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2023金华十校高二上学期期末检测试题英语含解析
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金华十校2022-2023学年第一学期期末调研考试高二英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分.满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. In a park.
B.At school.
C. In a hospital.
2. How many pears does the girl have?
A.1. B.2. C.4.
3. Why does the man complain to the woman?
A. She makes noise.
B. She wastes water.
C. She never washes clothes.
4. Where did the man go first yesterday?
A. To a cinema.
B. To a library.
C. To a restaurant.
5.What are the speakers talking about?
A.What to eat for lunch.
B. When to have lunch.
C. Whether to eat out.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman want to do?
A. Watch a film in a cinema.
B. See a play at the theatre.
C. Enjoy a video at home.
7. What does the woman think of the Italian film?
A.Boring. B. Serious. C. Funny.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8 What did Mr Gray talk a lot about?
A. The methods of learning English
B. The culture of some countries.
C. The rules in the classroom.
9. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The girl’s classmates.
B. The girl’s first English class.
C. The girl’s English homework.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Teacher and student.
11. Why does the woman find it difficult to study at Oxford?
A. She isn’t used to extra classes.
B. She isn’t used to the learning style.
C. She isn’t used to the large amount of work.
12. What has the man been encouraged to do at school?
A. Give opinions.
B. Answer questions.
C. Argue with teachers.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13 How often does the girl get in touch with her friends?
A. Seldom.
B. Once a week.
C. Twice a week.
14. Who does the girl usually turn to when she is upset?
A. Her friends.
B. Her parents.
C. Her teachers.
15. Where would the girl talk with her friend?
A. In a shopping center.
B. In a classroom.
C. In a cafe.
16. What does the man suggest the girl do?
A. Study harder.
B. Shop with her friends.
C. Get more in touch with her friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why is the speaker usually hungry by lunchtime?
A. She never has snacks in the morning.
B. She only has a drink for breakfast.
C She seldom eats breakfast.
18. When does the speaker’s lunchtime end?
A. At about 1: 15
B. At about 2: 00.
C. At about 2: 15.
19. What. does the speaker always drink in the daytime?
A.Tea. B. Water. C. Coffee,
20. What does the speaker usually do in the evening?
A. Watch TV.
B. Enjoy a dessert.
C. Have a talk with others.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Travelers are always looking for inspiration to guide their trips. Coming up with a list of places to visit can be challenging when you’re staring at a globe. What are the top tourist attractions in the world? Here comes our list.
.The Acropolis, Athens
Follow in the footsteps of ancients as you walk up the same steps that have been walked on since 438 BC. Views out over the city are incredible as you walk between the well-restored old buildings. Near the end of the day, you’ll want to stay and watch the sunset from the stairs near the entrance. This is a ritual (仪式) in Athens.
. The Taj Mahal, India
India is-filled with incredible cities and fabulous places to visit, but the 17th-century
Taj Mahal is the one place that says you’ve been to India. This mausoleum (陵墓)，commissioned by the Shah Jahan for his wife, is known internationally as a symbol of love. This fantastic structure, made with precious stones, has to be visited to be fully appreciated.
. Petra, Jordan
You may have an Indiana Jones feeling as you walk through a 1.2-kilometer-long narrow crack in the sandstone hills and emerge, into a hidden city. First built over 2,000 years ago and lost to the outside world for 600 years, the city was only discovered in 1812. Impressive buildings are carved directly into the red rock walls and are wonderfully preserved, just begging to be explored and photographed.
.Grand Canyon, USA
The greatest natural attraction in the United States, the Grand Canyon is a key sight for all travelers planning their lifetime of adventures. Standing on the edge of the Grand Canyon, looking out over the carved landscape, will awaken your senses. Several hikes in the canyon and along the edge offer unique perspectives. For even more adventure plan a rafting trip down the Colorado River through the canyon.
1. What do the Acropolis and Petra have in common?
A. Fantastic sunset.
B. Red rock walls.
C. Exciting rafting trip.
D. Ancient buildings.
2. Which place best suits people who want an adventurous trip?
A. Petra, Jordan.
B. Grand Canyon, USA.
C. The Taj Mahal, India.
D. The Acropolis, Athens.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A research paper.
B. A science fiction.
C. A travel brochure.
D. A geography textbook.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Acropolis, Athens 部分“Follow in the footsteps of ancients as you walk up the same steps that have been walked on since 438 BC.”（当你走上自公元前438年以来走过的台阶时，跟随古人的脚步。）以及Petra, Jordan部分“First built over 2,000 years ago and lost to the outside world for 600 years, the city was only discovered in 1812.”（这座城市最早建于2000多年前，600年来一直为外界所知，直到1812年才被发现。）可知the Acropolis和Petra共同之处在于都有古建筑。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The greatest natural attraction in the United States, the Grand Canyon is a key sight for all travelers planning their lifetime of adventures.”（大峡谷是美国最大的自然景点，是所有计划一生冒险的旅行者的主要景点。）可知美国大峡谷最适合想要冒险旅行的人。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文大意，文章主要介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点，可知文章与旅游有关，文章最有可能出一本自旅游手册。故选C项。
B
On May 21, 2022, Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world. Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries - most of it with his dog Savannah.
Speaking to CNN, Turcich explained that, after a friend died in an accident at age 17 he started to look at life differently, and decided to go on a journey around the world. It took over eight years of saving and planning before Turcich finally left his home on April 2, 2015 - just before his 26th birthday - on his way to Panama. He had a stroller to carry his hiking equipment, a sleeping bag, a laptop, a camera and a box of food.
About four months into the journey, Turcich adopted Savannah from, an animal shelter in Texas. She joined him for the rest of the trip, becoming the first dog to walk around the world. The pair walked around 30-40 kilometers a day, spending most nights camping. Some parts could not be done on foot, however - such as when lurcich and Savannah took a boat from Uruguay to Antarctica. In late 2017, Turcich had to return home to recover from an illness he got while traveling through Ireland and the UK.
He and Savannah started walking again in May 2018, going through Europe, North Africa and Turkey before getting stuck in Azerbaijan for six months because of the COVID-19 pandemic. They were able to travel to Kyrgyzstan before taking a plane to Seattle. From there, he and Savannah walked back to New Jersey.
Turcich said the most difficult place to walk through was “desolate“ Wyoming. Now that he’s back home, Turcich says he wants to stay in one place for a while - and write a book about his trip.
4. What led to Turcich’s decision to walk around the world?
A. His thoughtful plan before a birthday.
B. His different attitude towards travelling.
C. The death of his friend at an early age.
D. The adoption of Savannah from a shelter.
5. What can we know about the Turcich and Savannah according to the text?
A. They spent most of nights in hotels during the trip.
B. Their journey has been recorded in Turcich’s book.
C. Their trip was once interrupted due to Turcich’s illness.
D. The most challenging place for them to walk through was Azerbaijan.
6. What kind of person is Turcich according to the text?
A. Creative and curious.
B. Brave and determined.
C. Caring and intelligent.
D. Humorous and cautious.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To persuade people to travel with a reliable animal.
B. To motivate young people to take a worldwide walking trip.
C. To emphasize the importance of an unforgettable travel experience.
D. To share a story about a man and a dog’s walking around the world.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了Tom Turcich成为第十个环游世界的人，在七年多的时间里，他和他的狗萨凡纳走过了4.8万公里，横跨六大洲和38个国家。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二题中“Speaking to CNN, Turcich explained that, after a friend died in an accident at age 17 he started to look at life differently, and decided to go on a journey around the world. (在接受CNN采访时，Tom Turcich解释说，在他17岁时一个朋友死于一场事故后，他开始以不同的方式看待生活，并决定进行一次环球旅行。)”可知，一个朋友的意外离世促使Tom Turcich开始环球旅行。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In late 2017, Turcich had to return home to recover from an illness he got while traveling through Ireland and the UK.( 2017年底，Turcich 在爱尔兰和英国旅行时生病，不得不回国养病。)”可知，他们的旅行一度因Turcich的病而中断。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“About four months into the journey, Turcich adopted Savannah from, an animal shelter in Texas. She joined him for the rest of the trip, becoming the first dog to walk around the world. The pair walked around 30-40 kilometers a day, spending most nights camping. Some parts could not be done on foot, however - such as when lurcich and Savannah took a boat from Uruguay to Antarctica. (大约四个月后，Turcich从德克萨斯州的一家动物收容所收养了萨凡纳。她和他一起完成了剩下的旅程，成为了第一只环游世界的狗。二者每天步行30-40公里，大部分晚上都在露营。然而，有些部分是不能步行完成的，比如勒里奇和萨凡纳从乌拉圭乘船前往南极洲。)”以及倒数第二段中“He and Savannah started walking again in May 2018, going through Europe, North Africa and Turkey before getting stuck in Azerbaijan for six months because of the COVID-19 pandemic. (2018年5月，他和萨凡纳再次开始徒步旅行，途经欧洲、北非和土耳其，后来因为新冠肺炎大流行在阿塞拜疆滞留了6个月。)”可知，Turcich 克服了困难完成了剩下旅程。由此体现出他是勇敢的和意志坚定的。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“On May 21, 2022, Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world. Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries - most of it with his dog Savannah.( 2022年5月21日，新泽西州的Tom Turcich成为第十个环游世界的人。在七年多的时间里，他走了4.8万公里，穿越了六大洲和38个国家——大部分时间是和他的狗萨凡纳一起走的。)”并结合全文可知，文章讲述的是Turcich成为了第十个环游世界的人，他和狗狗萨凡纳一起穿越了六大洲和38个国家，行走了4.8万公里。故文章的目的是分享一个关于一个男人和一只狗环游世界的故事。故选D。
C
Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report’s authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.
The Living Planet Report (LPR) is produced every two years by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the Zoological Society of London. The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world’s monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.
Although the average global loss of wildlife is 69%, the rate is greater in the global south. Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. Across the world, the biggest drop was in freshwater populations of wildlife — including almost 1,400 species of mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles — which have decreased by 83%.
The report identifies several causes for wildlife loss, including hunting, farming, the loss of forests, pollution and climate change. However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.
Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying”, and said “we need to restore nature and not simply halt its loss.” In December 2022, world leaders are meeting in Montreal for the 15th UN Biodiversity Conference, also known as COP 15. The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching.”
8. What does the author mainly want to show by listing the numbers in the first three paragraphs?
A. The causes of the urgent situation.
B. The detailed process of the research.
C. The severity of wildlife loss worldwide.
D. The drop in freshwater populations of wildlife?
9. According to the report, what is a possible solution to population decline of wildlife?
A. Stop hunting and farming.
B. Ban the production of wildlife food.
C. Offer legal protection of natural environment.
D. Replace the fossil fuels with renewable energy
10. What does the underlined word “halt” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Accept. B. Stop. C. Fear. D. Suffer.
11. What is Lambertini’s attitude towards wildlife loss?
A. Objective. B. Indifferent.
C. Ambiguous. D. Concerned.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球野生动物损失的严重性，因此需要全球共同努力，关注并解决该问题。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report’s authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.(根据一份新的科学报告，在不到50年的时间里，世界各地的动物数量减少了69%。该报告的作者呼吁采取紧急行动来恢复自然世界)”以及第二段中“The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world’s monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.(2022年10月13日发布的最新报告显示，1970年至2018年期间，全球近70%的受监测野生动物消失。该报告基于全球195个国家的研究。数据来自5230个物种的近32000个种群)”以及第三段中“Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. (拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的野生动物数量下降尤其严重，自1970年以来已经失去了94%的野生动物)”可知，作者主要想通过列举前三段的数字来展示世界范围内野生动物损失的严重性。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.(然而，该报告也提出了解决方案，例如设计破坏性较小的粮食生产系统，紧急保护亚马逊雨林，限制化石燃料的使用，以及制定新的法律来保护我们的自然环境)”可知，根据该报告，为自然环境提供法律保护是解决野生动物数量下降的一个可能的解决方案。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying”,( 在评论该报告时，世界自然基金会国际总干事马可·兰伯蒂尼称这些数字“令人恐惧”)”以及“we need to restore nature(我们需要恢复自然)”可知，面临野生动物数量急剧下降的情况，我们不仅仅是停止当前的损失，更需要做的是需要去恢复自然。由此可知，划线词halt与stop(停止)意思接近。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching.”(LPR的作者说，这是一个应对野生动物损失和恢复自然的全球计划的机会。兰伯蒂尼说：“政府领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。“全世界都在看着。”)”可知，兰伯蒂尼认为领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。由此推知，他对野生动物数量减少的态度是担心的。故选D。
D
Next time you consider striking up a conversation with a stranger in line at the grocery store or while waiting at the laundry, keep in mind that it might be beneficial for your well-being. A recent study by a group of researchers found that there is a link between happiness and a term that the researchers coined called “relational diversity.”
Using public data from sources like the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the World Health Organization, the researchers analyzed data sets and survey responses from people who had shared their daily habits, schedules and interactions. They noticed a clear relationship between relational diversity and overall levels of satisfaction.
Hanne Collins, a Harvard Business School doctoral student who co-authored the study, says that relational diversity is composed of two elements: richness and evenness. Richness measures relationship categories, or how many kinds of people you interact with in a day. That could be your romantic partner, a family member, a neighbor or a stranger. “The more relationship categories they talk to in a day and the more even their conversations are across those categories, the happier they are. And we find this in a large sample across many countries,” Collins said. Evenness relates to the distribution of conversations among those different relationship categories. Some people may find themselves interacting with colleagues at work more than, say, their family members. “If you have a few conversations with colleagues, a few with friends, a few with a romantic partner or a couple chats with strangers, that’s going to be more even across these categories,” Collins explained.
Ultimately, Collins says, the study gives insight to the idea that humans are social creatures at heart. Having a support system is important, but it goes beyond your inner circle. “It’s about this mix. It’s about connecting with people who are close to you, who are maybe less close to you, who connect you with other people, who provide different kinds of support,” she said. “Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio, the happier you are and the higher your well-being.”
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The research method.
B. The supporting evidence.
C. The analysis of the research data.
D. The application of the research findings.
13. How does Collin explain the findings in paragraph 3?
A. By illustrating concepts.
B. By presenting questions.
C. By using an expert’s word.
D. By referring to another study.
14. What does Collins suggest people do in the last paragraph?
A. Live a more active life.
B. Expand the inner circle.
C. Gain as much support as possible.
D. Connect with all kinds of people.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Humans, social creatures at heart
B. Finding support benefits your well-being
C. The more you interact, the better you will be
D. Talking to strangers might make you happier
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍你和不同的陌生人群交流，就会有幸福感。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Using public data from sources like the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the World Health Organization, the researchers analyzed data sets and survey responses from people who had shared their daily habits, schedules and interactions. They noticed a clear relationship between relational diversity and overall levels of satisfaction. (研究人员利用劳工统计局和世界卫生组织等来源的公共数据，分析了分享过日常习惯、日程安排和互动的人的数据集和调查结果。他们注意到关系多样性和总体满意度之间的明显关系。)”可知，这一段主要讲述对研究数据进行分析的研究方法。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Hanne Collins, a Harvard Business School doctoral student who co-authored the study, says that relational diversity is composed of two elements: richness and evenness. Richness measures relationship categories, or how many kinds of people you interact with in a day. That could be your romantic partner, a family member, a neighbor or a stranger. “The more relationship categories they talk to in a day and the more even their conversations are across those categories, the happier they are. And we find this in a large sample across many countries,” Collins said. Evenness relates to the distribution of conversations among those different relationship categories. Some people may find themselves interacting with colleagues at work more than, say, their family members. “If you have a few conversations with colleagues, a few with friends, a few with a romantic partner or a couple chats with strangers, that’s going to be more even across these categories,” Collins explained. (这项研究的合著者、哈佛商学院博士生汉恩·柯林斯（Hanne Collins）表示，关系多样性由两个要素组成：丰富性和均匀性。财富衡量的是关系类别，或者你一天中与多少类型的人互动。那可能是你的浪漫伴侣、家人、邻居或陌生人。柯林斯说：“他们在一天中交谈的关系类别越多，甚至他们在这些类别中的对话越多，他们就越快乐。我们在许多国家的一个大样本中发现了这一点。”均匀性与这些不同关系类别之间的对话分布有关。有些人可能会发现自己在工作中与同事的互动比与家人的互动更多。柯林斯解释道：“如果你和同事聊了几次，和朋友聊了几句，和一个浪漫的伴侣聊了几段，或者和陌生人聊了几回，那么这类人的情况会更好。”)”可知，柯林斯主要通过丰富性和均匀性这两个概念来解释他的发现。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio, the happier you are and the higher your well-being. (本质上，这个想法是，你的社交组合越多样化，你就越快乐，你的幸福感就越高。)”可知，柯林斯建议人们尽可能多的和不同的人进行社交。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Next time you consider striking up a conversation with a stranger in line at the grocery store or while waiting at the laundry, keep in mind that it might be beneficial for your well-being. “（下次你考虑在杂货店排队或在洗衣店等待时与陌生人交谈时，请记住这可能对你的健康有益。）根据第一段“A recent study by a group of researchers found that there is a link between happiness and a term that the researchers coined called “relational diversity.” (一组研究人员最近的一项研究发现，幸福与研究人员创造的“关系多样性”这一术语之间存在联系。)”和最后一段“Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio, the happier you are and the higher your well-being. (本质上，这个想法是，你的社交组合越多样化，你就越快乐，你的幸福感就越高。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述一个人的幸福感和社交多样化有联系，和不同的陌生人群交流，就会有幸福感。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone knows that the media can be and is manipulated (操控). Everything that we read on the Internet may not always be true. People have constantly been complaining about lies in the media. ____16____ Here are some tips and tools:
Check the domain. Established news organizations usually own their domains and they have a standard look. Many fake ones use similar URLs and domain names, but rather than using a “.com”, they use “.com.co” endings. ____17____ But abcnews. com.co is not!
Check the comments. Headlines are meant to get the readers’ attention and reflect what the story is about. ____18____ Headlines are often written in exaggerated (夸张的) language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true. These stories usually generate a lot of comments. If a lot of these comments call out the article for being fake or misleading, it probably is.
____19____ Are there noticeable grammatical errors? Know this -reliable sources have high prootreading and grammatical standards! Is the story of the celebrity current or recycled? Make sure an older story has not been taken out of context.
Remember, do not believe everything you see, read or hear. False news travels faster online than real news. ____20____ Read widely instead and consider the other side of a story. Ask, think and check whenever you read an article, hear an opinion or see a picture.
A. Guarantee correct grammar.
B. So how can we be smart online?
C. But lately, that hasn’t been the case.
D. Pay attention to quality and timeliness.
E. For example, abcnews.com is a legal news source.
F You can use most search engines to find more information.
G. Do not define your opinions and views because of one article you have read.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何辨别网络上信息真假提出了一些实用的技巧和方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Everything that we read on the Internet may not always be true. People have constantly been complaining about lies in the media. ”（我们在互联网上读到的一切可能并不总是正确的。人们一直在抱怨媒体的谎言。）可知，对于网络上虚假的信息，人们对这种现象一直都在埋怨。下文“Here are some tips and tools”（这里有一些（辨别网络上虚假信息的）技巧和工具。）可知，接下来的内容描述的是的如何辨别网络上信息真假的技巧和方法。因而，空处的内容可以提出问题：如何成为一个智慧的网络使用者呢？选项B.“那么我们怎样才能在网上变得聪明呢？”，切题，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Many fake ones use similar URLs and domain names, but rather than using a “.com”, they use “.com.co” endings. ”（许多假冒的域名使用相似的 URL 和域名，但他们不使用“ . com”，而是使用“ . com.co”结尾。）可知，通过域名的形式可以区分网站的真假。因此空处应该承接前文，举出事例说明。选项E.“例如，abcnews.com 是一个合法的新闻来源。”以例子证实真正存在的网站的网址，且和下文“But abcnews. com.co is not!”（但是 abcnews. com.co不是！）在逻辑上相一致，切题，故选E。
【18题详解】
前文“Headlines are meant to get the readers’ attention and reflect what the story is about. ”（标题是为了吸引读者的注意力，反映故事的内容。）说明一般情形下，标题可以反映故事的内容，具有概括性。下文“Headlines are often written in exaggerated (夸张的) language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true.”（新闻标题通常是用夸张的语言写的，目的是误导读者，然后附加到关于一个完全不同的主题或不真实的故事上。）可知，虚假的新闻的标题并不能如实的反映其真实的内容。因而，空处的内容应为虚假标题的情形和通常标题的特点不一样。选项C.“但最近，情况并非如此。”利用转折词“but”引出虚假的标题并非如此，符合题意，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Are there noticeable grammatical errors? Know this -reliable sources have high. prootreading and grammatical standards! Is the story of the celebrity current or recycled? Make sure an older story has not been taken out of context.”（是否有明显的语法错误? 要知道——可靠的来源有很高的校对和语法标准！这个名人的故事是流行的还是循环利用的？确保一个旧的故事没有被断章取义。）可知，可靠的网站的内容在语法上都是正确的，且它的内容都是最新的，不会拿以前的故事或者断章取义来博得网民的关注。因而，本段讲述可以关注网站内容和时效来辨别真假。选项D.“Pay attention to quality and timeliness.”（注意质量和时间。）符合题意，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Remember, do not believe everything you see, read or hear. False news travels faster online than real news. ”（记住，不要相信你所看到的、读到的或听到的一切。假新闻在网上传播的速度比真新闻快。）可知，网上看到的某个信息可能会是假信息，因为假新闻在网上传播的速度比真新闻快。下文“Read widely instead and consider the other side of a story.”（要广泛阅读，并考虑故事的另一面。）强调广泛阅读可以确保获得的信息的真实性。因此，空处的内容应为不要因为一篇自己读过的文章就确定某个信息。选项G.“不要因为你读过的一篇文章而定义你的观点和看法。”符合题意，故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Silence is important for learning. I got it from my fourteen-month-old daughter Arielle.
One day, she sat on the floor with an old baby doll. Without buttons, it could neither ____21____ nor play music. The whole room was silent. Then Arielle began to explore the baby doll. When her hand touched a tiny ____22____, she used one finger to trace (勾画) its shape. Then she ____23____ one of her own ears and then both ears. She kept tracing the doll’s ear and her own a few more times until, ____24____, she turned her attention elsewhere.
At that moment I discovered how human ____25____ took place. Something stimulated (刺激) Arielle’s ____26____: Is her body like her doll’s? With no outside stimulation, she satisfied her curiosity by comparing the doll’s body and herself. ____27____, for many kids, experiences like Arielle’s are less and less frequent ____28____ children are surrounded by those so-called ____29____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button. This _____30_____ them to push buttons repeatedly without thinking and may rob (剥夺) children of opportunities to problem-solve.
Like adults, children need times that are _____31_____ to experience the difference between just reacting to outside stimulation and _____32_____ their own ideas by exploring the world.
Indeed, the toys most likely to encourage creative play are not those that make _____33_____ or have lots of unnecessary’ functions. _____34_____, they are simple, quiet and can be used in lots of different ways. So next time, when _____35_____ what to buy your child, make a wise choice.
21. A. smile B. stand C. talk D. sleep
22. A. nose B. mouth C. ear D. foot
23. A. covered B. felt C. hurt D. drew
24. A. discouraged B. interested C. confused D. satisfied
25. A. aging B. communication C. learning D. experiment
26. A. imagination B. curiosity C. creativity D. determination
27. A. Briefly B. Sadly C. Hopefully D. Traditionally
28. A. unless B. while C. since D. until
29. A. safe B. pretty C. healthy D. smart
30. A. required B. forbade C. advised D. caused
31. A. hard B. quiet C. extra D. fresh
32. A. developing B. changing C. expressing D. appreciating
33. A. noise B. profits C. progress D. records
34. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides
35. A. asking B. studying C. deciding D. suggesting
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从14个月的女儿Arielle那里学到：沉默对于学习是重要的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有按钮，它既不能说话也不能播放音乐。A. smile微笑；B. stand站立；C. talk说话；D. sleep睡觉。It此处指代上文的baby doll，根据“Without buttons”和“The whole room was silent.”可知，没有按钮，布娃娃既不会说话也不能播放音乐。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的手碰到一只小耳朵时，她会用一根手指描摹它的形状。A. nose鼻子；B. mouth嘴；C. ear耳朵；D. foot脚。根据下文“one of her own ears and then both ears.”可知，Arielle的手碰到布娃娃的耳朵，会用手指描摹它的形状。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她摸了摸自己的一只耳朵，又摸了摸两只耳朵。A. covered覆盖；B. felt触摸；C. hurt使受伤；D. drew画。根据上文“she used one finger to trace (勾画) its shape”可知，Arielle用手指勾画布娃娃的耳朵轮廓以后，摸摸自己的耳朵。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不停地描摹着娃娃的耳朵，又摸了几次自己的耳朵，直到她满足了，才把注意力转移到别处。A. discouraged心灰意冷的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. confused困惑的；D. satisfied满足的。根据上文“She kept tracing the doll’s ear and her own a few more times until”和下文“she turned her attention elsewhere.”可知，Arielle不断的摸摸布娃娃的耳朵，再摸摸自己的耳朵，直到玩够了，满足了，才转移注意力。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我发现了人类学习是如何发生的。A. aging老龄化；B. communication交流；C. learning学习；D. experiment实验。根据下文“Something stimulated (刺激) Arielle’s ____6____: Is her body like her doll’s?”可知，Arielle在学习，从中作者发现了人类学习的方式。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有什么东西激发了Arielle的好奇心：她的身体像她的娃娃吗？A. imagination想象；B. curiosity好奇心；C. creativity创造力；D. determination决心。根据下文的问题“Is her body like her doll’s?”和“With no outside stimulation, she satisfied her curiosity by comparing the doll’s body and herself.”可知，Arielle产生了好奇心。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A. Briefly简单地；B. Sadly悲哀地；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Traditionally传统地。根据上文“for many kids, experiences like Arielle’s are less and less frequent”和下文“children are surrounded by those so-called ____9____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，很多孩子没有Arielle这样的经历，应该是悲哀地。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unless除非；B. while当……时候；C. since因为；D. until直到。根据下文“children are surrounded by those so-called ____9____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，孩子们被智能玩具包围是缺少那种经历的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A. safe安全的；B. pretty漂亮的；C. healthy健康的；D. smart智能的。根据下文toy的定语从句“which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，这些玩具会说话会移动，因此是智能玩具。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这导致他们不假思索地反复按按钮，可能会剥夺孩子们解决问题的机会。A. required要求；B. forbade禁止；C. advised建议；D. caused导致。根据上文“toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，一按按钮玩具就会说话和引导，这导致孩子们不假思索地反复按按钮。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和成年人一样，孩子们也需要安静的时间来体验仅仅对外界刺激做出反应和通过探索世界来形成自己的想法之间的区别。A. hard困难的；B. quiet安静的；C. extra额外的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据上文“Silence is important for learning.”可知，孩子们也需要安静的时间来学校。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。developing形成；B. changing改变；C. expressing表达；D. appreciating感激。根据下文“by exploring the world”可知，孩子们通过探索世界来形成他们自己的想法。故选A。
33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，最有可能鼓励创造性游戏的玩具不是那些制造噪音或有很多不必要的“功能”的玩具。A. noise噪音；B. profits利润；C. progress进展；D. records记录。根据上文的“can talk and move”可知，这些玩具制造出噪音。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们简单、安静，可以以多种不同的方式使用。A. However然而；B. Instead代替；相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。根据上文“are not those that make ____13____ or have lots of unnecessary’ functions”和下文“they are simple, quiet and can be used in lots of different ways”可知，前后文是相反的意思。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以下次，当决定给你的孩子买什么时，要做出明智的选择。A. asking问；B. studying学习；C. deciding决定；D. suggesting建议。根据下文“make a wise choice”和上文对于玩具的讲述可知，当你决定给孩子们买东西时，要做出明智的选择。故选C。
第二节(10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填人一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dogs can cry tears of joy when they see their owners after a long period of absence, researchers have said.
The study, ____36____(base) on the behaviour of 22 dogs, looked at the reactions of dogs reunited with their owners ____37____ with other people they knew. To test their theory, academics placed pieces of paper under the eyes of the dogs during normal interaction with their owners and a minute before they were reunited with them after hours of ____38____ (separate). They discovered when the dogs saw their owners, it was the only time they shed tears. There was not ____39____ same level of increased tear production when the dogs were reunited with the people they were familiar ____40____, but were not their owners.
To see whether the tears ____41____ (link) to their emotions, the researchers applied a solution containing oxytocin, a hormone (激素) ____42____ in humans sometimes is called the love hormone, to the dogs. After they used the hormone, they found the dogs’ tears ____43____ (significant) increased. While dogs are known to cry ____44____ (keep) their tear ducts (泪腺) clean, it has not been connected to their emotional response before.
Raised by humans, dogs ______45______(develop) specific communication skills over time.The tears are believed to deepen the bond between dogs and their owners.
【答案】36. based
37. and 38. separation
39. the 40. with
41. were linked
42. that##which
43. significantly
44. to keep
45. have developed
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现，当狗狗长时间和主人分开又见到主人时，它们会喜极而泣。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究以22只狗的行为为基础，研究了狗与主人和他们认识的其他人团聚时的反应。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词base和被修饰的名词The study,是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，表示被动，作后置定语。故填based。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：见第1题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，their owners和other people是并列的关系，用连词and。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了验证他们的理论，学者们在与主人的正常互动过程中，以及在分开几小时后与主人团聚前一分钟，将纸片放在狗的眼睛下面。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词作介词of的宾语，意为“分开”，是不可数名词。故填separation。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：当这些狗与他们熟悉的人，但不是他们的主人，团聚时，眼泪的分泌量并没有达到同样的水平。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配the same，意为“相同的”。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：见第4题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语be familiar with，意为“和…熟悉的”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：为了观察眼泪是否与他们的情绪有关，研究人员将一种含有催产素的溶液应用于狗身上，催产素在人类中有时被称为爱情激素。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查引导的宾语从句的谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，主语tears和动词link是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态结构，主语是tears，be动词用were。故填were linked。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，____7____ in humans sometimes is called the love hormone是定语从句，先行词hormone在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：使用激素后，他们发现狗的眼泪明显增多。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词修饰动词increased。故填significantly。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然人们知道狗会哭以保持泪道清洁，但这与它们以前的情绪反应无关。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to keep。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：狗由人类饲养，随着时间的推移，狗已经会发展出特定的沟通能力。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有over time作时间状语，所以谓语用现在完成时，主语是dogs，助动词用have。故填have developed。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是育英中学的李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Jackson下学期将到你校交流学习，写信向你了解学校情况。请给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.学校简介；
2.特色活动
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jackson,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jackson,
I’m pleased to know that you are planning to visit our school next term. I’m writing to express my sincere welcome and introduce some information about my school.
With technological-advanced modern facilities, our school has beautiful campus and attractive learning environment. Besides, you will be impressed by nice teachers and friendly students, making you feel at ease. What appeals to you most is the English Club, which arranges an activity once a week. In the activity, native students can communicate with exchage students. It helps them a lot.
Looking forward to meeting you. I hope you will enjoy you stay here.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给下学期即将到校交流学习的澳大利亚朋友Jackson写信介绍自己学校的相关情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：pleased → delighted
学期：term → semester
漂亮的：beautiful → pretty
氛围，环境： environment→ atmosphere
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In the activity, native students can communicate with exchage students. It helps them a lot.
拓展句：In the activity, native students can communicate with exchage students,which helps them a lot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I’m pleased to know that you are planning to visit our school next semester. （运用了that 引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】
What appeals to you most is the English Club, which arranges an activity once a week.（运用了what引导的主语从句和which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写使之构成一个完整的故事。
On a Friday evening in December, two weeks before Christmas, I lost my job. I hadn’t seen it coming. I was excited for the weekend, when my daughter, Kristil, then 12, and I planned to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail “We’re sorry, but your work assignment has ended.” My heart sank.
I wasn’t just a single parent; I was the only parent. I did everything I could to give Kristil a good life, but there were some things my love couldn’t fix. The next day as we searched for our tree, I struggled to be cheerful as I eyed the Christmas tree prices. Empty-handed, we returned home.
Over the next week, I furiously applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. All applications ended in vain. I felt as if the world was closing in on me. On a weekend afternoon, I dropped Kristil in a wealthy gated community for a birthday party of her classmate. I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeated.
Back at home, I glanced out the window. It had been snowing on and off all morning. I noticed a small woman with short white hair struggling to open her car door against the wind. She got out. I realized it was my old professor, Esther Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we’d met for lunch three months ago. I’d first met Esther 10 years earlier, when I was her student at Edgewood College in Madison, Wisconsin. Kristil was 3 at the time, and I sometimes took her to class. Esther was understanding and would bring coloring books to occupy Kristil. After I graduated, she kept in touch, meeting me for lunch every few months. I had grown to love her like family.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I rushed out of the house, waving my hands.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I opened the envelope, inside I found some money and a note.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I rushed out of the house, waving my hands. “What are you doing out in this weather?” I asked as we hugged. Sister Esther said she called my office and knew I wasn’t working there anymore, so she came to see me. I gave her a warm welcome and led her into my room. Upon arriving, she told me urgently, “Hearing the news that you were fired from the work, I felt greatly worried. I know you are raising a big family and bearing a large life financial pressure. So I come here and give the gifts for you and Kristil.” She said as she kissed me on the cheek. While saying, she handed me a big package and a Christmas card.
When I opened the envelope, inside I found some money and a note. Into the package placed a doll and a large envelope. I tore the envelope carefully and hundred-dollar bills poured onto the floor. Tears of gratitude puddled in my eyes as I picked up the precious gift, which could help me get through the tough time and buy the Christmas tree that I promised to give my daughter. Feeling gratitude, I hugged Sister Esther tightly and thanked her sincerely.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在圣诞节前丢了工作，接下来的的一周，作者想尽快找到工作挣钱，买下圣诞树。随后的周日下午，作者带着女儿Kristil去一个富裕的封闭式社区参加一个生日聚会，让作者心灵备受打击。回家后，就在作者看着下雪的窗外的时候，看到了曾经的老师Esther。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①根据第一段首句“我挥舞着双手冲出了房子。”可知，第一段可描写作者欢迎Esther的到来，同时带她进屋。Esther说她来给作者和女儿送来了圣诞贺卡和礼物。
②根据第二段首句“当我打开信封时，我发现里面有一些钱和一张纸条。”可知，第二段可描写打开礼物后作者发现了里面的现金，作者对Esther的这份“及时雨”表示感激。
2. 续写线索
拜访——进到家里——寒暄——送出礼物——打开礼物——震惊——感激
3. 词汇激活
行动类
①养家：raise a family/ support a family/ feed a family
②递给：hand/pass
③买：buy/purchase
情绪类
①担忧的：worried/concerned
②感谢的：gratitude/grateful/thankful/ appreciative
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing the news that you were fired from the work, I felt greatly worried.(运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的同位语从句)
【高分句型2】Tears of gratitude puddled in my eyes as I picked up the precious gift, which could help me get through the tough time and buy the Christmas tree that I promised to give my daughter.(运用了as引导时间状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的限定性定语从句)
金华十校2022-2023学年第一学期期末调研考试高二英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分.满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. In a park.
B.At school.
C. In a hospital.
2. How many pears does the girl have?
A.1. B.2. C.4.
3. Why does the man complain to the woman?
A. She makes noise.
B. She wastes water.
C. She never washes clothes.
4. Where did the man go first yesterday?
A. To a cinema.
B. To a library.
C. To a restaurant.
5.What are the speakers talking about?
A.What to eat for lunch.
B. When to have lunch.
C. Whether to eat out.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman want to do?
A. Watch a film in a cinema.
B. See a play at the theatre.
C. Enjoy a video at home.
7. What does the woman think of the Italian film?
A.Boring. B. Serious. C. Funny.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8 What did Mr Gray talk a lot about?
A. The methods of learning English
B. The culture of some countries.
C. The rules in the classroom.
9. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The girl’s classmates.
B. The girl’s first English class.
C. The girl’s English homework.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Teacher and student.
11. Why does the woman find it difficult to study at Oxford?
A. She isn’t used to extra classes.
B. She isn’t used to the learning style.
C. She isn’t used to the large amount of work.
12. What has the man been encouraged to do at school?
A. Give opinions.
B. Answer questions.
C. Argue with teachers.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13 How often does the girl get in touch with her friends?
A. Seldom.
B. Once a week.
C. Twice a week.
14. Who does the girl usually turn to when she is upset?
A. Her friends.
B. Her parents.
C. Her teachers.
15. Where would the girl talk with her friend?
A. In a shopping center.
B. In a classroom.
C. In a cafe.
16. What does the man suggest the girl do?
A. Study harder.
B. Shop with her friends.
C. Get more in touch with her friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Why is the speaker usually hungry by lunchtime?
A. She never has snacks in the morning.
B. She only has a drink for breakfast.
C She seldom eats breakfast.
18. When does the speaker’s lunchtime end?
A. At about 1: 15
B. At about 2: 00.
C. At about 2: 15.
19. What. does the speaker always drink in the daytime?
A.Tea. B. Water. C. Coffee,
20. What does the speaker usually do in the evening?
A. Watch TV.
B. Enjoy a dessert.
C. Have a talk with others.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Travelers are always looking for inspiration to guide their trips. Coming up with a list of places to visit can be challenging when you’re staring at a globe. What are the top tourist attractions in the world? Here comes our list.
.The Acropolis, Athens
Follow in the footsteps of ancients as you walk up the same steps that have been walked on since 438 BC. Views out over the city are incredible as you walk between the well-restored old buildings. Near the end of the day, you’ll want to stay and watch the sunset from the stairs near the entrance. This is a ritual (仪式) in Athens.
. The Taj Mahal, India
India is-filled with incredible cities and fabulous places to visit, but the 17th-century
Taj Mahal is the one place that says you’ve been to India. This mausoleum (陵墓)，commissioned by the Shah Jahan for his wife, is known internationally as a symbol of love. This fantastic structure, made with precious stones, has to be visited to be fully appreciated.
. Petra, Jordan
You may have an Indiana Jones feeling as you walk through a 1.2-kilometer-long narrow crack in the sandstone hills and emerge, into a hidden city. First built over 2,000 years ago and lost to the outside world for 600 years, the city was only discovered in 1812. Impressive buildings are carved directly into the red rock walls and are wonderfully preserved, just begging to be explored and photographed.
.Grand Canyon, USA
The greatest natural attraction in the United States, the Grand Canyon is a key sight for all travelers planning their lifetime of adventures. Standing on the edge of the Grand Canyon, looking out over the carved landscape, will awaken your senses. Several hikes in the canyon and along the edge offer unique perspectives. For even more adventure plan a rafting trip down the Colorado River through the canyon.
1. What do the Acropolis and Petra have in common?
A. Fantastic sunset.
B. Red rock walls.
C. Exciting rafting trip.
D. Ancient buildings.
2. Which place best suits people who want an adventurous trip?
A. Petra, Jordan.
B. Grand Canyon, USA.
C. The Taj Mahal, India.
D. The Acropolis, Athens.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A research paper.
B. A science fiction.
C. A travel brochure.
D. A geography textbook.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Acropolis, Athens 部分“Follow in the footsteps of ancients as you walk up the same steps that have been walked on since 438 BC.”（当你走上自公元前438年以来走过的台阶时，跟随古人的脚步。）以及Petra, Jordan部分“First built over 2,000 years ago and lost to the outside world for 600 years, the city was only discovered in 1812.”（这座城市最早建于2000多年前，600年来一直为外界所知，直到1812年才被发现。）可知the Acropolis和Petra共同之处在于都有古建筑。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The greatest natural attraction in the United States, the Grand Canyon is a key sight for all travelers planning their lifetime of adventures.”（大峡谷是美国最大的自然景点，是所有计划一生冒险的旅行者的主要景点。）可知美国大峡谷最适合想要冒险旅行的人。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文大意，文章主要介绍了四个世界著名的旅游景点，可知文章与旅游有关，文章最有可能出一本自旅游手册。故选C项。
B
On May 21, 2022, Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world. Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries - most of it with his dog Savannah.
Speaking to CNN, Turcich explained that, after a friend died in an accident at age 17 he started to look at life differently, and decided to go on a journey around the world. It took over eight years of saving and planning before Turcich finally left his home on April 2, 2015 - just before his 26th birthday - on his way to Panama. He had a stroller to carry his hiking equipment, a sleeping bag, a laptop, a camera and a box of food.
About four months into the journey, Turcich adopted Savannah from, an animal shelter in Texas. She joined him for the rest of the trip, becoming the first dog to walk around the world. The pair walked around 30-40 kilometers a day, spending most nights camping. Some parts could not be done on foot, however - such as when lurcich and Savannah took a boat from Uruguay to Antarctica. In late 2017, Turcich had to return home to recover from an illness he got while traveling through Ireland and the UK.
He and Savannah started walking again in May 2018, going through Europe, North Africa and Turkey before getting stuck in Azerbaijan for six months because of the COVID-19 pandemic. They were able to travel to Kyrgyzstan before taking a plane to Seattle. From there, he and Savannah walked back to New Jersey.
Turcich said the most difficult place to walk through was “desolate“ Wyoming. Now that he’s back home, Turcich says he wants to stay in one place for a while - and write a book about his trip.
4. What led to Turcich’s decision to walk around the world?
A. His thoughtful plan before a birthday.
B. His different attitude towards travelling.
C. The death of his friend at an early age.
D. The adoption of Savannah from a shelter.
5. What can we know about the Turcich and Savannah according to the text?
A. They spent most of nights in hotels during the trip.
B. Their journey has been recorded in Turcich’s book.
C. Their trip was once interrupted due to Turcich’s illness.
D. The most challenging place for them to walk through was Azerbaijan.
6. What kind of person is Turcich according to the text?
A. Creative and curious.
B. Brave and determined.
C. Caring and intelligent.
D. Humorous and cautious.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To persuade people to travel with a reliable animal.
B. To motivate young people to take a worldwide walking trip.
C. To emphasize the importance of an unforgettable travel experience.
D. To share a story about a man and a dog’s walking around the world.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了Tom Turcich成为第十个环游世界的人，在七年多的时间里，他和他的狗萨凡纳走过了4.8万公里，横跨六大洲和38个国家。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二题中“Speaking to CNN, Turcich explained that, after a friend died in an accident at age 17 he started to look at life differently, and decided to go on a journey around the world. (在接受CNN采访时，Tom Turcich解释说，在他17岁时一个朋友死于一场事故后，他开始以不同的方式看待生活，并决定进行一次环球旅行。)”可知，一个朋友的意外离世促使Tom Turcich开始环球旅行。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In late 2017, Turcich had to return home to recover from an illness he got while traveling through Ireland and the UK.( 2017年底，Turcich 在爱尔兰和英国旅行时生病，不得不回国养病。)”可知，他们的旅行一度因Turcich的病而中断。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“About four months into the journey, Turcich adopted Savannah from, an animal shelter in Texas. She joined him for the rest of the trip, becoming the first dog to walk around the world. The pair walked around 30-40 kilometers a day, spending most nights camping. Some parts could not be done on foot, however - such as when lurcich and Savannah took a boat from Uruguay to Antarctica. (大约四个月后，Turcich从德克萨斯州的一家动物收容所收养了萨凡纳。她和他一起完成了剩下的旅程，成为了第一只环游世界的狗。二者每天步行30-40公里，大部分晚上都在露营。然而，有些部分是不能步行完成的，比如勒里奇和萨凡纳从乌拉圭乘船前往南极洲。)”以及倒数第二段中“He and Savannah started walking again in May 2018, going through Europe, North Africa and Turkey before getting stuck in Azerbaijan for six months because of the COVID-19 pandemic. (2018年5月，他和萨凡纳再次开始徒步旅行，途经欧洲、北非和土耳其，后来因为新冠肺炎大流行在阿塞拜疆滞留了6个月。)”可知，Turcich 克服了困难完成了剩下旅程。由此体现出他是勇敢的和意志坚定的。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“On May 21, 2022, Tom Turcich of New Jersey became the 10th person to walk around the world. Over seven years, he walked 48,000 kilometers across six continents and 38 countries - most of it with his dog Savannah.( 2022年5月21日，新泽西州的Tom Turcich成为第十个环游世界的人。在七年多的时间里，他走了4.8万公里，穿越了六大洲和38个国家——大部分时间是和他的狗萨凡纳一起走的。)”并结合全文可知，文章讲述的是Turcich成为了第十个环游世界的人，他和狗狗萨凡纳一起穿越了六大洲和38个国家，行走了4.8万公里。故文章的目的是分享一个关于一个男人和一只狗环游世界的故事。故选D。
C
Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report’s authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.
The Living Planet Report (LPR) is produced every two years by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the Zoological Society of London. The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world’s monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.
Although the average global loss of wildlife is 69%, the rate is greater in the global south. Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. Across the world, the biggest drop was in freshwater populations of wildlife — including almost 1,400 species of mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles — which have decreased by 83%.
The report identifies several causes for wildlife loss, including hunting, farming, the loss of forests, pollution and climate change. However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.
Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying”, and said “we need to restore nature and not simply halt its loss.” In December 2022, world leaders are meeting in Montreal for the 15th UN Biodiversity Conference, also known as COP 15. The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching.”
8. What does the author mainly want to show by listing the numbers in the first three paragraphs?
A. The causes of the urgent situation.
B. The detailed process of the research.
C. The severity of wildlife loss worldwide.
D. The drop in freshwater populations of wildlife?
9. According to the report, what is a possible solution to population decline of wildlife?
A. Stop hunting and farming.
B. Ban the production of wildlife food.
C. Offer legal protection of natural environment.
D. Replace the fossil fuels with renewable energy
10. What does the underlined word “halt” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Accept. B. Stop. C. Fear. D. Suffer.
11. What is Lambertini’s attitude towards wildlife loss?
A. Objective. B. Indifferent.
C. Ambiguous. D. Concerned.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球野生动物损失的严重性，因此需要全球共同努力，关注并解决该问题。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report’s authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.(根据一份新的科学报告，在不到50年的时间里，世界各地的动物数量减少了69%。该报告的作者呼吁采取紧急行动来恢复自然世界)”以及第二段中“The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world’s monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.(2022年10月13日发布的最新报告显示，1970年至2018年期间，全球近70%的受监测野生动物消失。该报告基于全球195个国家的研究。数据来自5230个物种的近32000个种群)”以及第三段中“Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970. (拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的野生动物数量下降尤其严重，自1970年以来已经失去了94%的野生动物)”可知，作者主要想通过列举前三段的数字来展示世界范围内野生动物损失的严重性。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.(然而，该报告也提出了解决方案，例如设计破坏性较小的粮食生产系统，紧急保护亚马逊雨林，限制化石燃料的使用，以及制定新的法律来保护我们的自然环境)”可知，根据该报告，为自然环境提供法律保护是解决野生动物数量下降的一个可能的解决方案。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying”,( 在评论该报告时，世界自然基金会国际总干事马可·兰伯蒂尼称这些数字“令人恐惧”)”以及“we need to restore nature(我们需要恢复自然)”可知，面临野生动物数量急剧下降的情况，我们不仅仅是停止当前的损失，更需要做的是需要去恢复自然。由此可知，划线词halt与stop(停止)意思接近。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching.”(LPR的作者说，这是一个应对野生动物损失和恢复自然的全球计划的机会。兰伯蒂尼说：“政府领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。“全世界都在看着。”)”可知，兰伯蒂尼认为领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。由此推知，他对野生动物数量减少的态度是担心的。故选D。
D
Next time you consider striking up a conversation with a stranger in line at the grocery store or while waiting at the laundry, keep in mind that it might be beneficial for your well-being. A recent study by a group of researchers found that there is a link between happiness and a term that the researchers coined called “relational diversity.”
Using public data from sources like the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the World Health Organization, the researchers analyzed data sets and survey responses from people who had shared their daily habits, schedules and interactions. They noticed a clear relationship between relational diversity and overall levels of satisfaction.
Hanne Collins, a Harvard Business School doctoral student who co-authored the study, says that relational diversity is composed of two elements: richness and evenness. Richness measures relationship categories, or how many kinds of people you interact with in a day. That could be your romantic partner, a family member, a neighbor or a stranger. “The more relationship categories they talk to in a day and the more even their conversations are across those categories, the happier they are. And we find this in a large sample across many countries,” Collins said. Evenness relates to the distribution of conversations among those different relationship categories. Some people may find themselves interacting with colleagues at work more than, say, their family members. “If you have a few conversations with colleagues, a few with friends, a few with a romantic partner or a couple chats with strangers, that’s going to be more even across these categories,” Collins explained.
Ultimately, Collins says, the study gives insight to the idea that humans are social creatures at heart. Having a support system is important, but it goes beyond your inner circle. “It’s about this mix. It’s about connecting with people who are close to you, who are maybe less close to you, who connect you with other people, who provide different kinds of support,” she said. “Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio, the happier you are and the higher your well-being.”
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The research method.
B. The supporting evidence.
C. The analysis of the research data.
D. The application of the research findings.
13. How does Collin explain the findings in paragraph 3?
A. By illustrating concepts.
B. By presenting questions.
C. By using an expert’s word.
D. By referring to another study.
14. What does Collins suggest people do in the last paragraph?
A. Live a more active life.
B. Expand the inner circle.
C. Gain as much support as possible.
D. Connect with all kinds of people.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Humans, social creatures at heart
B. Finding support benefits your well-being
C. The more you interact, the better you will be
D. Talking to strangers might make you happier
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍你和不同的陌生人群交流，就会有幸福感。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Using public data from sources like the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the World Health Organization, the researchers analyzed data sets and survey responses from people who had shared their daily habits, schedules and interactions. They noticed a clear relationship between relational diversity and overall levels of satisfaction. (研究人员利用劳工统计局和世界卫生组织等来源的公共数据，分析了分享过日常习惯、日程安排和互动的人的数据集和调查结果。他们注意到关系多样性和总体满意度之间的明显关系。)”可知，这一段主要讲述对研究数据进行分析的研究方法。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Hanne Collins, a Harvard Business School doctoral student who co-authored the study, says that relational diversity is composed of two elements: richness and evenness. Richness measures relationship categories, or how many kinds of people you interact with in a day. That could be your romantic partner, a family member, a neighbor or a stranger. “The more relationship categories they talk to in a day and the more even their conversations are across those categories, the happier they are. And we find this in a large sample across many countries,” Collins said. Evenness relates to the distribution of conversations among those different relationship categories. Some people may find themselves interacting with colleagues at work more than, say, their family members. “If you have a few conversations with colleagues, a few with friends, a few with a romantic partner or a couple chats with strangers, that’s going to be more even across these categories,” Collins explained. (这项研究的合著者、哈佛商学院博士生汉恩·柯林斯（Hanne Collins）表示，关系多样性由两个要素组成：丰富性和均匀性。财富衡量的是关系类别，或者你一天中与多少类型的人互动。那可能是你的浪漫伴侣、家人、邻居或陌生人。柯林斯说：“他们在一天中交谈的关系类别越多，甚至他们在这些类别中的对话越多，他们就越快乐。我们在许多国家的一个大样本中发现了这一点。”均匀性与这些不同关系类别之间的对话分布有关。有些人可能会发现自己在工作中与同事的互动比与家人的互动更多。柯林斯解释道：“如果你和同事聊了几次，和朋友聊了几句，和一个浪漫的伴侣聊了几段，或者和陌生人聊了几回，那么这类人的情况会更好。”)”可知，柯林斯主要通过丰富性和均匀性这两个概念来解释他的发现。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio, the happier you are and the higher your well-being. (本质上，这个想法是，你的社交组合越多样化，你就越快乐，你的幸福感就越高。)”可知，柯林斯建议人们尽可能多的和不同的人进行社交。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Next time you consider striking up a conversation with a stranger in line at the grocery store or while waiting at the laundry, keep in mind that it might be beneficial for your well-being. “（下次你考虑在杂货店排队或在洗衣店等待时与陌生人交谈时，请记住这可能对你的健康有益。）根据第一段“A recent study by a group of researchers found that there is a link between happiness and a term that the researchers coined called “relational diversity.” (一组研究人员最近的一项研究发现，幸福与研究人员创造的“关系多样性”这一术语之间存在联系。)”和最后一段“Essentially, the idea is that the more diverse your social portfolio, the happier you are and the higher your well-being. (本质上，这个想法是，你的社交组合越多样化，你就越快乐，你的幸福感就越高。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述一个人的幸福感和社交多样化有联系，和不同的陌生人群交流，就会有幸福感。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone knows that the media can be and is manipulated (操控). Everything that we read on the Internet may not always be true. People have constantly been complaining about lies in the media. ____16____ Here are some tips and tools:
Check the domain. Established news organizations usually own their domains and they have a standard look. Many fake ones use similar URLs and domain names, but rather than using a “.com”, they use “.com.co” endings. ____17____ But abcnews. com.co is not!
Check the comments. Headlines are meant to get the readers’ attention and reflect what the story is about. ____18____ Headlines are often written in exaggerated (夸张的) language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true. These stories usually generate a lot of comments. If a lot of these comments call out the article for being fake or misleading, it probably is.
____19____ Are there noticeable grammatical errors? Know this -reliable sources have high prootreading and grammatical standards! Is the story of the celebrity current or recycled? Make sure an older story has not been taken out of context.
Remember, do not believe everything you see, read or hear. False news travels faster online than real news. ____20____ Read widely instead and consider the other side of a story. Ask, think and check whenever you read an article, hear an opinion or see a picture.
A. Guarantee correct grammar.
B. So how can we be smart online?
C. But lately, that hasn’t been the case.
D. Pay attention to quality and timeliness.
E. For example, abcnews.com is a legal news source.
F You can use most search engines to find more information.
G. Do not define your opinions and views because of one article you have read.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何辨别网络上信息真假提出了一些实用的技巧和方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Everything that we read on the Internet may not always be true. People have constantly been complaining about lies in the media. ”（我们在互联网上读到的一切可能并不总是正确的。人们一直在抱怨媒体的谎言。）可知，对于网络上虚假的信息，人们对这种现象一直都在埋怨。下文“Here are some tips and tools”（这里有一些（辨别网络上虚假信息的）技巧和工具。）可知，接下来的内容描述的是的如何辨别网络上信息真假的技巧和方法。因而，空处的内容可以提出问题：如何成为一个智慧的网络使用者呢？选项B.“那么我们怎样才能在网上变得聪明呢？”，切题，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Many fake ones use similar URLs and domain names, but rather than using a “.com”, they use “.com.co” endings. ”（许多假冒的域名使用相似的 URL 和域名，但他们不使用“ . com”，而是使用“ . com.co”结尾。）可知，通过域名的形式可以区分网站的真假。因此空处应该承接前文，举出事例说明。选项E.“例如，abcnews.com 是一个合法的新闻来源。”以例子证实真正存在的网站的网址，且和下文“But abcnews. com.co is not!”（但是 abcnews. com.co不是！）在逻辑上相一致，切题，故选E。
【18题详解】
前文“Headlines are meant to get the readers’ attention and reflect what the story is about. ”（标题是为了吸引读者的注意力，反映故事的内容。）说明一般情形下，标题可以反映故事的内容，具有概括性。下文“Headlines are often written in exaggerated (夸张的) language with the intention of being misleading and then attached to stories that are about a completely different topic or just not true.”（新闻标题通常是用夸张的语言写的，目的是误导读者，然后附加到关于一个完全不同的主题或不真实的故事上。）可知，虚假的新闻的标题并不能如实的反映其真实的内容。因而，空处的内容应为虚假标题的情形和通常标题的特点不一样。选项C.“但最近，情况并非如此。”利用转折词“but”引出虚假的标题并非如此，符合题意，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Are there noticeable grammatical errors? Know this -reliable sources have high. prootreading and grammatical standards! Is the story of the celebrity current or recycled? Make sure an older story has not been taken out of context.”（是否有明显的语法错误? 要知道——可靠的来源有很高的校对和语法标准！这个名人的故事是流行的还是循环利用的？确保一个旧的故事没有被断章取义。）可知，可靠的网站的内容在语法上都是正确的，且它的内容都是最新的，不会拿以前的故事或者断章取义来博得网民的关注。因而，本段讲述可以关注网站内容和时效来辨别真假。选项D.“Pay attention to quality and timeliness.”（注意质量和时间。）符合题意，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Remember, do not believe everything you see, read or hear. False news travels faster online than real news. ”（记住，不要相信你所看到的、读到的或听到的一切。假新闻在网上传播的速度比真新闻快。）可知，网上看到的某个信息可能会是假信息，因为假新闻在网上传播的速度比真新闻快。下文“Read widely instead and consider the other side of a story.”（要广泛阅读，并考虑故事的另一面。）强调广泛阅读可以确保获得的信息的真实性。因此，空处的内容应为不要因为一篇自己读过的文章就确定某个信息。选项G.“不要因为你读过的一篇文章而定义你的观点和看法。”符合题意，故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Silence is important for learning. I got it from my fourteen-month-old daughter Arielle.
One day, she sat on the floor with an old baby doll. Without buttons, it could neither ____21____ nor play music. The whole room was silent. Then Arielle began to explore the baby doll. When her hand touched a tiny ____22____, she used one finger to trace (勾画) its shape. Then she ____23____ one of her own ears and then both ears. She kept tracing the doll’s ear and her own a few more times until, ____24____, she turned her attention elsewhere.
At that moment I discovered how human ____25____ took place. Something stimulated (刺激) Arielle’s ____26____: Is her body like her doll’s? With no outside stimulation, she satisfied her curiosity by comparing the doll’s body and herself. ____27____, for many kids, experiences like Arielle’s are less and less frequent ____28____ children are surrounded by those so-called ____29____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button. This _____30_____ them to push buttons repeatedly without thinking and may rob (剥夺) children of opportunities to problem-solve.
Like adults, children need times that are _____31_____ to experience the difference between just reacting to outside stimulation and _____32_____ their own ideas by exploring the world.
Indeed, the toys most likely to encourage creative play are not those that make _____33_____ or have lots of unnecessary’ functions. _____34_____, they are simple, quiet and can be used in lots of different ways. So next time, when _____35_____ what to buy your child, make a wise choice.
21. A. smile B. stand C. talk D. sleep
22. A. nose B. mouth C. ear D. foot
23. A. covered B. felt C. hurt D. drew
24. A. discouraged B. interested C. confused D. satisfied
25. A. aging B. communication C. learning D. experiment
26. A. imagination B. curiosity C. creativity D. determination
27. A. Briefly B. Sadly C. Hopefully D. Traditionally
28. A. unless B. while C. since D. until
29. A. safe B. pretty C. healthy D. smart
30. A. required B. forbade C. advised D. caused
31. A. hard B. quiet C. extra D. fresh
32. A. developing B. changing C. expressing D. appreciating
33. A. noise B. profits C. progress D. records
34. A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Besides
35. A. asking B. studying C. deciding D. suggesting
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从14个月的女儿Arielle那里学到：沉默对于学习是重要的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有按钮，它既不能说话也不能播放音乐。A. smile微笑；B. stand站立；C. talk说话；D. sleep睡觉。It此处指代上文的baby doll，根据“Without buttons”和“The whole room was silent.”可知，没有按钮，布娃娃既不会说话也不能播放音乐。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她的手碰到一只小耳朵时，她会用一根手指描摹它的形状。A. nose鼻子；B. mouth嘴；C. ear耳朵；D. foot脚。根据下文“one of her own ears and then both ears.”可知，Arielle的手碰到布娃娃的耳朵，会用手指描摹它的形状。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她摸了摸自己的一只耳朵，又摸了摸两只耳朵。A. covered覆盖；B. felt触摸；C. hurt使受伤；D. drew画。根据上文“she used one finger to trace (勾画) its shape”可知，Arielle用手指勾画布娃娃的耳朵轮廓以后，摸摸自己的耳朵。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不停地描摹着娃娃的耳朵，又摸了几次自己的耳朵，直到她满足了，才把注意力转移到别处。A. discouraged心灰意冷的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. confused困惑的；D. satisfied满足的。根据上文“She kept tracing the doll’s ear and her own a few more times until”和下文“she turned her attention elsewhere.”可知，Arielle不断的摸摸布娃娃的耳朵，再摸摸自己的耳朵，直到玩够了，满足了，才转移注意力。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我发现了人类学习是如何发生的。A. aging老龄化；B. communication交流；C. learning学习；D. experiment实验。根据下文“Something stimulated (刺激) Arielle’s ____6____: Is her body like her doll’s?”可知，Arielle在学习，从中作者发现了人类学习的方式。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有什么东西激发了Arielle的好奇心：她的身体像她的娃娃吗？A. imagination想象；B. curiosity好奇心；C. creativity创造力；D. determination决心。根据下文的问题“Is her body like her doll’s?”和“With no outside stimulation, she satisfied her curiosity by comparing the doll’s body and herself.”可知，Arielle产生了好奇心。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A. Briefly简单地；B. Sadly悲哀地；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Traditionally传统地。根据上文“for many kids, experiences like Arielle’s are less and less frequent”和下文“children are surrounded by those so-called ____9____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，很多孩子没有Arielle这样的经历，应该是悲哀地。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unless除非；B. while当……时候；C. since因为；D. until直到。根据下文“children are surrounded by those so-called ____9____ toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，孩子们被智能玩具包围是缺少那种经历的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲是，对于许多孩子来说，像Arielle这样的经历越来越少了，因为孩子们被那些所谓的智能玩具包围着，这些玩具可以说话，按下按钮就能移动。A. safe安全的；B. pretty漂亮的；C. healthy健康的；D. smart智能的。根据下文toy的定语从句“which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，这些玩具会说话会移动，因此是智能玩具。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这导致他们不假思索地反复按按钮，可能会剥夺孩子们解决问题的机会。A. required要求；B. forbade禁止；C. advised建议；D. caused导致。根据上文“toys which can talk and move at the push of a button”可知，一按按钮玩具就会说话和引导，这导致孩子们不假思索地反复按按钮。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和成年人一样，孩子们也需要安静的时间来体验仅仅对外界刺激做出反应和通过探索世界来形成自己的想法之间的区别。A. hard困难的；B. quiet安静的；C. extra额外的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据上文“Silence is important for learning.”可知，孩子们也需要安静的时间来学校。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。developing形成；B. changing改变；C. expressing表达；D. appreciating感激。根据下文“by exploring the world”可知，孩子们通过探索世界来形成他们自己的想法。故选A。
33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，最有可能鼓励创造性游戏的玩具不是那些制造噪音或有很多不必要的“功能”的玩具。A. noise噪音；B. profits利润；C. progress进展；D. records记录。根据上文的“can talk and move”可知，这些玩具制造出噪音。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们简单、安静，可以以多种不同的方式使用。A. However然而；B. Instead代替；相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。根据上文“are not those that make ____13____ or have lots of unnecessary’ functions”和下文“they are simple, quiet and can be used in lots of different ways”可知，前后文是相反的意思。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以下次，当决定给你的孩子买什么时，要做出明智的选择。A. asking问；B. studying学习；C. deciding决定；D. suggesting建议。根据下文“make a wise choice”和上文对于玩具的讲述可知，当你决定给孩子们买东西时，要做出明智的选择。故选C。
第二节(10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填人一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dogs can cry tears of joy when they see their owners after a long period of absence, researchers have said.
The study, ____36____(base) on the behaviour of 22 dogs, looked at the reactions of dogs reunited with their owners ____37____ with other people they knew. To test their theory, academics placed pieces of paper under the eyes of the dogs during normal interaction with their owners and a minute before they were reunited with them after hours of ____38____ (separate). They discovered when the dogs saw their owners, it was the only time they shed tears. There was not ____39____ same level of increased tear production when the dogs were reunited with the people they were familiar ____40____, but were not their owners.
To see whether the tears ____41____ (link) to their emotions, the researchers applied a solution containing oxytocin, a hormone (激素) ____42____ in humans sometimes is called the love hormone, to the dogs. After they used the hormone, they found the dogs’ tears ____43____ (significant) increased. While dogs are known to cry ____44____ (keep) their tear ducts (泪腺) clean, it has not been connected to their emotional response before.
Raised by humans, dogs ______45______(develop) specific communication skills over time.The tears are believed to deepen the bond between dogs and their owners.
【答案】36. based
37. and 38. separation
39. the 40. with
41. were linked
42. that##which
43. significantly
44. to keep
45. have developed
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现，当狗狗长时间和主人分开又见到主人时，它们会喜极而泣。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究以22只狗的行为为基础，研究了狗与主人和他们认识的其他人团聚时的反应。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词base和被修饰的名词The study,是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式，表示被动，作后置定语。故填based。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：见第1题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，their owners和other people是并列的关系，用连词and。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了验证他们的理论，学者们在与主人的正常互动过程中，以及在分开几小时后与主人团聚前一分钟，将纸片放在狗的眼睛下面。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词作介词of的宾语，意为“分开”，是不可数名词。故填separation。
【39题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：当这些狗与他们熟悉的人，但不是他们的主人，团聚时，眼泪的分泌量并没有达到同样的水平。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配the same，意为“相同的”。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：见第4题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语be familiar with，意为“和…熟悉的”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：为了观察眼泪是否与他们的情绪有关，研究人员将一种含有催产素的溶液应用于狗身上，催产素在人类中有时被称为爱情激素。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查引导的宾语从句的谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，主语tears和动词link是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态结构，主语是tears，be动词用were。故填were linked。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，____7____ in humans sometimes is called the love hormone是定语从句，先行词hormone在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：使用激素后，他们发现狗的眼泪明显增多。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词修饰动词increased。故填significantly。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然人们知道狗会哭以保持泪道清洁，但这与它们以前的情绪反应无关。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to keep。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：狗由人类饲养，随着时间的推移，狗已经会发展出特定的沟通能力。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有over time作时间状语，所以谓语用现在完成时，主语是dogs，助动词用have。故填have developed。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是育英中学的李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Jackson下学期将到你校交流学习，写信向你了解学校情况。请给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.学校简介；
2.特色活动
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jackson,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jackson,
I’m pleased to know that you are planning to visit our school next term. I’m writing to express my sincere welcome and introduce some information about my school.
With technological-advanced modern facilities, our school has beautiful campus and attractive learning environment. Besides, you will be impressed by nice teachers and friendly students, making you feel at ease. What appeals to you most is the English Club, which arranges an activity once a week. In the activity, native students can communicate with exchage students. It helps them a lot.
Looking forward to meeting you. I hope you will enjoy you stay here.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给下学期即将到校交流学习的澳大利亚朋友Jackson写信介绍自己学校的相关情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：pleased → delighted
学期：term → semester
漂亮的：beautiful → pretty
氛围，环境： environment→ atmosphere
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In the activity, native students can communicate with exchage students. It helps them a lot.
拓展句：In the activity, native students can communicate with exchage students,which helps them a lot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I’m pleased to know that you are planning to visit our school next semester. （运用了that 引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】
What appeals to you most is the English Club, which arranges an activity once a week.（运用了what引导的主语从句和which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写使之构成一个完整的故事。
On a Friday evening in December, two weeks before Christmas, I lost my job. I hadn’t seen it coming. I was excited for the weekend, when my daughter, Kristil, then 12, and I planned to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail “We’re sorry, but your work assignment has ended.” My heart sank.
I wasn’t just a single parent; I was the only parent. I did everything I could to give Kristil a good life, but there were some things my love couldn’t fix. The next day as we searched for our tree, I struggled to be cheerful as I eyed the Christmas tree prices. Empty-handed, we returned home.
Over the next week, I furiously applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. All applications ended in vain. I felt as if the world was closing in on me. On a weekend afternoon, I dropped Kristil in a wealthy gated community for a birthday party of her classmate. I watched as she went in, surrounded by all the nice things we couldn’t afford. I drove home defeated.
Back at home, I glanced out the window. It had been snowing on and off all morning. I noticed a small woman with short white hair struggling to open her car door against the wind. She got out. I realized it was my old professor, Esther Heffernan. I hadn’t seen her since we’d met for lunch three months ago. I’d first met Esther 10 years earlier, when I was her student at Edgewood College in Madison, Wisconsin. Kristil was 3 at the time, and I sometimes took her to class. Esther was understanding and would bring coloring books to occupy Kristil. After I graduated, she kept in touch, meeting me for lunch every few months. I had grown to love her like family.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I rushed out of the house, waving my hands.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I opened the envelope, inside I found some money and a note.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I rushed out of the house, waving my hands. “What are you doing out in this weather?” I asked as we hugged. Sister Esther said she called my office and knew I wasn’t working there anymore, so she came to see me. I gave her a warm welcome and led her into my room. Upon arriving, she told me urgently, “Hearing the news that you were fired from the work, I felt greatly worried. I know you are raising a big family and bearing a large life financial pressure. So I come here and give the gifts for you and Kristil.” She said as she kissed me on the cheek. While saying, she handed me a big package and a Christmas card.
When I opened the envelope, inside I found some money and a note. Into the package placed a doll and a large envelope. I tore the envelope carefully and hundred-dollar bills poured onto the floor. Tears of gratitude puddled in my eyes as I picked up the precious gift, which could help me get through the tough time and buy the Christmas tree that I promised to give my daughter. Feeling gratitude, I hugged Sister Esther tightly and thanked her sincerely.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在圣诞节前丢了工作，接下来的的一周，作者想尽快找到工作挣钱，买下圣诞树。随后的周日下午，作者带着女儿Kristil去一个富裕的封闭式社区参加一个生日聚会，让作者心灵备受打击。回家后，就在作者看着下雪的窗外的时候，看到了曾经的老师Esther。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①根据第一段首句“我挥舞着双手冲出了房子。”可知，第一段可描写作者欢迎Esther的到来，同时带她进屋。Esther说她来给作者和女儿送来了圣诞贺卡和礼物。
②根据第二段首句“当我打开信封时，我发现里面有一些钱和一张纸条。”可知，第二段可描写打开礼物后作者发现了里面的现金，作者对Esther的这份“及时雨”表示感激。
2. 续写线索
拜访——进到家里——寒暄——送出礼物——打开礼物——震惊——感激
3. 词汇激活
行动类
①养家：raise a family/ support a family/ feed a family
②递给：hand/pass
③买：buy/purchase
情绪类
①担忧的：worried/concerned
②感谢的：gratitude/grateful/thankful/ appreciative
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing the news that you were fired from the work, I felt greatly worried.(运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的同位语从句)
【高分句型2】Tears of gratitude puddled in my eyes as I picked up the precious gift, which could help me get through the tough time and buy the Christmas tree that I promised to give my daughter.(运用了as引导时间状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句和that引导的限定性定语从句)
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