2023年中考第一次模拟考试卷英语（山西卷）（全解全析）

这是一份2023年中考第一次模拟考试卷英语（山西卷）（全解全析），共20页。试卷主要包含了 本试卷分两部分， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年中考英语第一次模拟考试卷
英 语
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分两部分。全卷共16页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟（听力测试大约20分钟）。
2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。
3. 答案全部在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
听力部分（共20分）
一、情景反应（每小题1分，共5分）
本题共5个小题，每小题你将听到一组对话。请你从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中，选出与你所听到的信息相关联的一项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1.
A B C
2.
A B C
3.
A B C
4.
A B C
5.
A B C
二、对话理解（每小题1分，共5分）
本题共5个小题，每小题你将听到一组对话和一个问题。请你从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
6. A. To be a pilot. B. To be translator. C. To be a scientist.
7. A. In May. B. In June. C. In July.
8. A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By bike.
9. A. In the museum. B. In the library. C. In the cinema.
10. A. He has never seen the film.
B. It is his favorite movie.
C. The movie is the best in his eyes.
三、语篇理解（每小题1分，共5分）
本题你将听到一篇短文。请你根据短文内容和所提出的5个问题，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
11. What activity did the students in Class 6 hold this year?
A. study trip. B. rubbish recycling. C. speech contest.
12. When did Class 6 start to prepare for the activity?
A. On April 29th. B. On April 19th. C. On April 22nd.
13. How did the students feel when they watched the art works?
A. Surprised. B. Excited. C. Sad.
14. Who made a special model robot?
A. Li Mei. B. Lin Li. C. Wang Lei.
15. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The activity made every student enjoy the beauty of life.
B. Students understood the importance of protecting the environment better.
C. Success can be achieved through hard work and creative ideas.
四、听力填空（每小题1分，共5分）
本题你将听到一篇短文。请你根据所听内容，完成下面的表格，并将获取的信息填到答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
A Piece of Breaking News
Problems
◇ More and more teenagers 16 to sleep for a proper period of time on school days.
◇ Nearly 17 percent of ninth graders have trouble in sleeping.
Results
◇ It is harmful to the students’ mental and physical health if they don’t have 18 sleeping time, and may increase the risk of developing illness.
Actions
◇ Cut out some useless homework to avoid repeating similar 19 .
◇ Reduce the pressure from learning.
◇ Pay attention to teenagers’ mental health 20 .
【答案】1-5 BCAAC6-10 BCCBC11-15 BBABB16.fail 17.91 18.enough 19.exercises 20.completely
笔试部分（共100分）
五、补全对话（每小题1分，共5分）
下面是手机群聊的界面，请根据聊天内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。
A: Hi, Grace. Lovely weather, isn’t it?
B: Yes, so cool! Let’s go to school together.
A: Sure. What are you going to do after class?
B: I have no idea. ___________21___________
A: I’ll have a math exam next week. I want to look for some important books and study in the library. ___________22___________
B: Sure. I’d love to. I need to return some books to the library. ________23________
A: Great. We can play badminton after that.
B: That sounds like a good idea. _________24_________
A: Well, that’s a good question. I haven’t played it for several weeks. ________25________
B: OK. Let’s make it. Oh, it’s almost 8:00. Let’s hurry.
A. I think I need more practice.
B. And I can also read some magazines there.
C. Would you like to join us?
D. What about you?
E. What can I do for you?
F. What time do you go to school?
G. Are you good at badminton?
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】在对话中，AB二人谈论了课余活动的话题，约定下课后一起去打羽毛球。
21. D根据A的回答I want to look for some important books and study in the library.可知B在反问，备选句子What about you?符合句意，故选D。
22. C根据B的回答Sure. I’d love to.可知A给了建议，备选句子Would you like to join us?符合句意，故选C。
23. B根据上文I need to return some books to the library.可知And I can also read some magazines there.符合句意，故选B。
24. G根据A的回答Well, that’s a good question. I haven’t played it for several weeks.可知对方问了一个打羽毛球的问题，备选句子Are you good at badminton?符合句意，故选G。
25. A根据上文I haven’t played it for several weeks.可知需要练习，备选句子I think I need more practice.符合句意，故选A。
六、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分）
请阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
At the end of my first year of high school, I realized I needed to find a summer job. I was tired of having to ask my parents for 　26　. I wanted to go to the shopping center or movies with friends without having to ask for $20 from my parents. I imagined having a job at a store or at a summer camp where I could play games with children. But what actually happened was 　27　. The only job I managed to find was cleaning up tables at a local restaurant. 
At first, the idea of clearing tables upset me. The thought of getting up at dawn (黎明) to go clean up after people made me 　28　 ever asking for a job. The first day was terribly busy. I was running around, racing to get a table ready for the waiting customers. I’ll never forget how 　29　 I felt that day, but I’ll also never forget sitting down for lunch with my co-workers for the first time. People my age or ten years older all sat together and talked about their days. All of a sudden I was a part of that, and it felt good to be so 　30　. 
I’ve now worked at the restaurant for almost one year. I’ve learned to be happy about getting up so early, because I know there’re going to be a few good 　31　 every day there. 
From starting there as a shy student, I’ve been able to grow into a person that can go up and 　32　 anyone, at work or anywhere else. I’m also not as sensitive(敏感的) as I used to be—getting an impolite customer might make me feel bad, but very soon I can laugh it off with my co-workers.The little job has given me so much, and I can’t wait to go back and continue to 　33　 from my experience. 
26.A.food B.money C.attention
27.A.exciting B.encouraging C.disappointing
28.A.forget B.enjoy C.regret
29.A.tired B.happy C.curious
30.A.loved B.missed C.included
31.A.dishes B.choices C.moments
32.A.find B.greet C.push
33.A.grow B.stand C.rest
【答案与解析】
[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。文章记叙了作者在高中时寻找兼职打工的经历。作者开始对枯燥辛苦的餐厅工作很抵触,但随着时间的推移,他逐渐从这份工作中有所收获。
26.B　根据下文语境可知,“我”想要和朋友出去玩,但是不想和父母要钱,上文也提到“我”意识到自己需要去找一份暑期兼职。ask sb. for sth.表示“向某人要求、索求某物”。故选B。
27.C　根据上下文语境可知,“我”想象中的工作是美好的,而But表示转折,说明本句和前面提到的情况不同,后文提到只找到了在餐厅清理桌子的工作,下文中的upset也提示“我”应该是感到失望的。exciting令人激动的;encouraging振奋人心的;disappointing令人失望的。故选C。
28.C　根据上文“我”想到这个工作的内容就不开心可知,对于找了这份工作“我”感到后悔。故选C。
29.A　根据上文语境可知,第一天工作非常忙碌,可推知“我”感到非常累。故选A。
30.C　根据前文可知,“我”在吃饭的时候和其他员工一起,融入了这个集体。included 表示“被包含在内”。故选C。
31.C　根据上下文语境可知,“我”发现了这份工作的乐趣,每天早起也开心,因为工作有一些开心的时刻。故选C。dish盘子,choice 选择,moment 时刻。
32.B　根据前面的shy(害羞)和下文提到的“我”不再像以前那样敏感可知,“我”变得开朗,能够走上前去和别人打招呼。故选B。greet问候,和(某人)打招呼。
33.A　根据全文内容可知,这份兼职工作让“我”变得开朗大方。所以“我”很期待继续去工作,并且从经历中继续成长。故选A。grow成长;stand 站立;rest 休息。
七、阅读理解（这一部分共五篇短文，A至D篇每篇短文后有五个小题，E篇后有六个小题，每小题2分，共52分)
(A)
请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
(Three friends are talking about Weifang kites.)

@Dale ___34___
@Rose I’m watching a TV program.


@Dale Hello. ___35___
It’s about Weifang kites.


Where’s Weifang?
@Kate You’re right. ___36___ There’s an international kite festival there every April. Many local (当地的) people are good at making kites.

It’s in Shandong. It has a long history of making kites.

I hear that a woman called Yang Hongwei is an inheritor (传承人) of the Weifang kite-making technique (技术). ___37___
Yes. I’m watching her story on TV now.


___38___ I think it’s really hard to make kites.
She learned it from her grandpa. She said she would try to spread it around the whole world and to the next generation (下一代)


A. It’s the birthplace of kites.
B. Sounds fun.
C. What are you doing?
D. Who taught her to do it?
E. What’s it about?
F. No problem.
G. She can make all kinds of beautiful kites.
【答案】34. C 35. E 36. A 37. G 38. D
【解析】本文是三个朋友谈论潍坊风筝的对话。
34根据“@Rose I’m watching a TV program.”可知，此处是问正在干什么，选项C“你在做什么？”符合语境，故选C。
35根据“It’s about Weifang kites.”可知，此处是问电视节目是关于什么，选项E“它是关于什么的？”符合语境，故选E。
36根据“It’s in Shandong. It has a long history of making kites.”及“You’re right.”可知，此处是在评论山东潍坊，选项A“它是风筝的发源地。”符合语境，故选A。
37根据“I hear that a woman called Yang Hongwei is an inheritor of the Weifang kite-making technique.”可知，此处在谈论潍坊风筝制作技术的传承人，选项G“她会做各种漂亮的风筝。”符合语境，故选G。
38根据“She learned it from her grandpa.”可知，此处是问谁教她做的风筝，选项D“谁教她做的？”符合语境，故选D。

(B)
请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
Seventy percent of our planet is covered by one huge body of seawater-the ocean. In 2008, the United Nations recognized(确立) June 8 as World Oceans Day. It's a day to think about the important role that the oceans play in our lives, the dangers that our oceans are facing and the action we can take to protect them.
The ocean is home to the most of plants and animals on Earth. Plants in the sea provide us with 70 percent of O2 we breathe. The ocean controls our climate (气候), providing heat in winter and cool air in summer. It also provides us with food and medicine. No matter where you live on the planet, no matter how far from the sea, your life is dependent on the ocean.
The biggest problem facing the ocean at the moment is plastic pollution. Reducing single-use plastic, including plastic bags and plastic bottles, has been an important theme for World Oceans Day for a number of years.
Climate change and rising sea temperatures are also a huge problem. Rising sea temperatures have a direct influence on weather patterns and are seen as partly responsible for an increase in extreme (极端的) weather.
The day is celebrated in all kinds of ways, including special events on the beach, river clean-ups, school activities, art contests and film festivals. You can join in to remind people about the importance of our oceans and to make a difference.
39. What percent of our planet is covered with seawater?
A. 30% B. 40% C. 70%
40. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. The ocean provides us with heat and cool air.
B. Our life is dependent on the ocean.
C. The ocean provides us with food and medicine
41. What is the biggest problem facing the ocean?
A. Plastic pollution. B. Reducing single-use plastic. C. Air pollution.
42. What is partly responsible for an increase of extreme weather?
A. Climate change. B. Rising sea temperatures. C. Weather patterns.
43. How do people celebrate World Oceans Day?
A. Eating out together. B. Having a meeting. C. Holding special events.
【答案】39. C 40. B 41. A 42. B 43. C
【解析】地球的70%被海洋覆盖着，海洋是地球上大多数动植物的家园，为我们提供了我们呼吸的70%的氧气。然而海洋正面临着塑料污染、气候变化和海水温度上升等问题。联合国确立世界海洋日来提醒人们海洋的重要性。
39细节理解题。根据第1段中“Seventy percent of our planet is covered by one huge body of seawater-the ocean.”可知地球上的百分之七十被海水覆盖。故选C。
40段落大意题。根据第2段内容及最后一句“No matter where you live on the planet, no matter how far from the sea, your life is dependent on the ocean.”可知我们的生活依赖于海洋。故选B。
41细节理解题。根据第3段中“The biggest problem facing the ocean at the moment is plastic pollution.”可知海洋面临的最大问题是塑料污染。故选A。
42细节理解题。根据第4段中“Rising sea temperatures have a direct influence on weather patterns and are seen as partly responsible for an increase in extreme weather.”可知不断上升的海水温度被视为极端天气增加的部分原因。故选B。
43细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The day is celebrated in all kinds of ways, including special events on the beach, river clean-ups, school activities, art contests and film festivals.”可知人们举办特别活动来庆祝世界海洋日。故选
C。
(C)
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，选项中有一项为多余项。

Colors and moods(情绪)
Some people believe that colors can influence our moods.____44____. In fact, colors can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic (充满活力的) or sleepy. This article explains what colors can do and what characteristics(特点) they represent(代表).
Energetic colors
When you feel tired or weak, you should wear energetic colors like green. ____45____, as it is the color of nature and represents new life.
Strong colors
If you require strength in either body or mind, red may be of some help to you. Red is the color of heat. It represents power and strong feelings. Wearing red can also make it easier to take action. ____46____.
Calm colors
Have you ever walked into a room and felt relaxed? It could be because the walls were painted blue. Blue is a calm color. It brings peace to our mind and body. ____47____, so you may say “I'm feeling blue” when you feeling sad.
____48____
Some colors, such as orange and yellow, can make you feel warm. People in cold areas prefer warm colors in their homes to create a warm and comfortable feelings. Orange represents joy. It can cheer you up when you are feeling sad. Yellow is the color of the sun, so it can remind you of a warm sunny day. Yellow is also the color of wisdom (智慧). Some people prefer this color when they hope for success.
A. Warm colors
B. Green can give you energy.
C. Blue can also represent sadness.
D. You may wonder whether it is true.
E. Others think that colors can change people's moods.
F. This may help when you are having difficulty making a decision.
【答案】44. E 45. B 46. F 47. C 48. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍颜色能影响并改变人的情绪；解释了一些颜色代表的特点和它们怎样对人的情绪产生影响。
44句意：其他人认为颜色能改变人的情绪。
根据前一句“Some people believe that colors can influence our moods”可知此处讲述的是一些人的看法，另一些人的看法。选择与others think that有关的句子。故选E。
45句意：绿色可以给你能量。
根据前一句“you should wear energetic colors like green”可知此和绿色green有关；根据“as it is the color of nature and represents new life”可知绿色是大自然的颜色代表新的生命，此处讲述绿色好的一方面。故选B。
46句意：当你做决定有困难时，这可能有用。
根据前文“Wearing red can also make it easier to take action”穿红色的衣服也让做决定变得跟容易。F选项“help when you are having difficulty making a decision”与红色有关。故选F。
47句意：蓝色也代表悲伤。
根据后文“you may say ‘I'm feeling blue’ when you feeling sad”当你伤心的时候你会说“I'm feeling blue”，可知此处讲述蓝色和伤心sadness有关。故选C。
48句意：暖色。
根据“Some colors, such as orange and yellow, can make you feel warm”一些颜色，例如橘色和黄色可以让你感觉温暖。可知此处的小标题与暖色有关。故选A。
(D)
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。
Our feelings influence almost every decision we make. Instead of living a boring life, positive (积极的) feelings can help us a lot. The pity is that sometimes we become victims of feelings.
In one of my latest books, I compare people’s ability to controls (控制) on a media player. Just like the controls can help you enjoy wonderful songs, these methods will be choices for you to manage feelings successfully.
Pause.
Take time to stop and think before you speak or act. Of course, you may feel sorry if you like doing something without thinking-like sending an angry email or posting something bad on social media. If you feel your feelings getting out of control, pause. If possible, go for a short walk. Once you've calmed down, decide how you want to move forward.
Volume control
Have you ever noticed that when speaking with someone, your style or tone is a mirror (镜子) of the person's you are speaking to? If you stay calm or quiet, they'll follow you. Shout or scream, and they'll do just like you. If a discussion starts to become worse, try to change it by softening your tone or lowering your voice.
Record
If you want to learn more about another person’s thoughts, recording, one way of careful listening, may help. You don't need to reply at once; you're listening to understand. Through careful listening, you often see things you didn’t see before and can even discover misunderstandings you didn’t know. Don't judge or offer advice before you know more about others and the topic.
阅读以上信息, 用恰当单词完成下面的短文, 每空一词。
Sometimes, our decisions are affected by our feelings. If you keep positive feelings, you can ___49___ living a boring life. Some methods can help you ___50___in controlling your feelings. First, doing without thinking may make you ___51___what you've said or done. It's wise of you to pause when your feelings become bad. Second, when speaking with someone, the other person usually offers you a reply in the ___52___ style or tone. So controlling volume is very important. What’s more, recording is one way of careful listening, with the ___53___ of learning more about another person's thoughts. Follow this way, you can judge or offer suggestions.
【答案】49. avoid 50. succeed 51. regret 52. calm / quiet 53. help
【解析】我们的感受几乎能影响我们做的每一个决定，因此我们要学会控制自己的情感。文章中作者用我们控制媒体播放器就能欣赏美妙的歌曲为例，教我们一些管理自己情感的方法。
49根据短文第一段Instead of living a boring life, positive (积极的) feelings can help us a lot.可知，“积极的情感能帮助我们不过无聊的生活”，故这里应填avoid，意为“避免”，后面常跟动名词作宾语。
50根据短文第二段最后一句话Just like the controls can help you enjoy wonderful songs, these methods will be choices for you to manage feelings successfully.可知，这些方法可以帮助我们成功地管理我们的情感。题目中这句话使用的句型是help sb. do sth.因此这里应填动词succeed。
51根据短文第三段Of course, you may feel sorry if you like doing something without thinking可知，如果你不经过思考就去做一些事，你可能会感到后悔的。题目中使用了句型make sb. do sth.，因此这里应填动词regret，“后悔”。
52根据短文第四段If you stay calm or quiet, they'll follow you.可知，跟别人说话的时候，你说话的方式和音调要保持平静，这样对方也会跟随你的音调。由此可知这里应填calm或者quiet。
53根据短文最后一段If you want to learn more about another person’s thoughts, recording, one way of careful listening, may help可知，“如果你想更多地了解别人的想法，录音，一种仔细聆听的方法可能是有帮助的”，题目中考查了短语with the help of…在…的帮助下，故这里应填help。
(E)
请阅读下面的非连续性文本，根据语篇内容，回答问题。
Located in the northeast, Sanxingdui Museum is famous for its long history and splendid culture. It is a modern museum which is 40 kilometers from the north of Chengdu.
The Sanxingdui Ruins drew the world’s attention. Chinese historians announced that they have found more than 500 cultural relics (文物) in six pits (坑) at the site, which dates back over 3,200 years.

The Sanxingdui Ruins were found by accident. A farmer found them in 1929 when he was digging ditch (挖渠). People found some artifacts, but didn’t know how important they were. After 1986, some experts thought these pits were used for sacrifices (祭祀). But they were not sure. The new findings show that they were right. In October 2020, the newest relics were found in six pits. A group of researchers began to unearth (发掘) them.
Where do we come from?
The ancient Shu civilization that built Sanxingdui is believed to be one of the earliest examples of Chinese civilization. Its discovery made experts think more about where Chinese civilization (文明) started. It seems that it started not only along the Yellow River, but also along the Yangtze River.
Are there any new findings? How were the relics found? What do they mean? Why is Sanxingdui important? Let’s find out the mysteries!
Bronze (铜) heavenly tree

Among the findings, the huge bronze (铜) heavenly tree is no doubt one of the largest and one of the most mysterious. 花费了八年的时间来重建这棵铜树。Experts say that the tree should be even higher as its treetop is still missing. They believe it reflects the strong and rich ancient Shu.
Bronze figure statue

The “highest” ruler is this giant standing bronze figure, which is 260.8 centimeters high. It is the largest and the oldest of its kind that has been found so far. But no matter who he was, the statue was certainly used as a ritual object. It stands for the great power of ancient Shu.
54. Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

55. Please complete the timetable

56. What is the historical meaning of the Sanxingdui Ruins?

57. What do the Bronze heavenly tree and Bronze figure statue commonly show?

58. Please translate the underlined sentence into English.

59. Are you interested in the historical relics? Why or why not?

【答案】
54.它是一个离成都北面 40 公里处的现代博物馆。
55.A group of researchers began to unearth the newest relics in six pits.
56.The Sanxingdui shows where the Chinese civilization is./The discovery of the
Sanxingdui may prove that the Chinese civilization is not only along the Yellow River, but also along the Yangtze River./.
57.They all show the great power in ancient Shu./They show how rich and strong the Shu is.
58. It took 8 years to rebuild the Bronze tree.
59.Yes,I am. I can learn the story behind the relics./I can know more about the history.

八、词语运用（每小题1分，共20分）
A.
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。
Music is good for us． According to the new study（研究）from the World Health Organization（WHO）， music can 60 us happier and healthier． For example， when I feel tired， listening to some classical music helps me relax． When I'm down， I prefer pop music 61 of hope and energy （能量）． 62 is easy for me to fall asleep with soft music． Some doctors have found a fact — people 63 love music may live longer．
Near my neighborhood， a man and 64 wife own a small music house with mood music（情调音乐）． Teenagers like to spend time here while musicians are 65 different kinds of music． Sometimes， we are lucky to hear some famous singers sing songs written 66 themselves． The songs are 67 beautiful that we sing along with them． We communicate with one another in this special language． The most moving music is Chinese folk music． It 68 only reminds us of the old days but also brings us sweet memories．
Every one of us， rich or poor， young or old， may have at 69 one favorite song． Music will be together with us forever．
【答案与解析】
60make考查动词。根据意思：音乐可以使我们更快乐、更健康。make +adj．can后面加动词原形，故填make。
61full考查形容词。根据意思：当我情绪低落时，我喜欢充满希望和能量的流行音乐。充满full of，故填full。
62It考查代词。根据意思：我很容易在轻柔的音乐中入睡．it is +adj．+for sb to do 对某人来说干某事是……的，故填It．。
63who考查疑问代词。根据意思：一些医生发现了一个事实——热爱音乐的人可能活得更长。定语从句，先行词是人，故用who。
64his考查代词。根据意思：在我家附近，一个男人和他的妻子拥有一个有情调音乐的小音乐屋。他的妻子，故用his。
65playing考查动词。根据意思：音乐家则在这里演奏不同种类的音乐。现在进行时态，be doing，故填playing。
66by考查介词。根据意思：有时，我们很幸运地听到一些著名的歌手唱自己写的歌。某人自己by oneself，故填by。
67so考查形容词。根据意思：这些歌是如此美，我们与他们一起唱．so... that 如此……以至于……，故填so。
68not考查副词。根据意思：它不仅让我们想起过去的日子，而且带给我们美好的回忆。not only...but also 不但……而且……，故填not。
69least考查形容词。根据意思：我们每个人，无论贫富，无论老少，都可能至少有一首最喜欢的歌。至少at least，故填least。
B.
请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个词为多余项。
quiet, they, strong, interest, two, like, unless, once，choice, but, if, how

The secrets of self-control

A new book, the bestseller, Willpower, says that having strong willpower (意志力) is necessary to a successful life.
The book starts by describing a famous experiment: The Marshmallow (软糖) Test. In 1972, a psychology (心理学) professor Mischel tested the willpower of 600 kids. In the experiment, each child was left alone in a room for fifteen minutes with a marshmallow on a table in front of ___70___. They were given two ___71___: they could either eat the marshmallow or, if they waited fifteen minutes, they’d be given a ___72___marshmallow (and then they could eat both).
So, what did the kids do? 70% ate the first marshmallow within the fifteen minutes,___73___the other 30% showed willpower — they didn’t eat the first one and waited for the second marshmallow ___74___.
Twenty years later, Mischel discovered something ___75___. He got in touch with the children and found that those with strong willpower were getting better marks at university, were better behaved and were more popular. So,___76___ important it is to have strong willpower!
But don’t worry ___77___ you aren’t good at controlling yourself. The authors say that willpower is like a muscle (肌肉). The more you exercise it, the ___78___ it gets. However, just ____79____ any muscle, your “willpower muscle” can get tired. So, if you have to do lots of things that need willpower, take a break. That way, you’ll build up your willpower again.
Lastly, the authors mention that people who learn foreign languages usually have a lot of willpower. So, congratulations!
【答案】70. them 71. choices 72. second 73. but 74. quietly 75. interesting
76. how 77. if 78. stronger 79. like
【解析】本文介绍了一本书——《意志力》，书中通过一则实验说明了坚强的意志力是成功人生的必要条件。
70句意：在实验中，每个孩子被单独留在一个房间里15分钟，在他们面前的桌子上放着一颗软糖。
根据下文中they可知，此处是“在他们面前的桌子上放着一颗软糖”；they代替参加实验的孩子们，they是人称代词主格，放在介词之后应使用宾格形式them，them他们。故填them。
71句意：他们有两个选择：要么吃这颗软糖，要么等15分钟将会给他们第二个软糖(然后他们可以吃掉两颗软糖)。
根据句中“either…or…”可知，他们可以吃这颗糖，也可以等待下一颗糖，所以此处使用名词choice的复数形式choices，choice选择，表示“他们有两个选择”。故填choices。
72句意：他们有两个选择：要么吃这颗软糖，要么等15分钟将会给他们第二颗软糖 (然后他们可以吃掉两颗软糖)。
根据下文中“they didn’t eat the first one and waited for the second marshmallow”可知，此处使用two的序数词形式second，意为“第二”，表示“要么等15分钟将会给他们第二颗软糖”。故填second。
73句意：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力——他们没有吃第一颗软糖，而是静静地等待着第二颗软糖。
根据句中“70% ate the first marshmallow”和“the other 30% showed willpower”可知，前后两个分句意思转折，即：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力；but是表示转折的连词，意为“但是”。故填but。
74句意：70% 的孩子们在15分钟内吃完了第一颗软糖，但是另外30% 的孩子们表现出了意志力——他们没有吃第一颗软糖，而是静静地等待着第二颗软糖。
根据上文第二段中“each child was left alone in a room”和句中“waited for the second marshmallow”可知，每个人都单独在一个房间里，所以他们是在静静地等待第二颗软糖；quiet是形容词，其副词形式为quietly，意为“静静地”，waited for the second marshmallow quietly静静地等待着第二颗软糖。故填quietly。
75句意：二十年后，米契尔发现了有趣的事情。
something是不定代词，其后可接形容词对其进行修饰；根据下文中“He got in touch with the children and found that those with strong willpower were getting better marks at university, were better behaved and were more popular.”可知，他发现那些意志力强的孩子在大学成绩更好，表现更好，更受欢迎，所以此处使用interest的形容词形式interesting，意为“有趣的”，something interesting有趣的事情，用来表示“他发现的这件事情很有趣”。故填interesting。
76句意：所以，有强大的意志力是多么重要啊！
根据句末标点符号是感叹号，以及句中形容词important可知，此处使用how引导感叹句，how+形容词+主语+谓语。故填how。
77句意：但如果你不擅长控制自己，也不用担心。
根据句中“you aren’t good at controlling yourself”和“But don’t worry”都是两个独立完整的句子，此处使用连词if，表示“但如果你不擅长控制自己，也不用担心”，if意为“如果”。故填if。
78句意：你练习得越多，它就越强大。
根据句中“the more”和the可知，此处是the+比较级结构；get是系动词，所以此处使用形容词strong的比较级stronger，意为“更强大的”。故填stronger。
79句意：然而，就像任何肌肉一样，你的“意志力肌肉”也会疲劳。
根据上文中“The authors say that willpower is like a muscle.”可知，作者说意志力就像肌肉，所以此处使用like，意为“像”，表示“就像任何肌肉一样，你的‘意志力肌肉’也会疲劳”。故填like。
九．书面表达（共15分）请将短文写在答题卡相应的位置上。
少年智则国智,少年强则国强。根据下图提示写一篇英语短文, 描述作为青少年的你们将如何成长，并说明原因或目的。除了提示中的内容，请你至少再补充一条。

build up our bodies by…;
keep strong and healthy

develop some interests;
for example,…;
make ourselves fully developed
do housework; such as…;
help parents; learn to be independent (独立的)
?

要求：
1.词数不少于80词，首句已给出，不计入总词数；
2.文中不能出现真实的人名、校名；
As teenagers, we are the future of our homeland. We should develop ourselves fully. But how? Here is my opinion.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
As teenagers, we are the future of our homeland. We should develop ourselves fully. But how? Here is my opinion.
Basically, we should build up our bodies by taking some exercise, doing some sports, such as running, swimming, playing basketball and so on. In this way, we can keep ourselves strong and healthy/we will grow up strong and healthy.
What's more, developing some interests is a good way to make ourselves fully developed. We can learn to play the piano, sing songs, dance, collect stamps, draw pictures and so on. As a saying says. "You can never learn too much."
In addition. I think it's our duty to do some housework at home. We should help do some cleaning, water the flowers or walk the dog. Then our parents can live an easier life. Also, by doing this, we can learn to be independent and get ourselves well prepared for the future life.
If we do these things well, we will be able to grow up as a fully developed person.