2023届安徽省宿州市示范高中皖北协作区联考高三一模英语试题含答案

2023届安徽省宿州市示范高中皖北协作区联考高三一模英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Introduction to Life Is Simple

Life Is Simple is a book that has affected the course of science, and it tells us an important principle.

Price:£25. 00

Weight:600g

Dimension: 236 mm X 160 mm x 40 mm

Supply: Hardcover |384 pages

Description:

Life Is Simple tells a remarkable story of how a thirteenth century man’s search for simplicity led to the development of the modern world. The book begins with the hero at the Middle Ages, William Occam, who devoted himself to exploring philosophy, and first expressed clearly the principle that the best answer to any problem is the simplest. The famous theory from him cut through the bushes of the Middle Ages’ philosophy dealing with the nature of existence, truth and knowledge to clear a path for modern science.

We follow the theory in the hands of the giants of science, from Copernicus to Kepler, Galileo, Newton, Darwin, Einstein, Rubin and Higgs. Its success suggests that we live in the simplest possible habitable universe and supports the revolutionary theory that our universe has gradually formed. By highlighting the very human passion, curiosity, mistakes and struggles of those who were inspired by the theory to create the modern world, Johnjoe McFadden provides new understanding into what science is really about. And the principle of simplicity is as practical today as ever.

1．What do we know about Life Is Simple?

A．Its topic is about modern science.

B．Its main character loves philosophy.

C．It regards giants of science as its heroes.

D．It has a large size with six hundred pages.

2．Who is the author of Life Is Simple?

A．William Occam. B．Johnjoe McFadden.

C．Newton. D．Einstein.

3．Who is most probably interested in Life Is Simple?

A．A student majoring in art.

B．A doctor expert at child psychology.

C．A singer crazy about western culture.

D．A teenager curious about science and life.

It wasn’t until I graduated from college that I subsequently realized that knowledge is so endless that I was able to learn for pleasure. A sense of curiosity, rather than perfectionism, guided me. I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language. Looking up words encountered in the wild felt less like a failure and more like an admission that I still didn’t know lots of things and an opportunity to discover more.

I cherish my 1954 copy of Webster’s New International Dictionary given by my roommate. I often consult it during the evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading. I mostly read novels at night, in bed, so when I come across unfamiliar words, I fold the bottom of the page and then look them up word by word. When I start encountering these words, the language world seems to shrink to the size of a small town.

Wikipedia answers questions with more questions, opening up pages of information you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain more complex ones. Using one feels as if I’m opening an oyster (牡蛎)with curiosity. Unknown words become mysteries, and solving them gives me satisfaction. Why always leave them up to guesswork? Why not consult a dictionary and feel the instant contentment of pairing context with a definition?

Dictionaries reward you for paying attention, both to the things you consume and to your own curiosity. They are an entrance into the kind of childish urge to just know things, which I had before learning became a duty instead of a game.

For most of you, dictionaries are a gateway into that kind of unconsidered knowledge-seeking. They remind you that, when it comes to learning, allowing your curiosity is just as important as paying attention. After all, isn’t curiosity really just another form of attention? Following your curiosity instead of pushing it away, consult your dictionary and feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you.

4．What does consulting dictionaries mean to the author?

A．A guide to shape his character.

B．A complete admission of failure.

C．A chance to explore the unknown.

D．A unique way of perfecting himself.

5．What does “cherish” underlined in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Lost. B．Prize.

C．Edit. D．Publish.

6．Why is Wikipedia mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．To show advantages of dictionaries.

B．To indicate the importance of technology.

C．To introduce another powerful learning tool.

D．To prove the benefits of using the search engine.

7．What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?

A．Make an appeal.

B．Raise doubts.

C．Give a warning.

D．Express thanks.

Latin America’s first renewable fuel-powered, garbage-trapping wheel is cleaning one of Panama’s dirtiest rivers. It is powered by water and solar energy. It pulls waste out of the Juan Diaz River. Most of the waste comes from the capital area of Panama City where about 2 million people live. Thousands of kilograms of garbage flow down the river into the ocean each year.

As the leader of the project, Robert Getman said, “Cleaning beaches is good, but it is more effective and cheaper to trap garbage in rivers because when it reaches the ocean, the environmental and economic cost becomes too high.”

The Juan Diaz River is one of the most polluted in Panama. Waste systems in the area are poor, and land development is not well supervised (监督). The river also passes through Panama City, one of Central America’s largest cities. Still, the waterway and its mangrove trees are home to wildlife like turtles and birds. According to this situation, the environmental group Marea Verde launched the wheel in late September, which is named Wanda Diaz. By the middle of October, it had gathered 28. 6 cubic meters of plastic bottles from the water. Over five years, Marea Verde projects have slowed the spread of waste along the Juan Diaz River and other Panama’s rivers. Several years ago, the group launched its “Barrier or Trash” technology, a floating device. It captured more than 100 metric tons of waste in the Matias Hernandez River within two years.

The Baltimore Bay “Trashwheel” in the United States is the model for Marea Verde’s machine, Wanda Diaz. However, Wanda Diaz is more advanced and superior in terms of technology, and it even has cameras with artificial intelligence (AI) that can recognize and sort different plastics.

“We want each of us to raise awareness that we can prevent the death of the Juan Diaz River, ”said Marea Verde’s leader Sandy Watemberg. She expressed her hope that the wheel would also help many more other rivers. But she also pointed out that those who accustomed themselves to single-use plastics needed to rethink their behavior.

8．Which words best describe the garbage-trapping wheel?

A．Green and practical.

B．Effective but costly.

C．Powerful but energy-wasting.

D．Renewable and simple.

9．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3?

A．Great damage to Panama City.

B．The importance of the Juan Diaz River.

C．Measures taken to battle wildlife killing.

D．The background information of Marea Verde projects.

10．What can we learn about Wanda Diaz?

A．It has Al to break down plastics.

B．It is the model for “Trashwheel”.

C．It has AI cameras to remove plastics.

D．It is an updated version of “Trashwheel”.

11．What message does Sandy Watemberg seem to convey?

A．People should not use plastics anymore.

B．The death of the river is unpreventable.

C．Humans’ living habits matter in river protection.

D．River protection has received the attention of all.

Eating ultra-processed (超加工的) foods for more than 20％ of your daily calorie intake every day can set you on the road to cognitive (认知的) decline, according to a new study. Previous studies have found they can raise the risk of having obesity, heart and circulation problems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives. Now, the new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the areas of the brain involved in executive (决策的) functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions.

In fact, men and women who ate the most ultra-processed foods had a 28% faster rate of global cognitive decline and a 25% faster rate of executive function decline compared with people who ate the least amount of overly processed food, the new study found. “While in need of further study and replication, the new results are quite convincing and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases as we get older, ” said Tanzi, a Professor of Neurology at Harvard Medical School. He was not involved in the study.

The study, presented on August 1 at the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference in San Diego, followed over 10, 000 Brazilians whose average age was 51 for up to 10 years. Just over half of the study participants were women.

Cognitive testing, which included immediate and delayed word recall, word recognition and verbal fluency were performed at the beginning and end of the study, and the participants were inquired about their diet. “In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of the total calorie intake. We eat a lot of hamburgers, chocolate and white bread. It’s not very different, unfortunately, from many other western countries,” said co-author Dr. Claudia Suemoto, an assistant professor.

Ultra-processed foods are defined as “industrial formulations of food substances (oils, fats, sugars, starch, and protein isolates) that contain little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives”, according to the study.

12．What is Tanzi’s attitude towards the new study?

A．Objective. B．Doubtful.

C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.

13．What can we know about the new study?

A．Its participants were over 50 years old.

B．It followed the participants for a period of time.

C．It proved men had a faster rate of cognitive decline than women.

D．It first found ultra-processed foods could raise the risk of obesity.

14．What were the participants asked to do in the study?

A．Eat their favorite foods.

B．Introduce their daily routine.

C．Enhance their verbal fluency.

D．Take a series of cognitive tests.

15．Which is the most suitable title for the text?

A．The substances of ultra-processed foods

B．The appropriate intake of ultra-processed foods

C．Cognitive decline linked to ultra-processed foods

D．Ultra-processed foods causing executive functioning loss

二、七选五

Yoga has a well-deserved reputation for helping improve balance and flexibility and for inducing calm and relaxation. ____16____ While you might not burn as many calories by practicing yoga as you would by running or doing some other high-intensity activities, yoga can still raise your heart rate and help build muscle. Here’s more about how yoga is a complete body and mind workout.

·Reduce stress and reduce pounds. Yoga helps deal with stress. ____17____ Yoga has an impact on the body’s stress response and reduces the production of chemicals linked to weight gain, such as cortisol (皮质醇), a stress hormone.

·Move well and eat well. ____18____ Participants involved in yoga practice realize that they tend to notice not only the amount of food they eat, but also what type of foods they eat and the impact of eating those foods. They become aware of the effect of certain foods on their bodies during their yoga practice.

·____19____ Doing yoga long term not only can help people lose weight but also can strengthen cognitive skills to help keep it off. A multiyear study examines the possibility of yoga maintaining weight loss. Its findings suggest that yoga may help to improve long-term weight loss outcomes via improvements in distress tolerance, self-compassion and a more positive mood.

Yoga is a very reasonable form of exercise, but you have to choose the right type. A 2021 study found no difference in weight loss totals for participants practicing a gentle, restorative yoga versus a more vigorous type of yoga. ____20____ Everybody can benefit from a yoga practice.

A．Make weight loss last.

B．Learn about cognitive skills.

C．Studies show that high levels of cortisol can lead to an increase in fat.

D．Several studies have confirmed that doing yoga does raise cortisol levels.

E．Yoga helps break old dietary habits and related unconscious patterns of behavior.

F．Actually, the best yoga is the practice that fits for you — the one you’ll commit to.

G．But as for weight loss, many people assume other types of exercise will benefit more.

三、完形填空

As the saying goes, “Interest is the seed of everything”. Since childhood, Cantero had been living with football that had a ____21____ effect on her. She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to ____22____ the two things.

Lili Cantero prepared a new colorful show of her works to take to the World Cup in Qatar. The 29-year-old artist was famous for ____23____ soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs. Many of them were ____24____ by the Middle Eastern nation, Qatar, and especially its capital Doha brought her lots of ____25____ ideas. The city welcomed national teams from the world to ____26____ in the World Cup.

Cantero ____27____ sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with black and white image of the ____28____ and his family. She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But ____29____, she received a photo of Messi holding them. That marked a turning point in her_____30_____. Then her colorful designs _____31_____ other stars. She even met a famous former Brazilian star and gave him a pair of _____32_____ and a football showing a kiss his mother had given him after winning an award in 2005.

In Qatar, Cantero planned to show eight footballs with designs that showed her _____33_____ for eight countries winning the World Cup, thinking that they were _____34_____ of the admiration of all. Finally, the footballs were the centerpiece of the World Cup exhibition, while the boots were presented within three-dimensional _____35_____ looking like the stadiums that Qatar built for the World Cup.

21．A．slight B．limited C．significant D．temporary

22．A．compare B．explain C．investigate D．connect

23．A．making B．painting C．purchasing D．donating

24．A．inspired B．checked C．sponsored D．arranged

25．A．narrow B．conventional C．novel D．literary

26．A．turn B．compete C．speak D．explore

27．A．still B．never C．often D．ever

28．A．artist B．judge C．player D．photographer

29．A．in surprise B．in vain C．on time D．on hand

30．A．plan B．career C．team D．stadium

31．A．confused B．hurt C．changed D．drew

32．A．sweaters B．glasses C．boots D．socks

33．A．respect B．insurance C．debt D．cost

34．A．aware B．worthy C．ignorant D．suspicious

35．A．maps B．rocks C．movements D．structures

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Forbidden City, also ____36____(refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days, is located in the heart of Beijing. It is an ancient ____37____(architecture) complex with a history of over 600 years.

The aerial view of the Forbidden City shows it is a symmetrical layout. The three main halls-the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony comprise the Forbidden City’s central line, ____38____ is flanked (两侧有) by more than 70 palaces with over 9, 000 rooms. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, ____39____(symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. In addition to ____40____(it) magnificent appearance, the Palace Museum also houses over one million pieces of cultural relics and treasures.

In recent years, the Forbidden City has become ____41____ Internet celebrity, launching thousands of cultural and artistic products. These products are well enjoyed by ____42____(consumer), combining the traditional imperial elements with modern technology. Up to now, a “Digital Forbidden City” ____43____(create). The development of the Internet and AR technology has allowed people to visit the palace in an immersive way and to observe the panorama and details of the imperial treasures.

As a new day begins, the ancient Forbidden City continues to welcome visitors at home and abroad. Be it onsite or online, your visit ____44____ the Forbidden City may help you travel through time and space and_____45_____(true) appreciate the time-honored Chinese culture.

五、其他应用文

46．学校英语俱乐部正在开展题为“Improve Communication Skills”的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1. 交际能力的重要性；

2. 提高交际能力的方法。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Improve Communication Skills

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写

47．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Bruce had a sweet tooth during his childhood, but it was not just sugary snacks that he desired. Being raised in a poor family was a bittersweet experience, but it gave him adaptability and ambition.

When Bruce was young, his mother would tell him that the candies in the store’s checkout line belonged to the cashier. She said that because she could not afford a 50-cent chocolate bar. Nevertheless, he saw through her trick and made a promise that he would grow up to be wealthy enough to buy what his family needed.

Bruce’s father worked hard to make money outside, so he spent less time at home. Instead of focusing on their economic instability, Bruce’s mother selflessly pushed her children to strive for success so that they could lead a more comfortable life later. She worked for long hours every night and struggled to pay the minimum due on her bills. Still, she would find time to read with Bruce and his sister, Alice. Their mother taught them the value of perseverance, education, and moral fibre. Despite lack of their father’s company, they were loved and nurtured just as much.

However, not all of life’s milestones were easy. Some, like moving and being helpless, left Bruce with an endless bitter taste. He had to deal with many problems when they moved into Maryland, several states away from their roots in Georgia, to make a living. The first few months were great: baseball games, family trips to the mall, dinners, movies, etc. It felt like they were the perfect family. Then things changed. Baseball games were too expensive, and trips to the mall were replaced with days Bruce and Alice spent isolated in the study.

As the brother and sister grew up, money was even tighter. They spent many years living in a very poor family setting. Even so, their mother inspired them to keep trying and working academically. They even cooperated with each other and developed a computer system. Alice was joking about patenting it someday. But as the saying goes, “Good things never come easy”, and success requires setbacks.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

One day, Bruce’s mother opened their study door and told them to pack.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

They eventually settled in Texas, and Bruce and Alice continued their academic efforts.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：

1．B    2．B    3．D

4．C    5．B    6．A    7．A

8．A    9．D    10．D    11．C

12．A    13．B    14．D    15．C

16．G    17．C    18．E    19．A    20．F

21．C    22．D    23．B    24．A    25．C    26．B    27．D    28．C    29．A    30．B    31．D    32．C    33．A    34．B    35．D

36．referred    37．architectural    38．which    39．symbolizing    40．its    41．an    42．consumers    43．has been created    44．to    45．truly

46．Improve Communication Skills

Communication skills are of great importance because they help us express ourselves clearly and improve our relationships with others. Then how can we improve our communication skills?

Firstly, we should start with active listening. Only by doing that can we understand those around us better. Secondly, it’s wise to learn to control our emotions and see things from different perspectives. Last but not least, we’d better actively participate in school activities, where we can learn team spirit and enhance communication with each other.

All in all, if we treat people and things sincerely, we’ll be able to communicate effectively.

47．One day, Bruce’s mother opened their study door and told them to pack. They were leaving and not coming back. At that time, Bruce heard Alice sobbing in the study. After loading their belongings into the car, they began to drive along to the next place for a living. Bruce looked out of the window with tears running down his cheeks, watching the people coming and going. Their careers were taking off, but they were leaving again. Actually, life kept them on the move. Their parents felt very guilty for not giving their children a stable home.

They eventually settled in Texas, and Bruce and Alice continued their academic efforts. With the encouragement of their mother, they remained dedicated to their wise pursuits and treasured opportunities to satisfy their hunger for knowledge. Finally, their cause was a success. When Bruce faced some dark chocolate close at hand, his mind kept turning in an endless loop. He said to Alice, “Tough circumstances have allowed us to have more life and learning experiences and made us who we are. Success, like candy, could be the sweetest treat of all.” Alice nodded, and she also felt it the greatest joy to help any poor kid with a sweet tooth to gain their favorite candy.