去定冠词或不定冠词

English Dpt.

Foreign Studies University

Beijing,China

中国北京外国语大学英语系

含有a的词组

have a word with sb. 和某人谈话

have a drink 喝点什么

many a time 许多次

have a good time 过得愉快

have a swim游泳

have a bath/shower 洗澡,淋浴

have a look (at) 看一看

have a fever 发烧

give a lesson 授课

in a/one word 总之（一句话)

have a talk谈话

have/take a walk 散步

have a nice trip 旅途愉快

have a rest 休息一下

含有the词组

in the daytime在白天

at/in the beginning 开始

in the middle night 在半夜

in the end 最后,终于

by the way 顺便说一下

the same as... 同..一样

in/at the front of...在某物的前部

on the right/left 在右边/左边

in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上

英语冠词训练题

1. Which city in England do you think may be called _______ Shanghai of _______ West?

A. a; the                  B. the;不填               C. the; the                 D. 不填; the

2. Dr. Smith wants ________ assistant with ________ good knowledge of English.

A. the; the               B. an; the                  C. an; a                     D. 不填; 不填

3. —What does her uncle do?

—He is a professor of ________ university and he is ________ honest man.

A. the；an               B. a；a                     C. an；an                 D. a； an

4. You made the same mistake for _____second time, dropping _____ “n” in the word “government”.

A. a; the                  B. a; a                      C. the; an                  D. a; an

5. It’s quite obvious that the aging population in China will cause _____heavy pressure on _____whole society in the future.

A. a; a                     B. the; 不填              C. a; the                   D. 不填; the

6. The poet and ________ writer is going to give us a talk this afternoon.

A. a                         B. the                       C. 不填                   D. an

7. Her husband was put into________ prison, and she had to go to________ prison once a month to visit him.

A. a; the                   B. the; the                C. 不填; 不填           D. 不填; the

8. Wu Dong is________ taller of________ two brothers.

A. 不填; the             B. the; 不填              C. 不填; 不填           D. the; the

9 The teacher is standing ________ of the teacher’s table, which is ________ of the classroom.

A. in front; in front                                   B. in front; in the front

C. in the front; in the front                         D. in the front; in front

10. I am in ________ charge of the class which was in ________ charge of my wife.

A. 不填; the             B. 不填; 不填            C. the; 不填             D. the; the

11. The warmth of________ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ________ wool used.

A. the; the                B. the; 不填               C. 不填; the             D. 不填; 不填

12. As _____rule, apples are sold by _____weight and eggs by _____dozen.

A. a; 不填; the          B. a; the; the             C. a; a; the                D. the;不填;不填

13. In________ winter of 1990, he went abroad on ________ business.

A. 不填; 不填          B. the; 不填                C. the; the               D. the ;a

14.—Judging from _____number of the cars, there are not many people in the club.

—I think so. People would rather stay at home in such _____bad weather.

A. the; 不填             B. a; 不填                 C. the; a                   D. a; a

15. The sign reads, “In case of ________ fire, break the glass and push ________ red button.”

A. 不填; a                B. 不填; the              C. the; the                 D. a; a

【模拟解析】

1. C。the West (西方、西洋)是固定搭配；指类似于…的人或物时，专有名词前用冠词，而Shanghai又受of the West修饰，所以用the。

2. C。第一空 an 用于以元音音素开头的词前；第二空泛指有英语知识的人。

3. D。不定冠词 a 用于以辅音音素开头的词前（指发音而不是字母），如：a university；而 an 用于以元音音素开头的词前，如 an uncle / an honest man.

4. D。第一空是序数词前用a表示“又一”；辅音字母n, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x和元音字母a, e, i, o的读音，均以元音开头，所以第二空填an。

5. C。第一空是泛指用a, a heavy pressure意为“一种很大的压力”；当whole修饰单数名词表示“全(部的), 整个的”时，前面用one’s或the，又如the whole evening / truth整个晚上 / 全部真相。

6. C。and 并列的是同一事物同一人同一概念时，其后面的名词前不用冠词。

7. D。比较：put into prison=坐牢；go to the prison=去监狱。

8. D。“the +形容词比较级+of the two +名词复数”结构表示：两者中较怎样的一个。

9. B。in front of=在……前面（指范围之外）；in the front of=在……前部（指范围之内）。

10. A。in charge of 的意思是“负责”、“管理”，其主语通常是人；in the charge of 的意思是“由……负责或管理”，其主语通常是物。

11. B。第一空特指毛衣暖和程度，用定冠词；第二空后的名词表示织毛衣用的羊毛，属泛指，故不用冠词。

12. A。as a rule(通常地)是固定词组；在度量名词前，表示付工资、卖、租等方式时，用the，又如paid by the hour / day / month / piece, sold by the yard / dozen / ton，比较by weight(按重量)。

13. B。如果表示季节、月份的名词被一个限制性定语修饰，其前就得加定冠词；而 on business 是固定搭配，中间不用冠词。

14. A。the number of “…的数量”；weather与fun, news, advice, information等均为不可数名词，无论什么情况，都不可直接与a连用。

15. B。fire 为“火灾”，不确指，用零冠词；而 red button 指 sign上的红按钮，故为特指，用定冠词。