(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解九年级 Unit 12 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)

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这是一份(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解九年级 Unit 12 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)，共16页。

一轮复习:九年级U12 词汇+语法讲解
【单词默写】
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
活着，有生气的

愚人，傻瓜

可相信的，可信任的

骗局，恶作剧

着火的，燃烧的

女士，女子

窘迫的，害羞的

市场，集市

使人害羞的(难堪的或惭愧的)

军官，官员

出乎意料的，始料不及的

果馅饼，果馅派

向西的，西部的

意大利面条

在上面

西，西方

向西，朝西

工作日

到，直到

工作者，工人

机场

在…上面

背包，旅行包

宣布，宣告

豆，豆荚

着火，燃烧

街区

取消，终止

(特定场合穿的)服装，装束

消失，不见

奶油，乳脂

愚弄

不信，怀疑

睡过头，睡得太久

发现，发觉

(钟，铃等)鸣，响

【单词变形】
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词

announce

burn

cancel

disappear

fool

oversleep

ring

单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
airport

disbelief

officer

backpack

discovery

pie

bean

fool

spaghetti

block

hoax

west

costume

lady

workday

cream

market

worker

单词
比较级
最高级
单词
比较级
最高级
embarrassed

embarrassing

【单词变性】
believable 形容词变动词 ________________
embarrassed 形容词变动词 ________________
embarrassing 形容词变动词 ________________
discovery 名词变动词 ________________
disbelief 名词变动词 ________________
fool 名词变名词 ________________
officer 名词变名词 ________________
worker 名词变名词 ________________
announce 动词变名词 ________________
disappear 动词变名词 ________________

【一词多义】
1. above __________________ ________________
The temperature in Hangzhou take the first place in China. Most time, it is above 35℃.
There is a bridge above the river.

2. fool _______________ _______________
It’s a tradition to fool others on April Fool’s Day.

3. ring ___________ _______________ _______________
He wears a ring around his finger.
When it is time for class, the bell rings.
In the school, we have ring to remind.

【词汇用法】
1. alive:
近形字辨析: live vs. lives vs. alive vs. living vs. lively
live:
/i/ live in sp./live a… life
/ai/ on live
Lives:
/i/ live 的三单形式
/ai/ life的复数形式
alive:
/ai/ 活着的
Living:
/i/ 活着的 The living girl is still alive after the accident.
lively
/ai/ 生动的 The interesting teacher makes our class lively.

【高频短语】

an person alive _______________
feel embarrassed _______________
as unexpected situation _______________
West Lake _______________
above zero _______________
above the forest _______________
April fool’s day _______________
on the west of _______________
at the west of _______________
off the west of _______________
burning paper _______________

【攻占语法】
时态(过去完成时)
一、过去完成时的基本形式: ____________________
二、过去完成时的动词变化规则:
变化规则
done
例词
一般情况下

以e结尾

以y结尾

以重读闭音节结尾

三、过去完成时的动词不规则变化
1. AAA型 (动词原形与过去式过去分词同形)
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
cost (花费)

let (让)

cut (割)

put (放)

hit (打)

read (读)

hurt 伤害)

spread (伸展/传播)

set (设置)

beat (跳动)

shut (关上)

2. ABB型 (动词原形与过去式不同形，过去式与过去分词同形)
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
dig (挖)

mean (意思是)

stick (粘贴 /刺)

learn (学习)

hang (绞死)

burn(燃烧)

hang (悬挂)

catch (抓住)

shine (照耀)

teach (教)

win (赢)

bring (带来)

sit (坐)

fight (战斗)

hold (抓住)

buy (买)

keep (保持)

think (想)

sleep (睡)

sell (卖)

sweep (扫)

tell (告诉)

feel (感觉)

get (得到)

spell (拼写)

lay (产卵)

smell (闻)

say (说)

leave (离开)

hear (听见)

lend (借出)

find (找到)

send (传送)

have/has(有)

spend (花费)

make (制造)

build (建设)

meet (遇见)

lose (丢失)

feed ( 饲养 )　

forget (忘记)　

*lead (领导) 　

stand (站)

*shake(动摇) 　

understand(明白)

3. ABA型
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
become (变成)

run (跑)

come (来)

4. ABC型
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
eat (吃) 　

give (给) 　

fall (落下)　

hide (躲藏)

drive (驾驶)　

begin (开始)　

rise (升高)　

ride (骑)　

drink (喝)　

write (写)　

ring (铃响)

steal (偷)

sing (唱)

freeze (结冰/凝固)

swim (游泳)

speak (说)　

blow(吹)

choose (选择)　

draw (画)

do (做)

fly(飞)

wake (醒)　

grow (生长)　

wear (穿)　

know (知道)

take (取)　

throw (投掷)

mistake(弄错)　

show (出示)

go (去)

break (打破)

lie (平躺)

see (看见)

be(am, is, are ) (是)

四、过去完成时的意义:
1. 发生在过去的过去的动作
2. 过去某一时间或动作发生之前已经发生的动作
3. 过去某一时间或动作发生之前已经发生的动作

五、现在完成时的时间状语:
1. 时间状语:
1) by the end of+过去的时间, by then
2) before+过去时, when +过去时，by the time+过去时
3) 宾语从句中主句为一般过去时，从句用相对应的过去时态

【词汇练习】
1. Look out of the windows. The clouds are so amazing! Now we are flying a ________ them.
2. In Kunming, the temperature almost stays a ________ 0℃ in winter.
3. We arrived at the a ________, checked our baggage and wandered around the gift shops.
4. People who are a ________ after the big earthquake think differently about their lives.
5. President Obama a ________ that he would make his citizens(国民) live a better life.
6. Michael is an honest boy. What he said is b ________, so we should trust him.
7. Look! A house is b________ over there. We must call 119 to stop it at once.
8. Because of the bad weather, the trip to the mountain is c ________.
9. If we didn't take action, some animals on the earth would d________ and not be seen anymore.
10. Columbus' d ________of “the new land” changed the way of people's life.
11. It was really e________ when I came to pay for the meal but found that I had left my wallet at home.
12. Mary was so e________. She could only hide her face in shame.
13. His mother went to the m ________ and bought us some vegetables.
14. His dream is to become a police o ________ to help others.
15. Anny was late for the important meeting because she o________ this morning.
16. I was about to sleep when the telephone r ________.
17. You aren't supposed to walk w________, Sir. The TV station is on the east of this road.
18. Life is full of the u ________. We never know what will happen in the future.
19. My father is an ordinary w________. He works in a factory near my home.

【语法练习】

【参考答案】
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
活着，有生气的
alive
adj.
愚人，傻瓜
fool
n.
可相信的，可信任的
believable
adj.
骗局，恶作剧
hoax
n.
着火的，燃烧的
burning
adj.
女士，女子
lady
n.
窘迫的，害羞的
embarrassed
adj.
市场，集市
market
n.
使人害羞的(难堪的或惭愧的)
embarrassing
adj.
军官，官员
officer
n.
出乎意料的，始料不及的
unexpected
adj.
果馅饼，果馅派
pie
n.
向西的，西部的
west
adj.
意大利面条
spaghetti
n.
在上面
above
adv.
西，西方
west
n.
向西，朝西
west
adv.
工作日
workday
n.
到，直到
till
conj.&prep.
工作者，工人
worker
n.
机场
airport
n.
在…上面
above
prep.
背包，旅行包
backpack
n.
宣布，宣告
announce
v.
豆，豆荚
bean
n.
着火，燃烧
burn
v.
街区
block
n.
取消，终止
cancel
v.
(特定场合穿的)服装，装束
costume
n.
消失，不见
disappear
v.
奶油，乳脂
cream
n.
愚弄
fool
v.
不信，怀疑
disbelief
n.
睡过头，睡得太久
oversleep
v.
发现，发觉
discovery
n.
(钟，铃等)鸣，响
ring
v.

【单词变形】
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词

announce
announces
announced
announced
announcing

burn
burns
burnt
burnt
burning

cancel
cancels
cancelled
cancelled
cancelling

disappear
disappears
disappeared
disappeared
disappearing

fool
fools
fooled
fooled
fooling

oversleep
oversleeps
overslept
overslept
oversleeping

ring
rings
rang
rang
ringing

单词
复数
单词
复数
单词
复数
airport
airports
disbelief
/
officer
officers
backpack
backpacks
discovery
discoveries
pie
/
bean
beans
fool
fools
spaghetti
/
block
blocks
hoax
hoaxes
west
/
costume
/
lady
ladies
workday
workdays
cream
/
market
markets
worker
workers
单词
比较级
最高级
单词
比较级
最高级
embarrassed
more embarrassed
most embarrassed
embarrassing
more embarrassing
most embarrassing

【单词变性】
believable 形容词变动词 believe
embarrassed 形容词变动词 embarrass
embarrassing 形容词变动词 embarrass
discovery 名词变动词 discover
disbelief 名词变动词 disbelieve
fool 名词变名词 foolish
officer 名词变名词 office
worker 名词变名词 work
announce 动词变名词 announcement
disappear 动词变名词 disappearance

【一词多义】
1. above 超过在…上面
The temperature in Hangzhou take the first place in China. Most time, it is above 35℃.
There is a bridge above the river.

2. fool 愚弄愚蠢
It’s a tradition to fool others on April Fool’s Day.

3. ring 截止铃响铃
He wears a ring around his finger.
When it is time for class, the bell rings.
In the school, we have ring to remind.

【高频短语】

an person alive 一个活着的人
feel embarrassed 感到尴尬
as unexpected situation 意想不到的场景
West Lake 西湖
above zero 0度以上
above the forest 森林之上
April fool’s day 愚人节
on the west of 在西边
at the west of 在西边
off the west of 在西边
burning paper 燃烧着的纸张

一、过去完成时的基本形式: had done
二、过去完成时的动词变化规则:
变化规则
done
例词
一般情况下
+ed
work walk
以e结尾
直接+d
lie die
以y结尾
把y改成i+ed
study
以重读闭音节结尾
双写末尾字母+ed
stop

三、过去完成时的动词不规则变化
1. AAA型 (动词原形与过去式过去分词同形)
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
cost (花费)
cost
cost
let (让)
let
let
cut (割)
cut
cut
put (放)
put
put
hit (打)
hit
hit
read (读)
read
read
hurt 伤害)
hurt
hurt
spread (伸展/传播)
spread
spread
set (设置)
set
set
beat (跳动)
beat
beaten
shut (关上)
shut
shut

2. ABB型 (动词原形与过去式不同形，过去式与过去分词同形)
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
dig (挖)
dug
dug
mean (意思是)
meant
meant
stick (粘贴 /刺)
stuck
stuck
learn (学习)
learnt
learnt
hang (绞死)
hanged
hanged
burn(燃烧)
burnt
burnt
shine (照耀)
shone
shone
catch (抓住)
caught
caught
win (赢)
won
won
teach (教)
taught
taught
sit (坐)
sat
sat
bring (带来)
brought
brought
hold (抓住)
held
held
fight (战斗)
fought
fought
keep (保持)
kept
kept
buy (买)
bought
bought
sleep (睡)
slept
slept
think (想)
thought
thought
sweep (扫)
swept
swept
sell (卖)
sold
sold
feel (感觉)
felt
felt
tell (告诉)
told
told
spell (拼写)
spelt
spelt
get (得到)
got
got
smell (闻)
smelt
smelt
lay (产卵)
laid
laid
leave (离开)
left
left
say (说)
said
said
lend (借出)
lent
lent
hear (听见)
heard
heard
send (传送)
sent
sent
find (找到)
found
found
spend (花费)
spent
spent
have/has(有)
had
had
build (建设)
built
built
make (制造)
made
made
lose (丢失)
lost
lost
meet (遇见)
met
met
forget (忘记)　
forgot
forgot
feed ( 饲养 )　
fed
fed
stand (站)
stood
stood
*lead (领导) 　
led
led
understand(明白)
understood
understood
*shake(动摇) 　
shook
shook
hang(悬挂)
hung
hung

3. ABA型
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
become (变成)
became
become
run (跑)
ran
run
come (来)
came
come

4. ABC型
单词
过去式
过去分词
单词
过去式
过去分词
eat (吃) 　
ate
eaten
give (给) 　
gave
given
fall (落下)　
fell
fallen
hide (躲藏)
hid
hidden
drive (驾驶)　
drove
driven
begin (开始)　
began
begun
rise (升高)　
rose
risen
ride (骑)　
rode
ridden
drink (喝)　
drank
drunk
write (写)　
wrote
written
ring (铃响)
rang
rung
steal (偷)
stole
stolen
sing (唱)
sang
sung
freeze (结冰/凝固)
froze
frozen
swim (游泳)
swam
swum
speak (说)　
spoke
spoken
blow(吹)
blew
blown
choose (选择)　
chose
chosen
draw (画)
drew
drawn
do (做)
did
done
fly(飞)
flew
flown
wake (醒)　
woke
woken
grow (生长)　
grew
grown
wear (穿)　
wore
worn
know (知道)
knew
known
take (取)　
took
taken
throw (投掷)
threw
thrown
mistake(弄错)　
mistook
mistaken
break (打破)
broke
broken
go (去)
went
gone
see (看见)
saw
seen
lie (平躺)
lay
lain

be(am, is, are ) (是)
was/were
been

Above above airport alive announced believable burning cancelled disappear discovery embarrassing embarrassed market officer overslept rang west unexpected worker