(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解八年级下册Unit 8 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)

这是一份(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解八年级下册Unit 8 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)，共12页。

【单词变形】
【单词变性】
actually副词变形容词______________________
beauty名词变形容词______________________
fictin名词变形容词______________________
French形容词变名词______________________
laughter名词变动词______________________
success名词变形容词______________________
intrduce动词变名词______________________
【一词多义】
1. due _________________ ____________________
Due t the bad weather, ur flight was cancelled.
The next train is due in five minutes.
2. land _____________ ____________
Our plane will land n the island in thirty minutes.
We live n the land while fishes mstly live in the river.
3. line _____________ ___________ _______________
He is nt n the line, s I can’t cnnect with him.
Lk, sme birds are standing n the line.
I sit n the sixth line.
4. mark ____________ __________ ________________
Yu can see the imprtant pint in red mark.
D yu knw yur mark fr the English examinatin?
Yu can mark here in red t shw its imprtance.
5. recrd ____________ ____________ ____________
Wuld yu like t becme a member f Wrld Genuis Recrds?
Have yu recrded what the teacher said?
Jay Zhu has made a lt f recrds which are really ppular.
6. rck _______________ _______________
There are rcks arund the seaside.
Rck is a type f music which sunds energetic.
7. hurry _____________ _____________
Hurry up. There is little time left.
We ran t the railway statin in a hurry because there is little time left.
8. fan _____________ _____________
In the ld times, we use fans instead f air-cnditiner t cl urselves.
Usually fans are crazy when they meet their idle.
【词汇用法】
1. success: n./it’s a success that…
2. belng: vi./belng t sb./无被动
3. hurry: v./hurry t d sth./hurry up/n./in a hurry
4. intrduce: v./intrduce sb. t sb./intrduce neself/intrduce in
【高频短语】
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
预期，预定
迹象，记号，分数
现代的，当代的
(书刊或纸张的)页，面，张
南方的
流行音乐，流行乐曲
在国外，到国外
唱片，记录
真实地，事实上
摇滚乐
永远
沙滩，沙
乐队
船
美，美丽
成功
食人肉者
科技，工艺
经典作品，名著
工具
迷，狂热爱好者
珠宝，财富
小说
一百万
法语
朝，向，对着
枪，炮
属于，归属
岛
匆忙，赶快
陆地，大地
介绍，引见
笑，笑声
做记号，打分
行，排
录制，录(音)
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
belng
hurry
intrduce
mark
recrd
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
band
land
rck
beauty
laughter
sand
cannibal
line
ship
classic
mark
success
fan
page
tl
fictin
pp
treasure
gun
recrd
island
due t________________
g abrad________________
travel abrad________________
n the island________________
break the recrds________________
make a recrd________________
set a recrd________________
millins f________________
belng t________________
hurry up________________
in a hurry________________
intrduce neself________________
【攻占语法】
时态(现在完成时)
一、现在完成时的基本形式: ____________________
二、现在完成时的动词变化规则:
三、现在完成时的动词不规则变化
1. AAA型 (动词原形与过去式过去分词同形)
2. ABB型 (动词原形与过去式不同形，过去式与过去分词同形)
变化规则
dne
例词
一般情况下
以e结尾
以y结尾
以重读闭音节结尾
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
cst (花费)
let (让)
cut (割)
put (放)
hit (打)
read (读)
hurt 伤害)
spread (伸展/传播)
set (设置)
beat (跳动)
shut (关上)
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
dig (挖)
mean (意思是)
stick (粘贴 /刺)
learn (学习)
hang (绞死)
burn(燃烧)
hang (悬挂)
catch (抓住)
shine (照耀)
teach (教)
win (赢)
bring (带来)
sit (坐)
fight (战斗)
hld (抓住)
buy (买)
keep (保持)
think (想)
sleep (睡)
sell (卖)
sweep (扫)
tell (告诉)
feel (感觉)
get (得到)
spell (拼写)
lay (产卵)
smell (闻)
say (说)
leave (离开)
hear (听见)
lend (借出)
find (找到)
send (传送)
have/has(有)
spend (花费)
make (制造)
build (建设)
meet (遇见)
lse (丢失)
feed ( 饲养 )
frget (忘记)
*lead (领导)
stand (站)
*shake(动摇)
understand(明白)
3. ABA型
4. ABC型
四、现在完成时的意义:
1. 过去发生的动作与现在有因果关系
2. 过去发生的动作已经完成
3. 过去发生的动作持续到现在，未来还有可能进行
五、现在完成时的时间状语:
1. 时间状语:
1) 副词: already, yet, never, ever, just
2) 介词+时间: fr+一段时间/since +一段时间+ag/since+从句(一般过去时)/since then/frm then n
3) 次数: nce/twice
4) in the past few years/during the past few years
六、短暂性动词 vs. 延续性动词
短暂性动词指的是: ___________________________________
延续性动词指的是: ___________________________________
请写出下列动词的的对应表达
【词汇练习】
I have ever been a ________ many times. I have been t Australia, France and England, and s n.
She lks yung. A ________, she is already 90 years ld.
The best things in the wrld are free such as laughter, friends, family, air and the b________ f nature.
The huse b ________ t me last mnth, but I dn’t live here nw.
These kind peple have helped me a lt I’ll remember them f ________.
As there was little time left, Jessica had a quick breakfast and h ________ t the airprt.
Our head teacher i ________ the new classmate Tny t us just nw.
Listen! That huse is full f l ________. What makes them s happy?
Hainan is the secnd largest i ________ in China.
What a great s ________ f yur fashin shw! Cngratulatins!
There are m ________ f peple visiting China every year.
M ________ technlgy such as Internet has pened ur eyes t many new things.
He was N. 1 in the high jump and brke the schl r ________ again.
I haven’t finished reading Treasure Island. I’m nly n p ________ 25.
Lk, the by is playing happily by the river—he picks up the s ________ and then thrws them int the river.
Where is ht in China? I think s ________ China is ht.
Many yung men think that getting a gd jb is the ticket t s ________.
I hpe China will als get better at making high-t ________ prducts in the future.
Dictinary is a useful t _______ fr us t learn English.
When the baby saw his mther, he ran t ________ her with tears quickly.
【语法练习】
We ________(be) happily married fr thirty-five years. But I have t say that my husband’s transitin(过渡) t retirement was ne f biggest challenges in ur life.
She’s ___________________(invite) a lt f peple. D yu think everyne will be able t get int her huse?
Wrld Wildlife Fund(WWF) make a reprt last Tuesday. It stated that humans ______________(kill) 60% f the wrld’s wildlife since 1970.
Chang’e 4 has _______________(send) back phts f the far side f the mn.
S far, we _______________(thrw) tns f rubbish away in ur daily life, and we have t make a change frm nw n.
The idea f subjects in schl ________(be) a cmmn ne in all parts f the wrld since the beginning f educatin.
Since then, Yusafzai ______________(becme) a symbl fr peace and girls’ right t receive an educatin.
Recently Lindsay hasn’t felt herself. She was a really gd student, but her grades ________(fall) since three mnths ag.
Have yu _______________(hear) f them yet?
I was interested in swimming when I was five years ld. I _______________(learn) t swim ever since.
I went t the film museum last weekend. Have yu ever ________________(be) there?
In the past nine years, the ban ____________(wrk) well.
“Blgging” ________(becme) very ppular in the past few years.
Nwadays, returning t nature has ________(becme) a new trend.
It is hard t imagine yu any ther way! I am sure that yu have already ________(make) a lt f new friends.
In 1985, prfessinal ftball became the tp US sprt peple lve. And it ______________(stay) at the number ne sprt since then.
The Juri has ________(hit) stres recently and each prduct csts £79.99. Will the Jurni repeat the Trunki's success? Let’s wait and see.
He ________(fall) ver several times because the rad t the village wasn’t smth.
She ________________(spend) 75 hurs in the sky in ttal s far.
Many students dn't tell their parents just because they think they ______________(grw) up already.
【参考答案】
【单词变形】
【单词变性】
actually副词变形容词actual
beauty名词变形容词beautiful
fictin名词变形容词fictinal
French形容词变名词France
laughter名词变动词laugh
success名词变形容词successful
intrduce动词变名词intrductin
【一词多义】
1. due 因为 到期
Due t the bad weather, ur flight was cancelled.
The next train is due in five minutes.
2. land 着陆 陆地
Our plane will land n the island in thirty minutes.
We live n the land while fishes mstly live in the river.
3. line 在线 排队 行
He is nt n the line, s I can’t cnnect with him.
Lk, sme birds are standing n the line.
I sit n the sixth line.
4. mark 记号 分数 标记
Yu can see the imprtant pint in red mark.
D yu knw yur mark fr the English examinatin?
Yu can mark here in red t shw its imprtance.
5. recrd 记录 记录 唱片
Wuld yu like t becme a member f Wrld Genuis Recrds?
Have yu recrded what the teacher said?
Jay Zhu has made a lt f recrds which are really ppular.
6. rck 岩石 摇滚
There are rcks arund the seaside.
Rck is a type f music which sunds energetic.
7. hurry 快点 匆忙
Hurry up. There is little time left.
We ran t the railway statin in a hurry because there is little time left.
8. fan 风扇 粉丝
In the ld times, we use fans instead f air-cnditiner t cl urselves.
Usually fans are crazy when they meet their idle.
【高频短语】
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
becme (变成)
run (跑)
cme (来)
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
eat (吃)
give (给)
fall (落下)
hide (躲藏)
drive (驾驶)
begin (开始)
rise (升高)
ride (骑)
drink (喝)
write (写)
ring (铃响)
steal (偷)
sing (唱)
freeze (结冰/凝固)
swim (游泳)
speak (说)
blw(吹)
chse (选择)
draw (画)
d (做)
fly(飞)
wake (醒)
grw (生长)
wear (穿)
knw (知道)
take (取)
thrw (投掷)
mistake(弄错)
shw (出示)
g (去)
break (打破)
lie (平躺)
see (看见)
be(am, is, are ) (是)
______________________动词
______________________动词
pen
be clsed
be n
finish
lend
buy
be ff
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
预期，预定
due
adj.
迹象，记号，分数
mark
n.
现代的，当代的
mdern
adj.
(书刊或纸张的)页，面，张
page
n.
南方的
suthern
adj.
流行音乐，流行乐曲
pp
n.
在国外，到国外
abrad
adv.
唱片，记录
recrd
n.
真实地，事实上
actually
adv.
摇滚乐
rck
n.
永远
frever
adv.
沙滩，沙
sand
n.
乐队
band
n.
船
ship
n.
美，美丽
beauty
n.
成功
success
n.
食人肉者
cannibal
n.
科技，工艺
technlgy
n.
经典作品，名著
classic
n.
工具
tl
n.
迷，狂热爱好者
fan
n.
珠宝，财富
treasure
n.
小说
fictin
n.
一百万
millin
num.
法语
French
n.
朝，向，对着
twards
prep.
枪，炮
gun
n.
属于，归属
belng
v.
岛
island
n.
匆忙，赶快
hurry
v.
陆地，大地
land
n.
介绍，引见
intrduce
v.
笑，笑声
laughter
n.
做记号，打分
mark
v.
行，排
line
n.
录制，录(音)
recrd
v.
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
belng
belngs
belnged
belnged
belnging
hurry
hurries
hurried
hurried
hurrying
intrduce
intrduces
intrduced
intrduced
intrducing
mark
marks
marked
marked
marking
recrd
recrds
recrded
recrded
recrding
单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
band
bands
land
lands
rck
rcks
beauty
beauties
laughter
/
sand
sands
cannibal
cannibals
line
lines
ship
ships
classic
/
mark
marks
success
/
fan
fans
page
pages
tl
tls
fictin
fictins
pp
/
treasure
/
gun
guns
recrd
recrds
island
islands
due t因为，由于
g abrad出国
travel abrad出国旅行
n the island在岛上
break the recrds打破记录
make a recrd创记录
set a recrd创纪录
millins f上百万的
belng t属于
hurry up快点儿
in a hurry匆忙地
intrduce neself自我介绍
【攻占语法】
时态(现在完成时)
一、现在完成时的基本形式: have/has dne
二、现在完成时的动词变化规则:
三、现在完成时的动词不规则变化
1. AAA型 (动词原形与过去式过去分词同形)
2. ABB型 (动词原形与过去式不同形，过去式与过去分词同形)
变化规则
dne
例词
一般情况下
+ed
wrk walk
以e结尾
直接+d
lie die
以y结尾
把y改成i+ed
study
以重读闭音节结尾
双写末尾字母+ed
stp
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
cst (花费)
cst
cst
let (让)
let
let
cut (割)
cut
cut
put (放)
put
put
hit (打)
hit
hit
read (读)
read
read
hurt 伤害)
hurt
hurt
spread (伸展/传播)
spread
spread
set (设置)
set
set
beat (跳动)
beat
beaten
shut (关上)
shut
shut
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
dig (挖)
dug
dug
mean (意思是)
meant
meant
stick (粘贴 /刺)
stuck
stuck
learn (学习)
learnt
learnt
hang (绞死)
hanged
hanged
burn(燃烧)
burnt
burnt
shine (照耀)
shne
shne
catch (抓住)
caught
caught
win (赢)
wn
wn
teach (教)
taught
taught
sit (坐)
sat
sat
bring (带来)
brught
brught
hld (抓住)
held
held
fight (战斗)
fught
fught
keep (保持)
kept
kept
buy (买)
bught
bught
sleep (睡)
slept
slept
think (想)
thught
thught
sweep (扫)
swept
swept
sell (卖)
sld
sld
feel (感觉)
felt
felt
tell (告诉)
tld
tld
spell (拼写)
spelt
spelt
get (得到)
gt
gt
smell (闻)
smelt
smelt
lay (产卵)
laid
laid
leave (离开)
left
left
say (说)
said
said
lend (借出)
lent
lent
hear (听见)
heard
heard
send (传送)
sent
sent
find (找到)
fund
fund
spend (花费)
spent
spent
have/has(有)
had
had
build (建设)
built
built
make (制造)
made
made
lse (丢失)
lst
lst
meet (遇见)
met
met
frget (忘记)
frgt
frgt
feed ( 饲养 )
fed
fed
stand (站)
std
std
*lead (领导)
led
led
understand(明白)
understd
understd
*shake(动摇)
shk
shk
hang(悬挂)
hung
hung
3. ABA型
4. ABC型
六、短暂性动词 vs. 延续性动词
短暂性动词指的是: 动作可以在瞬间完成，如pen,clse
延续性动词指的是: 动作需要一段时间才能完成或者是表达状态, 如swim, have
请写出下列动词的的对应表达
【词汇练习】
Abrad actually beauty belnged frever hurried intrduced laughter island success millins Mdern recrds page stnes suthern success technlgy tl twards
【语法练习】
1.have been 做谓语 fr+一段时间，通常情况下用现在完成时，此处have been married 表延续意义
2.invited 做谓语，注意’s的缩写可能为is，也可能为has，根据句意，已经邀请了，为has，invited与has合在一起充当谓语，为现在完成时
3.has killed 做谓语 since 1970 用现在完成时
4.been sent 做谓语，与has合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时，send为及物动词，缺少宾语，故为被动
5.have thrwn 做谓语，s far用现在完成时
6.has been 做谓语，since the beginning f educatin用现在完成时，主语为单数，用三单
7.has becme 做谓语，since then 用现在完成时
8.have fallen 做谓语，since three mnths ag用现在完成时
9.heard 做谓语，与have合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时
10.have learned 做谓语 ever since 用现在完成时
11.been 做谓语，与have合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时
12.has wrked 做谓语 in the past nine years 用现在完成时
13.has becme 做谓语 in the past few years 用现在完成时
14.becme 做谓语 与has合在一起做谓语 为现在完成时
15.made 做谓语 与have合在一起做谓语 为现在完成时
16.has stayed 做谓语 since then 用现在完成时
17.hit 做谓语 与has合在一起做谓语，为现在完成时
18.fell 做谓语 句中为一般过去时
19.has spent 做谓语 s far 用现在完成时
20.have grwn 做谓语 already 用现在完成时
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
becme (变成)
became
becme
run (跑)
ran
run
cme (来)
came
cme
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
eat (吃)
ate
eaten
give (给)
gave
given
fall (落下)
fell
fallen
hide (躲藏)
hid
hidden
drive (驾驶)
drve
driven
begin (开始)
began
begun
rise (升高)
rse
risen
ride (骑)
rde
ridden
drink (喝)
drank
drunk
write (写)
wrte
written
ring (铃响)
rang
rung
steal (偷)
stle
stlen
sing (唱)
sang
sung
freeze (结冰/凝固)
frze
frzen
swim (游泳)
swam
swum
speak (说)
spke
spken
blw(吹)
blew
blwn
chse (选择)
chse
chsen
draw (画)
drew
drawn
d (做)
did
dne
fly(飞)
flew
flwn
wake (醒)
wke
wken
grw (生长)
grew
grwn
wear (穿)
wre
wrn
knw (知道)
knew
knwn
take (取)
tk
taken
thrw (投掷)
threw
thrwn
mistake(弄错)
mistk
mistaken
break (打破)
brke
brken
g (去)
went
gne
see (看见)
saw
seen
lie (平躺)
lay
lain
be(am, is, are ) (是)
was/were
been
短暂性动词
延续性动词
pen
be pen
clse
be clsed
begin
be n
finish
be ver
lend
keep
buy
have
leave
be ff