2023届新高考英语优等生拔高冲刺模拟检测（二）含解析

这是一份2023届新高考英语优等生拔高冲刺模拟检测（二）含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2023年普通高中高三新高考模拟检测
英语（二）
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the man’s suggestion about the hat?
A. A different size. B. A different color. C. A different style.
2. Where was the man probably yesterday?
A. At home. B. In the classroom. C. At Professor Smith’s.
3. What time is it?
A. 7:50. B. 8:00. C. 8:10.
4. What does the woman usually have?
A. The steak. B. The lamb. C. The chicken.
5. What is the weather like now?
A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny.

第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听此段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What happened to the woman’s flight?
A. It failed to take off on time.
B. It was canceled without notice.
C. It arrived about two hours earlier.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the cafe. B. At the airport. C. In a restaurant.
听此段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What happened to the creature?
A. It lost a tail. B. It lost a foot. C. It lost a leg.
9. Where might the creature be found?
A. In Greenland. B. In Australia. C. In Denmark.
听此段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What will the woman do tonight?
A. Watch TV. B. Make a meal. C. Visit her friend.
11. Where did Mary go last year?
A. Spain. B. France. C. Portugal.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Make a plan. B. Call his friends. C. Buy some hot dogs.
听此段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What has the man been offered?
A. A better job at work. B. A large sum of money. C. A business opportunity.
14. Who provided the offer?
A. A hotel manager. B. The man’s friend. C. The man’s co-worker.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Business partners. C. Boyfriend and girlfriend.
16. What does the woman say about the offer?
A. She is pleased with it. B. She doesn’t care about it. C. She is concerned about it.
听此段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker talking about?
A. A list of problems the planet faces.
B. Some ways to solve health problems.
C. Efforts being made to help the planet.
18. How does the speaker feel about the planet’s future?
A. Optimistic. B. Negative. C. Unconcerned.
19. Which does the speaker think is the most important?
A. Sorting the daily garbage.
B. Banning shiny pieces on greetings cards.
C. Raising children’s awareness of protecting the earth.
20. What step does the speaker intend to take?
A. Starting recycling. B. Buying an electric car. C. Choosing organic food.

第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Chengdu Natural History Museum has been opened to the public for some time! If you have not been to it, don’t worry. Today, you will have a “cloud visit” with us first.
With a total exhibition area of about 17,000 square meters, The Chengdu Natural History Museum has nearly 70,000 collections and about 10,000 exhibits on display.
●Hall of Geological Environment
From the Big Bang to the earth’s evolution, this hall offers tourists an excellent review of the earth through scene restoration and specimen (标本) exhibition.
●Hall of Mineral Resources
It is like an amazing world of minerals. Dazzling minerals and gems are waiting for you to enjoy their beauties carefully.
●Hall of Dinosaurs’ Secret
The exhibition hall tells the origin, evolution and extinction of dinosaurs, and introduces visitors to the mysterious stories of the age of dinosaurs and the five major dinosaur families.
●Hall of Diverse Life
Lifelike animal specimens are displayed throughout the exhibition hall, and visitors get immersed in the wonderful animal world. In addition, there is an AR screen for interaction, making this place a paradise for animal lovers!
Besides the permanent exhibition halls, the museum also has 2 temporary exhibition halls and a 4D cinema hall that is not yet open. Hopefully, you can visit them soon!
Opening time
Open at 9:00-17:00 from Tuesday to Sunday (visitors are not allowed to enter the museum after 16:30); closed on Monday.
Admission ticket reservation
Please make your reservation at least one day in advance on the WeChat account of “Chengdu Natural History Museum”. Real-name reservations can be made with the number of your ID card or passport.
For more information, please click https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1hjvAXvgRisrO1bO0d65TA.
1. If you like animals, which of the following is the best choice?
A. Hall of Geological Environment. B. Hall of Mineral Resources.
C. Hall of Dinosaurs’ Secret. D. Hall of Diverse Life.
2. Visitors CANNOT enter the museum .
A. at 10:00 on Monday morning B. at 11:00 on Thursday morning
C. at 3:20 on Sunday afternoon D. at 4:20 on Saturday afternoon
3. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A textbook. B. A website. C. A guidebook. D. A magazine.

B
Leaving our hostel in the centre of Phnom Penh, we climb inside our small Tuk Tuk cabin attached to the back of Kiwi’s motorbike; a bottle of water in one hand and a surgeon-style mask in the other we set off on our 45-minute commute. It is a familiar start to the day for me and two other volunteers. We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city.
The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kiwi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus’ and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. We reach the dusty highway, masks and sunshades firmly in place to protect our eyes and lungs. A mixture of concrete buildings and huts exist along the side of the road among a sea of rubbish. The residents often smile and wave as we pass by.
We turn onto a farm track. The last part of our journey is a roller coaster, jumping out of potholes (路面坑洼) and turning to avoid falling off the sinking road. We pass huts on stilts (木桩), skinny cows and farm yards where children jump and scream upon seeing us. The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and vegetation is rare across the fields.
Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (令人快慰的地方) is Samrong Farm. By the gates, a group of 10-year-old children compete in the area of marbles. We’re greeted by the shouts of “Cha, cha (short for ‘teacher’)!” from several other kids gathering round. As we climb out of our vehicle, the sun is already hot and the oasis is as dry as the fields surrounding it. In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.
Compared to children in the Western World they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day. Despite the journey, it is so good to arrive at work in the morning.
1. Where was the author going?
A. To Samrong Orphanage. B. To the oasis of Samrong.
C. To the capital of Cambodia. D. To the centre of Phnom Penh.
2. What word can be used to describe Kiwi?
A. Disciplined. B. Confident. C. Devoted. D. Ambitious.
3. What did they see along the farm track?
A. Dry bones. B. Shy children.
C. Almost bare fields. D. A roller coaster beside it.
4. What can we learn from the story?
A. Enthusiasm of the children. B. Comfort of riding a motorbike.
C. Beauty of working in the morning. D. Pleasure of being in a different culture.

C
A recent study found that the nutritional quality of Icelandic Spirulina algae (螺旋藻) produced by a cutting-edge biotechnology system in Iceland, is superior to that of beef in terms of protein, essential fatty acids, and iron, and can serve as a healthy, safe, and more sustainable substitute to meat in daily diets.
According to the study, for every kilogram of beef meat replaced with Icelandic Spirulina, consumers will save some 1,400 liters of water, 340 square meters of fertile land, and nearly 100 kilograms of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere. Moreover, the algae may be consumed in different forms, including as wet biomass, or in the form of paste, powder, or pill. For example, one can use Icelandic Spirulina powder as an ingredient in pasta, pancakes, and pastries, or drink an Icelandic Spirulina shake.
While the role of meat in human diets has been helpful, its ecological footprint is considerable and harmful. Raising beef cattle requires arable lands and feeds, and emits greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change and global warming. As the demand for animal-source proteins grows, so do the damages caused by the animal breeding. As a response, humanity is searching for novel ways to ensure its nutritional security.
Algae, especially Spirulina, are considered among the most effective food producers on Earth and can be cultivated using different techniques. It is an autotrophic organism (自养生物) and is dependent on photosynthesis (光合作用) and a supply of carbon dioxide. Thus, unlike many other alternative protein sources, cultivating this food source removes greenhouse gases from the atmosphere and reduces climate change.
Dr. Asaf Tzachor, leading researcher of the study, stressed: “Nutritional security, climate change reduction, and climate change adaptation can go hand in hand. All consumers must do is adopt a bit of Icelandic Spirulina into their meals and diets instead of beef meat. It’s healthier, safer, and more sustainable. Whatever change we wish to see in the world should be clearly shown in our dietary choices.”
1. What can we learn about Icelandic Spirulina algae?
A. It contains more nutrients than beef. B. It is consumed only as a dish.
C. It is environmentally friendly. D. It grows in lakes in Iceland.
2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The cause of global warming. B. The source of greenhouse gases.
C. The conditions of raising beef cattle. D. The negative effects of raising beef cattle.
3. According to Dr. Asaf Tzachor, what should consumers do?
A. Pay attention to food safety. B. Keep a balanced diet.
C. Cultivate sustainable food crops. D. Make wise choices in daily diet.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Unlocking the Secret of Spirulina B. Replacing Beef With This
C. More Vegetables, Less Meat D. A Super Biotechnology System

D
While Ellard Hunting and fellow researchers were out studying the weather at a field station in England, they noticed something unexpected on their instruments. Though there was no storm approaching, the scientists’ electric field monitors recorded a curious increase in atmospheric electric charge.
Nearby, honeybees that lived in on-site hives were swarming (蜂拥) as they attempted to find a new home. When the team took a closer look at their data, they discovered that the swarming honeybees had created an atmospheric electric charge. The researchers shared more details about their findings in the journal iScience.
“This is the first report of biology as a source of space charge.” says Hunting, a biophysicist at the University of Bristol in England. Scientists had known that individual bees carry a small charge while flying through the air, caused by the friction of their body parts against the air and each other. It’s similar to how rubbing a balloon on a piece of fabric creates static electricity. Scientists believe a bee’s charge helps pollen (花粉) stick to it and signals to other bees which flowers have already been visited. But until now, researchers had never recorded such a high voltage (电压) among swarming honeybees.
As far as electricity generation goes, a bee swarm’s charge isn’t so impressive: It would take about 50 billion bees to power an LED light. But compared to the charges produced by common weather events, the bees’ charge density was six times greater than an electrified (带电的) dust storm and eight times greater than a thunderstorm cloud.
Using the honeybee data, the researchers created a model to predict the potential atmospheric electric charge of other insects, including locusts (蝗虫), moths and butterflies. “Locusts swarm on biblical scales.” says Liam O’Reilly, a co-author and biologist at the University of Bristol. Clouds of these insects can span up to 1,200 square kilometres and contain roughly 30 million locusts per square kilometer. The researchers predict locusts would have a much bigger influence on the atmosphere compared to honeybees.
Scientists hope to continue exploring how biology influences physics and are curious to know if something similar is happening with other wildlife, such as birds and bats.
1. What were the researchers doing when something unexpected on their instruments happened?
A. Studying weather events. B. Testing their instruments.
C. Recording insects’ behavior. D. Looking for honeybees’ new home.
2. What’s the function of a bee’s charge?
A. To signal to other bees. B. To help the bee fly fast.
C. To find pollen more easily. D. To avoid losing their way.
3. What does the underlined word “biblical” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Limited. B. Full. C. Grand. D. Slight.
4. What will the scientists continue to study next?
A. The wide application of biology.
B. Measures to protect birds and bats.
C. The influences of dust storms on wildlife.
D. Whether other wildlife can produce electric charge.

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is not only plants that grow in a garden. 1 It is more than just a practical exercise. It is something that makes you a better person.
You can be more resilient (有适应力的). Resilience is about how we react to changing circumstances with mental strength. In a garden, you will likely enjoy many successes, but you will experience many failures, too. This will help you build your patience, learn to handle disappointments and gain confidence. 2
You can build more skills. Becoming resilient involves being able to take a greater level of control over your own basic needs. 3 You can build skills not only in gardening, but also in other skills like DIY, crafting, repair, cooking, and food preservation as you create and tend your garden and process the produce you grow.
4 Gardening can allow you to reduce daily concerns as you can harvest a lot from your space. This leaves more time and space for other considerations. You learn to look beyond your own basic needs and recognize the needs of others—human and non-human—in the world around you.
You can become more compassionate (有同情心的). If you have a garden, you are in a fortunate position. 5 Recognizing the gifts that nature gives you can help to increase your compassion, to recognize that others are less fortunate, and to reach out to others in a wide range of ways.
A. You can build up your body.
B. Skills aren’t improved in a day.
C. You can learn to look beyond your own needs.
D. Growing your own food in your garden can help you grow, too.
E. Then you’ll be more able to deal with whatever challenges life brings.
F. As a gardener, you can build vital skills for higher levels of self-reliance.
G. This is something that you will come to appreciate when you use your garden to the fullest.

第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Born with polio (小儿麻痹症), Ryder Killam started using a wheelchair at two. When he started kindergarten, Ryder had to be 1 75 feet to the end of the driveway to wait for the school bus every day. He had to 2 rain, wind, and snow while waiting for the bus, so his father Tim put up a patio umbrella (庭院伞) to provide some 3 from the elements. But it didn’t accomplish much unless it was just a rainy day with no 4 otherwise he still would get wet and not stay warm.
Tim 5 to the community for an old bus hut but no luck. Then he 6 a post on Facebook to see if someone could help build Ryder a new one. Dan McKena, who had been teaching construction technology, responded with an “ 7 ”. Three of Mr Mckena’s classes at Westerly High School 8 the project. They worked hard for numerous weeks, 9 by the cause and knowing that soon a 10 winter would be falling. On November 2, the hut was finally delivered to the home.
It was big enough to allow such great 11 for Ryder and an adult to be with him comfortably. Ryder’s first 12 was “Wow! Perfectly!” He loved it and wanted to hang out in it all the time. The family sent a photo of Ryder in the bus 13 and thanked Dan and his students for their hard work. The teens were extremely 14 to see just how their project has helped others. This project brought out community together a bit. It showed that there is still so much 15 in this world and town!
1.
A. driven
B. pushed
C. hidden
D. carried
2.
A. survive
B. observe
C. admire
D. battle
3.
A. decoration
B. experience
C. protection
D. entertainment
4.
A. snow
B. wind
C. fog
D. frost
5.
A. reached out
B. gave in
C. held on
D. set down
6.
A. found
B. sought
C. placed
D. answered
7.
A. absolutely
B. obviously
C. impossibly
D. incredibly
8.
A. completed
B. abandoned
C. launched
D. rejected
9.
A. shocked
B. confused
C. reminded
D. motivated
10.
A. hard
B. mild
C. dry
D. late
11.
A. variety
B. access
C. passion
D. treasure
12.
A. choice
B. action
C. decision
D. reaction
13.
A. station
B. company
C. shelter
D. seat
14.
A. excited
B. lucky
C. astonished
D. uncertain
15.
A. conflict
B. good
C. misfortune
D. fun

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) 1 (form) in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs. 2 team brings help and hope to those whose lives are changed by natural disasters.
After long and 3 (care) training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. Since then, the CISAR 4 (complete) many missions, including treating 3,000 people who were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, and spending several months 5 (give) aids to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water and other supplies. They have to do work that is 6 (usual) difficult under conditions 7 can be very dangerous. After a disaster, there may be diseases and accidents Rescue 8 (worker) get to save lives, but they must also bury the dead. That means they have to be strong in both body and mind.
Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a number 9 love and courage to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s. The members of the CISAR are always ready 10 (go) wherever help is needed.

第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“My dream job”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1.你的理想工作；2.你选择的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Wise Father
Hari’s father was a successful businessman who lad a chain of well-known, seven-star restaurants, but the only love of his life was his only daughter, Hari. So she had been provided with everything she ever wanted since she was born. She lived an extraordinary life and always felt that she was not an ordinary kid.
When Hari came back after graduation, her father asked her to join his company as an accountant. However, she was naturally not happy with that. She wanted to work on a higher post as a CEO of the company while her father wanted her to start as an ordinary girl.
One day, there was an emergency situation in the company. One of the restaurants had fewer employees because of sudden resignations (辞职). The restaurant was desperately short-staffed. Hari’s father and other major employees came up with the idea that they would make their way to that restaurant to help them. He asked her daughter to accompany him and the other employees to the restaurant.
When she entered the restaurant, she was hit with the air of tension around the employees. Everybody was busy doing something and the restaurant was in complete chaos. She was suddenly pushed by his father to the cash counter to attend to the customers there. When she went to the back of the kitchen to get an order of a customer, she noticed a tower of dishes that were unwashed. Just as she was going to go back to the cash counter, her father approached her in a hurry and said, “Hari, will you please help us do the dishes? There is no one here who is available and I see you still have five to ten minutes before another customer comes for the payment.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She watched the dirty plates and spoons with big round eyes.


Hari’s father picked up the gloves and started washing the dishes.



2023届新高考优等生拔高冲刺模拟检测
英语（二）答案详解
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
1-5 AABAB 6-10 ABABC 11-15 BBCBC 16-20 CCACC
Text 1
W: It’s a lovely hat. I love the color. Do you think the style suits me?
M: It certainly does. But I think a smaller size would be more suitable for you.
Text 2
W: Hi Andy. I didn’t see you in Professor Smith’s class yesterday. What happened?
M: Well, I had a headache, so I called him and asked for sick leave.
Text 3
W: It’s 8:10 and he still hasn’t arrived. His dinner will be stone cold.
M: Your watch is ten minutes fast, so he isn’t really all that late. I’m sure he’ll be here soon.
Text 4
W: I’ll have my usual please, George.
M: I’m very sorry, Mrs. Carter. We have completely sold out of steak today.
W: In that case...the chicken looks nice. I’ll have that.
Text 5
W: What about going for a bike ride?
M: Is it still raining?
W: No, but it is still dark. Let’s hang on for half a hour or so. It may clear up soon.
Text 6
M: I thought your flight would arrive two hours ago. Why took so long?
W: Didn’t they announce that our flight was delayed?
M: I didn’t hear anything about a delay. What happened?
W: We were held up for almost two hours due to an unknown problem.
M: That’s too bad. Have you had anything to eat?
W: I’ve had nothing but a cup of coffee. I’m starving. Let’s get out of here and find a restaurant.
Text 7
W: Oh look, this poor little creature has lost its tail.
M: That creature is called a lizard. It is cold-blooded, like a frog or a snake. And don’t worry about its tail―it will grow another one.
W: Wow, really? We can’t grow new legs or feet, can we? Dogs and cats can’t either. How come lizards can?
M: It is just the way they are made. It’s unusual to us but it’s natural to them.
W: There are lots of lizards around here.
M: Yes, they are helpful because they eat insects, but you can only find them in hot countries, such as Australia and Brazil.
W: Is that so? How do people control the insects in cold countries like Denmark and Greenland?
M: They don’t need to. The cold winters kill lots of the insects there.
Text 8
M: There’s a boxing match on TV tonight. Do you mind if I watch it?
W: If you must―but I don’t see the pleasure in watching two people fight each other.
M: It’s exciting. You should watch.
W: No way. I’m going to Mary’s. She just came back from Portugal.
M: Oh, she must have taken thousands of photos.
W: Well, I enjoy looking at them.
M: When she went to Spain, it took her three hours to show us all of them.
W: Yes, I’ll admit that was too much. But last year was better. She didn’t take so many in France.
M: Well, enjoy yourself. I was thinking of inviting some friends tonight to watch the match.
W: OK.
M: Do you mind if I cook them some hot dogs?
W: As long as you leave the kitchen tidy.
M: That’s great. Have you seen my phone? I’ll tell them the plan.
Text 9
W: You look excited. Did you finally get that promotion you’ve been hoping for?
M: No such luck―but I have been offered something that might be much better.
W: I can’t think of anything better than that.
M: Do you remember when we climbed that big hill last year?
W: Yes, it was beautiful. You could see over fields towards the beach and the sea.
M: Well, an old friend of mine wants to build a hotel there and wants me to be his partner.
W: But... would he be allowed to build a hotel there? It is a beauty spot.
M: He said it would all be OK. He just wants me to put in some money for the project.
W: But the money we have saved is for our wedding.
M: Just think, if we are partners in a hotel like that, we’ll be rich. You can have the best wedding ever.
W: But I just want the wedding we planned. I think you should think carefully about this. The plan may not be such a good idea.
Text 10
I often wonder, will the human race eventually manage to solve all the problems caused to the planet? It’s easy to feel negative about that question, but when I read an article about efforts being made I become more optimistic. I have been encouraged by items in the news. Shops in the UK have decided not to sell greetings cards with shiny pieces on them. Those are made of plastic and can cause pollution. Also, I read that more celebrities are spreading the word about what needs to be done to help the planet. But the most hopeful sign I saw is that children are being taught about what needs to do to save the planet. The future lies with them, so this is extremely important. It is easy to talk about what others should do, but what more can I do to personally solve the problem? Well, I can’t afford an electric car, so I won’t use one of those just yet. I already recycle everything I can, so I can’t do any more about that. But choosing organic food is something I intend to do more often. This type of food is produced without the use of chemicals, so it is better for our health as well as the planet.

第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
【答案】DAB
【文意】通过网络“云游”成都自然博物馆
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据● Hall of Diverse Life中的“Lifelike animal specimens are displayed throughout the exhibition hall, and visitors get immersed in the wonderful animal world. In addition, there is an AR screen for interaction, making this place a paradise for animal lovers! (栩栩如生的动物标本陈列在整个展厅，让游客沉浸在奇妙的动物世界中。此外，这里还有一个AR屏幕可供互动，让这里成为动物爱好者的天堂!)”可知，如果你喜欢动物，最好的选择是多样生命厅。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Opening time中的“Open at 9:00-17:00 from Tuesday to Sunday (visitors are not allowed to enter the museum after 16:30); closed on Monday. (周二至周日9:00-17:00开放(16:30后禁止入馆)；星期一关闭。)”可知，游客星期一上午10点不能进入博物馆。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For more information, please click https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1hjvAXvgRisrO1bO0d65TA. (更多信息请点击https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1hjvAXvgRisrO1bO0d65TA。)”可推断，本文可能来自网站。故选B。

B
【答案】ABCA
【文意】作者叙述了自己在金边做志愿者的经历，且主要讲的是从他们所住的旅店到他们所工作的孤儿院的一段45分钟旅程的所见所闻
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“We are setting out to work in an orphanage just outside Cambodia’s capital city.(我们开始在柬埔寨首都城外的一家孤儿院工作。)”和第四段“Finally we arrive at our destination: the oasis (令人快慰的地方) is Samrong Farm.(最后我们到达目的地：令人快慰的地方是桑荣农场。)”及“In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.(在这样的条件下，你会想象生活会很艰难，但你不会知道，会看到Samrong Orphanage居民温暖的笑容，听到他们的笑声)”可知，作者他们去的地方是桑荣农场孤儿院，Samrong Orphanage。故选A。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“The morning rush hour in Phnom Penh is crowded and chaotic. Kiwi directs our path between the trucks, 4×4 Lexus’ and countless motorbikes, which often carry entire families. (金边的早高峰拥挤而混乱。Kiwi在卡车、4×4雷克萨斯和无数摩托车之间指引我们的道路，这些摩托车通常载着整个家庭。)”可以看出，Kiwi开着嘟嘟车在拥挤的交通中间穿行，毫不畏惧，由此说明Kiwi很自信。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The stream along the side of the road is almost bone dry and vegetation is rare across the fields.(沿着路边的小溪几乎干涸，田野的植被稀疏。)”可知，沿着农场的路边几乎是光秃秃的田野。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“In such conditions you would imagine life to be hard, but you wouldn’t know it to see the warm smiles and hear the laughter of the residents at Samrong Orphanage.(在这样的条件下，你能想象到生活会很艰难，但你不会知道，会看到Samrong Orphanage居民温暖的笑容，听到他们的笑声。)”和最后一段“Compared to children in the Western World they have little and yet they give so much in generosity of spirit and enthusiasm for every day.(与西方世界的孩子相比，他们几乎没有什么，但他们每天都在慷慨地奉献精神和热情。)”可知，作者提到孩子们在贫穷的环境中仍然快乐，笑声不断，精神上慷慨富足，体现出孩子们对待生活的热情。故选A。

C
【答案】CDDB
【文意】介绍冰岛的一套先进的设备，培养出螺旋藻，可以用来替代牛肉，从而减少养牛对环境带来的影响
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“According to the study, for every kilogram of beef meat replaced with Icelandic Spirulina, consumers will save some 1,400 liters of water, 340 square meters of fertile land, and nearly 100 kilograms of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere. Moreover, the algae may be consumed in different forms, including as wet biomass, or in the form of paste, powder, or pill. For example, one can use Icelandic Spirulina powder as an ingredient in pasta, pancakes, and pastries, or drink an Icelandic Spirulina shake.(根据这项研究，用冰岛螺旋藻替代每公斤牛肉，消费者将节省约1400升水、340平方米肥沃土地和近100公斤排放到大气中的温室气体。此外，藻类可以以不同的形式消耗，包括作为湿生物质，或以糊状、粉末状或丸剂的形式消耗。例如，人们可以使用冰岛螺旋藻粉作为意大利面、煎饼和糕点的配料，或者喝冰岛螺旋藻奶昔)”可知，冰岛螺旋藻的特点是环保的。故选C。
2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“While the role of meat in human diets has been helpful，its ecological footprint is considerable and harmful. Raising beef cattle requires arable lands and feeds, and emits greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change and global warming. As the demand for animal-source proteins grows, so do the damages caused by the animal breeding. As a response, humanity is searching for novel ways to ensure its nutritional security. (虽然肉类在人类饮食中的作用是有益的，但它的生态足迹是相当大的，也是有害的。饲养肉牛需要耕地和饲料，并向大气排放温室气体，导致气候变化和全球变暖。随着对动物源蛋白质需求的增长，动物育种造成的损害也在增加。作为回应，人类正在寻找新的方法来确保其营养安全)”可知，第三段主要讲了饲养肉牛的负面影响。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“All consumers must do is adopt a bit of Icelandic Spirulina into their meals and diets instead of beef meat. It’s healthier, safer, and more sustainable. Whatever change we wish to see in the world should be clearly shown in our dietary choices.(所有消费者必须做的就是在他们的饮食中加入一点冰岛螺旋藻，而不是牛肉。它更健康、更安全、更可持续。无论我们希望世界发生什么变化，都应该在我们的饮食选择中清楚地体现出来)”可知，消费者应该在日常饮食上做出明智的选择。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。本文第一段与第二段介绍了冰岛螺旋藻的优点，第三段介绍养牛的弊端，第四段介绍为什么冰岛螺旋藻被选为牛肉的替代品，最后一段Dr. Asaf Tzachor表达了对消费者的期待。通过对比螺旋藻与牛肉，Dr. Asaf Tzachor 希望消费者在日常饮食中选择螺旋藻而不是牛肉，从而拯救我们的星球。B选项“用这个代替牛肉”最符合文章标题。故选B。

D
【答案】AACD
【文意】科学研究发现，大量蜜蜂聚集在一起时，会在空中产生高强度的静电，其他飞虫（比如蝗虫等）也有类似现象
【解析】
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“While Ellard Hunting and fellow researchers were out studying the weather at a field station in England, they noticed something unexpected on their instruments. (当埃拉德·亨特和其他研究人员在英国的一个野外站研究天气时，他们在仪器上注意到一些意想不到的东西。)”可知，当仪器上发生意想不到的事情时，研究人员在做研究天气。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Scientists believe a bee’s charge helps pollen stick to it and signals to other bees which flowers have already been visited.(科学家们认为，蜜蜂的电荷可以帮助花粉粘附在蜜蜂身上，并向其他蜜蜂发出已经去过花的信号。)”可知，蜜蜂的电荷有向其他蜜蜂发出信号的作用。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Clouds of these insects can span up to 1,200 square kilometres and contain roughly 30 million locusts per square kilometer.(这些昆虫的云团跨度可达1200平方公里，每平方公里约有3000万只蝗虫。)”可知，蝗虫的规模是巨大的。由此可知，此处biblical的含义是“巨大的”，与grand同义。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists hope to continue exploring how biology influences physics and are curious to know if something similar is happening with other wildlife, such as birds and bats.(科学家们希望继续探索生物学如何影响物理学，并好奇地知道类似的事情是否也发生在其他野生动物身上，如鸟类和蝙蝠。)”可知，科学家接下来会研究：其他野生动物大量聚集的时候是否会产生大量静电，比如鸟类和蝙蝠。故选D。

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
【答案】DEFCG
【文意】在菜园里种菜给我们的成长带来的益处
【解析】
1.由下文“It is more than just a practical exercise. It is something that makes you a better person.”（这不仅仅是一个实践练习。这会让你成为一个更好的人。）故可推知，空处讲种植你自己的食物的益处。结合选项D Growing your own food in your garden can help you grow, too.（在你的花园里种植你自己的食物也可以帮助你成长。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选D项
2.由空格处位于该段句尾，故可知，为总结该段内容。根据空前上文“You can be more resilient (有适应力的). Resilience is about how we react to changing circumstances with mental strength.”（有适应力的。有适应力是指我们如何用精神力量应对不断变化的环境。）可知，结合选项E项Then you’ll be more able to deal with whatever challenges life brings.（这样你就更有能力处理生活带来的任何挑战）与该段意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选E项。
3.根据空前“You can build more skills. Becoming resilient involves being able to take a greater level of control over your own basic needs.”（你可以培养更多的技能。变得有适应力意味着能够更大程度地控制自己的基本需求。）及空后“You can build skills not only in gardening, but also in other skills like DIY, crafting, repair, cooking, and food preservation as you create and tend your garden and process the produce you grow.”（你不仅可以培养园艺技能，还可以培养其他技能，如DIY、手工制作、修理、烹饪和食物保存，因为你可以创建和管理你的花园，加工你种植的农产品。）故可推知，空格处为作为园艺人士对自己的提高。F项As a gardener, you can build vital skills for higher levels of self-reliance.（作为一名园艺人士，你可以培养获得更高水平的自立所需的能力）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
4.由该题为段落标题题，可知为总结该段内容。根据空后的内容“Gardening can allow you to reduce daily concerns as you can harvest a lot from your space. This leaves more time and space for other considerations. You learn to look beyond your own basic needs and recognize the needs of others—human and non-human—in the world around you.”（园艺可以让你减少日常烦恼，因为你可以从你的空间里收获很多。这为其他考虑留下了更多的时间和空间。你学会超越自己的基本需求，认识到周围世界中其他人类和非人类的需求。）可知，讲的主要是超越自己的基本需求。C项You can learn to look beyond your own needs.（你会学会考虑超越自己需求的问题）与此内容一致，为总结该段内容。故选C项。
5.根据空前“If you have a garden, you are in a fortunate position.”（如果你有一个花园，你就很幸运了。）及空后“Recognizing the gifts that nature gives you can help to increase your compassion, to recognize that others are less fortunate, and to reach out to others in a wide range of ways.”（认识到大自然给予你的礼物可以帮助你增强同情心，认识到别人不那么幸运，并以多种方式与他人接触。）故可推知，空格处内容为有花园后的认知，和下文一起构成上文的解释说明。G项This is something that you will come to appreciate when you use your garden to the fullest.（当你充分利用你的菜园时，你就会明白这一点）与此推断内容一致。上下文语意连贯。故选G项。

第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
【答案】BDCBA CACDA BDCAB
【文意】坐轮椅的莱德需要候车亭来遮风避雨，教建筑技术的丹·麦凯纳组织自己的学生为他制作了一个，这彰显出这个世界和城市存在着善行与美好
【解析】
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当莱德开始上幼儿园时，他每天都要被推到车道尽头75英尺的地方等校车。A. driven驾驶，驱赶；B. pushed推；C. hidden隐藏；D. carried提，搬。根据上文“Ryder Killam started using a wheelchair at two.”和句中“to the end of the driveway to wait for the school bus”可知，坐轮椅的莱德需要被推去等校车。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等公共汽车的时候，他不得不冒着雨、风和雪，所以他的父亲蒂姆在院子里撑了一把伞，为他提供一些保护。A. survive活下来，幸存；B. observe注意到，观察到；C. admire钦佩，仰慕；D. battle与……作战，和……斗争。根据上文可知，坐轮椅的莱德需要在车道尽头等校车，结合常识可知，等待的过程中会遭遇各种恶劣天气，即“与各种恶劣天气斗争”。故选D项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在等公共汽车的时候，他不得不冒着雨、风和雪，所以他的父亲蒂姆在院子里撑了一把庭院伞，为他提供一些保护。A. decoration装饰，装饰品；B. experience经历，遭遇；C. protection保护，防护；D. entertainment娱乐，娱乐表演。根据句上“his father Tim put up a patio umbrella (庭院伞)”可知，父亲撑了一把庭院伞的目的是给莱德遮风避雨，提供一些保护。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这并没有多大作用，除非是一个没有风的雨天，否则他还是会被淋湿，无法保暖。A. snow雪，积雪；B. wind风，气流；C. fog雾；D. frost霜。根据句中“otherwise he still   would get wet and not stay warm.”可知，如果遇到风雨天，尽管撑了一把庭院伞，莱德还是会被淋湿。所以除非是一个没有风的雨天，否则庭院伞是没有多大作用的。故选B项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：蒂姆向社区求助，想要一间旧候车亭，但运气不太好。A. reached out伸出，寻求帮助；B. gave in屈服；C. held on不挂断电话，等一下；D. set down放下。根据句中“to the community for an old bus”可知，父亲向社区寻求帮助。故选A项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他在Facebook上发了一个帖子，看看是否有人能帮莱德造一个新的。A. found找到，发现；B. sought寻找；C. placed放置，登(广告等)；D. answered回答。根据句中“a post on Facebook”可知，父亲在Facebook登了一个求助贴。故选C项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一直教授建筑技术的丹·麦凯纳回复说“当然”。A. absolutely(强调同意或允许)当然；B. obviously显然，显而易见；C. impossibly不可能地；D. incredibly难以置信地。根据下文“Three of Mr Mckena’s classes at Westerly High School　　8　　 the project. They worked hard for numerous weeks”可知，丹·麦肯纳答应帮助蒂姆造一个候车亭，所以他给出的是肯定的回答。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦凯纳先生在韦斯特利高中的三个班级发起了这个项目。A. completed完成；B. abandoned抛弃；C. launched启动；D. rejected拒绝。根据下文“They worked hard for numerous weeks”可知，麦凯纳先生的三个班开始着手制造候车亭，启动了这个项目。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们为这一目标而努力工作了好几个星期，他们知道严酷的冬天很快就要来临。A. shocked使震惊，使惊愕；B. confused使糊涂，使迷惑；C. reminded提醒；D. motivated激励，成为……的动机。根据句中“cause”和上文可知，学生们知道他们是在帮助坐轮椅的莱德制造候车亭，这是一种值得为之付出的慈善行为，所以是这一目标(cause)激励着他们。故选D项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们为这一目标而努力工作了好几个星期，他们知道严酷的冬天很快就要来临。A. hard(季节，天气)严酷的，凛冽的；B. mild不严重的，轻微的；C. dry干的；D. late晚的，迟的。根据句中“winter”可知，凛冽的寒冬即将到来，所以他们需要抓紧时间。故选A项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它足够大，可以让莱德和一个成年人舒服地和他呆在一起。A. variety多样化，变化；B. access(使用或见到的)机会，权利，使用；C. passion激情，热情；D. treasure财富。根据句中“big enough”可知，候车亭很大，足够让莱德和一个成年人一起使用。故选B项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱德的第一反应是“哇!完美!”。A. choice选择；B. action行动；C. decision决定；D. reaction反应。根据句中“Wow! Perfectly!”可知，这是莱德看到候车亭的反应。故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人寄了一张莱德在候车亭的照片，并感谢丹和他的学生们的辛勤工作。A. station车站；B. company公司；C. shelter遮蔽物，庇护处；D. seat座位。根据上文可知，候车亭是用来给莱德遮风避雨的，所以是“庇护处”。故选C项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些少年非常兴奋地看到他们的项目如何帮助了别人。A. excited激动的，兴奋的；B. lucky幸运的，走运的；C. astonished十分震惊的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据句中“to see just how their project has helped others.”可推知，学生们看到自己制作的候车亭真正帮助到了莱德，他们会感到激动和兴奋。故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这表明，这个世界和这个城市还有很多美好的东西!。A. conflict争执，争论；B. good正直的行为，善行；C. misfortune厄运，不幸；D. fun乐趣。根据上文可知，麦凯纳先生和他三个班的学生免费为莱德制作了候车亭，这一行为表明这个世界和这个城市还是存在着美好的东西，存在着善行。故选B项。

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
【答案】
1. was formed
2. The
3. careful
4. has completed
5. giving
6. usually
7. which/that
8. workers
9. of
10. to go
【文意】中国国际搜救队及其救援人员
【解析】
1.was formed.考查时态和语态。句意：中国国际搜救队成立于2001年，目前由数百名救援人员和大约20只嗅探犬组成。根据时间状语in 2001可知，应用一般过去时，form与主语The China International Search and Rescue Team之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was formed。
2.The.考查冠词。句意：该团队为那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人带来了帮助和希望。句中team指的是前文中的The China International Search and Rescue Team,表示特指，应用定冠词the。故填The。
3.careful.考查形容词。句意：经过长期细致的训练，该小组于2003年开始了第一次国际救援任务。分析句子，空处与long并列，修饰名词training,应用形容词形式作定语，结合语意，应用careful,表示"细致的"。故填careful。
4.has completed.考查时态。句意：自那时以来，CISAR已经完成了许多任务，包括治疗2006年印度尼西亚地震中受伤的3000人，以及花费数月时间为巴基斯坦2010年洪水中的25000多名受害者提供援助。句中since表示"自从"，表示动作从过去持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，主语the CISAR是单数，谓语应用has completed。故填has completed。
5.giving.考查动名词。句意：自那时以来，CISAR已经完成了许多任务，包括治疗2006年印度尼西亚地震中受伤的3000人，以及花费数月时间为巴基斯坦2010年洪水中的25000多名受害者提供援助。分析句子，空处作非谓语动词，spend some time doing sth.是固定短语，表示"花费时间做某事"。故填giving。
6.usually.考查副词。句意：他们必须在非常危险的条件下做通常很困难的工作。分析句子，空处修饰形容词difficult,应用副词形式作状语，usually是副词，表示"通常"。故填usually。
7.which/that.考查定语从句。句意：他们必须在非常危险的条件下做通常很困难的工作。分析句子，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词conditions,先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
8.workers.考查名词复数。句意：救援人员要去拯救生命，但他们也必须埋葬死者。根据下文中they可知，此处表示不止一位救援人员，应用名词的复数形式。故填workers。
9.of.考查介词。句意：冒着生命危险去救别人的生命需要很多爱和勇气。a number of是固定短语，表示"许多"，符合题意。故填of。
10.to go.考查不定式。句意：CISAR的成员随时准备去任何需要帮助的地方。be ready to do sth.是固定短语，表示"准备好做某事"。故填to go。

第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
One possible version:
My dream job
Good morning, everyone. Speaking of the ideal job, writing never fails to fascinate me, so my dream job is to become a novelist.
Through writing, I’m able to create a unique world where I can express my views and emotions to more people. It hits me that writing enlarges something tiny and ordinary, making people realize the other side of the world. Besides, I’m willing to cheer others up with the stories I write.
As is known to all, becoming a novelist is tough and challenging. I will spare no effort to pursue my dream and I believe I will become an outstanding novelist. That’s all. Thanks.

第二节 (满分25分)
One possible version:
She watched the dirty plates and spoons with big round eyes. A moment later, she put on the plastic gloves slowly but then she was struck by a thought, “Somebody will see these dishes and do it!” She dropped the gloves on the ground and returned to the cash counter waiting for customers to pay for their orders. Her father, standing in the back of the kitchen, witnessed what Hari did just now. Obviously, he was aware of Hari’s thinking.
Hari’s father picked up the gloves and started washing the dishes. Hari was shocked, “Dad, you shouldn’t do the dishes! You are the owner of this company, not an ordinary employee!” Hari’s father looked at her, “Darling, I’m an ordinary man. Always! I worked hard for you like these employees’ parents did. We all are the same even if I am the owner and you are my daughter.” With deep regret, Hari went back to the words, and then she wore the gloves. Her father smiled, “You seriously think that I will let you do it alone?” They both had a good laugh.