2023年上海市长宁区高三二模英语试卷含详解

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2022学年第二学期高三英语教学质量调研试卷
(考试时间120分钟;满分140分)
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Discussing a term paper.       
B. Finalizing a contract.
C.Drawing up a business plan.       
D. Reviewing a co-authored article.
2. A. Mary missed her class last week.       
B. Her overcoat is as pretty as Mary’s.        
C. Mary wore the overcoat last week.        
D. She is in the same class as the man.
3.A. She needs to rest for a while.        
B. She has to finish a paper.        
C. She wants to attend a literature class.          
D. She’s just drunk a cup of coffee.
4. A. He joined in the rescue operation.       
B. He was pleased to get the medal.
C. He got away safe with his family.       
D. He used to be a firefighter.
5. A. Letter writing is going out of style.       
B. Only true friendship can last long.
C. She’s lost contact with most of her old friends.       
D. She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.
6. A. He has no appreciation of abstract paintings.        
B. He isn’t good at abstract thinking.
C. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.       
D. Women have a better artistic taste than men.
7. A. They are not used to living in a cold place.       
B. They will escape the snowstorm.
C. They have not booked their hotel room yet.        
D. They feel lucky to live in Florida.
8. A. Lily should have started a little earlier.       
B. Lily may be caught in a traffic jam.
C. He is annoyed about having to wait for Lily.        
D. He is looking forward to meeting Lily.
9.A. Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.       
B. Buy a refrigerator of better quality.
C. Switch off the refrigerator for a while.        
D. Have someone repair the refrigerator.
10.A. A well-done painting.       
B. A beautiful scene.
C. An illustration in a book.        
D. An excellent photo.   
Section B
Directions:   In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.   
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A. A study of rabbits’ behavior.       
B. Advertising pet rabbits for sale.
C. Tips on pet rabbits keeping.       
D. Human-rabbit relationship.
12.A. They are clever enough to fool people.       
B. They like to have their own private space.
C. They need hours of outdoor exercise daily.       
D. They could do damage to household items.
13.A. Adorable young kids.       
B. More mature children.       
C. Anyone who is fond of animals.        
D. Those who love hairy creatures.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.A. It gives top priority to security.       
B. It doesn’t charge for extra features.
C. It offers many optional locations.       
D. It gives 70% reduction in a monthly rent.
15.A. To explore different cultures in depth.        
B. To become a leader of the local program.
C. To earn enough money for a future trip.        
D. To spot a chance of being an exchange host.
16.A. Possibilities of traveling around free.       
B. Work exchange programs around the world.
C. Free access to work exchange programs.       
D. A fancy travel style through work exchange.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17.A. An apology for the late delivery.       
B. A phone interview about packing.
C.An after-purchase contact with the seller.       
D. A complaint against poor service.
18.A. The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.       
B.Some of the packs don’t contain handbooks.        
C. The man has sent the wrong order to the woman.
D. Some of the telephone systems don’t work properly.
19.A. To consult her boss about the best solution.       
B. To call back the wrong telephone systems.
C. To pass the man’s order to the right person.        
D. To send the handbooks at her company’s cost.
20.A. Ideal.          B. Temporary.            C. Half-done.          D. Creative.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Swimmers enjoy cold swims
Many people enjoy swimming in icy cold water. An open-air swimming pool, ___1___ (know) as a lido, in Bedfordshire, England, proved very popular this winter. The Woburn Lido is usually open from May to September, but this year it stayed open to swimmers throughout the autumn and winter months too.
___2___ the lockdown for England was announced on 4 January, outdoor pools were allowed to remain open. “Demand has taken us by surprise,” said Murray Heining, a volunteer at the Woburn Lido. Over Christmas and New Year, the lido had to offer extra openings to keep up with the demand from swimmers.
Cold-water swimming ___3___ (grow) in popularity in the UK over the past few years. A survey found that 7.5 million people in England had swum in outdoor pools, as well as lakes, rivers and the sea, in 2018. In some areas, such as the river Wharfe in Yorkshire, this new trend has made environmental groups think more about ___4___ the water is cleared of pollution and clean enough for bathers.
Some people make it a regular practice; ___5___ just enjoy a refreshing dip on Christmas Day, Boxing Day or New Year’s Day. Every year around the UK, people ___6___ (photograph) plunging into icy water, often in fancy dress, and the recent festive period was no exception, ___7___ freezing temperatures.
The Outdoor Swimming Society classifies temperatures below 6°C as “Baltic” and from 6-11°C as “freezing”. They advise people to get in the water gradually, so as ___8___ (not shock) the body. Likewise, they recommend warming up gradually, and not ___9___ (rush) the process by leaping into a hot bath when you get out. Instead, they suggest layering up and drinking something warm.
It wasn’t just the water that was cold—many people experienced a white Christmas; snow fell in several counties including Yorkshire and Suffolk. Paul Davies, the UK Met Office’s chief meteorologist, a scientist ____10____ job is to study the weather, said the forecast indicates “the likelihood of the cold conditions experienced recently continuing through January”.

Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．alternatives       B．assess       C．courageous       D．demonstrate       E. dynamic       F. generates
G. inconsiderately       H. potential       I. regulators       J. significant       K. unreservedly       
Trust in your scientific instincts and never stop moving forwardI’ve studied biology, biochemistry, math, and computer science, and received my Ph.D．from Cambridge University. In 2008, when I learned Philip Morris International (PMI) was building a new laboratory to___11___ the products that would form part of a smoke-free future, I said, “I’m in.”
Seeing the positive results from the first studies looking at the differences between cigarette smoke and aerosol (气溶胶) from our smoke-free nicotine (尼古丁) products was stimulating. There were so many positive findings, and yet we were still in the building phase. What would happen next? We had to tell ourselves to be___12___: Don’t worry, just look at the data.
Systems toxicology (系统毒理学) is an exciting and ___13___ field to work in. However, it___14___ massive amounts of data, as it combines standard toxicology with new and diverse techniques to help give us a bigger and more detailed picture of how toxic substances affect the body. Working with such giant blocks of data is a challenge for all applications of systems toxicology, not just tobacco harm reduction. This is why we share our data and methods ___15___. It is not only in our best interest to ___16___ openness to the world at large, but it’s also important to engage the global scientific community in order to always be moving the science forward.
The ___17___ public health impact of science-backed smoke-free products is considerable. And while these products are not risk-free and deliver nicotine—which is addictive—the breakthrough is ___18___. And I feel an enormous sense of accomplishment with what we’ve achieved so far.
Of course, we still have important work to do. We will continue to provide information to ___19___, scientists, public health organizations, and policymakers about the potential of smoke-free products. We will continue to share our science. And we will continue working to deliver smoke-free ____20____ for the world’s adult smokers who don’t quit tobacco and nicotine altogether. But this is a marathon, and we’re in this for the long term.

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
After five long years, it appears California’s drought is finally becoming less severe. ___21___ a recent string of storms, more than a third of the state has now welcomed healthy precipitation (降水量), and California’s snowpack—a(n) ___22___ source of water as the year progresses—has reached nearly twice its seasonal average in some parts of the Sierra Nevada. That’s a dramatic improvement over last summer, when literally every inch of the state ___23___ drought conditions. It’s also welcome news for Californians, who have faced a series of water ___24___ since Governor Jerry Brown declared a state of emergency in early 2014. Farmers have been forced to spend heavily to maintain production.
The state’s water struggles, ___25___, are far from over. For one, nobody knows for sure how long these rains will last. Although recent precipitation has been ___26___—in some places more than 80 inches—the accuracy of storm forecasting remains ___27___ beyond a week. Californians know this all too well: last year, experts projected a “Godzilla” El Niño that would bring record levels of precipitation. It never ___28___. “Will six weeks from now be wet?” asks Jeanine Jones, California’s interstate water-resources manager. “The skill in that kind of forecasting is just not there.”
___29___, a storm slowdown is a very real possibility—and it could leave California without enough water to make it through the dry summer. ____30____, when that happens, the state has turned to groundwater stored in natural rock formations deep beneath the earth’s surface. But those ____31____ remain used up after years of drought; restoring them could take years in some places, says Jones.
The quick inrush of water has also created a(n) ____32____ balancing act for water managers. Keeping surface reservoirs (水库) filled to the edge protects against the possibility of a sudden dry spell, but it also
____33____ the risk of flooding if and when future storms hit. To that end, water managers opened the Sacramento Weir floodgates earlier this month to pour reservoir water into nearby fields after ____34____ showed local water levels would likely continue to rise. That’s a calculation that will be made across the state in the coming months.
For now, though, Jones is focused on planning and ensuring the state’s water supply whatever may happen. “We’re halfway through our wettest season, and conditions have been encouraging,” she says. “I would say we’re ____35____ optimistic.”
21．A．According to B．With respect to C．Thanks to D．In addition to
22．A．official B．exhaustible C．unexpected D．crucial
23．A．experienced B．improved C．worsened D．investigated
24．A．pollution B．restrictions C．pressure D．cycles
25．A．nevertheless B．therefore C．meanwhile D．moreover
26．A．accurate B．plentiful C．consistent D．emergent
27．A．productive B．unchangeable C．progressive D．unreliable
28．A．fell behind B．broke down C．came about D．took off
29．A．Or else B．In other words C．At that point D．Above all
30．A．Literally B．Contrarily C．Historically D．Consequently
31．A．levels B．formations C．struggles D．reserves
32．A．random B．delicate C．mechanical D．insensible
33．A．heightens B．assumes C．minimizes D．identifies
34．A．restorations B．calculations C．conditions D．projections
35．A．hopelessly B．extremely C．guardedly D．cheerfully

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.   
(A)
If you search the internet these days, you’ll likely run across some strange-looking, yet cheerful cartoon characters. These computer-created people have small heads and overdone bodies. They’re created in daring color with arms and legs that look like giant wet noodles. The happy figures are often moving or doing something creative.
In 2017 Facebook paid a design team to develop a positive illustration system. One of the designers took that message to heart. She worked to show human connection, motion, energy and joy in her drawings. She “wanted to picture that sense of joy people feel when they’re sharing things together … .” The name which was given to the new art form when it was completed was very appropriate. They named it Alegria, which means joy in Spanish. Before long Alegria became the go-to style for many technology and media businesses. Corporations such as Google, Airbnb and YouTube began using Alegria or art with Alegria-type similarities. Today you can find Alegria art across the internet, in print, on magazine covers and more.
Why did Alegria art become popular so quickly? There are many reasons. As websites depended on illustrations to fill space, Alegria-type art became increasingly useful. The style is flat, simple and easy to create. By comparison, more detailed art designs require extra time, skill and money to produce. Businesses also love the fact that Alegria’s characters celebrate diversity by featuring international cultural events. The illustrations convey good feelings. Those feelings help people believe they can trust the companies that feature them on their pages.
For some consumers, though, that’s a problem. These people think some companies have simply papered over their problems with positive images. They’ve failed to address their wrongdoings or make lasting changes. For many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language that represents happiness. From children hugging to couples dancing, the images are all about positive energy. All in all, it seems that Alegria is the perfect name of this playful, fun art style.
36．Which of the following features makes Alegria art style so well received quickly?
A．Its cheerful room-filling images.
B．Its trustworthy figures.
C．Its role as cultural representatives.
D．Its eye-catching details.
37．We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．Alegria images may help hide faults
B．positive images convey funny messages
C．illustrations can be audio in some way
D．small-sized cartoon characters enjoy popularity
38．Alegria is thought as the perfect name for the art style because of its ______.
A．system and creativity B．technology and impact
C．popularity and profit D．meaning and function

(B)
A STRAIGHTFORWARD INCOME?INVEST IN HIGHWAYS.
Discover why now may be a good time for municipal bonds
In today’s particularly unstable economy, aiming for secure sources of income is more relevant than ever. Tax-free municipal bonds (市政债券) (often issued to fund major infrastructure projects for example highways) offer two significant benefits. They can provide historically low risk, and income from bonds is federally (联邦地) tax free.
With municipal bonds, investors are paid back the full-face value of their investment at maturity (or earlier, if called) unless the bond defaults, or fails to pay. This historically low risk is essential for many investors, particularly those in, or close to, retirement. In August of 2019, Moody’s Investor’s Service found that rated investment-grade municipal bonds had an average increasing 10-year default rate of just 0.10% between 1970 and 2018. Therefore, they can be an important part of your investment.
Income from municipal bonds is not subject to federal income tax and, depending on where you live, may also be free from state and local taxes. Tax-free income can be a big attraction for many investors.
Since 1990, Hennion & Walsh has specialized in investment-grade, tax-free municipal bonds. The company supervises over $3 billion in assets (资产) in over 16,000 accounts, providing individual investors with discipline, personal service and integrity.
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Municipal bond facts every investor should know© 2021 Hennion & Walsh Inc. Securities offered through Hennion & Walsh Inc. Member of FINRA, SIPC．Investing in bonds involves risk including possible loss of principal, i.e. the original amount of money invested. Income may be subject to state, local or federal alternative minimum tax. When interest rates rise, bond prices fall, and when interest rates fall, bond prices rise. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results.

39．It can be learnt from the leaflet that ______.A．no taxes of any kind are put on municipal bonds
B．Investment in municipal bonds is relatively safe
C．Hennion & Walsh are billionaire investors
D．interest rates and bond defaults go hand in hand
40．Which of the following is true about Bond Guide?
A．It shares risk-free bond investing skills.
B．It recommends bond investing specialists.
C．It offers a guaranteed investment return.
D．It proposes investing plans for reference only.
41．It can be inferred from the leaflet that municipal bonds are ______.
A．issued particularly in hard times
B．intended for Hennion & Walsh Inc.
C．sheltered by the government in a way
D．subject to the major infrastructure projects
42．Who would be the most likely target readers of this leaflet?
A．Municipal bond administrators.
B．Federal tax calculators.
C．The copyright owners of the Bond Guide.
D．Senior-citizen investors.

(C)
Research into language learning and motivation has changed direction over the past two decades, shifting from what are now considered overly-simplistic models of motivation, such as “integrativeness” (where students are motivated to learn an L2 because they wish to join a community that speaks this language) and “instrumentalism” (where motivation comes from a desire for financial or some other sort of return). Motivation to learn has now been linked to a second-language identity, which is not conceptualised as static, but dynamic, shifting and open to change. Some research studies have focused on investment in ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) settings in English-speaking countries: how students invest in the target language in order to get certain returns, not only financial but also related to status, an idea which Bonny Norton Peirce notes as having been borrowed from the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. There is also growing research in the area of “future selves” and language learning, such as that by Zoltán Dörnyei and Ema Ushioda and by Jill Hadfield.
Studies into second language identity have revealed the investment committed to building up an identity in English in the lives of economic migrants (移民) and those choosing to settle long-term in English-speaking countries. David Block conducted research into economic migrants living in London, revealing how they invest through study opportunities, seeking out locals to speak to, or using English in work. Each of his case studies reveals different features and patterns in these subjects’ lives.
Yet it is also true that second-language identity formation is alive in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) contexts, if I may draw a distinction from the ESOL further-education context (in the UK and the US). In an age of globalisation and internationalisation, the role of English has come into much sharper focus, and such a changed global reality poses new questions about motivation to learn. Dörnyei argues that we are now dealing with “global English”, and that its acquisition is related to building up “a global identity”. I put the case that international English language examinations, such as those offered by Cambridge English, are a powerful symbol of cultural capital, offering returns full of imagery and entry to imagined communities. Imagined communities, it has been argued, are imagined personal networks of the future, whether social, professional or even international. Investment and the motivation to learn can spring from the desire to belong to these imagined communities. How this imagery and investment relates to their own students should be something that teachers become familiar with.
43．The word “static” (in paragraph 1) is the closest in meaning to ______.
A．unchanging B．movable C．identified D．focused
44．Which of the following is the new motivation for learning English according to the passage?
A．To plan for a brighter future abroad.
B．To contribute to increasing globalization.
C．To establish a second-language identity.
D．To expect substantial investment returns.
45．It can be concluded from the passage that ______.
A．teachers may have no idea about their students’ needs
B．the motivation to learn English changes with the times
C．imagined communities are most likely to be exclusive
D．English competence testing is a gateway into new contexts
46．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．An investment in language studies
B．A question of second-language identity
C．An access to ESOL and EFL
D．A debate about motivation to learn

Section C
Directions:   Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Greening the blue
Is there a “natural” way to enhance the potential of the oceans to lock away climate-warming CO2? Planting more trees on land can help draw down more CO2 from the atmosphere—the basis of many plans for carbon credits that companies buy to offset their emissions (抵消其排放). _____47_____ Seaweed forests and saltmarshes (盐碱滩) are common examples.
Some regard the potential for this “blue carbon” as huge, although as yet there is no mechanism for integrating it into carbon offsetting plans. John Virdin of Duke University in North Carolina says, “_____48_____” He adds, “You have to go out and measure all the carbon that’s there, you have to show that it’s not going to be lost, you have to keep monitoring it.” Virdin and others have proposed extending an existing land-based plan called REDD + (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation) to the ocean, but that is an idea whose ship has yet to sail.
_____49_____ In March, the UK government’s climate adviser, the Climate Change Committee, found that restoring and creating seagrass and saltmarsh ecosystems in the country would only lock away a small amount of CO2, removing “well below” 1 million tonnes a year. Nonetheless, these are efficient carbon stores according to the committee. _____50_____
A．Using the oceans as a solution to climate change is hardly a new idea.
B．There is still some doubt about how big the marine offsetting effect might be.
C．It’s really hard to turn blue carbon conservation and restoration into carbon credits that you can sell.
D．Something similar might work in the oceans, by stimulating the growth of marine and coastal ecosystems.
E．And conserving them is important given how much fishing and other activities have degraded them.
F．The big objection to all these plans is the possibility of negative environmental side effects.

IV. Summary Writing
51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Kangaroos can “talk” to us
Kangaroos can “talk” to people, according to a new study. The report is the first research of its kind to be done on marsupials—a type of creature whose young get carried in skin pockets on their mother’s body. It suggests kangaroos are cleverer than previously thought.
Researchers from the University of Roehampton in the UK and the University of Sydney in Australia tested kangaroos at the Australian Reptile (爬行动物) Park, Wildlife Sydney Zoo and Kangaroo Protection Co-operative. The scientists put food in a box that the kangaroos could not open, and waited to see what the animals would do. Rather than giving up, 10 out of the 11 kangaroos actively looked at the person who had put the food in the box and then looked at the box. The researchers said this could be interpreted as the kangaroos requesting help to open the container.
Dr Alexandra Green, a co-author of the study, told The Guardian newspaper that some of the kangaroos actually approached the person and started scratching (挠) and sniffing (嗅) him, then looked back at the box. “So they were really trying to communicate,” Green said. This behaviour is not uncommon in animals. However, it is usually only seen in domesticated animals, such as pets or farm animals. The lead author of the study, Dr Alan McElligott, explained, “Through this study, we were able to see that communication between creatures can be learnt and that the behaviour of looking at humans to access food is not related to domestication. “Indeed, kangaroos showed a very similar pattern of behaviour we have seen in dogs, horses and even goats, when put to the same test,” he added.
It is hoped that the study will give people a more positive attitude towards kangaroos, which are sometimes seen as harmful creatures that damage farmers’ crops.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52．就我而言，姑姑包的赤豆粽子就是珍馐美味。(wrap)(汉译英)
53．有人认为2023年机器人有可能接手我们人类40%的工作。(it) (汉译英)
54．许多经验丰富的摄影师都建议从离家近的当地景点开始拍摄旅游微视频。(What …) (汉译英)
55．那个星夜父亲划小船送我们母女去外婆家，河面平静如镜，蛙声四起，真是浪漫。(which) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing
56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的高三学生李华。学校将开设讲座“上海老洋房”，现就讲座内容征求学生的意见。请给负责的王老师写封邮件，具体提出你的建议。内容须包括：
1)你对讲座内容的具体建议；
2)简述你的理由。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A



1．known
2．Until##Till##Before
3．has been growing##has grown
4．whether
5．others
6．are photographed
7．despite
8．not to shock
9．rushing
10．whose

【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年冬天，英格兰贝德福德郡的露天游泳池非常受欢迎，介绍了人们冬泳的情况和专家的建议。
1．
考查非谓语动词。句意：今年冬天，英格兰贝德福德郡的露天游泳池非常受欢迎。短语be known as表示“以……著称”，省略be动词，过去分词作状语。故填known。
2．
考查状语从句。句意：直到英国1月4日宣布封锁（之前），室外游泳池被允许保持开放。引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”可用until或till；或表示“在……之前”用before。句首单词首字母大写。故填Until/Till/Before。
3．
考查时态。句意：过去几年，冷水游泳在英国越来越受欢迎。根据后文“over the past few years”指表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并且可能继续进行下去，应用现在完成进行时；也可表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，故填has been growing/has grown。
4．
考查宾语从句。句意：在一些地区，如约克郡的沃夫河，这种新趋势使环保组织更多地考虑河水是否清除了污染，是否足够干净，适合游泳。此处句子作介词about的宾语，引导宾语从句，表示“是否”应用whether，故填whether。
5．
考查代词。句意：有些人把它作为一种常规做法；还有一些人只在圣诞节、节礼日或新年时泡个澡。表示“一些……还有一些……”句型为some…others…。故填others。
6．
考查时态语态。句意：在英国，每年都会有人穿着奇装异服跳入冰水中，最近的节日期间也不例外，尽管气温极低。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文Every year可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为people，谓语用复数。故填are photographed。
7．
考查介词。句意：在英国，每年都会有人穿着奇装异服跳入冰水中，最近的节日期间也不例外，尽管气温极低。后跟名词作宾语，表示“尽管”应用介词despite。故填despite。
8．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们建议人们慢慢下水，以免对身体造成冲击。此处作目的状语，为so as not to do sth.。故填not to shock。
9．
考查非谓语动词。句意：同样，他们建议慢慢热身，不要一出来就冲个热水澡。短语recommend not doing sth.表示“不建议做某事”。故填rushing。
10．
考查定语从句。句意：英国气象局首席气象学家保罗•戴维斯是一名研究天气的科学家，他表示，天气预报表明“最近经历的寒冷天气可能会持续到1月份”。定语从句修饰先行词scientist，在从句作定语，故用whose。故填whose。
11．B
12．C
13．E
14．F
15．K
16．D
17．H
18．J
19．I
20．A

【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者加入菲利普·莫里斯国际公司参与研究根无烟社会相关的产品的经历。
11．
考查动词。句意：2008年，当我得知菲利普·莫里斯国际公司（PMI）正在建造一个新的实验室，以评估将成为无烟未来一部分的产品时，我说：“算我一个。”分析句意可知，使用动词assess“评估”与不定式标志to构成目的状语，符合语境。故选B项。
12．
考查形容词。句意：我们必须告诉自己要勇敢：别担心，看看数据。分析句意可知，使用形容词courageous“勇敢的”作be动词的表语，符合语境。故选C项。
13．
考查形容词。句意：系统毒理学是一个令人兴奋和充满活力的领域。分析句意可知，使用形容词dynamic“充满活力的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选E项。
14．
考查动词。句意：然而，它产生了大量的数据，因为它将标准毒理学与新的多样化技术相结合，有助于我们更大、更详细地了解有毒物质如何影响身体。分析句意可知，使用动词generate“生产”做谓语动词，符合语境，因为主语是it，故使用第三人称单数。故选F项。
15．
考查副词。句意：这就是为什么我们毫无保留地分享我们的数据和方法。分析句意可知，使用副词unreservedly“未保留地”作状语修饰动词share“分享”，符合语境。故选K项。
16．
考查动词。句意：向全世界展示开放不仅符合我们的最大利益，而且让全球科学界参与进来也很重要，以便始终推动科学向前发展。分析句意可知，使用动词demonstrate“展示”与不定式标志to构成的短语作真正主语，符合语境。故选D项。
17．
考查形容词。句意：科学支持的无烟产品对公众健康的潜在影响是巨大的。分析句意可知，使用形容词potential“潜在的”作定语修饰主语public health impact impact“公众健康影响”，符合语境。故选H项。
18．
考查形容词。句意：虽然这些产品并非没有风险，而且会产生令人上瘾的尼古丁，但这一突破意义重大。分析句意可知，使用形容词significant“重大的”作is的表语，符合语境。故选J项。
19．
考查名词。句意：我们将继续向监管机构、科学家、公共卫生组织和政策制定者提供有关无烟产品潜力的信息。分析句意可知，使用名词regulator“监管机构，监管者”作介词to的宾语，符合语境，因为该词为可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选I项。
20．
考查名词。句意：我们将继续努力为世界上不完全戒烟和尼古丁的成年吸烟者递送无烟替代品。分析句意可知，使用名词alternative“替代品”作动词deliver“递送”的宾语，符合语境，因为该词为可数名词，前无冠词或者量词表示单数，故使用复数形式。故选A项。
21．C
22．D
23．A
24．B
25．A
26．B
27．D
28．C
29．B
30．C
31．D
32．B
33．A
34．D
35．C

【导语】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了加州今年干旱减轻的现状，以及一些新的担忧。
21．
考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于最近的一系列风暴，该州超过三分之一的地区现在迎来了健康的降水量，随着时间的推移，加利福尼亚州的积雪——一个重要的水源——在内华达山脉的一些地区已经达到了季节平均水平的两倍左右。A. According to根据；B. With respect to关于；C. Thanks to由于；D. In addition to除了。根据上文“After five long years, it appears California’s drought is finally becoming less severe. (经过漫长的五年，加州的干旱似乎终于减轻了。)”可知，干旱得到缓解，而下文指出的就是缓解的原因。故选C项。
22．
考查形容词辨析。句意：由于最近的一系列风暴，该州超过三分之一的地区现在迎来了健康的降水量, 随着时间的推移，加利福尼亚州的积雪——一个重要的水源——在内华达山脉的一些地区已经达到了季节平均水平的两倍左右。A. official官方的；B. exhaustible用得尽的；C. unexpected未料想的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据本句“snowpack (积雪)”可知，积雪是重要水源。故选D项。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与去年夏天相比，这有了显著的改善，当时该州的每一寸土地都经历了干旱。A. experienced经历；B. improved提升；C. worsened恶化；D. investigated调查。根据本句搭配“every inch of the state(该州的每一寸土地)”和“drought conditions (干旱状况)”可知，此处指的是这个州去年暑假到处都很干旱，即经历了干旱。故选A项。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对加州人来说也是个好消息，自2014年初州长杰里·布朗宣布进入紧急状态以来，他们面临着一系列的用水限制。A. pollution污染；B. restrictions限制；C. pressure压力；D. cycles循环。根据下文“Farmers have been forced to spend heavily to maintain production. (农民们被迫花费巨资来维持生产。)”可知，因为干旱，包括农民在内的加州人遭受了很多麻烦，这是因为政府限制用水。故选B项。
25．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，该州的水资源斗争远未结束。A. nevertheless然而；B. therefore因此；C. meanwhile同时；D. moreover而且。根据上文“That’s a dramatic improvement over last summer, when literally every inch of the state experienced drought conditions. (与去年夏天相比，这有了显著的改善，当时该州的每一寸土地都经历了干旱。)”可知，上文指出情况有好转，但本段接着却说斗争未结束，这是一个不好的现象，即前后文存在转折关系。故选A项。
26．
考查形容词辨析。句意：尽管最近一些地方的降雨量超过80英寸，但风暴预报的准确性在一周后仍然不可靠。A. accurate精准的；B. plentiful丰富的；C. consistent连贯的；D. emergent紧急的。根据本句破折号后的说明“in some places more than 80 inches (一些地方的降雨量超过80英寸)”可知，降雨量充足。故选B项。
27．
考查形容词辨析。句意：尽管最近一些地方的降雨量超过80英寸，但对一周以后的风暴预报的准确性仍然不可靠。A. productive多产的；B. unchangeable无法改变的；C. progressive进步的；D. unreliable靠不住的。根据下文“The skill in that kind of forecasting is just not there. (这种预测的技巧尚未存在)”可知，天气预测的技巧尚不成熟，可推测准确性不可靠。故选D项。
28．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这从来没有发生过。A. fell behind落后；B. broke down出故障；C. came about出现；D. took off腾飞。根据上文“Californians know this all too well: last year, experts projected a “Godzilla” El Niño that would bring record levels of precipitation. (加州人非常清楚这一点：去年，专家预测“哥斯拉”厄尔尼诺现象将带来创纪录的降水量。)”可知，专家预测了降水；而下文“The skill in that kind of forecasting is just not there. (这种预测的技巧尚未存在。)”可知，天气预测的技巧尚不成熟，因此专家的推测并不准确，其推测的创纪录的降水量并未出现。故选C项。
29．
考查短语辨析。句意：换句话说，风暴减缓是一种非常现实的可能性，它可能会使加利福尼亚州没有足够的水来度过干燥的夏天。A. Or else要不然；B. In other words换言之；C. At that point就在那时；D. Above all总之。根据本句“a storm slowdown is a very real possibility—and it could leave California without enough water to make it through the dry summer. (风暴减缓是一种非常现实的可能性，它可能会使加利福尼亚州没有足够的水来度过干燥的夏天。)”可知，此处延续上文，继续描述对降水量的推测，即是换一种方式说明上文提及的预测。故选B项。
30．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：历史上，当这种情况发生时，该州转向储存在地表深处天然岩层中的地下水。A. Literally字面意思地；B. Contrarily反之；C. Historically在历史上；D. Consequently因此。根据本句“when that happens, the state has turned to groundwater stored in natural rock formations deep beneath the earth’s surface (当这种情况发生时，该州转向储存在地表深处天然岩层中的地下水。)”可知，此句描述的是以前发生这种情况时的处理方法，即历史上的处理方法。故选C项。
31．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过多年的干旱，这些储备仍然耗尽；琼斯说，在某些地方，修复它们可能需要数年时间。A. levels水平；B. formations构成；C. struggles挣扎；D. reserves储备。根据上文“Historically, when that happens, the state has turned to groundwater stored in natural rock formations deep beneath the earth’s surface. (历史上，当这种情况发生时，该州转向储存在地表深处天然岩层中的地下水。)”可知，以前发生干旱时，都会借助储存在地表深层的地下水，这是水储备的一种方式。故选D项。
32．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：水的快速涌入也为水资源管理者创造了一种易被破坏的平衡行为。A. random随机的；B. delicate易被破坏的；C. mechanical机械的；D. insensible无知觉的。根据下文“Keeping surface reservoirs (水库) filled to the edge protects against the possibility of a sudden dry spell, but it also heightens the risk of flooding if and when future storms hit. (保持地表水库填充到边缘可以防止突然干旱的可能性，但如果未来风暴来袭，也会增加洪水的风险。)”可知，水的快速涌入很容易破坏平衡，同时可能造成干旱和洪水，即这种平衡很容易被破坏。故选B项。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：保持地表水库填充到边缘可以防止突然干旱的可能性，但如果未来风暴来袭，也会增加洪水的风险。A. heightens使变高，使加强；B. assumes认为；C. minimizes最小化；D. identifies认出。根据本句前半句“Keeping surface reservoirs (水库) filled to the edge protects against the possibility of a sudden dry spell (保持地表水库填充到边缘可以防止突然干旱的可能性)”可知，这能防止干旱的可能性，但转折连词but说明下半句并列句与上文转折，即在提高防止干旱的可能性的同时也增加了洪水的可能性。故选A项。
34．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为此，在预测显示当地水位可能会继续上升后，水务管理人员于本月早些时候打开了萨克拉门托堰的闸门，将水库水倒入附近的田地。A. restorations恢复；B. calculations计算；C. conditions状况；D. projections预测。根据下文“That’s a calculation that will be made across the state in the coming months. (这是未来几个月将在全州范围内进行的计算。)”可知，此处提及的未来几个月将会进行计算就是一种预测。故选D项。
35．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我想说，我们谨慎乐观。”A. hopelessly无望地；B. extremely极其；C. guardedly谨慎地；D. cheerfully开心地。根据上文“For now, though, Jones is focused on planning and ensuring the state’s water supply whatever may happen. (不过，目前，无论发生什么，琼斯专注于规划和确保该州的供水。)”可知，虽然目前状况令人鼓舞，但是琼斯表示还需专注于供水，故可知情况乐观但也需谨慎对待。故选C项。
36．A
37．A
38．D

【导语】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了Alegria艺术风格作品。
36．
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“If you search the internet these days, you’ll likely run across some strange-looking, yet cheerful cartoon characters. (如果你这些天在网上搜索，你很可能会遇到一些长相奇怪但又很快乐的卡通人物)”可知，该艺术风格的作品拥有快乐的卡通人物形象；根据第三段前三句“Why did Alegria art become popular so quickly? There are many reasons. As websites depended on illustrations to fill space, Alegria-type art became increasingly useful. (为什么Alegria艺术如此迅速地流行起来？原因有很多。随着网站依赖插图来填补空间，阿莱格里亚类型的艺术变得越来越有用)”可知，该艺术风格的作品在填补空间方面很起作用，这是它流行起来的原因。基于以上内容可推断出该艺术风格被迅速接受的原因是它的作品形象很快乐，又能有效填补空间。故选A项。
37．
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“These people think some companies have simply papered over their problems with positive images. (这些人认为一些公司只是用正面形象掩盖了他们的问题)”可知，该艺术风格的形象可能能帮助掩盖问题，即掩盖错误。故选A项。
38．
细节理解题。根据第二段第六句“They named it Alegria, which means joy in Spanish. (他们将它命名为Alegria，在西班牙语中意思是开心)”和最后一段后三句“For many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language that represents happiness. From children hugging to couples dancing, the images are all about positive energy. All in all, it seems that Alegria is the perfect name of this playful, fun art style. (然而，对许多人来说，阿莱格里亚语是一种很好的视觉语言，代表着幸福。从孩子们拥抱到情侣们跳舞，这些画面都是关于正能量的。总而言之，Alegria似乎是这种有趣好玩的艺术风格的完美名字)”可知，这个名字所呈现的含义和这种艺术风格的形象具有的功能是一致的。故选D项。
39．B
40．D
41．C
42．D

【导语】
这是一篇应用文。向读者介绍了市政债券的相关信息。
39．
细节理解题。根据第一段第二三句“Tax-free municipal bonds (市政债券) (often issued to fund major infrastructure projects for example highways) offer two significant benefits. They can provide historically low risk, and income from bonds is federally (联邦地) tax free. (免税市政债券（通常用于资助大型基础设施项目，如高速公路）提供了两大好处。它们可以提供历史上较低的风险，而且债券收入是联邦免税的)”可知，对市政债券的投资风险较低，因此相对安全。故选B项。
40．
推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“Our specialists have created a helpful Bond Guide for investors. It’s free and comes with no obligation (义务) at all. (我们的专家为投资者创建了一份有用的债券指南。它是免费的，没有任何义务)”可知，这一指南免费的同时不对投资者存在任何义务，即不能保证投资者一定能获利，只做参考。故选D项。
41．
推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第三句“Income may be subject to state, local or federal alternative minimum tax. (收入可能需要缴纳州、地方或联邦替代最低税)”可知，市政债券需要缴纳州、地方或联邦替代最低税，而完成交税也意味着受到州、地方或联邦一定的庇护。故选C项。
42．
推理判断题。根据第五段第一二句“In case you want to know more about the benefits of tax-free municipal bonds, we now have an offer for you. Our specialists have created a helpful Bond Guide for investors. (如果您想了解更多关于免税市政债券的好处，我们现在为您提供优惠。我们的专家为投资者创建了一份有用的债券指南)”可知，本文的目标读者是对市政债券感兴趣的投资者。故选D项。
43．A
44．C
45．B
46．B

【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。学习动机现在已经与第二语言身份认同联系在一起，第二语言身份是动态的，文章主要阐述了不同背景下第二语言身份研究结果以及作者自己的观点。
43．
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“static”所在句子“Motivation to learn has now been linked to a second-language identity, which is not conceptualised as static, but dynamic, shifting and open to change.(学习动机现在已经与第二语言身份认同联系在一起，第二语言的身份不是static，而是动态的，不断变化的，随时可以改变)”可知“static”与“dynamic, shifting and open to change(动态的，不断变化的，随时可以改变)”意思相反。由此可知“static”意思为“静态的，不变的”，与unchanging意思相近。故选A。
44．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Motivation to learn has now been linked to a second-language identity, which is not conceptualised as static, but dynamic, shifting and open to change. Some research studies have focused on investment in ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) settings in English-speaking countries: how students invest in the target language in order to get certain returns, not only financial but also related to status, an idea which Bonny Norton Peirce notes as having been borrowed from the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. (学习动机现在已经与第二语言身份认同联系在一起，第二语言的身份不是静态的，而是动态的，不断变化的，随时可以改变。一些研究集中在英语国家的ESOL（其他语言使用者的英语）环境中的投资：学生如何在目标语言中投资以获得一定的回报，不仅是经济回报，而且与地位有关，Bonny Norton Peirce指出这一想法是从社会学家Pierre Bourdieu那里借来的)”可知，学习动机现在已经与第二语言身份认同联系在一起，构建第二语言身份是学习英语的新动机。故选C。
45．
推理判断题。根据第三段中“In an age of globalisation and internationalisation, the role of English has come into much sharper focus, and such a changed global reality poses new questions about motivation to learn. Dörnyei argues that we are now dealing with ‘global English’, and that its acquisition is related to building up ‘a global identity’. I put the case that international English language examinations, such as those offered by Cambridge English, are a powerful symbol of cultural capital, offering returns full of imagery and entry to imagined communities. Imagined communities, it has been argued, are imagined personal networks of the future, whether social, professional or even international. Investment and the motivation to learn can spring from the desire to belong to these imagined communities.(在全球化和国际化的时代，英语的作用变得更加突出，而这种变化的全球现实对学习动机提出了新的问题。Dörnyei认为，我们现在面对的是‘全球英语’，而获得这种英语与建立‘全球身份’有关。我认为，国际英语考试，如剑桥英语提供的考试，是文化资本的有力象征，提供了充满意象的回报和进入想象社区的入口。有人认为，想象中的社区是未来想象中的个人网络，无论是社交网络、专业网络还是国际网络。投资和学习的动机可以来自于加入这些想象中的社区的愿望)”可知，全球化和国际化使英语的作用变得更加突出，而这种变化的全球现实对学习动机提出了新的问题。由此推知，学习英语的动机是随着时代而变化的。故选B。
46．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Research into language learning and motivation has changed direction over the past two decades, shifting from what are now considered overly-simplistic models of motivation, such as ‘integrativeness’ (where students are motivated to learn an L2 because they wish to join a community that speaks this language) and ‘instrumentalism’ (where motivation comes from a desire for financial or some other sort of return). Motivation to learn has now been linked to a second-language identity, which is not conceptualised as static, but dynamic, shifting and open to change. (在过去的二十年里，对语言学习和动机的研究改变了方向，从现在被认为过于简单的动机模型转变为，如‘综合性’（即学生有动机学习二语，因为他们希望加入讲这种语言的社区）和‘工具主义’（即动机来自于对经济或其他回报的渴望）。学习动机现在已经与第二语言身份联系在一起，第二语言的身份不是静态的，而是动态的，不断变化的，随时可以改变)”可知，建立第二语言身份是学习英语的新动机；第二、三段针对第二语言身份研究结果的详细介绍。由此可知，本文主要阐述了有关学习英语的新动机——构建第二语言身份认同；B选项“A question of second-language identity(第二语言身份的问题)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
47．D
48．C
49．B
50．E

【导语】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了一些自然的锁住二氧化碳的方法。
47．
上文“Planting more trees on land can help draw down more CO2 from the atmosphere—the basis of many plans for carbon credits that companies buy to offset their emissions (抵消其排放). (在土地上种植更多的树木有助于从大气中吸收更多的二氧化碳，这是许多公司购买碳信用额度以抵消其排放的计划的基础)”指出，种植更多树木对吸收二氧化碳有好处。下文“Seaweed forests and saltmarshes (盐碱滩) are common examples. (海藻林和盐碱滩就是常见的例子)”提出了种植树木外的措施例子，故可推测上文提出了另一种措施。选项D“Something similar might work in the oceans, by stimulating the growth of marine and coastal ecosystems. (类似的东西可能通过刺激海洋和沿海生态系统的生长而在海洋中发挥作用)”指出，过刺激海洋和沿海生态系统的生长也能起到类似的作用，是对上文的延续，其下文又是对此的举例说明，符合语境。故选D项。
48．
下文“He adds, “You have to go out and measure all the carbon that’s there, you have to show that it’s not going to be lost, you have to keep monitoring it.”(他补充道，“你必须出去测量所有的碳，你必须证明它不会丢失，你必须继续监测它。”)”指出测量碳与蓝碳保护相关的工作必须完成多项任务，很难。选项C“It’s really hard to turn blue carbon conservation and restoration into carbon credits that you can sell. (很难将蓝碳保护和恢复转化为可以出售的碳信用)”与下文联系密切，符合语境。故选C项。
49．
下文“In March, the UK government’s climate adviser, the Climate Change Committee, found that restoring and creating seagrass and saltmarsh ecosystems in the country would only lock away a small amount of CO2, removing “well below” 1 million tonnes a year. (今年3月，英国政府的气候顾问气候变化委员会发现，在该国恢复和创建海草和盐碱滩生态系统只会锁住少量二氧化碳，每年去除量“远低于”100万吨。)”指出，恢复和创建海草和盐碱滩生态系统起到的效果有限，似乎并不理想。选项B“There is still some doubt about how big the marine offsetting effect might be. (对于海洋抵消效应可能有多大，仍有一些疑问)”对该效果也提出质疑，而质疑的原因就是下文所呈现出的锁住的二氧化碳量有限，不理想，故该选项能引出下文，符合语境。故选B项。
50．
上文“Nonetheless, these are efficient carbon stores according to the committee. (尽管如此，根据委员会的说法，这些都是有效的碳储备)”总结了本文一些有效的碳储备。选项E“And conserving them is important given how much fishing and other activities have degraded them. (考虑到捕鱼和其他活动使它们退化的程度，保护它们很重要)”指出保护这些碳之所以重要是因为退化严重，符合语境。故选E项。
51．In a recent study, kangaroos have proved to be smarter than we thought—they have the ability to communicate with humans. Facing the inaccessible food in the tests, kangaroos which are similar to domesticated animals were found to turn to people using body language. The findings have refreshed the scientists’ understanding of kangaroos’ behaviour, probably improving our perception of them.
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，事实证明袋鼠比我们想象的更聪明，它们有能力与人类交流。在测试中，面对难以接近的食物，袋鼠和驯养的动物一样，会求助于使用肢体语言的人。这些发现刷新了科学家对袋鼠行为的理解，可能改善了我们对袋鼠的认知。
【详解】
1.要点摘录
①Kangaroos can “talk” to people, according to a new study.
②The scientists put food in a box that the kangaroos could not open, and waited to see what the animals would do. Rather than giving up, 10 out of the 11 kangaroos actively looked at the person who had put the food in the box and then looked at the box. The researchers said this could be interpreted as the kangaroos requesting help to open the container.
③Dr Alexandra Green, a co-author of the study, told The Guardian newspaper that some of the kangaroos actually approached the person and started scratching (挠) and sniffing (嗅) him, then looked back at the box.
④It is hoped that the study will give people a more positive attitude towards kangaroos, which are sometimes seen as harmful creatures that damage farmers’ crops.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组整合，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
①In a recent study, kangaroos have proved to be smarter than we thought—they have the ability to communicate with humans.
②Facing the inaccessible food in the tests, kangaroos which are similar to domesticated animals, were found to turn to people using body language.
③The findings have refreshed the scientists’ understanding of kangaroos’ behaviour, probably improving our perception of them.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Facing the inaccessible food in the tests, kangaroos which are similar to domesticated animals, were found to turn to people using body language. 运用一个主从复合句对第二三段进行概括。运用了which引导的限定性定语从句。
[高分句型2]：The findings have refreshed the scientists’ understanding of kangaroos’ behaviour, probably improving our perception of them. 用improving现在分词表示自然而然的结果，对第三段部分内容和第四段进行总结。
52．As far as I am concerned, the red bean rice dumplings/zongzi wrapped by my aunt are/is a delicacy/delicious (food).
【详解】
考查动词。根据句意可知，使用as far as I am concerned表示“就我而言”；使用red bean rice dumpling或者red bean rice zongzi表示“赤豆粽子”，因为指复数概念，故dumpling应该使用复数形式，相应后面的“是”就应该使用are；而音译的zongzi无单复数变化，相应后面的“是”应该使用is；使用动词wrap表示“包”，因为粽子是被姑姑包的，故wrap使用过去分词形式作后置定语，即 wrapped by my aunt；使用a delicacy表示“珍馐美味”，作表语。故答案为As far as I am concerned, the red bean rice dumplings/zongzi wrapped by my aunt are/is a delicacy。
53．People consider it possible for robots to take over about 40 percent of our human jobs/work in 2023.
【详解】
考查形式宾语。表示“有人”应用people；表示“认为”应用consider；表示“可能的”应用possible；表示“机器人”应用robots；表示“接手”应用take over；表示“大约人类40%的工作”应用 about 40 percent of our human jobs/work；表示“在2023年”应用in 2023；consider it+adj.+ for sb.+ to do...为固定句型，it为形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。故翻译成：People consider it possible for robots to take over about 40 percent of our human jobs/work in 2023.
54．What many experienced photographers recommend is starting filming travel micro videos from the local attractions near home.或What many experienced photographers recommend is starting filming travel micro videos from the local attractions close to home.
【详解】
考查主语从句。根据句意和要求可知，本就应该使用复合句结构，即“许多经验丰富的摄影师都建议的是从离家近的当地景点开始拍摄旅游微视频。”应该使用what引导主语从句，并在从句中作“建议”的宾语；可用many experienced photographers表示“许多经验丰富的摄影师”；可用动词recommend表示“建议”；使用be动词表示“是”，且因为前为主语从句，故使用第三人称单数is；可用the local attractions near/close to home表示“离家近的当地景点”；可用动词start doing sth.表示“从做……开始”，因为该动词短语在句中作表语，故start使用动名词形式；可用动词film表示“拍摄”，因其作动词start的宾语，故使用动名词形式；可用名词短语travel micro videos表示“旅游为视频”。故答案为What many experienced photographers recommend is starting filming travel micro videos from the local attractions near/close to home.
55．On that starry night, my father rowed a boat to take my mother and me to my grandmother’s. The river was as calm as a mirror, and the sounds by frogs were everywhere, which was a very romantic scene.


【详解】
考查定语从句。根据句意和要求可知，本句可译为两个句子，其中，第二个句子使用which引导定语从句表示“真是浪漫”，修饰主句，且故事已发生，故谓语动词或系动词都使用一般过去时；“那个星夜”可译为on that starry night；“父亲划小船”可译为my father rowed a boat；“送某人去某地”可译为动词短语take to；“我们母女”可译为my mother and me；“外婆家”可译为my grandmother's；“河面平静如镜”可译为the river was as calm as a mirror；“蛙声四起”可译为the sounds by frogs were everywhere，且与前句构成并列句结构；“真是浪漫”即“这真是一个浪漫的场景”可译为a very romantic scene，因为这个场景表示的是前文提到的“河面平静如镜，蛙声四起”，为物，且是一个句子，使用关系代词which表示，且在从句中作主语，从句中的系动词“是”意为was。故答案为On that starry night, my father rowed a boat to take my mother and me to my grandmother’s. The river was as calm as a mirror, and the sounds by frogs were everywhere, which was a very romantic scene.
56．Dear Mr./Ms. Wang,
Learning that our school is seeking for students’ advice concerning the lecture related to the old western-style houses in Shanghai, I am very excited. Hence, I am writing to share my views.
First, it is necessary to show some photos of these old houses. This undoubtedly would leave us a deep impression of their appearance. Besides, another aspect should be included into the lecture is the profound culture behind these historical buildings. Because it is cultural factors that make these houses valuable. Last but not least, how about offering the audience some useful tips as to how to preserve these precious buildings? Only by knowing that can we protect them efficiently.
As a big fan of these old buildings, I sincerely hope you could take my suggestions into consideration. Looking forward to your early reply.
Respectfully yours,
Li Hua
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生李华的身份为学校即将举办的“上海老洋房”讲座提供建议，提出讲座应该包含什么内容，并指明提出这些建议的理由。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
关于：about→concerning
深厚的：deep→profound
保护：protect→preserve
考虑：consider→ take sth. into consideration
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First, it is necessary to show some photos of these old houses. This undoubtedly would leave us a deep impression of their appearance.
拓展句：First, it is necessary to show some photos of these old houses, which undoubtedly would leave us a deep impression of their appearance.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Because it is cultural factors that make these houses valuable. (运用了it is+被强调部分+that+其他成分的强调句句型)
[高分句型2] Learning that our school is seeking for students’ advice concerning the lecture related to the old western-style houses in Shanghai, I am very excited. (运用了that引导的表语从句)