Unit 3 The world of science【过习题】2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习（外研版2019必修第三册）

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外研版2019必修第三册
Unit 3 The world of science【过习题】
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)（略）
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
　 Pacific Science Center Guide
    Visit Pacific Science Center's Store
    Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.
    Hungry?
    Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.
    Rental Information
    Lockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
    Support Pacific Science Center
    Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.
1. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A.In Building 1. B.In Building 3. C.At the Laser Dome. D.At the Denny Way entrance.
2. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?
A.Train science teachers. B.Distribute science books.
C.Inspire scientific research. D.Take science to the classroom.
3. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?
A.To encourage donations.
B.To advertise coming events.
C.To introduce special exhibits.
D.To tell about the Center's history.

【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了太平洋科学中心并呼吁呼吁人们找到各种各样的方式来支持太平洋科学中心。
（1）考查细节理解。根据  Visit Pacific Science Center's Store部分中的“ The store is located(位于）upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. ”可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据 Support Pacific Science Center部分中的 “Today， Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State ”可知现在 Pacific Science Center每年向130多万人提供服务，并开始把科学教育带到教室。故选D。
（3）考查目的意图。根据最后一段中的 “Visit pacificsdencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.”可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助、做贡献。 故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和目的意图两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
B
Parties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.
At parties, people focus more on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent study from International Data Corporation, over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too many people are using smartphones while driving, and as a result, they get into car crashes. 34 percent of teens admit to text while driving, and they confirm that texting messages is the major interruption while driving. People’s attachment (依恋) to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.
Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly (无谓地) check or send messages in the presence of their friends, which means that their friends are less important. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantages as making new friends in the real world. Face­to­face conversations will give us the chance to improve our communication skills in the long run.
As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The technology shows the achievement weaken the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact face to face, but it is also lowering people’s ability to communicate.
4. The purpose of this text is to ________.
A. call for an end to the use of the smartphone while driving
B. appeal to us to pay attention to communication skills
C. express a concern about the overuse of the smartphone
D. advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone
5. The second paragraph is developed by ________.
A. giving examples
B. listing figures
C. comparing facts
D. analyzing the effects
6. The author advocates making new friends ________.
A. by using smartphones
B. in a face­to­face way
C. in different ways
D. under a free circumstance
7. Too much dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that ________.
A. parties and gatherings limit people’s social circle
B. people are more and more narrow­minded
C. People’s communication skills are weakened
D. face­to­face communication becomes less important
4.【答案】C
【解析】写作意图题。本文通过描述人们在社交场合或开车时埋头使用手机这一现象，提出了这一现象背后值得思考的话题：手机的过度使用影响到了人们的日常生活和交流，因此选C。
5.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。第二段讲述人们使用手机的情况，比如在聚会上使用手机，以及青少年开车时使用手机发短信的具体事例，因此该段是通过给出一系列的例子来阐述观点的。因此选A。
6.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。作者在第三段的结尾说“Face-to-face conversations will give us the chance to improve our communication skills in the long run.”，因此选B。
7.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。最后一段谈到人们埋头使用手机的坏处是“lowering people's ability to communicate”，C项是对该信息的转述，因此选C。
C
When Gitanjali Rao was 11, she invented equipment that quickly detects(检测) lead in water. She became the youngest ever winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge.
In 2016, the news was full of stories about dangerous drinking water in Flint, Michigan. The water had too much lead in it. Lead is a metal that can cause health problems when people eat or drink it.
There was home test equipment that could detect lead in water. But these tests didn't work very well. They took too long and often gave wrong results. Gitanjali wondered if she could create a test that was quick, easy, and right.
One day, Gitanjali read a news story about using carbon nanotubes(纳米管) to test for poison in the air. The nanotubes were coated with a chemical that stuck to the poison. When the poison stuck, it changed the way electricity flowed through the tubes. Scientists could measure the electric flow to see how much poison was in the air. Gitanjali wondered if she could use the same way to detect lead in water.
She e-mailed a chemistry teacher at her local school. They didn't have a fancy lab, but it was good enough for Gitanjali to test whether her detector could sense lead at all. They started by testing clean water. The electricity meter jumped all over the place. Gitanjali learned how to adjust it. Next they added tiny spoons of lead. After many, many tries—her detector worked.
Then Gitanjali made a phone app so users could use the results instantly on their phones. She entered her idea in a big national competition. When she was picked for the semi-finals, she was assigned an advisor to help her work on her equipment. And—she won!
Gitanjali's next goal is to sell her equipment in stores and make versions that test for different kinds of pollution. She is also very interested in genetics(遗传学).
8.What caused Gitanjali to be the winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge?
A. Her phone app of detecting lead in the air.
B. Her new discovery of lead in water.
C. Her equipment of detecting lead in water.
D. Her new ideas of finding lead in the air.
9.Where did Gitanjali get the inspiration of her invention?
A. From the 2016 news.
B. From the news story she read.
C. From a chemistry teacher.
D. From a chemistry lesson.
10.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The place.
B. Her detector.
C. The quantity of lead in water.
D. The electricity meter.
11.Which words can be used to describe Gitanjali?
A. Determined and creative.
B. Hard-working and outgoing.
C. Confident and devoted.
D. Energetic and sincere.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个11岁的女孩发明了一个能快速检测出水中是否含有铅的设备。
8.C　细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“When Gitanjali Rao was 11, she invented equipment that quickly detects(检测) lead in water. She became the youngest…”可知,因为Gitanjali发明了能快速检测出水中是否含有铅的设备,所以她成为该奖项的获得者。故选C项。
9.B　细节理解题。 根据第四段中的“One day, Gitanjali read a news story about using carbon nanotubes(纳米管) to test for poison in the air…Gitanjali wondered if she could use the same way to detect lead in water.”可知,Gitanjali是从她阅读的一篇新闻报道中得到的发明灵感。故选B项。
10.D　代词指代题。根据上文的“The electricity meter jumped all over the place.”可知,该代词指代的是上文的the electricity meter。故选D项。
11.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When Gitanjali Rao was 11, she invented equipment that quickly detects(检测) lead in water.”可知,Gitanjali是富有创造性的人;又根据第五段中的“After many, many tries—her detector worked.”可知,她尝试了很多次,由此可知她是意志坚定的人。故选A项。
D
The bus stops in the Dutch city of Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical. Now, 316 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city, while also storing rainwater, catching dust, and providing some much-needed shade during the warmer months. This project is good for the honey bee population that is attracted to the plants on the roof. To keep up this successful ecosystem, municipal(市政的)workers drive around in electric cars, taking care of the mini gardens.
Another one of the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality. Smoking, cars, and bacteria all contribute to polluting the air we breathe. These eco-friendly public spaces act as an air purifier for city people, though humans aren't the only group that benefit from them.
Utrecht has also made great efforts towards moving their transportation system away from gas-guzzling(高油耗的)buses. The city replaced 10 gas-guzzling buses with electric-powered buses and plans to have only CO2 inactive buses on the roads by 2028.
The buses have a system that records the driver's efficiency and riders' comfort levels. Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is. The city is also one of the most bicycle-friendly places in the world. Roads have been redesigned for cyclists' convenience and there is a new state-of-the-art 6,000-space bicycle parking area that is located beneath Utrecht's central train station.
Utrecht offers prize money to keep citizens energized and motivated to live greener lives. There are even prize money for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too. Achieving the goals of an eco-friendlier city takes cooperation and Utrecht is leading the way to protect our environment.
12. What is special about the bus stops in Utrecht?
A.They are eco-friendly.
B.They can save a lot of energy.
C.They are artificially-intelligent.
D.They can provide electric power for buses.
13. What can we infer about the changes to the transportation system in Utrecht?
A.Not all buses are gas-guzzling at present.
B.Gas-guzzling cars have been completely replaced.
C.Only electric private cars are allowed on the roads.
D.Buses have air purifiers fixed on them.
14. What might passengers think of the bus service in Utrecht?
A.Buses are always too crowded.
B.Buses are often behind schedule.
C.Buses are too big for redesigned roads.
D.Buses are generally comfortable and safe.
15. What are people living in Utrecht encouraged to do?
A.Give up smoking.
B.Create gardens on their roofs.
C.Paint their roofs green.
D.Buy more honey.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,讲述了乌得勒支的公交车站的屋顶被打造成“绿色屋顶”,这些屋顶非常环保且有益于生态。
12.A　细节理解题。根据第一段“…316 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city, while also storing rainwater, catching dust, and providing some much-needed shade during the warmer months.”可知,316个公交车站以绿色屋顶为特色,为城市增添了一些活力,同时也储存雨水,捕捉灰尘,并在温暖月份提供一些急需的阴凉。所以这些车站的特殊之处是可以保护环境,是生态友好的。故选A。
13.A　推理判断题。根据第三段“The city replaced 10 gas-guzzling buses with electric-powered buses and plans to have only CO2 inactive buses on the roads by 2028.”(该市将10辆耗油量大的公交车换成了电动公交车,并计划到2028年只让不排放二氧化碳的公交车上路。)可以推断,目前并不是所有的公交车都是高油耗的。故选A。
14.D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is.”可知,司机可以靠安全和舒适程度来赢得奖品。由此推知,乘客可以获得安全和舒适的公交服务。故
选D。
15.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are even prize money for people to transform their roofs into green roofs too.”可知,在乌得勒支人们被鼓励去将屋顶改造成绿色屋顶,即在屋顶打造花园。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
 A science teacher's job is teaching science to his students. A person who decides to become a science teacher may have many career choices available to him. He may decide to work in a primary to teach a range of subjects, including science. ___16_____ Some even choose to earn advanced degrees that allow them to work as college professors.
    ___17_____ They may cover such basic science subjects as biology, chemistry, physics and earth science as well as a full range of other subjects. The subjects a science teacher covers may vary, depending on such factors as where he teaches and the age of the students he's instructing.
    A person who wants to become a science teacher for primary-aged students may find it necessary to teach other subjects in addition to science. ____18____ In such classroom, one teacher may instruct students not only in science but also math, history, language and other subjects.
    At the high school level, science teachers usually have the opportunity to focus on their chosen subject. Typically, teachers at this level are required to earn bachelor's degree in the subjects they want to teach in addition to teaching certifications. ____19____
    College science teachers usually need more advanced degrees to secure their positions. Typically, a full-time science professor needs a doctoral degree in order to do so. ____20____ That is because colleges typically need teachers in basic and highly-specialized courses.
A. Science teachers teach various science concepts.
B. Science teachers are good at answering mysterious questions.
C. Often, college science teachers have a wide range of subjects choices.
D. A deep knowledge in the field of science will help applicants stand out.
E. He may also choose to teach a particular science subject in high school.
F. For example, a high school chemistry teacher usually needs a chemistry degree.
G. Many primary schools hire teachers to teach all the basic subjects in one classroom.
【答案】 E；A；G；F；C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同层次的学校对于教师的资质有不同的要求，不同层次的学校中的老师的工作范畴也有所区别。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“He may decide to work in a primary to teach a range of subjects, including science.”他可能决定在小学工作，教授一系列学科，包括理科；以及空后“Some even choose to earn advanced degrees that allow them to work as college professors.”有些人甚至选择获得高级学位，这样他们可以担任大学教授。可知，E. He may also choose to teach a particular science subject in high school.“他还可以选择在高中教授特定的课程。”能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺，故选E。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“They may cover such basic science subjects as biology, chemistry, physics and earth science as well as a full range of other subjects. ”它们可能涵盖生物学，化学，物理学和地球科学等基础学科，以及其他一系列学科。可知，  A. Science teachers teach various science concepts.“理科老师教各种学科。”能够与下文连接通顺，空后的they指代选项中的various science concepts。故选A。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“A person who wants to become a science teacher for primary-aged students may find it necessary to teach other subjects in addition to science. ”想要成为小学老师的人可能会发现除了教授理科之外还需要教其他学科；以及空后“In such classroom, one teacher may instruct students not only in science　but also math, history, language and other subjects.”在这样的教室里，一位老师不仅可以指导学生的理科课程，还可以指导学生数学，历史，语言和其他学科。可知，G. Many primary schools hire teachers to teach all the basic subjects in one classroom.“许多小学雇用老师在一个教室里教授所有基础课。”能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺，故选G。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Typically, teachers at this level are required to earn bachelor’s degree in the subjects they want to teach in addition to teaching certifications. ”通常，此级别的教师除需要获得教学证书外，还需要获得他们想教的科目的学士学位。可知，F. For example, a high school chemistry teacher usually needs a chemistry degree.“例如，高中化学老师通常需要具有化学学位。”承接上文，这是在为空前的描述举例说明。故选F。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“That is because colleges typically need teachers in basic and highly-specialized courses. ”这是因为大学通常需要基础课程和高度专业化课程的老师。可知，C. Often, college science teachers have a wide range of subjects choices.“通常，大学理科老师有多种学科选择。”能够与下文连接通顺，空后在解释大学理科老师有多种学科选择的原因。故选C。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、完形填空(本题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I have invented robots that crawl(爬)through pipes to check them for damage. Two of my　21　allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels. My love of building things　22　when I was a kid. It wasn't until I leaned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became excited about inventing. 
When I was in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a　23　. We had to write to a company and learn about the　24　it made. Each student would then give a report in front of the class. I　25　the Thomas A.Edison Company.  
Soon after I wrote to the company, our mailman　26　a package to me. It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I　27　reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that impressed me most were movies, recorded sound and the electric light. Edison became my hero. 
My dad noticed my interest in inventing and　28　me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.  
Together, my dad and I repaired radios and televisions. Once, I surprised my dad with a　29　I made to adjust the brakes(刹车)of our car. Later, we found a similar tool in a store. That's when I learned that　30　inventors often invent similar things. It is not　31　for this to happen. I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.　32　is a common part of the inventing process.  
As my father and I worked together, I began to　33　that my dad was quite an inventor himself. His guiding hands, combined with my　34　in inventing, led me to become an engineer and inventor. But I am　35　to Thomas Edison, too, for first lighting that bulb(电灯泡)inside me. 
21.A.approaches　　 B.experiments C.inventions　　 D.conclusion
22.A.died　　 B.began C.fade　　 D.won
23.A.project　　 B.lesson C.surprise　　 D.present
24.A.decisions　　 B.products C.orders　　 D.accounts
25.A.joined　　 B.owned C.started　　 D.chose
26.A.opened　　 B.offered C.delivered　　 D.lent
27.A.enjoyed　　 B.minded C.avoided　　 D.hated
28.A.stopped　　 B.blamed C.controlled　　 D.encouraged
29.A.tool　　 B.promise C.mistake　　 D.trick
30.A.young　　 B.different C.great　　 D.real
31.A.reasonable　　 B.improper C.practical　　 D.unusual
32.A.Imagination　　 B.Failure C.Happiness　　 D.Wealth
33.A.hope　　 B.suggest C.realize　　 D.consider
34.A.honor　　 B.difficulty C.experience　　 D.interest
35.A.grateful　　 B.polite C.related　　 D.equal
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。作者从小对发明感兴趣,通过做学习课题任务,他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下,他最终成了一名发明家。
21.C　我的两项发明可以让汽车成为车轮上的动力装置。根据第一句中的“have invented robots”及下文内容可以看出inventions在此处符合语境。approach方法;experiment试验;invention发明;conclusion结论。
22.B　我对创造东西的热爱始于我还是个孩子的时候。根据本空后的“when I was a kid”可知,此处指从孩子时“开始的”。 die死;begin开始;fade变淡;win赢得。
23.A　当我四年级的时候,我们的老师给了我们一个课题。根据下文可知,这是学校里老师分配给学生做的课题。project课题,项目;lesson教训,功课;surprise惊讶;present礼物。
24.B　我们必须写信给一家公司,了解他们生产的产品。根据下文作者收到的包裹里有“movies, recorded sound and the electric light”可知此处指了解公司产品。decision决定;product产品;order顺序,命令;account记述,描述。
25.D　我选择了Thomas A. Edison公司。根据本段内容可知,我们要了解公司产品,然后在班级里做报告,因此我“选择”了这家公司。join加入,参加;own拥有;start开始;choose选择。
26.C　我写信给公司后不久,邮递员给我送了一个包裹。由mailman可知delivered符合语境,指“邮递员派送包裹”。 open打开;offer提供;deliver递送;lend借出。
27.A　我是多么喜欢阅读和重读有关他的发明的故事啊!作者非常崇拜爱迪生,因此喜欢阅读有关爱迪生的发明的书。enjoy喜爱;mind介意;avoid避开;hate厌恶。
28.D　我爸爸注意到我对发明的兴趣并鼓励我。根据下文“He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and, finally into new things.”可推测爸爸鼓励作者继续发明。stop停止;blame责备;control控制;encourage鼓励。
29.A　有一次,我用我自己做的一个调整刹车的工具给了我爸爸一个惊喜。根据下文“Later, we found a similar tool in a store.”可知我们在商店发现了类似的工具,因此此处指“工具”。tool工具;promise许诺;mistake错误;trick诡计。
30.B　那时我才知道,不同的发明家经常发明类似的东西。young年轻的;different不同的;great伟大的;real真的。
31.D　这种情况并不罕见。作者在学习发明的过程中了解到,不同的发明家发明类似的东西,这种情况很常见。reasonable合情合理的;improper不正确的;practical切合实际的;unusual不寻常的。
32.B　失败是发明过程中常见的一部分。根据上一句“I learned, too, that not all great ideas work.”可知不是所有的很棒的想法都能实现,因此failure符合语境。imagination想象;failure失败;happiness幸福; wealth财富。
33.C　当父亲和我一起工作时,我开始意识到我父亲自己也是一个发明家。hope希望;suggest建议;realize意识到;consider考虑。
34.D　有了他的指导,加上我对发明的兴趣,我成了一名工程师和发明家。根据文章开头的讲述可知,作者从小就对发明感兴趣。honor荣誉;difficulty困难;experience经验,经历;interest兴趣。
35.A　但我也很感谢托马斯·爱迪生,是他第一次点亮了我内心的那盏灯。grateful感激的;polite有礼貌的;related有关系的;equal平等的。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 （1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Wandering Earth is a Chinese science fiction movie, ___36_____ is based on the novel of ____37____ same name by Liu Cixin, and was released on February 5, 2019, the Chinese New Year's Day.
    After learning the sun is dying out, people all around the world feel ____38____ (frighten),
    so they build giant planet thrusters (星球推进器) __39______ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ___40_____ to a new star system. The 2500 years' journey comes with unexpected dangers, but in order to save humanity, a group of young people come out bravely and fight hard for everyone's _____41___ (survive).
    We ____42____ (impress) to see the theme of this film. It doesn't particularly show somebody's ability to save our world ____43____ shows all the human beings are working together, ___44_____ (spare) no effort to save this world.
    The Wandering Earth is seen by people as the dawn(开端) of Chinese science fiction movies. It means that China's sci-fi movies have ____45____ (official) set sail.
参考答案
1.【答案】 which；the；frightened；to move；it；survival；are impressed；but；sparing；officially
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《流浪地球》这部电影的主要内容和意义。
（1）考查定语从句。______ is based on the novel of ___2___ same name by Liu Cixin是非限制性定语从句，修饰a Chinese science fiction movie，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导该从句，故填which。
（2）考查冠词。句意：《流浪地球》是一部中国科幻电影，改编自刘慈欣的同名小说。same常和定冠词the连用，故填the。
（3）考查形容词。句意：在得知太阳正在消失后，世界各地的人们都感到很害怕。feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。表示"（人）害怕的"，故填frightened。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。______ ( move ) the earth out of its orbit and sail ___5___ to a new star system.是"人们建造行星推进器"的目的，表目的，用动词不定式。故填to move。
（5）考查代词。句意：所以他们建造了巨大的行星推进器，把地球从轨道上移开，把它带到一个新的恒星系统。该空作sail的宾语，指代the earth，应用it。故填it。
（6）考查名词。此处作介词for的宾语，应用名词。且空前有everyone's（所有人的）修饰。故填survival。
（7）考查时态语态。impres"给……留下印象"，主语we和impress之间是被动关系，该句用被动语态。且根据上下文，该句应用一般现在时态。故填are impressed。
（8）考查连词。句意：它并没有特别显示某个人拯救世界的能力，而是显示了所有人都在一起努力，不遗余力地挽救这个世界。not…but…固定短语，"不是……而是……"，故填but。
（9）考查非谓语动词。______ (spare) no effort to save this world是状语，主语all the human beings和spare no efforts之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填sparing。
（10）考查副词。句意：《流浪地球》被人们视为中国科幻电影的开山之作。这意味着中国的科幻电影已经正式启航。该空修饰动词短语set sail，应用副词。故填officially。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，冠词，形容词，非谓语动词，代词，名词，时态语态，连词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
化学课上学习了关于溶解的知识后， 请你根据下表做一个化学实验， 比较橘子汁和食用油在水中的溶解情况， 然后用英语写一份词数80左右的实验报告， 给出结论。
实验目的
观察橘子汁和食用油这两种物质是否溶解于水
实验器材
试管； 小勺(spoon)
实验方法
1.将水分别注入两个试管中， 并确保水位相等；
2．把两种物质分别放在装有水的两个试管中；
3．5分钟后观察反应
实验结果
橘子汁溶解(dissolve)了， 食用油没有任何反应

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审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
说明文
话题
实验报告
时态
一般现在时
人称
第三人称
词句准备
1．词汇
①实验的目的 the aim/the purpose of the experiment
②查明 find out
③把……倒入…… pour...into...
④相等的 equal
⑤同时 at the same time
⑥五分钟后 five minutes later
2．句式
①五分钟后， 橘子汁已经溶解了， 但食用油仍保留在表面上。
普通表达： After five minutes, the orange juice has dissolved, but the oil remains on the surface.
高级表达：___________________________________________________________________________
(用高级词汇later, however改写上面的句子)
【答案】Five minutes later, the orange juice has dissolved. However, the oil remains on the surface.
②橘子汁很快溶解了， 食用油没有任何反应。
普通表达： Orange juice dissolves in water quickly. Oil is hard to dissolve in water.
高级表达：____________________________________________________________________________
(用while把上面的句子改写成并列句)
【答案】Orange juice dissolves in water quickly while oil is hard to dissolve in water.
课堂练笔
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Aim: To find out whether orange juice and oil dissolve in water.
Apparatus: test tubes; spoons
Method: Pour water into two test tubes. Make sure the water level is equal in either tube. Put a spoonful of orange juice into one tube, and a spoonful of oil into the other. Put them into the tubes at the same time; leave the tubes for five minutes.
Result: Five minutes later, the orange juice has dissolved. However, the oil remains on the surface.
Conclusion: Orange juice dissolves in water quickly while oil is hard to dissolve in water.
第二节(满分25分)
47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
    Until last year, the saddest thing of my life was that my wife Alice and I had no children. So we always invited all the children in our street to our house for Christmas breakfast.
    Last year, Alice died. I was very sad and decided not to invite the children for Christmas breakfast. But Kathy and Peter, my next door neighbors, asked me to join them for dinner on Christmas Eve.
    As soon as I arrived, Kathy asked me," Do you have any milk at your house?" "Yes," I replied. "If you need some, I'll go and get it right away."
    "Oh, that's OK. Come and sit down* Just give Peter the key and let him get it." said Kathy. Then I soon joined in the children's laughing and running. Before I knew it, Peter came back with a bottle of milk in his hand.
    The smell of the meal filled the room. We sat together and enjoyed the wonderful moment. Time flew between jokes. After a happy dinner, I said goodbye to them. With colorful and beautiful holiday lights shining outside, I headed home.
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为80左右；
2）至少使用3个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
    When I opened my door, I could hardly believe my eyes. ________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.
Mr Brown lived in a house less than two miles from his office, so he was able to drive home every day for lunch. Every time he drove home at noon, he found many cars were parked outside his house and there was no room for his own car. He had to drive somewhere else to park his car. Then he had to walk back home. This made him very angry.
He had put up a board, which said, "No parking" in the garden facing the road, but nobody noticed it. People seemed to obey (遵守) only a police notice, but not a private one. There were no parked cars where there was a blue board with letters on it：Police Notice—No Parking!
Mrs Brown suggested that he could steal a police notice. He dared not, being afraid of going to prison. She then suggested that he could make one just like a police notice. He said he was not a policeman and couldn't use the word "police". Several days later, Mr Brown made a blue board with white letters：Polite_Notice—No Parking!
"Oh!" Mrs Brown said, "You told me you weren't going to use the word "police", but why do you use it now？""Really？" he asked, "Look again." She started to laugh. "You are really clever."
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Why did Mrs Brown say her husband was really clever? __________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2：
If the police discovered that the Browns were using a police notice. ______________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】   
When I opened my door, I could hardly believe my eyes. In the living room was a large Christmas tree, with bells jingling and lights flashing. Under the tree were gift boxes, the biggest of which was from Peter. Inside was a pair or black woolen gloves that had always been what I wanted. A beautifully hand-painted Christmas card was hanging on the tree. I opened it immediately and it said:" We all love you! Be happy! From your loved children." This moment a wave of warmth came over my heart. What a special Christmas!
【解析】本题是是一篇读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者的妻子去世后，作者便不再开始邀请孩子们吃圣诞早餐，但是邻居凯西和彼得邀请了作者和他们一起吃圣诞晚餐。作者吃完了晚餐朝家走去。续写部分的开头是：当我打开门时，我几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。所以后文应该是讲述作者看到家里的情景，孩子们为作者的家布置了圣诞树，送给了作者许多的礼物和手绘圣诞卡。一股暖流涌上作者的心头，作者感到这是一次非常特别的圣诞节。1.所续写短文的词数应为80左右；2.至少使用3个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。写作时注意运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。审题时注意时态的选择，描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：In the living room was a large Christmas tree, with bells jingling and lights flashing. 运用了倒装句；Under the tree were gift boxes, the biggest of which was from Peter. 运用了倒装句和非限制性定语从句；Inside was a pair or black woolen gloves that had always been what I wanted. 运用了限制性定语从句和表语从句； What a special Christmas! 运用了感叹句。