Unit 4 Adversity and Courage【过测试】（教师版+学生版）

Unit 4　Adversity and Courage【过测试】

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1.Where does this conversation take place?

A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum.

2. What does Jack want to do?

A. Take fitness classes.

B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.

C. Change his work schedule.

3. What are the speakers talking about?

A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.

4. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Colleagues. B. Classmates.         C. Strangers.

5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?

A. She might want a ticket.

B. She is looking for the man.

C. She has an extra ticket.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6. How long did James run his business?

A. 10 years. B. 13 years. C. 15 years.

7. How does the woman feel about James’ situation?

A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Disappointed.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What has Kate’s mother decided to do?

A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.

9. What did Kate’s mother study at college?

A. Oil painting. B. Art history.  C. Business administration.

10. What is Kate’s attitude toward her mother’s decision?

A. Disapproving. B. Unclear  C. Understanding.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What is the man doing？

A. Chairing a meeting.

B. Hosting a radio program.

C. Conducting a job interview.

12. What benefits Mary most in her job?

A. Her wide reading. B. Her leaders’ guidance. C. Her friends’ help.

13. Who will Mary talk about next?

A. Her teacher. B. Her father. C. Her mother.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. Why does the man seldom do exercise?

A. He lacks motivation.  B. He has a heart problem.   C. He works all the time.

15. What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?

A. He’s an athlete.    B. He’s a researcher.        C. He’s a journalist.

16. Why does the woman speak of a study?

A. To encourage the man.

B. To suggest an exercise.

C. To support her findings.

17. How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?

A. 300 minutes.           B. 150 minutes.            C. 75 minutes.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What did the scientists do to the road?

A. They repaired it.        B. They painted it.           C. They blocked it.

19. Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?

A. It’s warm.             B. It’s brown.               C. It’s smooth.

20. What is the purpose of the scientists’ experiment?

A. To keep the birds there for a whole year.

B. To help students study the birds well.

C. To prevent the birds from being killed.

第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分 50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Larry was on another of his underwater expeditions(探险 )but this time，it was different.He decided to take his daughter along with him.She was only ten years old.This would be her first trip with her father on what he had always been famous for.

Larry first began diving when he was his daughter's age.Similarly，his father had taken him along on one of his expeditions.Since then，he had never looked back.Larry started out by renting diving suits from the small diving shop just along the shore.He had hated them.They were either too big or too small.Then，there was the instructor.He gave him a short lesson before allowing him into the water with his father.He had made an exception.Larry would never have been able to go down without at least five hours of theory and another similar number of hours on practical lessons with a guide.Children of his age were not even allowed to dive.

After the first expedition，Larry's later diving adventures only got better and better.There was never a dull moment.In his black and blue suit and with an oxygen tank fastened on his back，Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.Dangerous areas did not prevent him from continuing his search.Sometimes，he was limited to a cage underwater but that did not bother him.At least，he was still able to take photographs of the underwater creatures.

Larry's first expedition without his father was in the Cayman Islands.There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them.Fortunately for him，a man offered to take him around the different spots for free.Larry did not even know what the time was，how many spots he dived into or how many photographs he had taken.The diving spots afforded such a wide array of fish and sea creatures that Larry saw more than thirty varieties of creatures.

Larry looked at his daughter.She looked as excited as he had been when he was her age.He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition.Already，she looked like she was much braver than Larry had been then.This was the key to a successful underwater expedition.

1．In what way was this expedition different for Larry?

A．His daughter had grown up.

B．He had become a famous diver.

C．His father would dive with him.

D．His daughter would dive with him.

2．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A．Larry had some privileges.

B．Larry liked the rented diving suits.

C．Divers had to buy diving equipment.

D．Ten­year­old children were permitted to dive.

3．Why did Larry have to stay in a cage underwater sometimes?

A．To protect himself from danger.

B．To dive into the deep water.

C．To admire the underwater view.

D．To take photos more conveniently.

4．What did Larry expect his daughter to do?

A．Become a successful diver.

B．Make a good diving guide.

C．Take a lot of photos underwater.

D．Have longer hours of training.

B

One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest，the next，the air was charged with tension.The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed.I urged the elephant deeper into the forest.We sounded like a forest fire—crackling，snapping，trail blazing.But through all the noise came a sharp warning cry.The elephant stopped and we heard it again—the tell­tale call of a spotted deer.

I looked quickly around the shadows of the forest.Rays of sunlight shone through tree branches，beneath which the patchwork(交错)of green plants and shadows­within­shadows would make tiger stripes(条纹)look more attractive.Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant's stomach，the forest was silent.

Gradually，the tension slipped from our bodies.The elephant seized a nearby branch and put it into her mouth.I reached forward and gently moved my hand over the elephant's neck；there was a soft part，free of wrinkles and hairs，behind her ear.

This was my fourth time to sense the aura of the forest in Corbett，although I saw no tigers in the end.Located at the foot of the Himalayan mountains，Corbett is home to about 135 Bengal tigers，but the forest seemed to be guarding their whereabouts(出没处)，a silent reminder of their secrecy and rarity.Still，I was happy enough touching the elephant behind the ear.If I had so desperately wanted to see a tiger，I could have gone to a zoo.After all，spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty；tracking them can make you aware of something more.

5．Which of the following was a clear signal of alarm?

A．The elephant stopped.

B．A spotted deer called.

C．The elephant seized a branch.

D．The forest was silent for a while.

6．The author begins his account of the tour in the forest mainly by________．

A．describing various sounds

B．comparing different animals

C．listing different activities

D．introducing various plants

7．What does the underlined part “to sense the aura” most probably mean?

A．To see the diversity.

B．To enjoy the scenery.

C．To feel the atmosphere.

D．To experience the freedom.

8．How does the author feel after several visits to Corbett?

A．Seeing a Bengal tiger is quite thrilling.

B．It is very time­consuming to travel in Corbett.

C．It is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett.

D．The process of finding Bengal tigers is most appealing.

C

Are some people born clever，and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough，the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth，and no amount of education can make a genius (天才)out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand，a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings (环境). Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth，whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view，now held by most experts，can be supposed in a number of ways.

It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people，the closer they are likely to be intelligent. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population，it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If，on the other hand，we take two identical twins，they will very likely to be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters，parents and children，usually have similar intelligence，and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

Imagine now that we take two identical (完全相同的)twins and put them in different environments. We might send one，for example，to a university and the other to a factory where the working is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing，and this shows that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other，but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

9．It is suggested in this passage that ________．

A．unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence

B．close relations usually have similar intelligence

C．the closer the blood relationship between people，the more different they are likely to be in intelligence

D．people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence

10．Brothers and sisters are likely to ________．

A．have similar intelligence

B．have different intelligence

C．go to the same university

D．go to the same factory

11．The best title for this article would be “________”．

A．On Intelligence

B．What Intelligence Means

C．We Are Born with Intelligence

D．Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence

D

Life can be so wonderful，full of adventure and joy.It can also be full of challenges，setbacks(挫折)and heartbreaks.Whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires—that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones.Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem，because when we go to change the way we do things，up come the old patterns and pitfalls(陷阱)that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.

This tension between what we feel we can have and what we're seemingly able to have is the niggling(烦人的)suffering，the anxiety we feel.This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.But we're never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more.The intelligence behind that knowing is us—the real us.It's the part that believes in life and its possibilities.If you drop that，you begin to feel a little“dead” inside because you're dropping “you”．

So，if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck，how do we break these patterns?

Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today's challenges.

While，deep down，we know we can do it，our mind—or the minds of those close to us—usually says we can't.That isn't a reason to stop，it's just the mind，that little man or woman on your shoulder，trying to talk you out of something again.It has done it many times before.It's all about starting simple and doing it now.

Decide and act before overthinking.When you do this you may feel a little，or large，release from the jail of your mind and you'll be on your way.

12．It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should________．

A．slow down and live a simple life

B．be careful when we choose to change

C．stick to our dreams under any circumstances

D．be content with what we already have

13．What is the key to breaking the old patterns?

A．To focus on every detail.

B．To decide and take immediate action.

C．To listen to those close to us.

D．To think twice before we act.

14．Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?

A．Escape from your punishment.

B．Realization of your dreams.

C．Freedom from your tension.

D．Reduction of your expectations.

15．What does the author intend to tell us?

A．It's easier than we think to get what we want.

B．It's important to learn to accept sufferings in life.

C．It's impractical to change our way of thinking.

D．It's harder than we expect to follow a new course.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Forgiveness

To forgive is a virtue，but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply hurt you，it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.However，forgiveness is possible，and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness，according to a recent research.

  16  Try the following steps：

Calm yourself.  17  You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，or someone you love.

Don't wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.  18  Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.

Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者)．Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings，learn to look for the love，beauty and kindness around you.

  19  If you understand your offender，you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness，fear，and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.

Don't forget to forgive yourself.  20  But it can rob you of your self­ confidence if you don't do it.

A．Why should you forgive?

B．How should you start to forgive?

C．Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.

D．Try to see things from your offender's angle.

E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.

F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stress management technique.

G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time.

第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top  21  ，but on their way back conditions were very difficult.Joe fell and broke his leg.They both knew that if Simon  22  alone，he would probably get back  23  ．But Simon decided to risk his  24  and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳)．

As they  25  down，the weather got worse.Then another trouble occurred.They couldn't see or hear each other and，  26  ，Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁)．It was  27  for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up.Joe's weight was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.  28  ，after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold，Simon had to  29  ．In tears，he cut the rope.Joe  30  into a huge crevasse(裂缝)in the ice below.He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.He couldn't walk，but he  31  to get out of the crevasse and started to  32  towards their camp，nearly ten kilometers away.

Simon had  33  the camp at the foot of the mountain.He thought that Joe must be dead，but he didn't want to leave  34  ．Three days later，in the middle of the night，he heard Joe's voice.He couldn't  35  it.Joe was there，a few meters from their tent，still alive.

21．A.hurriedly　　　 B．carefully C．successfully D．early

22．A.climbed B．worked C．rested D．continued

23．A.unwillingly B．safely C．slowly D．regretfully

24．A.fortune B．time C．health D．life

25．A.lay B．settled C．went D．looked

26．A.by mistake B．by chance C．by choice D．by luck

27．A.unnecessary B．practical C．important D．impossible

28．A.Finally B．patiently C．Surely D．Quickly

29．A.stand back B．take a rest C．make a decision D．hold on

30．A.jumped B．fell C．escaped D．backed

31．A.managed B．planned C．waited D．hoped

32．A.run B．skate C．move D．march

33．A.headed for B．travelled to C．left for D．returned to

34．A.secretly B．tiredly C．immediately D．anxiously

35．A.find B．believe C．make D．accept

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about 36.________(be)late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop，37.________some of them looked very anxious and 38.________(disappoint)．When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.I got a place next 39.________the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike 40.________(catch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused 41.________(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept 42.________ (ride)．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked，“43.________ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”A woman on the bus shouted，“Oh dear！It's 44.________(I)．”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers 45.________(sudden)became friendly to one another.

第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假如你是学生会主席李华。最近你的好友Tom的发明在全国科技创新大赛中荣获一等奖并获取了专利。请你给他写一封信，向他表示祝贺并邀请他来你校作报告，内容包括：

1．表示祝贺；

2．邀请作报告；

3．报告目的和时间。

注意：1．词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：全国科技创新大赛National Science and Technology Innovation Contest

第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was summer，and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.

We took a plane to Albuquerque，a big city in the state of New Mexico.We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon.Uncle Paul，my dad's friend，picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.

His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle.My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby.Very early in the morning，Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast.“The day starts at dawn on my farm，”he said.After breakfast，I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens，while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草)．I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They looked really cool.

In the afternoon，I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride，and he said yes，as long as my dad went with me.I wasn't going to take a horse ride by myself anyway.So，my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats，got on our horses，and headed slowly towards the mountains.“Don't be late for supper，”Uncle Paul cried，“and keep to the track so that you don't get lost！”“OK！”my dad cried back.After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight.It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks，the deep green pine trees，and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene.It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的)blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.

注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.___________________

We had no idea where we were and it got dark.__________________________