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Unit 1 Nature in the Balance 重点语法Grammar 省略-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(牛津译林版2020必修第三册)
展开Unit 1 Nature in the Balance
重点语法 省略
一、单项选择
1.Though ________ of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields .
A.to be warned B.warning C.warn D.warned
2.Look around when ____ the street.
A.cross B.crossing C.be crossing D.to be crossing
3.When _________ to the local cultures, people learn the foreign languages better.
A.exposing B.having exposed C.are exposed D.exposed
4.The doctor threw himself from the horse, as if ________.
A.to be shot B.shooting C.shot D.to be shooting
5.You can’t be careful enough while ________the street.
A.crossing B.crossed C.to cross D.crossed
6.When ________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
A.compare B.compared C.comparing D.having compared
7.If ________ more time , we would have done the work better.
A.gave B.giving C.give D.given
8.If ________, I will sign up to take the training class tomorrow.
A.necessary B.is necessary C.it necessary D.to necessary
9.In the lecture, little Jack kept silent all the time unless _________ to express his opinion.
A.he invited B.invited C.he is invited D.being invited
10.While ________ with his teammates, he hurt his leg.
A.competed B.compete C.competing D.to compete
11.When ________which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week, 48% said listening to music.
A.asked B.asking C.being asked D.having asked
12.If ________to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A.ask B.asking C.asked D.to ask
13.Once ________above 100 centigrade, water can become vapour.
A.heating B.heated C.to heat D.to be heated
14.The new machine, if ________ properly, will work at least ten years.
A.use B.using C.being used D.used
15.As ________, we will gather at the foot of Baiyun Mountain near our school at 8:00 am this Saturday.
A.scheduling B.schedules C.scheduled D.to schedule
16.— How are they getting on with their work?
—All goes well as ________.
A.to be planned B.being planned C.planning D.planned
17.It is difficult to command a new skill, but once ________, it will benefit you for the rest of your life.
A.obtaining B.obtained C.to obtain D.is obtained
18.While ________ in the street, he came across his old friend.
A.to walk B.walking C.walked D.he walk
19.You should keep silent and be modest unless_________to speak.
A.permitted B.permitting C.to permit D.having permitted
20.If ________ promptly and properly, some cancers are highly curable.
A.treated B.being approached C.aiding D.having been solved
21.Once, while ______ overnight at a store, he let a homeless man sleep in his truck.
A.worked B.working C.works D.to work
22.When ________ for his views about his job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A.asking B.asked C.to ask D.having asked
23.Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in
24.When _________ to your Chinese friend’s home, you’d better arrive on time or a little earlier.
A.being invited B.inviting C.invited D.to be invited
25.While ________ in the classroom, I was nervous about my unfinished schoolwork.
A.sat B.I sat C.sitting D.was sitting
26.If ________ in danger, please calm down and shout for help immediately.
A.trapped B.trapping C.having trapped D.to be trapped
27.Unless ________ to speak, most college students here prefer remaining silent in class.
A.having invited B.inviting C.invited D.being invited
28.When ________, the new stadium will hold 50,000 people.
A.completing B.completed C.be completed D.having completed
29.Though________ of the danger, the old man still went into the jungle alone, with only a dog alongside.
A.warning B.to warn C.warn D.warned
30.Though________ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.
A.surprising B.to surprise C.being surprised D.surprised
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
31.Although___________(face) with all kinds of difficulties, he never wanted to give up.
32.Though still ______(practice) today, the tea ceremony may not be as popular as it used to be.
33.Anyone, once _____ (test) positive for Ebola, the deadly disease, will receive free medical treatment from the government.
34.Though not ________(know) to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.
35.Some medicine, if wrongly ______(take), can kill a person.
36.Children are not permitted to enter the stadium unless ________(accompany) by parents.
37.If______(ask) to look after luggage someone else, inform the police at once.
38.Once_____________(touch), the leaves of the plant start to shut together.
39.This isn't as hard as it sounds, and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while___________(read)an interesting piece of literature.
40.Medical errors and various infections, if _________(combine), will be the third leading cause of death in the world.
41.While ______(walk)the dog, I was careless and it got loose and was hit by a running car.
42.The new technology, if ___________(apply) to farming, will help increase the grain output.
43.If ___________ (breath) in, they can result in serious disease like lung cancer.
44.The children, although not________(relate) to us by blood, had become as dear to us as our own.
45.Once, while _________(work) overnight at a store, he let a homeless man sleep in his truck.
46.If __________ (accept) for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
47.When _________(compare) with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
48.When ____________ (expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling nervous or anxious.
49.He cleared his throat as if ______ (say) something.
50.Once___________ (pour), water can’t be taken back.
51.While________(give) concerts, the master musician composes music and recites poetry.
52.When __________(compare)with the other members of the team, I am at a disadvantage.
53.He looked backward constantly as if _________(follow) by someone.
54.She won’t go to Tom’s party unless _______ (invite) .
55.While __________(wait) for the bus,he met an old friend.
56.When________(cross) the road, you can not be too careful.
57.After ________ (take) before dinner, the medicine should be put beyond your son’s reach.
58.Although________ (beat) by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart and encouraged each other.
59.He stopped and looked around as if ________ (see) whether he went in the right direction.
60.We can't carry on the experiment unless __________ (give) enough money.
61.While __________ (wait) for the bus , I was reading a magazine.
62.She gave me a comforting smile, nodded while________(listen) patiently.
63.These flowers will die unless ________ (water) every day.
64.Though ________ (warn) of the danger, Jack still went swimming in the lake.
65.While __________(discuss) the plan, they found it practical.
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料,在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。
As we know, calligraphy is the essence of Chinese traditional culture.
When it comes to calligraphy, Chinese people must associate it with Wang Xizhi, ____66____ Chinese writer and an official who lived during the Eastern Jin dynasty. But he was best known as the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, ____67____ (tradition) considered to be the Sage of Calligraphy. Wang ____68____ (refer) to as the greatest Chinese calligrapher in history and is a master of all forms of Chinese calligraphy, especially skilled in Xingshu, ____69____ features connections between individual characters and slightly shortened forms. All his lifetime he produced a large number of works of calligraphy, but to our regret, up to now, the majority of his original works ____70____ (destroy) or lost.
Of all the powerful works of Wang Xizhi, ____71____ is most familiar to us is the masterpiece Lantingji Xu. The classic article describes a gathering of forty-two Chinese famous poets and ____72____ (write) including Xie An and Sun Chuo. And Lantingji Xu is made up____73____ 324 Chinese characters in 28 lines. It seems ____74____(amaze) that the Chinese character zhi (之) appears 17 times, _____75_____ no two characters look the same.
参考答案:
1.D
【详解】考查省略。句意:虽然农民们已被警告将有暴风雨,但农民们仍在地里干活。根据汉语提示“虽然农民们已被警告将有暴风雨”,可知用Though warned of the storm=Though they were warned of the storm. 由于从句的主语和主句的主语一致,所以省略主语和be动词。故选D。
2.B
【详解】考查时间状语从句的省略。句意:过马路时四处看看。当时间,条件,让步状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,且含有be动词,可以省略从句中的“主语+be动词”。本题中还原时间状语从句应该是when you are crossing the street,可以省略you are。故选B。
3.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当接触到当地文化时,人们会更好地学习外语。此处是状语从句的省略,从句主语和主句主语people一致,和动词expose之间是被动关系,故完整形式为When people are exposed to the local cultures,当状语从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时,可将从句主语和be动词省略。故选D项。
4.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:医生从马背上跳了下来,好像中弹了。分析句子可知,the doctor和动词shoot之间是动宾关系,即“被打中”。后半句是as if he was shot。主句的主语和从句主语一致,且从句谓语动词是be动词,可省略从句的主语和谓语,故填shot,A项to be shot表示“将要被打中”,B项shooting表示主动关系,故选C项。
5.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:过马路时再小心也不为过。分析句子可知,本句为状语从句的省略,在状语从句中,如果主句主语和从句主语为同一主语时,从句可以省略主语和系动词,所以从句省略了you are,从句表示“你正在穿过马路”,应用现在进行时,所以本句还原后为:You can’t be careful enough while you are crossing the street。故选A项。
6.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词,或者省略主语it和be动词。结合句意,分析子可知,“When ________ different cultures”是时间状语从句,原句为“When we are comparing different cultures”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略we are后,应保留现在分词comparing。故选C。
7.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果给我们更多的时间,我们会把工作做得更好。A.gave给(过去式);B. giving给(动名词或现在分词);C. give给;D.given给(过去分词)。本句为状语从句的省略,还原后为:If we were given, 省略了we were。故选D。
8.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果有必要,我明天就报名参加培训班。if necessary是固定的省略结构,表示“如果有必要的话”。故选A。
9.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:在演讲中,小杰克一直保持沉默,除非被邀请发表他的意见。分析句子成分和句子结构可知,unless在句中引导条件状语从句,从句主语与主句主语一致,为Jack,分析句意再结合主句谓语动词 kept 可知,从句要使用一般过去时的被动语态,即unless he was invited,当从句主语与主句主语一致时,从句中的主语和be动词可以省略,所以he was 可省略。故选B项。
10.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:在与队友比赛时,他伤了腿。在when, while, if, as if, though (或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词,或者省略从句主语it和be动词。结合句意,分析子可知,“While ________ with his teammates”是时间状语从句,原句为“While he was competing with his teammates”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略he was后,保留现在分词competing。故选C项。
11.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及哪项活动在一周内最难放弃时,48%的人说听音乐。分析可知,本句为状语从句的省略。还原后为:48% was asked,省略了48% was 。故选A。
12.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果有人要你照看一下行李,立即报警。主句inform the police at once是祈使句,隐含的主语是you;If引导的状语从句主语和主句主语一致,ask和主语you之间是被动关系,完整形式是If you are asked to look after luggage for someone else,状语从句含有be动词且主从句主语一致,可省略从句主语和be动词 。故选C项。
13.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:水一旦被加热到100摄氏度以上,就会变成蒸汽。当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词;本句为状语从句的省略,还原后为:Once water is heated,主语和is被省略。故选B项。
14.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这台新机器,如果使用得当,至少可以用十年。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词。结合句意和选项,分析子可知,“if ________ properly”是条件状语从句,原句为 “if the new machine is used properly”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略the new machine is后,应保留过去分词used。故填used。
15.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:按照计划,我们这周六上午8点在白云山脚下集合。根据句子分析可知,we will gather at the foot of Baiyun Mountain near our school at 8:00 am this Saturday,as引导状语从句,完整的句式应该是“as it is scheduled”,表示这件事情“被安排”,所以要用被动be scheduled,省略从句中的it is,故为as scheduled。故选C。
16.D
【详解】考查方式状语从句的省略。句意:——他们的工作进展地怎么样?——一切都按计划进行,非常顺利。分析可知,此处为as引导的方式状语从句的省略,完整的句子为as it is planned,从句中的it is通常被省略。故选D。
【点睛】
17.B
【详解】考查省略。句意:这是个很难掌握的技巧,但一旦被掌握,将对你的余生有好处。此处为once引导的状语从句的省略,完整形式为: once it is obtained,主从句主语一致,省略从句的主语和be。故选B项。
18.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当他走在大街上,他偶遇了他的老朋友。当时间、条件、让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词;此处while引导的完整句子为“While he was walking in the street”,句子省略了主语he和be动词,此处应用现在分词。故选B项。
19.A
【详解】考查省略句。句意:除非允许你说话,否则你应该保持沉默和谦虚。在unless引导的时间状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为unless you are permitted to speak,相当于省略了you are。故选A。
20.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果及时恰当地治疗,有些癌症的治愈率很高。在状语从句中,从句的主语和主句主语一致,且从句中用了be动词,可以省略从句的主语和be动词。分析可知,逗号前的内容为条件状语从句的省略,其完整句式为:If some cancers are treated promptly,从句的主语和主句主语一致,也用了be动词,所以此处省略了some cancers are,结合选项,选项A符合题意,故选A。
21.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:有一次,他在一家商店通宵工作,让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里。本句为状语从的省略,还原后为:while he was working , 因主从句主语相同,且从句有be 动词,故省略了主语和be动词。故选B项
22.B
【详解】考查省略。句意:当被问及他对他的工作的看法时,Philip说,他觉得这个工作很有趣,很有意义。分析可知空格处是When引导的时间状语从句。完整的句子应该是:When ( he was) asked for his views about his job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.在该状语从句中,从句的主语是he,主句的主语是Philip ,指同一人;且从句中含有was,根据省略的条件,将从句中的he was省略。故选B。
23.C
【详解】考查省略句。句意:尽管缺钱,他父母还是设法送他上了大学。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为让步状语从句,从句主语和主句主语一致,省略了从句主语和be动词,his parents和lack为主动关系,需用现在分词形式,排除A项和D项;lack of意为“缺乏”,该词组中的lack是名词,不能与主语his parents搭配使用;C项中的lack是及物动词,直接加宾语,符合题意。故选C。
24.C
【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意:当你受邀去你的中国朋友家中时,你最好准时到达,或者是早一点。分析句子结构可知,本句使用了时间状语从句的省略,正常表述应为“ When(you are)invited to your Chinese friend’s home”,在时间状语从句中,主句主语与从句主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词,此时可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,故选C项。
25.C
【详解】考查省略。句意:坐在教室里,我对我未完成的作业感到紧张。当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时且谓语动词为 be,常省略从句的主语和 be 动词,即连词while后省略主语I was,是过去进行时,用现在分词。故选C。
26.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果被困在危险中,请冷静下来,立即呼救。本句为状语从句的省略,还原后为: if you are trapped,主从句主语一致,可省略从句的主语和be动词,故选A项。
27.C
【详解】考查省略句。句意:除非被邀请发言,这里的大多数大学生喜欢在课堂上保持沉默。在unless引导的条件状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为“Unless most college students are invited to speak”,相当于省略了most college students are。故选C。
28.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:新体育场建成后将能容纳5万人。A. completing现在分词;B. completed过去分词;C. be completed被动语态;D. having completed现在分词完成式。在状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且从句中包含be的某种形式时,可以省略状语从句的主语和be。根据句意,分析句子可知,“When ________, ”是句中时间状语从句,完整形式为 “When the new stadium is completed”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略“the new stadium is”后为“When completed”。故选B 项。
29.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:尽管被警告有危险,老人仍然独自走进丛林,身边只带着一条狗。though引导的让步状语从句中,当从包主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,本句完整形式为Though he was warned of the danger。故选D。
30.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:教授见到我们虽然很惊讶,但还是热情地欢迎了我们。be surprised to do,对做某事很惊讶,在though引导的让步状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,本句完整形式为:Though he was surprised to see us,相当于省略了he was,故选D。
31.faced
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:尽管面临种种困难,他从未想过放弃。当时间、条件、让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词;本句还原后为Although he was faced with all kinds of difficulties,省略了he was 。故填faced。
32.practiced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然今天仍在实行,但茶道可能不像以前那样受欢迎。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填非谓语动词形式作状语,though引导让步状语从句时,主语与主句主语一致,且谓语动词含有be动词时,可以省略主语和be动词,所以判断practice与句子主语the tea ceremony为被动关系,应该使用过去分词。故填practiced。
33.tested
【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意:任何人一旦对埃博拉这种致命疾病检测呈阳性,都将接受政府的免费医疗。分析句子可知,这里考查状语从句省略,补充完整从句为once he is tested positive for Ebola,当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句主语和be动词。故填tested。
34.known
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:虽然在野外还不知道它们会使用工具,但在笼子里的时候,这些鸟已经证明了它们熟练地使用工具。分析可知,此处为状语从句中的省略,在状语从句中从句的主语和主句的主语相同且有be动词时,需要省略主语和be动词,即完整形式为Though not the birds are known to use tools in the wild。故填known。
35.taken
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:一些药,如果服用不当,可能会致命。根据句子分析可知,本句为状语从句的省略,还原为:if some medicine is wrongly taken,省略了主语和be动词。故填taken。
36.accompanied
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非有父母的陪同,孩子们被允许进入体育馆。unless引导条件状语从句,主从句主语一致,从句含有be动词形式,可省略从句主语和be动词形式,children与accompany是被动关系,从句为unless they are accompanied by parents,省略后为accompanied by parents,故填accompanied。
37.asked
【详解】考查被动语态和省略。句意:如果其他人让你帮忙照看行李,立刻通知警察。分析句子结构,这里是条件状语从句的省略句,“你”和“要求”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,原句为If you are asked to look after luggage someone else, inform the police at once.从句主语与主句主语相同,且含有be动词,可以把从句主语连同be动词一起省略,所以填asked。
38.touched
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:一旦被触摸,这个植物的叶子就开始合拢。此处为once(一旦)引导条件状语从句,完整的从句为:once they are touched。they指代leaves,它与touch构成被动关系,因此从句使用了一般现在时的被动语态,从句的they are可以省略掉。故填touched。
39.reading
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这并不像听起来那么难,而且它比任何其他方法都要好得多,因为你在阅读一篇有趣的文学作品的同时提高了词汇量。在while引导的时间状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,本句的完整形式为:you improve your vocabulary while you are reading an interesting piece of literature,此处相当于省略了you are,故填reading。
40.combined
【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意:医疗失误和各种感染,如果加在一起,将是世界上第三大死因。当状语从句主语与主句主语一致,且含有系动词的时候,我们可以把状语从句主语和系动词一起省略,构成省略句。本句在if后省略了medical errors and various infections are,故填combined。
41.walking
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当遛狗时,我太粗心了,狗带松了,它被一辆正在行驶的汽车撞了。此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略,完整形式为:while I was walking the dog,从句使用的是过去进行时,表示当时动作正在进行,主从句主语一致,且从句中含有be动词,因此从句的主语I和was可以省略。故填walking。
42.applied
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这项新技术如果被应用于农业,将会提高谷物产量。短语be applied to“被应用于”;句子主语the new technology和apply之间是逻辑上的被动关系,if从句完整形式是:if (the new technology is) applied to farming…;在if引导的条件状语从句中,主从句主语一致,从句中有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填applied。
43.breathed
【详解】考查动词的过去分词。句意:如果被吸入,它们会导致肺癌等严重疾病。此处是if引导的省略句,根据主句主语是they,时态是一般现在时,由句意可知从句的主语也是they,此处是省略了if从句的主语和be动词,即If (they are) breathed in。故填breathed。
44.related
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:孩子们虽然和我们没有血缘关系,但对我们来说却像我们自己的孩子一样亲密。本句的完整句子为The children, although the children are not related to us by blood, had become as dear to us as our own.当让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词。故填related。
45.working
【详解】考查省略句。句意:有一次,在一家商店通宵工作时,他让一个无家可归的人在他的卡车上睡觉。分析可知,while引导的时间状语从句进行了省略,完整形式为“while he was working overnight at a store”,如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式(am/is/are/was/were),可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。故填working。
46.accepted
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果你被录用干这份工作的话,你会很快被通知到的。条件状语从句的主语为you, accept和you为被动关系,需要用被动语态,当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句谓语部分有be动词时,状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略,补充完整为If you are accepted for the job,故答案为accepted。
47.compared
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:与整个地球的大小相比,最高的山似乎并不高。 分析句子可知,此句为时间状语从句,完整的从句应为“When the highest mountain is compared with the size of the whole earth”,主从句的主语一致,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,且“be compared with”意为“与……相比较”,是固定搭配。故填compared。
48.exposed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当面临危险和冲突时,男性往往会血压升高,感到紧张或焦虑。分析句子结构和句意可知,be exposed to“暴露于”是固定短语,此处从句的主语与主句一致为men,当从句的主语与主句一致时,且含有be动词,从句的主语和be动词都可以省略,所以空处需用过去分词exposed。故填exposed。
49.to say
【详解】考查非谓语动词和状语从句的省略。句意:他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。设空处为as if引导的方式状语从句,从句主语与主句主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词,故省略了从句主语和be动词,句中表示想要说但还没有说,应用动词不定式表示将来,“be to do”意为“打算做某事”,还原后的句子为“as if he was to say something”。故填to say。
50.poured
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:水一倒就收不回来了。once连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和从句中的be动词。从句陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,故从句完整为Once(water is) poured。故填poured。
51.giving
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:在音乐会上,这位音乐家大师作曲和朗诵诗歌。在while引导的时间状语从句中,从句完整表达是“while the master musician is giving concerts”,从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be的某种形式,可以把从句中的主语和be省略,本句相当于省略了the master musician is,故填giving。
52.compared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。短语be compared with和……相比较,在句中作状语,故用过去分词。句意:和其他队员相比,我处于劣势。故填compared。
53.followed
【详解】句意:他不断的往后看,好像有人跟着他似的。“他”和“跟随”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,省略了he was,所以填followed。
54.invited
【详解】句意:她将不去参加Tom的聚会,除非被邀请。“邀请”与其逻辑主语“她”之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词,填invited。
55.waiting
【详解】考查的是省略句和非谓语动词。句意:在等待公交车的时候,他遇见了一位老朋友。动词wait与主语he构成主动关系,所以使用现在分词在句中做伴随状语,所以要填waiting。
56.crossing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:过马路时,你越小心越好。在状语从句中,如果从句的主语与主句相同,且谓语动词为be动词时,省略主语和be动词。那么完整的状语从句为when you are crossing the road,省去主语和be动词后为when crossing the road。故填crossing。
57.taken
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这些药在晚饭前服用后,要放在您儿子够不着的地方。分析句子可知,空格处是时间状语从句,结合语意可知,从句中主语与主句主语一致,且从句中应使用被动语态,原句为:“After the medicine is taken before dinner, the medicine should be put beyond your son’s reach.”。在时间状语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时,可以省略从句中主语和be,故填taken。
58.beaten
【详解】
考查动词和状语从句的省略。句意:虽然被对方打败了,但我们并不气馁,互相鼓励。在状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且从句中包含be动词时,可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。结合句意,分析句子可知,“Although________ (beat) by the opposite team”是句中时间状语从句,原句为:Although we were beaten by the opposite team,符合省略条件,可省略 we were。故答案是When asked about his job。
59.to see
【详解】考查to do不定式。句意:他停了下来,环顾四周,似乎想看看他走的方向对不对。此处为as if引导的状语从句的省略句,从句和主句主语相同,且从句含有be动词,所以省略主语和be动词,用to do不定式作表语。故填to see。
60.given
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果不给足够的钱,我们就不能进行这个实验。在状语从句中,当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,同时从句用到了be动词时,从句省略主语和be动词。本句中unless之后为条件状语从句,其完整句式为unless we are given enough money,所以此处省略了we are,所以填given。故填given。
61.waiting
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:等公共汽车的时候,我一直在看杂志。分析句子可知,本句为状语从句的省略句,原句为While I was waiting , 省略了主语I 和 was。故填waiting。
62.listening
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:她给了我一个安慰的微笑,耐心地听着,点点头。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be,本句中省略了从句中的she was,故填listening。
63.watered
【详解】考查省略句。句意:这些花如果不每天浇水就会枯死。在unless引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为“unless these flowers is watered every day”,相当于省略了these flowers is。故填watered。
64.warned
【详解】考查省略句。句意:尽管警告有危险,杰克还是去湖里游泳。在though引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为“Though Jack was warned of the danger”,相当于省略了Jack was。故填warned。
65.discussing
【详解】考查省略。句意:在讨论这个计划时,他们发现它是可行的。当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时且谓语动词为 be,常省略从句的主语和 be 动词。所以本句从句中省略了they are,逻辑主语用discuss之间是主动关系,所以用discussing,表示正在进行时。根据句意,故填discussing。
66.a 67.traditionally 68.is referred 69.which 70.destroyed 71.what 72.writers 73.of 74.amazing 75.but
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文阐述了中国书法是中国传统文化的精华,并介绍了王羲之的成就和《兰亭集序》。
66.考查冠词。句意:说到书法,中国人一定会把它和王羲之联系在一起,他是一位生活在东晋时期的中国作家和官员。根据后文并列连词and并列了an official表示“一位官员”可推出空处也需要用不定冠词表泛指“一位中国作家”。故填a。
67.考查副词。句意:但他最为人所知的是中国最著名的书法家,传统上被认为是书法圣人。分析句子结构可知,空处用于修饰空后非谓语动词considered,故需要把提示词tradition变为副词形式。故填traditionally。
68.考查动词的时态和语态。句意:王被称为中国历史上最伟大的书法家。固定短语be referred to as表示“被称作”、“被认为”符合句意,且分析句子结构可知,王和动词refer为动宾结构,故空处需要填 be referred结构;根据句后“is a master of all forms of Chinese calligraphy,(是中国书法的所有形式的大师,)”可知,时态需要和并列连词and后的is保持一致。故填is referred。
69.考查定语从句。句意:王被称为中国历史上最伟大的书法家,是中国书法的所有形式的大师,尤其擅长行书,其特点是单个字符之间的联系和略略缩短的形式。分析句子成分可知,逗号后为非限制性定语从句,features为谓语动词表示“以……为特点”,从句中缺少主语指代先行词Xingshu即“行书”,故需要填关系代词。故填which。
70.考查非谓语动词。句意:他一生创作了大量的书法作品,但令人遗憾的是,迄今为止,他的大部分原创作品都已毁损或遗失。根据空后or并列过去分词lost作定语可知,空处也需要用destroy的过去分词形式作定语。故填destroyed。
71.考查主语从句。句意:在王羲之的巨著中,我们最为熟悉的是《兰亭集序》。分析句子结构,句子谓语动词为is,故空处为需要填连接词引导主语从句;从句中缺少主语,结合句意可知,表示“我们最熟悉的作品”即用what表示“……的东西”。故填what。
72.考查名词。句意:这篇经典文章描述了包括谢安和孙绰在内的四十二位中国著名诗人和作家的聚会。根据空前有and并列表示身份的复数名词poets(诗人)可知,空处也需要填write的派生词的复数形式表示“身份”;writer意为“作家”,符合句意。故填writers。
73.考查介词。句意:《兰亭集序》由28行324个汉字组成。固定短语be made up of意为“由……组成”,符合句意和空前is made up的提示。故填of。
74.考查形容词。句意:令人惊讶的是,汉字“之”出现了十七次,但没有两个字看起来是一样的。分析句子结构,It为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,空处需要填形容词作表语形容后文这件事情;amaze的形容词形式为amazing或amazed;修饰物一般用amazing。故填amazing。
75.考查连词。句意:令人惊讶的是,汉字“之”出现了十七次,但没有两个字看起来是一样的。结合句意可知,前文表示“之”字出现了十七次,后文表示没有任何两个“之”字写的看上去一样,这件事情令人惊讶,故前后文为转折关系。故填but。
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