03 Unit 4 space exploration 能力篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(人教版2019必修第三册)

这是一份03 Unit 4 space exploration 能力篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(人教版2019必修第三册)，共24页。试卷主要包含了单词填空，单句语法填空，完成句子，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 4 Space Exploration
基础检测

一、单词填空
1. The power of the Green movement in Germany has made the country a leader in the drive to __________(循环利用) more waster materials.
2. He headed to the window and shut it. O________________, it would be too cold for him to stay there.
3. The passage is an _____________(分析) of the _____________(当前的) problems in teaching.
4. Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have s______________ material and markets.
5. The river is too s______________ for out boat to float on.
6. We used to see each other ______________(定期地), but I haven’t hear from him since last year
7. We have ____________(启动) a campaign to support the sustainable(可持续的) use of the __________(有限的)natural _____________(资源).
8. Our goal is to creat a peaceful community with shared future for _____________(人类).
9. _____________(太阳的) energy is friendly to the environment, but it hasn’t been made the best of up to now.
10. I’m sorry. It is _____________(超出) my power to finish such a difficult task.
二、单句语法填空
1. A decision was finally made after some heated _______ (argue).
2. The earthquake has resulted _________ many thousands of deaths.
3. People who exercise _________ (regular) are less likely to feel nervous.
4．________ (keep) themselves awake， they sat on the floor.
5.She got off the bus, ________ (leave) her handbag on her seat.
6. She got off the bus, but ______ (leave) her handbag on her seat.
7. She got off the bus, who _____(leave) her handbag on her seat.
8._______(turn) to the right, and you will find the building you want.
9. If you ______ (turn) to the right, you will find the building you want.
10.___ ____ (turn) to the right, you will find the building you want.
10. The question ___________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday is of great importance.
11. ___________ (improve) his spoken English, Mr. Zhang goes to the English corner every Saturday.
12. He is always the first ________(come) and the last ________(go).
13. He hurried to the school only ________(find) nobody there
14. The room is really comfortable ________(live) in.
15 Help others in need and you will be helped when _________(stick) in difficulties!
16. Generally speaking, when_________(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect..
17. This app keeps us_______(update) on all information which we are interested in.
18. The father as well as his three children_______(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
三、完成句子
1. 我父母认为好的教育很重要。（attach）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Mary是被选中参加活动的学生之一。（one of + n.复数+ 定语从句 ）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 他是历史上第一个发射火箭的人。（the + 序数词+ n. + to do）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 考试失利让她很失望。（make + n.(宾语) + do/done/adj.(宾补)）
___________________________________________________________________________________________
四、语法填空
    The probe of China’s first Mars mission Tianwen 1 flew a total of 100 million kilometers by 10:08 a.m. 1______ Friday, according to China National Space Administration.
2___________(launch) on July 23, the probe was sent into the Earth-Mars transfer trajectory(轨道) by the country’s Long March 5 carrier rocket. It becomes 3__________ artificial planet to circle the Sun together with the Earth and the moon, 4__________(fly) away from the Earth and approaching the red planet. It is now 10.75 million kilometers away from the Earth 5___________ 36 days’ travel. When arriving at Mars, the probe will be about 195 million kilometers from the Earth with an actual flight 6___________(distant) of roughly 70 million kilometers.
During the flight, the probe has 7____________(success) captured a photo of the Earth and the moon, and completed the first mid-course orbital correction.
It is expected 8___________(carry) out deep-space maneuvers and multiple mid-course corrections later, and conduct orbiting, landing and roving missions after approaching the Mars orbit.
The Tianwen 1 9____________(schedule) to make a second orbital correction in September to ensure that the probe is flying accurately in 10____________(it) preset orbit.







达标检测

知识1 重点词汇
A. 请根据给出的汉语提示写出单词的正确形式
1. ___________ adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→___________ n.智慧；智力
2. ___________ n.宇宙；天地万物→___________ adj.普遍的；全世界的
3. ___________ vt.查明；确定；决定→___________ adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→___________ n.决心；坚定
4. ___________ n.(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处→___________ n.代理人；代理商；中介；经纪人
5. ___________ adj.失望的；沮丧的→___________ v.使(希望、期望)破灭→___________ n.失望
6. ___________ adj.独立的；自立的→___________ adv.独立地；自立地
B. 根据语境，从方框中选择单词并用其适当形式填空
mental independent procedure intelligent mankind vehicle launch
disappointed desire signal gravity data universe determine astronaut
1. The city was crowded with ___________ people with no interest in settling down.
2. The carrier rocket sent the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft with __________ Chen Dong and Jing Haipeng into space.
3. The use of new energy ___________ can reduce pressure on energy and the environment.
4. She gave me a ___________ look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.
5.So far the government ___________ many campaigns to protect the environment.
6. Jordan’s super skills were impressive but the ___________ strength that he showed made him unique.
7. Susan is a very bright and ___________ woman who can always find good ways to settle the problems she meets.
8. As we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its ___________ pulling us.
9. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the ___________ began with a “Big Bang”.
10. We sought ways to help disabled students to live and study ___________.
11. These ___________ show that most cancers are detected as a result of clinical follow-up.
12. A large number of students ___________ to be admitted to Peking University.
13. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards to ___________ that the teacher was
coming.
14. The safety video shows the proper ___________ for leaving the cinema in case of fire.
15. The computer is definitely an invention for the good of all ___________.

知识2 高频短语
从方框中选择短语并用其适当形式填空
on board in the hope of focus on lead to so as to carry on
be curious about make progress be related to graduate from
1. Much of the crime in this area ________________ drug abuse.
2. There are 12 children ________________ the ship.
3. Children ________________ the world they live in and ready to face the world of tomorrow.
4. If you only ________________ your personal gain and loss, you will always feel unfair.
5. They got up very early ________________ catching the first bus.
6. One should learn from past mistakes _____________ avoid falling into the same old trap again.
7. They managed to ________________ their experiments in spite of the difficulties.
8. Provided you are modest, you’ll surely ________________.
9. After ________________ senior high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature.
10. The Space Shuttle Challenger disaster that occurred on 28 January 1986 ______________ the deaths of five NASA astronauts and two specialists.

知识3 句式结构
句式结构1：This is because...
1. _______________________ (这是因为) people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. (教材P41)
2. Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. _________________ (这是因为) a large percentage of its surface is covered by water.
3. _______________________ (那就是为什么) students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
4. 他没接受这份工作的原因是这家公司离家太远了。
____________________________________________________________________________
句式结构2：not only...but also...
1. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will __________________________
___________ (不仅使我们理解) how the universe began, (而且) help us survive well into the future. (教材P41)
2. Taking part in after-class activities can not only free us from the heavy work of study ________
_____________________________________ (而且能强身健体、丰富知识).
3. ______________________________________________________________ (我们不仅应该为他们筹集资金) but also we should help them rebuild their home.
4. Not only you but also I ______________________ (对……感兴趣)working as volunteers.

能力提升
题目I. 单句语法填空
1. We can observe that artificial ____________ (intelligent) has already made an impact
on our lives in many ways.
2. If I succeed in ____________ (manage) one cafe, I will open more.
3. Deeply moved by the story, she felt a strong desire ____________ (help) and care for others.
4. Sandra was ____________ (determine) to become a doctor, and finally her years of effort paid off.
5. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win. But to my ____________ (disappoint), we were defeated.
6. Let’s join a small group bike tour for an evening of ____________ (explore) in the heart of Washington, D. C.
7. The Chang’e-4 probe, ____________ (launch) on Dec 8, 2018, made the first soft landing on the far side of the moon on Jan 3, 2019.
8. India gained____________ (independent) in 1947 after a long struggle.
9. They hurried to the airport ____________ the hope of catching a glimpse of him.
10. One of the most important questions they had to consider was ____________ of public health.

题目II. 单句写作
1.我很珍惜这个好机会来开阔我的视野、提高我的英语口语。(as well as)
I treasure this as a good chance __________________________________________________.
2.如果你继续努力学习，在不久的将来你会取得更大的进步。(make progress)
____________________________________________________________________________.
3.我已经拥有多种多样的知识和能力，因此我有足够的自信能把工作做好。(enough...to...)
I have been equipped with diverse knowledge and abilities so that I am confident ___________
________________________________.
4.我决心实现我的梦想——成为像林巧稚一样的医生。 (realize one’s dream)
I am determined ___________________________________________ doctor like Lin Qiaozhi.

模拟演练


第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Later this month, Tate Britain will host its first Van Gogh exhibition since 1947. Here we've rounded up 4 of his best paintings before the show.
Potato Eaters
Potato Eaters was Van Gogh's first major work and, despite a distinct lack of colour, it was one that he was most proud of. His aim was to represent the difficulties of country life, so the farmers are painted in earthy tones with rough faces and bony hands. He was more concerned with conveying his message than achieving technical perfection in this painting.
Irises
Van Gogh finished almost 142 pieces during his stay in the Saint Remy de Provence asylum (精神病院), where he was a voluntary patient from 1889 to 1890. This piece was started shortly after he arrived there. The hospital garden provided much inspiration for the artist during his stay there. Originally, the flowers in this work were painted purple but the red pigment (色素) faded over time and has now turned blue.
Cafe Terrace at Night
Despite being painted more than 130 years ago, this cafe still exists in France and has since been renamed the Cafe Van Gogh. This artwork marks the first time Van Gogh's famous post-impressionistic star-filled sky was seen in a piece, and it was painted on the ground, in person, rather than from memory. While the artwork doesn't bear his signature, it's widely known to be Van Gogh's, as he mentioned Cafe Terrace at Night in a number of his letters.
Wheat Field With Cypresses
This piece was inspired by the view from Van Gogh's asylum window and was finished on the spot. The work was the title of three paintings that offer an insight into his stay at the hospital.' Van Gogh was 80 pleased with the summer landscape that he made three copies there, one of the same size—which hangs in the National Gallery and two smaller copies which he planned to gift to his mother and sister.
1. Which painting did Vincent van Gogh take most pride in?
A. Irises. B. Potato Eaters.
C. Cafe Terrace at Night. D. Wheat Field With Cypresses.
2. What is the original color of the flowers in Irises?
A. Purple. B. Blue. C. Red. D. Yellow.
3. What do the last two paintings have in common?
A. They were the same in size. B. They had more than one copy.
C. They were signed by the artist, D. They were painted on the ground.
B
Listening to guitarist Milos Karadaglic’s album, you will find yourself wandering in a world where you are surrounded by amazing classical guitar music. “I want to wake classical guitar music up from its hibernation and show what I can do and what my instrument can do,” said Milos.
Born 37 years ago in a small town in Yugoslavia, he was inspired from an early age to be a performer. Since his country had a small population and no formal music school, making a career on the instrument was extremely hard for him. It all began when Milos discovered an ancient, dusty guitar with broken strings in his basement. Strangely, this broken instrument convinced him that he must become a guitarist. By the age of 9, he was giving public performances, and at 11 he won his first national competition. He was also a talented singer and became star of TV and radio.
Unfortunately, Yugoslavia was torn apart in 1992, and because of the war, Milos’ family suffered food shortages. Fast forward to 1996, when Milos became a teenager, he had his first opportunity to travel outside of his hometown to play a concert. It was in Paris where he was amazed by its western European prosperity and air of Christmas happiness.
During the trip, he made up his mind to study at the Royal Academy of Music. He sent a home-made tape of his performance to the academy, where a professor found something special in his playing, so Milos was admitted to the academy. Afterwards, Milos earned first-class honors and a master’s degree, and his albums are highly praised by other world-famous guitarists.
However, this is just the beginning for Milos, and his horizons seem limitless. He has been making a variety of plans for broadening the classical music’s reach.
4. What can we learn about Milos from this story?
A. He studied music in a college in his own country.
B. It was his master’s degree that made him famous.
C. Travelling to Paris enabled him to get further education.
D. Poverty was the main reason for him to play the guitar.
5. How was Milos admitted to the Royal Academy of Music?
A. By being introduced to a professor by his teacher.
B. By sending a tape of his performance.
C. By taking part in a music competition.
D. By having a college entrance exam.
6. Which of the following is the correct order of Milos’ experiences?
a. He discovered an old, broken guitar.
b. He won the national competition for the first time.
c. He made his mind to study at the Royal Academy.
d. He travelled to Paris to play a concert for the first time.
A. a, c, d, b B. b, a, d, c C. c, b, a, d D. a, b, d, c
7. What can be the theme of the text?
A. Talented guitarist pursues the highest level.
B. The limitless horizons of guitar music.
C. A guitar hero’s success in war.
D. Guitar music from Yugoslavia.
C
Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical（批判性的）thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes（过程）. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
The word "critical" here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen—beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning (错误的推理).
Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker; if you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today's world, fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence, you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banish Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein, Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein immediately put Hoffman at ease by saying, "Please go slowly, I don't understand things quickly."
8. Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically,__________.
A. it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast
B. we will follow the ideas of others naturally
C. we might be controlled by other people's ideas
D. we might be fooled by other people's ideas
9. If you are a critical thinker, you will________.
A. criticize other people for their mistakes B. trust the reports in the newspapers
C. take one view against another view D. think deeply about different ideas
10. In the last paragraph, "something new" suggests that________.
A. the smarter you are, the faster you do things
B. intelligence is not decided by speed
C. speed can improve intelligence
D. the faster you do things, the smarter you become
11. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Understanding Critical Thinking B. Thinking and Critical Thinking
C. Thinking Natural and Human D. Thinking Fast Means Intelligence
D
Breathing dirty air can cost someone’s lifespan (寿命) months—even years, a new study finds. Worldwide, air pollution lowers average lifespans by a year. Scientists shared their new findings in Environmental Science & Technology Letters.
Air pollution (污染) has been linked to many health problems. Most earlier studies have looked at how tiny air pollutants affected rates of illness or death. But now an environmental scientist, Joshua Apte, is going even further. He works at the University of Texas, Austin. He together with his team is looking at life expectancy, hoping to make the threat easier to understand.
PM 2.5 is what scientists call tiny particles of pollution in the air. Higher levels of PM2.5 can cause health problems and cut months, if not years, from the average lifespan. This analysis shows pollution affects life expectancy in different parts of the world.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends limiting PM 2.5 to 10 micrograms (微克) per cubic (立方) meter of air. Apte’s group used data to try to find how this low level would help people. But meeting the WHO standard won’t get rid of health damage from dirty air. That’s because even below 10 micrograms per cubic meter pollution still causes huge risks.
Reducing air pollution could increase life expectancy. The scientists also compared how other threats shorten life spans across the globe. These risk factors included smoking and cancer.
These results show that in poor countries, cleaning up dirty air could greatly increase lifespans. It could have as big an effect as cleaning up drinking water, or curing lung cancer. However, in wealthier countries air pollution shortens life expectancy by less than half a year. All forms of cancer, in fact, shorten the average life expectancy by more than 3.5 years. “Knowing this can really help people. or policymakers, decide where to spend their money.” says Kirk Smith.
12. Why is Joshua Apte’s team carrying out the study?
A. Know how small air pollutants are.
B. Study many different healthy problems.
C. Let people understand air pollution better.
D. Study the life expectancy of different people.
13. What will happen if one country limits PM 2.5 to 10 micrograms per cube meter?
A. Its air is very clean.
B. It still has pollution risks.
C. It will get a prize from WHO.
D. Its people will live a healthy life.
14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It’s very hard to clean up dirty air in a short time.
B. Lung cancer is the leading killer in all kinds of cancers.
C. Reducing air pollution can increase all people’s lifespans much.
D. The study will help different countries or people take different policies.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Air Pollution is Shortening Lives Worldwide
B. Many Factors are Affecting People’s Health
C. Governments are Trying to Make Lifespan Long
D. The Effect of Cancer is Worse than Dirty Air
第二节：七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
One of the most important skills in building a successful career is listening. While drive and confidence may get you in the door of a dream job, listening enables you to build successful partnerships that will help you climb to the top. ____16____ When colleagues feel listened to, they feel safe to communicate and enjoy working together.
So how do people become good listeners?
____17____
While we all have our own ideas, to properly listen, we must put these aside when the other person is speaking. Many people succeed because they’ve learned to listen with the purpose of understanding what the other person is trying to convey. It helps you get important information, of course, but it’s more than that: It’s also the greatest sign of respect you can give someone.
Ask question.
This shows the other person that you re paying attention and interested, which will lead to a more honest and productive conversation. Clarify things that may be unclear, reflect back what you hear and ask questions that allow the person to unpack the topic. ____18____
Be supportive.
Create a safe and comfortable workplace by showing your support. ____19____ Body language can also play a significant role in creating a supportive environment. Positive feedback (反馈) is an important part too. Gaining new information is the best way to stay on top of the game, no matter what the job is.
Be patient with yourself.
Don’t forget to be patient with yourself. ____20____ Take the time to manage your success in this field and remember that little change can go a long way.
A. Listen with the goal of comprehension.
B. Learning to listen effectively doesn’t happen overnight.
C. Here’s how to build your career by being a good listener.
D. Understand what words will truly persuade the other person.
E. Open-ended questions are the best as they don’t force a direct answer.
F. Sincere listening is transformative as it helps create a supportive workplace.
G. This can be done by showing confidence in the person and avoiding criticism.
第部二分：语言知识运用（共2节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
My dad was a farmer. He never regarded anyone as a ___21___. He could really talk to any person, and his favorite thing to do was to ___22___ their income. Once we were at Chicago’s O’Hare Airport, and my dad was sitting with me as I was waiting for my ___23___. A Russian woman who could not speak a word of English sat next to my dad, but that did not ___24___ him. At last, he found out her business, how many children she had and of course how much she made.
I was a shy person and used to be somewhat ___25___ by this. My mom was a very ___26___ person as well, so she was ___27___ by this too. But my mom told me a story about how she was in the doctor’s office with dad and ___28___ he was his usual self-talking to others all the time in the waiting room. My dad even started talking to a young man in a wheel chair who could neither ___29___ nor move his arms or head. He ___30___ could do nothing. But my dad still kept asking him questions and finally got the young man to smile in ___31___. And he carried on like that with the ___32___ man until he was called back to the doctor’s office. Then the father of the young man came over, ___33___ my dad’s hand and said, “Thank you for ___34___ to my son, most people just turn away when they see him.” Hearing that, I realized that my father’s ___35___ of talking could make a difference.
21. A. leader B. partner C. visitor D. stranger
22. A. look into B. set down C. find out D. add to
23. A. boat B. flight C. train D. ferry
24. A. attract B. shock C. encourage D. stop
25. A. embarrassed B. touched C. excited D. frightened
26. A. outgoing B. private C. honest D. active
27. A. moved B. inspired C. bothered D. threatened
28. A. whether B. when C. why D. how
29. A. act B. smile C. talk D. drive
30. A. gradually B. actually C. entirely D. merely
31. A. conclusion B. surprise C. power D. response
32. A. confident B. disabled C. nervous D. disturbed
33. A. shook B. struck C. rubbed D. scratched
34. A. sticking B. opening C. speaking D. reacting
35. A. love B. way C. content D. tone
第二节(共10小题：每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house or switch off the TV? These kinds of things often happen to us, ____36____ can lead to problems. However, in the near future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door and switch off the TV ____37____ (automatic). These smart homes will provide us with a ____38____ (comfortable) environment than now.
Your home will learn your daily routine and ____39____ (prefer), so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. For example, lights will come on instantly you enter the door along with ____40____ (you) favourite music. All controls will respond ____41____ voice commands, so you just say ____42____ you want and the home system will obey. Besides, it will give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how ____43____ (sleep) better.
This smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new ____44____ (innovate) are already available and being used in some homes. Nevertheless, it will take some years _____45_____ most new homes begin to use this new technology.

第三部分 应用文写作 (满分20分)
46. 假定你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim写信给你提到他想强身健体，计划选择一项运动并向你征询建议。请你给他回一封信，内容包括：
1. 你推荐的运动；
2. 推荐的理由。
注意：词数100左右。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了梵高的四幅代表作。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由Potato Eaters一节中的“Potato Eaters was Van Gogh's first major work and, despite a distinct lack of colour, it was one that he was most proud of.”（《吃土豆的人》是梵高的第一部主要作品，尽管明显缺乏色彩，但这是他最引以为豪的作品。），可知Potato Eaters是梵高自己感到最得意的作品。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Irises一节中的“Originally, the flowers in this work were painted purple but the red pigment (色素) faded over time and has now turned blue.”（最初，这幅作品中的花朵被涂成紫色，但随着时间的推移，红色素褪色，现在变成蓝色。），可知Irises中的花原来是紫色的，后来因为失去了红色素，而变成了色。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Cafe Terrace at Night一节中的“This artwork marks the first time Van Gogh's famous post-impressionistic star-filled sky was seen in a piece, and it was painted on the ground, in person, rather than from memory.”（这幅作品标志着梵高著名的后印象派星空第一次出现在一幅作品中，梵高亲自当场绘制了它，而不是从记忆中绘制的。）和Wheat Field With Cypresses一节中的“This piece was inspired by the view from Van Gogh's asylum window and was finished on the spot.”（这件作品的灵感来自梵高住的精神病院窗户的景色，并当场完成。），可知Cafe Terrace at Night和Wheat Field With Cypresses这两幅画都是现场写生的，on the ground/ on the spot（当场）。故选D项。
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了出生于南斯拉夫的一个小镇的古典音乐吉他手Milos Karadaglic的成名经历和艰辛旅程。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It was in Paris where he was amazed by its western European prosperity and air of Christmas happiness.（在巴黎，西欧的繁荣和圣诞节的幸福气氛使他感到惊讶。）”以及第四段第一句“During the trip, he made up his mind to study at the Royal Academy of Music.（在此次旅途中，他决定去皇家音乐学院学习。）”可知，C选项Travelling to Paris enabled him to get further education.（到巴黎旅行使他得以接受进一步的教育。）为正确选项。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“He sent a home-made tape of his performance to the academy, where a professor found something special in his playing, so Milos was admitted to the academy.( 他把自己自制的表演录像带寄给了该学院，那里的一位教授发现他的演奏有一些特别之处，所以米勒被学院录取了。)”可知，米勒被皇家音乐学院录取的原因是B选项By sending a tape of his performance.（通过寄送了一盒表演的录像带）。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It all began when Milos discovered an ancient, dusty guitar with broken strings in his basement. （一切都始于米洛斯在他的地下室发现了一把古老的、沾满灰尘的、弦断了的吉他。）”第五句“By the age of 9, he was giving public performances, and at 11 he won his first national competition.（9岁时，他开始在公众面前表演，11岁时，他第一次在全国比赛中获胜。）”第三段最后一句“It was in Paris where he was amazed by its western European prosperity and air of Christmas happiness.（在巴黎，西欧的繁荣和圣诞节的幸福气氛使他感到惊讶。）”以及第四段第一句“During the trip, he made up his mind to study at the Royal Academy of Music.（在此次旅途中，他决定去皇家音乐学院学习。）”可知，正确的顺序为“他发现了一把旧的、坏了的吉他。”“他第一次在全国比赛中获胜。”“他第一次去巴黎演奏音乐会。”“他决定去皇家艺术学院学习。”，即a, b, d, c。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文可知，本文主要介绍的是古代音乐吉他手Milos Karadaglic的成名路，以及本文最后一段第一句“However, this is just the beginning for Milos, and his horizons seem limitless.（然而，这只是米洛斯的开始，他的眼光似乎是无限的。）”所以A选项Talented guitarist pursues the highest level.（有才华的吉他手追求最高水平。）符合题意。故选A项。
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文。文章介绍批判性思维的概念，批判性思考的好处，批判性思考会让我们不被别人控制，判断性思维会让我们考虑不同的问题更深刻。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others.说明我们没有批判性的思考就会被别人控制。故选C。
9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的句子The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen-beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning.说明判断性思维不会让你仅限于表面现象，会让你考虑不同的问题更深刻。故选D。
【10题详解】
猜测词义题。根据最后一段的句子If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence(智力), you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein.认为速度决定智力的人会从爱因斯坦的故事中学到新知识，说明智力不是速度决定的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。从第一段的句子Thinking about thinking is the key to critical(批判性的)thinking.和批判性思考带给我们的好处，可知这篇文章是对批判性思维的理解。故选A。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了空气污染会缩短人类寿命的科学理论。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Air pollution (污染) has been linked to many health problems. Most earlier studies have looked at how tiny air pollutants affected rates of illness or death. But now an environmental scientist, Joshua Apte, is going even further. He works at the University of Texas, Austin. He together with his team is looking at life expectancy, hoping to make the threat easier to understand.(他和他的团队正在研究预期寿命，希望使这种威胁更容易理解。)”（空气污染与许多健康问题有关。早期的大多数研究都着眼于微小的空气污染物如何影响患病或死亡的几率。但现在，环境科学家约书亚·阿普特(Joshua Apte)更进一步。他就职于德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校。他和他的团队正在研究预期寿命，希望使这种威胁更容易理解。）可知，约书亚·阿普特的团队进行这项研究，是让人们更好地了解空气污染。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But meeting the WHO standard won’t get rid of health damage from dirty air. That’s because even below 10 micrograms per cubic meter pollution still causes huge risks.(但是，达到世界卫生组织的标准并不能消除污浊空气对健康的损害。这是因为即使每立方米污染低于10微克，仍然会造成巨大的风险。)”可知，如果一个国家将pm2.5限制在每立方米10微克，它仍然有污染风险。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Knowing this can really help people. or policymakers, decide where to spend their money.(知道这一点真的可以帮助人们。或者决策者，决定把钱花在哪里。)”可推断，这项研究将帮助不同的国家或人民采取不同的政策。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文, 特别是第一段中的“Breathing dirty air can cost someone’s lifespan (寿命) months—even years, a new study finds.(一项新的研究发现，呼吸污浊的空气会使人的寿命缩短数月甚至数年。)”可知，文章阐述了空气污染会缩短人类寿命的科学理论。所以“Air Pollution is Shortening Lives Worldwide(空气污染正在缩短世界范围内的寿命)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要就如何成为好的倾听者提出几点建议。
【16题详解】
上文“While drive and confidence may get you in the door of a dream job, listening enables you to build successful partnerships that will help you climb to the top.(尽管动力和自信可能会让你进入理想的工作之门，但倾听可以让你建立成功的伙伴关系，帮助你登上顶峰。)”指出倾听很重要，可以让你建立成功的伙伴关系，帮助你登上顶峰，下文“When colleagues feel listened to, they feel safe to communicate and enjoy working together.(当同事们感到被倾听时，他们就会感到交流是安全的，并且喜欢一起工作。)”具体指出倾听对你工作的好处，由此可推知，空处应该承上启下，指出倾听有助于创造一个支持性的工作环境。F项“Sincere listening is transformative as it helps create a supportive workplace.(真诚的倾听有助于创造一个支持性的工作环境。)”符合，故选F。
【17题详解】
分析文章结构可知，空处是本段小标题，是关于如何成为好的倾听者的一条建议，根据下文“While we all have our own ideas, to properly listen, we must put these aside when the other person is speaking. Many people succeed because they’ve learned to listen with the purpose of understanding what the other person is trying to convey. It helps you get important information, of course, but it’s more than that: It’s also the greatest sign of respect you can give someone.(当我们都有自己的想法时，为了正确地倾听，我们必须在别人说话的时候把这些想法放在一边。许多人之所以成功，是因为他们学会了倾听，目的是理解对方想要传达的信息。当然，它能帮助你获得重要信息，但不仅如此：它也是你能给予某人最大的尊重的标志。)”可知，本段主要讲了学会倾听，目的是要理解别人，A项“Listen with the goal of comprehension.(带着理解的目的去听。)”符合，概括了本段内容，故选A。
【18题详解】
上文“Clarify things that may be unclear, reflect back what you hear and ask questions that allow the person to unpack the topic.(澄清那些可能不清楚的事情，反映你所听到的，并提出问题，让对方能够解释这个话题。)”指出要对不清楚的事情问问题，让对方解释这个话题，由此可知，空处应该承接上文，指出我们如何问问题，E项“Open-ended questions are the best as they don’t force a direct answer.(开放式问题是最好的，因为它们不强求直接的答案。)”符合，故选E。
19题详解】
上文“Create a safe and comfortable workplace by showing your support.(通过表示支持来创造一个安全舒适的工作环境。)”指出要通过支持别人来创造一个舒适的工作环境，空处应指出具体如何支持别人，G项“This can be done by showing confidence in the person and avoiding criticism.(这可以通过展示对人的信心和避免批评来实现。)”符合，故选G。
【20题详解】
上文“Don’t forget to be patient with yourself. (别忘了对自己要有耐心。)”指出学会倾听需要你对自己有耐心，下文“Take the time to manage your success in this field and remember that little change can go a long way.(花点时间使你在这个领域努力取得成功，并且记住，小小的改变可以走很长的路。)”指出学会倾听别人是要花时间的，由此可知，空处应承上启下，B项“Learning to listen effectively doesn’t happen overnight.(学会有效地倾听不是一朝一夕的事。)”符合，既解释了为什么要对自己有耐心，同时顺承下文，要对自己有耐心，因为学会倾听不是一朝一夕的事，而是需要时间和付出的，故选B。
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的父亲是个爱说话的人，从不把任何人当作陌生人，可以和任何人交谈。不管是在机场遇到的不会说一句英文的俄罗斯女人，还是在医生办公室遇到的残疾年轻人，父亲都能和对方交谈。最后残疾年轻人的父亲来感谢作者的父亲，让作者意识到，父亲对说话的热爱可能会给其他人带来一些改变。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从不把任何人当作陌生人。A. leader领导；B. partner伙伴；C. visitor参观者；D. stranger陌生人。结合后文He could really talk to any person可知父亲从不把任何人当做陌生人对待，他可以和任何人交谈。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他真的可以和任何人交谈，而他最喜欢做的事情就是弄清楚他们的收入。A. look into调查；B. set down写下；C. find out弄清楚，查明；D. add to增加。根据后文宾语their income可知父亲喜欢去弄清楚别人的收入。后文he found out her business也是提示。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们在芝加哥的奥黑尔机场，我在等飞机的时候，爸爸坐在我旁边。A. boat船；B. flight飞机；C. train火车；D. ferry渡船。根据上文we were at Chicago’s O’Hare Airport可知是在机场等飞机。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位不会说一句英语的俄罗斯女人坐在我爸爸旁边，但这并没有阻止他与她交谈。A. attract吸引；B. shock使震惊；C. encourage鼓励；D. stop停止。根据后文At last, he found out her business, how many children she had and of course how much she made.可知即使对方并不会说英语，也没能阻止父亲去弄清楚别人的家庭情况和收入。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个害羞的人，曾经为此感到有些尴尬。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. touched感动的；C. excited激动的；D. frightened害怕的。结合上文I was a shy person and used to be somewhat可知作者本来就害羞，所以对父亲的这一做法肯定是感到有些尴尬的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈也是一个非常注重隐私的人，所以她也因此而烦恼。A. outgoing开朗的；B. private私人的；C. honest诚实的；D. active活跃的。根据后文by this too可推知母亲也为父亲的行为所烦恼，说明母亲是个注重隐私的人，不喜欢打听别人的私事。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈也是一个非常注重隐私的人，所以她也因此而烦恼。A. moved移动；B. inspired鼓舞；C. bothered烦恼；D. threatened威胁。母亲注重隐私，所以父亲的行为让她烦恼。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：但我妈妈给我讲了一个故事，讲的是她和爸爸在医生的办公室里，他如何在候诊室里经常和别人自言自语的情况。根据上文how she was in the doctor’s office with dad and 可知此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲甚至开始和一个坐在轮椅上的年轻人交谈，他既不能说话，也不能移动他的手臂和头部。A. act行动；B. smile微笑；C. talk谈话；D. drive驾驶。根据第一段中He could really talk to any person可知父亲和这个年轻人交谈。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他实际上什么也做不了。A. gradually逐渐地；B. actually实际上；C. entirely完全地；D. merely仅仅。结合上文可知年轻人既不能说话，也不能移动他的手臂和头部，实际上（actually）就是什么都做不了。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但爸爸还是不停地问他问题，最后那个年轻人以微笑回应。A. conclusion结论；B. surprise惊喜；C. power力量；D. response反应。根据上文got the young man to smile in可知父亲得到了年轻人的微笑作为回应。in response“作为回应”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一直这样对待那个残疾人，直到他被叫回医生的办公室。A. confident自信的；B. disabled残疾的；C. nervous紧张的；D. disturbed扰乱的。上文提到年轻人既不能说话，也不能移动他的手臂和头部，是个残疾人。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后那个年轻人的父亲走过来，握着我父亲的手说：“谢谢你和我儿子说话，大多数人看到他都会转过身去。”A. shook摇晃；B. struck打击；C. rubbed擦；D. scratched抓挠。根据后文my dad’s hand可知是握着父亲的手。shake hands“握手”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后那个年轻人的父亲走过来，握着我父亲的手说：“谢谢你和我儿子说话，大多数人看到他都会转过身去。”A. sticking坚持；B. opening打开；C. speaking说话；D. reacting反应。根据上文my dad still kept asking him questions可知父亲一直问年轻人问题，和年轻人说话。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听了他的话，我意识到父亲对说话的热爱可能会影响到别人。A. love喜欢，爱；B. way方法；C. content目录；D. tone语气。结合第一段中He could really talk to any person可知父亲和每个人都交谈，是个喜欢说话的人。故选A。
【答案】36 which
37. automatically
38. more comfortable
39. preferences
40. your 41. to
42. what 43. to sleep
44. innovations
45. before
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了未来智能家居给生活带来的便利。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些事情经常发生在我们身上，可能会导致问题。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句指代的事情，从句中缺乏主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，智能家居将自动锁门并关闭电视。副词automatically作状语，修饰动词lock和switch off。故填automatically。
【38题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这些智能家居将为我们提供比现在更舒适的环境。结合than可知，用形容词比较级more comfortable作定语，修饰名词environment。故填more comfortable。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：你的家会了解你的日常生活和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。该空用名词作宾语，preference表“喜好”，是可数名词，此处用复数名词表泛指。故填preferences。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，当你一进门，灯光就会随着你最喜欢的音乐立即亮起。从句主语是you，用形容词性物主代词your，修饰favourite music。故填your。
【41题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：所有的控制都会响应语音命令，所以你只要说出你想要的，家庭系统就会服从。固定搭配respond to (响应)。故填to。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：所有的控制都会响应语音命令，所以你只要说出你想要的，家庭系统就会服从。该空引导宾语从句，从句中缺乏宾语，意为“……的东西”，用连接代词what。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，它还会给你关于健康饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。“特殊疑问词+to do”作介词on的宾语，该空用不定式形式。故填to sleep。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：许多这些新的创新已经存在，并在一些家庭中使用。由these修饰，用可数名词innovation的复数形式。故填innovations。
【45题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：尽管如此，大多数新家庭还需要几年时间才能开始使用这项新技术。固定句型 It will take/takes some time before...(在……之前要花一段时间)。故填before。
46.【答案】Dear Jim,
I am glad to learn that you would like to exercise to keep fit. I believe running is the best choice. My reasons are as follows.
First of all, the physical benefits from running have long been recognized as it helps increase the body’s flow of blood and oxygen, which thus strengthens the immune system and reduces the risk of diseases. What’s more, running can certainly become a long-term hobby, since it takes only a pair of running shoes and can easily and flexibly be added to your schedule. Last but not least, running can improve one’s mood and particularly provide relief from pain or tension. Therefore, you can also achieve mental well-being if you take up running as a hobby. All in all, I’d like to recommend running as a sport that you can do regularly.
Why not give it a try? Just put on your trainers and get started. Then keep going. I am sure you will get a lot out of running.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向英国朋友Jim推荐一种健身运动并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先，最重要的是：First of all→ above all
增强，加强：strengthen→ build up
减少：reduce→ go down
提供：provide→ supply/offer
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：Last but not least, running can improve one’s mood and particularly provide relief from pain or tension.
拓展句：Last but not least, not only can running improve one’s mood but also particularly provide relief from pain or tension.
【点睛】[高分句型1 ] First of all, the physical benefits from running have long been recognized as it helps increase the body’s flow of blood and oxygen, which thus strengthens the immune system and reduces the risk of diseases.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2 ] Therefore, you can also achieve mental well-being if you take up running as a hobby. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
[高分句型3 ]All in all, I’d like to recommend running as a sport that you can do regularly. (运用了that引导定语从句)

参考答 案

单词填空
1. recycle 2. otherwise 3. analysis 4. current 5. sufficient 6. shallow 7. launch 8. mankind 9. Solar 10. beyond
语法填空
1. argument 2.in. 3. regularly 4. To keep 5. leaving 6. left 7. left 8.Turn 9. turn 10.Turning
10.discussed 11.to improve 12. to come to go 13. to find 1 4. to live 15. stuck 1 6. taken 17. updated
18. goes
完成句子
1. My parents attach great importance to good education
2. Mary is one of the students who were choosen to take part in activities.
3. He is the first person to launch the rocket.
4. Failing in the exam made her very disappointed.
课文语法填空
1. on 2. Launched 3. an 4. flying 5. after 6. distance 7. successfully
8. to carry 9. is scheduled 10.its
基础自测
知识1重点词汇
A
1. intelligent; intelligence 2. universe; universal 3. determine; determined; determination
4. agency; agent 5. disappointed; disappoint; disappointment 6. independent; independently
B
1. disappointed 2. astronauts 3. vehicles 4. determined 5. has launched 6. mental
7. intelligent 8. gravity 9. universe 10. independently 11. data 12. desire
13. signal 14. procedure 15. mankind
知识2高频短语
1. is related to 2. on board 3. are curious about 4. focus on 5. in the hope of
6. so as to 7. carry on 8. make progress 9. graduating from 10. led to
知识3 句式结构
句式结构1
1. This is because 2. This is because 3. That is why
4. The reason why he didn’t accept the job was that the company was too far away from home.
句式结构2
1. not only enable us to understand; but also
2. but(also)build up our bodies and enrich our knowledge
3. Not only should we raise money for them
4. am interested in
能力提升
题目Ⅰ
1. intelligence 2. managing 3. to help 4. determined 5. disappointment
6. exploration 7. launched 8. independence 9. in 10. that
题目Ⅱ
1. to broaden my horizons as well as improve my spoken English
2. If you carry on studying hard, much more progress will be made in the near future./If you carry on with your study,you will make much more progress in the near future.
3. enough to finish the job well
4. to realize my dream to become
5. The reason why he didn’t pass the exam was that he was too careless.









答 案
基础自测
点词汇
A
1. intelligent; intelligence 2. universe; universal 3. determine; determined; determination
4. agency; agent 5. disappointed; disappoint; disappointment 6. independent; independently
B
1. disappointed 2. astronauts 3. vehicles 4. determined 5. has launched 6. mental
7. intelligent 8. gravity 9. universe 10. independently 11. data 12. desire
13. signal 14. procedure 15. mankind
知识2高频短语
1. is related to 2. on board 3. are curious about 4. focus on 5. in the hope of
6. so as to 7. carry on 8. make progress 9. graduating from 10. led to
知识3 句式结构
句式结构1
1. This is because 2. This is because 3. That is why
4. The reason why he didn’t accept the job was that the company was too far away from home.
句式结构2
1. not only enable us to understand; but also
2. but(also)build up our bodies and enrich our knowledge
3. Not only should we raise money for them
4. am interested in
能力提升
题目Ⅰ
1. intelligence 2. managing 3. to help 4. determined 5. disappointment
6. exploration 7. launched 8. independence 9. in 10. that
题目Ⅱ
1. to broaden my horizons as well as improve my spoken English
2. If you carry on studying hard, much more progress will be made in the near future./If you carry on with your study,you will make much more progress in the near future.
3. enough to finish the job well
4. to realize my dream to become
5. The reason why he didn’t pass the exam was that he was too careless.