福建省宁德市霞浦县2022-2023学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

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绝密★启用前

霞浦县2022-2023学年第二学期高一期中质量检测

英 语 试 题

（考试时间：75分钟； 满分：100分）

★祝考试顺利★

注意事项：

1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上的信息。

2. 回答选择题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，

.用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答。

.如在试卷上作答，答案无效。

3．回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分  听力（共两节，满分 30 分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.

答案是 C。

1．What does the woman think of the pet dog?

A．Lovely.    B．Annoying.     C．Lazy.

2．What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A．Supper.    B．Cooking.     C．Fast food.

3．What will the man do this afternoon?

A．Paint the bedroom.         B．Visit the dentist.           C．See a movie.

4．Where are the speakers?

A．At home.    B．At a restaurant.      C．At a stadium.

5．What day is it today?

A．Friday.    B．Thursday.      C．Wednesday.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6-8题。

6．What are the speakers talking about?

A．The woman’s experience with music.

B．Their favorite types of music.

C．The man’s appreciation for music.

7．When did the woman take piano lessons?

A．When she got to high school.

B．When she was seven.

C．When she joined the band.

8．What will the woman do tonight?

A．Make up a song.     

B．Take some lessons.     

C．Play some new music.

听第7段材料，回答第9-12题。

9．Where probably is the man from?

A．The US.     B．Britain.     C．Japan.

10．What does the woman suggest seeing immediately after lunch?

A．St. Paul’s.     B．British Museum.     C．Westminster Abbey.

11．When does the bus stop at Hyde Park Hotel?

A．At 5:30.     B．At 8:30.     C．At 9:50.

12．What does the man particularly want to see?

A．Westminster Abbey.     B．The British Museum.      C．London Tower.

听第8段材料，回答第13-16题。

13．What does the man know about Norwalk?

A．It has an interesting museum. 

B．It is a beautiful little town. 

C．It is located on Route 18.

14．How far is Amitsville from here?

A．About 18 miles southeast. 

B．About 35 miles northeast. 

C．About 55 miles southwest.

15．Where won’t the man go this time?

A．Newton.    B．Amitsville.     C．Norwalk.

16．What do we know about Westfield and Great Town?

A．They are in opposite directions. 

B．They have many rare plants. 

C．They have lots of old houses.

听第9段材料，回答第17至20题。

17．What do all the members of the band have 'in common?

A．All do similar jobs.

B．All have musical training.

C．All play music for pleasure.

18．When did the speaker join the band?

A．Six years ago.

B．Eight years ago.

C．Ten years ago.

19．What does the speaker do in the band?

A．He is a guitarist.          B．He is a singer.         C．He is a dancer.

20．Where does the band perform most regularly?

A．On a cruise boat.

B．At birthday parties.

C．At weddings.

第二部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Tiny Countries You Never knew Existed

Sao Tome and principe

Sao Tome and Principe off Africa's west coast is only 372 square miles, but it has Impressive, undamaged nature, rich in biodiverse species. The amazing needle-like volcanic peak Pico Cao Grande rises 1,000 feet into the air. The islands are home to only around 200,000 people today.

San Marino

Only 23 square miles with a population of just 34,000, the little-known country of San Marino, surrounded by Italy, is the world's fifth smallest country. With the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Mount Titano, the country is said to be the oldest republic in the world.

Dominica

Dominica covers only 290 square miles, with some of the best diving in the Caribbean, including the UNESCO World Heritage Site of volcanic Morme Trois Pitons National Park. In Dominica, you'll see rainforests, waterfalls, and coastal views. The island is also home to the only remaining population of the Kalinago, who are part of the island's 74, 900 inhabitants.

Kiribati

This Pacific island country 33 coral islands is 313 square-miles, but it's the only country in the world to fall into all four hemispheres (半球). The country's 109, 000 residents live in only 21 of the islands see this tropical paradise before it is no longer--rising seas are threatening to swallow the country whole.

21．Which country has the smallest population?

A．Sao Tome and Principe.        B．San Marin.        C．Dominica.         D．Kiribati.

22．What can one see in both San Marino and Dominica?

A．Volcanoes.                           B．World heritage sites.

C．Views of the Caribbean.                 D．Waterfalls.

23．Which is true of Kiribati?

A．It is rich in biodiverse species.            B．It is surrounded by Italy.

C．It is home to the Kalinago.               D．It is disappearing.

B

In a study in the journal Science, researchers at Northwestern University in Illinois reported that they had developed an effective and inexpensive method for breaking down chemicals called poly fluoro alkyl substances (PFAS).

PFAS, first created in the 1930s, are chemical compounds (化合物). They are used to make a wide range of everyday products, including nonstick pans, carpeting, electronics, and fast-food wrappers. Once the chemicals are in the environment, they are almost impossible to eliminate because they are designed to avoid breaking down. Researchers have linked regular levels of exposure to these chemicals with several health problems, including liver damage, an increased risk of cancer, and reduced immunity.

Scientists had previously figured out how to remove PFAS from polluted water or soil but, until now, had no safe and effective way to destroy them once they were removed. The study reported that when the team boiled PFAS molecules (分子) with two common substances, the PFAS quickly broke down and became harmless.

In 2020, William Dichtel, a chemist and professor at Northwestern, read a study in which chemists at the University of Alberta, in Canada, found an easy way to break down chains of molecules. He asked a graduate student, Brittany Trang, to try the method on PFAS molecules.

Trang had spent months in the lab unsuccessfully attempting to pull apart PFAS, and at first she thought Dichtel’s idea was too simple to work. But she tried it, boiling PFAS with a common solvent (溶剂) called dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Trang was shocked when the process destroyed the PFAS. She later mixed DMSO with a chemical called sodiumhydroxide and broke down PFAS even more quickly.

The scientists will work on ways to destroy PFAS outside the lab so large amounts of forever chemicals can be broken down at once. “It’s a huge challenge, but it’s in our grasp,” Dichtel told The New York Times. Scientists are also calling for a decrease in the amount of PFAS being released into the natural world. In June, the US government announced new plans to monitor PFAS, decrease the amount released into the environment, and address the effects of PFAS on human health.

24．What does the underlined word “eliminate” probably mean in paragraph 2?

A．Identify.                 B．Destroy.     

C．Remove.                 D．Release.

25．How did William Dichtel find the way to break down chains of molecules?

A．He got information from a study of others.          B．He conducted the experiments on his own.

C．His graduate student, Brittany Trang, told him.D．   Chemists at the University of Alberta told him.

26．What can we learn about Brittany Trang’s experiment?

A．She tried the method from Dichtel but didn’t succeed at first.

B．She pulled apart PFAS with her own idea at her first attempt.

C．She developed a more effective method to break down PFAS.

D．She thought Dichtel’s idea was too simple, so she didn’t try it.

27．What do scientists advocate to the public?

A．Addressing the effects of PFAS on human health and environment.

B．Reducing the amount of PFAS being released into the environment.

C．Finding more effective ways to destroy PFAS in and outside the lab.

D．Stopping the use of PFAS in everyday life to avoid health problems.

C

Lockdown around the world has been a difficult and scary time for many people, but has also provided some of us with the blessing of a little extra time to do what we enjoy, whether that be baking, gardening or listening to more music. Here are four new classical releases we think are perfect additions to your Lockdown Library.

Couperin & Gesualdo by Tenebrae and Nigel Short

Easter is a special time for classical music, Award-winning choir Tenebrae with their director Nigel Short has released a recording of music. This music was written to celebrate Holy Week — the week preceding Easter — which is often filled with joyous musical celebration. Have a listen and transport yourself to a heavenly location of your choosing!

Signumrecords. com

Penderecki Horn and Violin Concertos by London Phiharmonic Orchestra

This recording has come at a poignant time indeed, following the sad passing of famed composer Penderecki just a few weeks ago. Penderecki was a pioneer of contemporary classical music, and certainly deserves to be celebrated for his incredible life achievements.

This collection of works spans more than 50 years of his career, from the iconic Threnody, to the Adagio for Strings, lovingly adapted from his Third Symphony.

Ipo, org, uk/recordings-and-gifts

Love Lives Beyond the Tomb by Ian Venables

Ian Venables is one of the UK's foremost art song composers, who's already written over 80 works in the genre. In this emotive cycle, Venables has set poetry to music to celebrate the timelessness of love, and in commemoration to those who died in the First World War. Accompanied by the pianist Graham Lloyd, this collection is sure to fill any house with a moving reflection of love, life and loss.

loverecords.com

Immortal Beloved by Chen Reiss

Soprano Chen Reiss has rapidly established a reputation as one of the most impressive voices on the operatic stage. This year she's set to perform in two Beethoven operas at the state opera house in Vienna, coinciding with the composer's 250th birthday. Reiss believes that tackling this challenging performance has offered her, and in turn her listeners, a fascinating journey into the psyche of the young man writing for a better world.

onyxclassics, com

28．If you are an opera lover, which of the following link will you click?

A．signumrecords,com        B．lpo.org uk/recordings-and-gifts

C．loverecords.com        D．onyxclassics.com

29．What do we know about Penderecki Horn and Violin Concertos?

A．It was adapted from Beethoven's masterpiece.

B．It was created in honor of the victims of WWI.

C．It was released after the death of a famous composer.

D．It was written to add to the atmosphere of Holy Week.

30．What is the main purpose of writing the passage?

A．To advertise some famous music websites.         B．To recommend people some music to enjoy

C．To present the resources of Lockdown Library.     D．To arouse public interest in contemporary music.

D

Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen. So she let out a yell, caught hold of her 2-year-old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree. She lives at the National Zoo in Washington D．C．.

And on Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on. And she’s not the only one. In the moments before the quake, an orangutan (猩猩) let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter.

“It’s very different from their normal call,” said Brandie Smith, the zookeeper. “The lemurs (monkey like animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual.”

But you can’t see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens, can you? Maybe you can——if you’re an animal.

“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing,” said Brandie Smith. “That’s part of their special abilities. They’re more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive.”

Primates weren’t the only animals that seemed to sense the quake before it happened. One of the elephants made a warning sound and a huge lizard (蜥蜴) ran quickly for cover. The flamingoes (a kind of birds) gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped.

So what kind of vibrations (震动) were the animals picking up in the moments before the quake? Scientist Susan Hough said earthquakes produce two types of waves——a weak “P” wave and then a much stronger “S” wave. The “P” stands for “primary”. And the “S” stands for “secondary”. She thinks the “P” wave might be what sets the animals off.

Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake. For example, Smith said the zoo’s giant pandas didn’t jump up until the shaking actually began. But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened. “I’m not surprised at all,” Smith said.

31．Why did Mandara act strangely one day?

A．Because it sensed something unusual would happen.

B．Because its daughter Kibibi was injured.

C．Because it heard an orangutan let out a loud call.

D．Because an earthquake had happened.

32．According to Brandie Smith,

A．many animals hearing is sharp

B．earthquakes produce two types of waves

C．primates usually gather together before a quake

D．humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake

33．Which animal seems unable to sense quake?

A．A giant panda.      B．A flamingo.

C．A lemur.      D．A lizard.

34．What is the best title for the passage?

A．How animals survive a quake

B．How animals differ from humans

C．How animals behave before a quake

D．How animals protect their young in a quake

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A beast of burden is an animal which has been trained to carry people or goods. Different animals are used as beasts of burden around the world. ___35___ Most modern beasts of burden are raised on farms, and some, like Asian elephants，are trapped and trained in the wild.

___36___ Some animals are trained for humans to ride or to pull vehicles, such as carts or sledges (雪橇) which may be loaded with goods or people. Other beasts of burden are trained as pack animals to carry loads which are attached to their bodies. ____37____ Take, for instance, elephants. They assist people in transporting wood by using their trunks.

In some areas, working animals have been replaced by mechanized (机械化的) transport. ____38____ Much of the developing world relies heavily on beasts of burden for transport. Historically, beasts of burden were the key to moving goods across land masses, and merchants traveled with hundreds of animals to bring materials for trade with other nations.

A beast of burden may come to be viewed as an important member of the family. However, it shouldn’t be treated as a pet. ___39___ The heavy loads shouldered by many working animals require their full attention and concentration, and they could be frightened or injured by an approaching stranger, even one without bad intentions.

A．Some even have special skills.

B．Therefore, these animals are treated as pets.

C．Beasts of burden can be used in a variety of ways.

D．The use of animals to carry goods and people is ancient.

E．But in other areas, they are still an important part of society.

F．Some common examples are elephants, donkeys, horses, oxen and camels.

G．Like other working animals, beasts of burden should not be interrupted when they are working.

第三部分   语言文字运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife. Several years ago, I decided to go there for a visit. A local person offered to be my guide, which was a great bonus for me.

One day, my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a ____40____ hillside instead. We picked our way carefully when ____41____, a Rafflesia (大王花) popped into my view among those stones. Oh, dear! More than ____42____, I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core.

____43____, to my surprise, it was only one of the ____44____ during the trip.

As I ____45____ the end of my trip, there was still something I had yet to see. We planned to ____46____ most feared creature there, the saltwater crocodile, which can grow to a ____47____ of 6 meters or more. When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore, little sounds ____48____ in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the ____49____ Taking a second look, we spotted two greedy ____50____ just above the water line. As we drew near, it ____51____ and we saw clearly it was a crocodile. With great caution, we neared it and finally could ____52____ its true dimensions. It was a baby-no more than 0. 6 meter long. Aha, whatever, I could now report to the ____53____ back home, who had never been to Borneo, that I had ____54____ a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale.

The world out there is so fascinating. Don’t let work run your life. Why not step outdoors and enjoy the wonders nature offers to you?

40．A．rolling     B．spectacular    C．rough D．breathtaking

41．A．Suddenly     B．literally    C．definitely D．ultimately

42．A．alarmed     B．pleased    C．concerned D．upset

43．A．Nevertheless  B．Besides    C．Instead D．Therefore

44．A．desires     B．motivations    C．destinations D．highlights

45．A．suspended     B．suspected    C．approached D．valued

46．A．hold onto     B．pick up    C．reflect on D．hunt for

47．A．width     B．length    C．height D．size

48．A．emerged     B．paused    C．continued D．declined

49．A．mud     B．surface    C．ground D．shore

50．A．crocodiles     B．mouths    C．eyes D．teeth

51．A．moved     B．sank    C．hid D．escaped

52．A．work out     B．let out    C．figure out D．make out

53．A．victims     B．opponents    C．folks D．guides

54．A．Challenged   B．encountered    C．terrified D．chased

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people living in cities see riding a bicycle as good exercise. But, a recent medical ___55___ research warned that cyclists should think twice before cycling in the streets: it actually does more harm than good ___56___ their bodies.

Is cycling in cities really bad for your health? Probably yes. The main danger comes from the air around you. ___57___(breathe) in air pollution from taxis and buses can damage blood vessels(血管). Scientists say the damage could outweigh the health benefits of cycling.

David Newby, a British ___58___ researcher at Edinburgh University broke the news. In his tests, 15 healthy men cycled ___59___ on exercise bikes in a room with levels of air pollution similar to those found ___60___ on a crowded city street. After an hour of cycling, the scientists found their blood vessels became less flexible and produced less of a protein(蛋白质) ___61___ the heart needs. The damage leads to the early stages of heart disease. What’s worse, the faster a cyclist pedals(蹬车), ___62___ more air they breathe in. So those who believe ___63___ they are improving their fitness the most are storing up the biggest trouble for themselves ____64____.

第四部分  写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

65．假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰朋友Scarlett暑假将与父母来你市游玩，发邮件请你推荐游玩的地方。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1.你建议的景点；

2.你的理由；

3.你的祝愿。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Scarlett,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When my daughters reached the third and fourth grades, I occasionally allowed them to walk to and from school alone if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a little dog followed them home after school. It had short legs and long lovely ears, with a fawn-colored coat. It was the cutest dog I had ever seen and the girls begged me to keep it.

The dog was barely twelve weeks old. It had no collar or identifying marks of any sort. I didn't know what to do. I thought about running an advertisement in the lost-and-found but I really didn’t want to. It would break the kids’ hearts if someone should show up. Besides, its owners should have watched it more closely.

By the end of the week the dog was part of our family. It was very intelligent and good with the girls. The following week something told me to check the lost-and-found section in the local paper. One particular advertisement jumped out at me and my heart pounded with fear at what I read. Someone was begging for the return of a lost dog in the neighborhood of our grade school. They sounded desperate. My hand shook. I couldn’t bring myself to pick up the phone.

Instead, I pretended I hadn’t seen the advertisement. I quickly put paper away in the drawer and continued with my dusting. I never said a word about it to the kids or my husband.

By now we had named the dog. It looked like a Molly, so that was what we called it. It followed the girls everywhere they went. When they went outside, it was one step behind them. When they did housework, it was there to lend a hand.

There was only one problem with this otherwise perfect picture: my conscience (良心) was bothering me. I knew in my heart I had to call that number and see if our Molly was the dog they were desperately seeking. It was the most difficult thing I’ve ever done.

Paragraph 1:

With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the receiver and dialed.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:

One look at Molly and the woman’s face lit up like a Christmas tree.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________