江西省萍乡市2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

萍乡市2022~2023学年度第二学期高二期中考试

英         语

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分   听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A.£19.15.                   B.£9.18.                    C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1. What does the woman want to buy?

A. Sweets and apples.           B. Oranges and apples.          C. Vegetables and apples.

2. Who is coming for tea?

A. John.                   B. Mark.                   C. Tracy.

3. Where is the man going to spend his Christmas?

A. In his brother’s.           B. In his mother’s.           C. In his sister's.

4. Where does the man most likely live?

A. In Canada.                 B. In New York.                C. In California.

5. Why are the kids in the woman's yard?

A. To play baseball.

B. To look for their dog.

C. To get their baseball back.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where does the woman want to go?

A. To Disneyland.

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B. To Shanghai University.

C. To the Oriental Pearl Tower.

7. What will the speakers probably do next?

A. Cancel their flight.           B. Call their neighbors.             C. Order a taxi.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Why does the woman want to go home?

A. She isn't feeling well.

B. She needs to get something to eat.

C. She doesn't want to attend the meeting.

9. What will the man do for the woman?

A. Drive her somewhere.

B. Ask for a sick leave for her.

C. Work on her project for her.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Why was Jim unable to find Susan's home?

A. He hadn't been told how to get there.

B. He just spent thirteen minutes searching for her house.

C. He forgot to bring the map Susan gave him.

11. What does Jim want Susan to do now?

A. Come and get him.

B. Give him a new map.

C. Tell him the direction again.

12. How will Jim go to Susan's home?

A. On foot.                    B. By bike.                   C. By bus.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Employer and employee.         B. Doctor and patient.            C. Husband and wife.

14. What's the woman's attitude towards the man's idea?

A. Negative.                  B. Indifferent.                 C. Positive.

15. Why does the man think he should join the football team?

A. He was a professional player.

B. He used to play football very well.

C. It is organized by his neighborhood.

16. What does the woman advise the man to do?

A. Insist on his diet.             B. Do more exercise.               C. Join the football team.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What part of work does the speaker do on his own?

A. Writing dialogues.            B. Developing programs.           C. Listening to stories.

18. What did the speaker plan to be when in the secondary school?

A. A journalist.                 B. A basketball player.           C. A violinist.

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19. When did the speaker decide to work in the video game industry?

A. While studying in a film school.

B. Before leaving university.

C. Before hurting his hand.

20. What does the speaker love most about his job?

A. Winning many prizes.        B. Getting high salary.         C. Working in harmony.

第二部分   阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节   (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

The city of Phoenix and its surrounding areas are known as the Valley of the Sun and there are so many entry-level hiking trails for explorers in Phoenix. If you're looking for a cas-ual walk, check out one of these easy hiking trails in Phoenix.

Judith Tunnell Accessible Trail:This is a barrier-free trail that makes it easy to get out and enjoy the beauty of South Mountain Park, which is a city park and preserve that boasts the title of largest municipal(市政的) park in the country. Hike along to enjoy the beautiful scenery and then stop to relax at one of the trail , side benches.

Difficulty:Easiest

Distance:One-mile loop

Canal Trails:The canals throughout central Phoenix provide some of easy off-pavement hiking in the city. If you're just getting accustomed to walking over uneven dirt surfaces and aren't quite ready to take on the ups and downs of many trail surfaceés, the canal paths are for you.

Difficulty:Very easy

Distance:Varies

Trail 100 at North Mountain Park Visitor Center:This nice wide trail, part of the Phoenix Mountain Preserve, is popular with local hikers, runners, and mountain bikers, so be pre-pared to share the trail. The trail surface here is more uneven with casual ups and downs through desert washes.

Difficulty:Easy to moderate

Distance:About 2.5-mile loop

Papago Park:For a classic Phoenix experience, Papago Park is the answer. Depending on where you're at in the park, you can catch views of the downtown Phoenix skyline, Tempe Town Lake, the Phoenix Zoo and historic Tovrea Castle.

Difficulty:Easy

Distance:0.2mile

21. Which might be the option for people liking mountain biking?

A. Canal Trails.

B. Papago Park.

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C. Judith Tunnell Accessible Trail.

D. Trail 100 at North Mountain Park Visitor Center.

22. What do the listed hiking trails have in common?

A. Their surface is very even.

B. They are friendly to beginners.

C. There are some benches along them.

D. They pass through a mix of desert landscapes.

23. Where can the text be found?

A. In a fashion magazine.                    B. In a science magazine.

C. In a travel brochure.                       D. In a history book.

B

Every day, there are 25,000 flights in America. Accidents are so rare that flying is much safer than car travel. But that doesn't stop many people from panic when they are moving at 500 miles per hour,33,000 feet above the ground. Not being at the controls makes us feel a bit helpless. When the negative thoughts begin to swirl(打旋), even in a very safe place, we will suddenly feel panic.

That's what happened recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline. Many of us can go along doing ordinary things and suddenly be overcome with fear. The physical symptoms are real, and it requires a calming force to steady our emotions. In panic mode, every sound and movement feels like a threat. The passengers responded accordingly, jumping at every sound and the slightest turbulence(骚乱).

Floyd Dean-Shannon noticed a woman's distress. As a flight attendant, he has plenty to do during a flight. But he stopped and spoke comfortingly to the woman. Floyd calmly ex-plained what the noise was and that it was normal. As the woman began to calm down a bit,Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand. He told her she was safe. He made her feel safe. He sat with her through the entire flight. At one point, Floyd learned it was an-other passenger's birthday, so he led the plane in a song to celebrate—another way of making the woman feel safe by distracting her from her fears. He stayed by the woman s side until it was time to land.

We all have friends who become distressed, who over worry, who may struggle with some difficulties that keep them from enjoying life. Like Floyd, we can be open enough to see, and to be there. We don't have to be professional counselors;we just need to be friends.

24. Why do some people feel fearful when on a-flight?

A. They have a negative memory.

B. The speed and height make them feel helpless.

C. There are more plane accidents than car accidents.

D. There are 25,000 flights at the same time.

25. What does the underlined word“distress”in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Anger.              B. Sorrow.              C. Surprise.           D. Worry.

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26. Which of the following words best describe Floyd?

A. Patient and considerate.                   B. Ambitious and determined.

C. Brave and sympathetic.                    D. Sensitive and modest.

27. What is the most suitable title for the text?

A. How should we deal with the sudden fear

B. Why do we suddenly feel scared when flying

C. Overcoming fear sometimes requires a patient friend

D. Airline travel is much safer than car travel in America

C

What if AI could interpret your imagination, turning images in your mind into reality?While that sounds like a detail in a science fiction, researchers have now accomplished exactly this. Researchers found that they could reconstruct highly accurate images from brain activity by using the popular stable diffusion(扩散) image generation model. The authors wrote that unlike previous studies, they didn't need to train the AI models to create these images.

The researchers said that they first predicted a potential representation, which is a model of the image's data, from fMRI(功能性磁共振成像) signals. Then, the model was processed and noise was added to it through the diffusion process. Finally, the researchers decoded(解码) text:representations from fMRI signals and used them as input to produce a final construc-ted image.

The researchers wrote that a few studies have produced good reconstructions of images but it was only after training. This resulted in limitations because training complex models are challenging and there are not many samples to work with. Prior to this new study, no other researchers had tried using diffusion models for visual reconstruction.

In the past, we've seen other examples of how brainwaves and brain functions can create images. In 2014,a Shanghai-based artist Jody Xiong used sensors to connect sixteen people with disabilities to balloons of paint. The people would then use their thoughts to burst spe-cific balloons and create their own paintings.

With the advancement of AI, more and more researchers have been testing the ways AI models can work with the human brain. In a January 2022 study, researchers at Radboud Uni-versity in the Netherlands trained an AI network on fMRI data from 1,050 unique faces and converted the brain imaging results:into actual images. The study found that the AI was able to perform reconstruction. In the latest study, the researchers found that current diffusion models can now achieve high-quality visual reconstruction.

28. How did researchers make images from brain activity in the previous research?

A. By training AI models.                  B. By using generation model.

C. By reconstructing mind.                  D. By predicting people's imagination.

29. Where are images’data from?

A. The diffusion text.                     B. The fMRI. signals.

C. The processed model.                     D. The text representation.

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30. Why do the researchers think their new study is meaningful?

A. Their training work is very challenging.

B. They've made training models less complex.

C. Nobody has reconstructed images by brainwaves.

D. Their visual reconstruction can overcome certain limitations.

31. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Few researchers have used AI to make reconstruct images.

B. Scientists should do more to make high-quality reconstruction.

C. The AI models should be improved to work with fMRI data.

D. The AI contributes a lot to good visual reconstruction.

D

Researchers at the University of Helsinki recently examined hyperactivity(过分好动) and inattention in more than 11,000 Finnish pet dogs. They found that the dog's age and gender,as well as exposure to other dogs, played a part.

“We wanted to collect a large behavioral data of dogs to better understand behavior problems that are common in our companion dogs. We studied seven characteristics:noise sensitivity,fearfulness, fear of surfaces and heights, inattention, compulsive behavior, separation-related behavior, and aggression,”says Sini Sulkama,a researcher at the University of Helsinki.

Their goal was to identify demographic(人口统计的), environmental, and behavioral risk factors that could influence these anxiety-related characteristics in dogs. Their analysis showed that hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention were more common in young dogs and male dogs. They also found some major differences among breeds.

Interestingly, researchers discovered that the owner's experience with dogs also had an impact. They found that hyperactivity and impulsivity are more common in dogs that aren't their owners'first dogs.“We can only conclude the possible relationship between these fac-tors, but one possible explanation is that people try to choose easy individuals from less active breeds, like companion dog breeds as their first dogs,”says Sulkama.

They also calculated the urban environmental score for each dog. That describes how the land is used around the dog's current home, breaking it down into artificial surfaces, agricul-tural areas, forests, and semi-natural areas.

Although it might seem like most dogs are easily distracted to some extent, studies sug-gest that about 15%of dogs display high levels of hyperactivity and 20%show high levels of inattention. Researchers say they can make it easier to identify and treat dogs'hyperactivity and inattention and may benefit the research. They can also be helpful when choosing to add a dog to the family. You might want to adopt a pet with the characteristics of a breed that mat-ches your lifestyle.

32. What's one of the factors causing dogs'hyperactivity?

A. Their noise sensitivity.                  B. Their owners'character.

C. Their aggressive behavior.                   D. Their exposure to other dogs.

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33. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A. The research content.

B. The research process.

C. The background of the study.

D. The composition of the research team.

34. What can we learn from the text?

A. Active dogs are less likely to suffer from hyperactivity.

B. People are sick of dogs with hyperactivity.

C. Hyperactivity in dogs is transmitted by their owners.

D. People's first pet dog is often less active.

35. What is the purpose of the study?

A. To understand dogs'behavioral problems.

B. To collect a large behavioral data of dogs.

C. To help a company promote pet supplies.

D. To research dogs'mental health.

第二节   (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Your eyes can water for many reasons, including weather, allergies(过敏) or, more seri-ously, an infection.36 They might help explain why it's happening.

Watering due to weather

Changes in seasons typically can cause changes to the eye due to the amount of humidity in the air and allergens. As winter approaches and we increase heat at home, work and in the car, the air loses humidity, which causes the eye to become very dry.37 But the type of tear produced doesn't help lubricate(润滑) the, eye and results in watering of these extra tears.

Pink eye

Pink eye is one of the most frustrating eye conditions. It commonly causes red and very watery eyes.38 It is contagious(接触传染的) and can take multiple weeks to resolve.Unfortunately, since pink eye is usually caused by a virus, no antibiotic eye drop can resolve the condition.

Watering and dry eye

39 Tears are made of three ingredients and, if there's an imbalance in these, the tears won't stay on the eye and will result in watering. Most commonly, it's because the oil layer of the tears is lacking.

Eye scratches

A scratch on the cornea(角膜) is extremely painful and will cause redness, blurred vision and watering. The cornea is one of the most sensitive parts of the body and usually heals quickly with appropriate treatment. If. you think your eye is scratched, it's best to see your

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eye doctor as soon as possible.   40  

A. Otherwise, it can easily become infected.

B. Most pink eye is caused by a virus, like the common cold.

C. So your eyes try to help increase the amount of tears produced.

D. This can cause redness and dryness of the eyelid itself and watering.

E. Even just walking through an area with allergens can cause eyes to water.

F. It seems not logical, but watering is the most bothersome sign of dry eye.

G. If your eyes water suddenly, watch the environmental factors you're being exposed to.

第三部分   语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节   (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I have found that among its other benefits, giving liberates the soul of the giver. This year,I had the opportunity to   41   the community in many ways.I volunteered at several organizations. These experiences further opened my eyes to the needs of my community.

Years ago my family struggled with 42 and Helping Hands Charity was 43enough to help us pay our electric bill.   44   ,I wanted to pay back the program. At first,however,I found little 45 in sorting piles of toys but then the manager told me that    46   would be very happy to receive these toys. This helped me know   47   isn't about me;it is about playing an active role in the community, bringing joy to families who are    48   , and giving hope to the hopeless.

I also had the 49 to help with the Meals on Wheels America, from which my grandfa-ther once   50   . He still remembered how he looked forward to a hot meal daily, and   51   me to help someone in the same way. It was   52   to deliver hot meals to people who didn ’t have the means of getting one. This experience made me realize how   53   Lam and the ben-efit I have got.

At the Science Museum I helped prepare for community services such as the Science Nights. When I was young,I had the opportunity to participate in one of the activities they hosted. Lremember how the volunteers worked hard cooking our breakfast. It was beneficial to be on the   54   end instead of the receiving end. The Science Nights is a good way of making education   55   and exciting for the children.

41. A. build                B. design             C. contact            D. serve

42. A. education            B. weather             C. income            D. water

43. A. wise                B. generous            C. strong            D. outstanding

44. A. Otherwise            B. Instead             C. However            D. Therefore

45. A. value                B. room                C. money             D. time

46. A. elders             B. doctors             C. children            D. teachers

47. A. volunteering        B. teaching            C. singing            D. dancing

48. A. at risk            B. under attack         C. at ease            D. in need

49. A. opportunity         B. memory             C. method            D. ability

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50. A. graduated            B. benefited          C. separated            D. escaped

51. A. frightened           B. forbad            C. encouraged         D. ordered

52. A. interesting         B. rewarding          C. challenging         D. tiring

53. A. clever              B. stupid            C. blessed            D. considerate

54. A. finishing            B. eating            C. giving            D. walking

55. A. professional        B. comfortable          C. realistic            D. fun

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

How do you choose your food? This is a simple question for most people,bút we may get different answers. Food habits 56(influence) by many factors. Climate is an 57( extreme) important factor of geography that affects our eating habits. Climate   58   (affect) local food habits by determining how long a growing season is and how many growing seasons there are per year. Different weather in different regions makes the produce different.In warm regions, most produces are up to three to four crop cycles per year. But in some cold regions, the growing season is short 59 crop cultivation(耕种) is limited to one cycle.   60   ( compare) to food in cold regions, food in temperate regions can be more   61   ( vary).

At the same time, seasons also have 62 effect on our eating habits and culture. Peo-ple will choose different food between summer and winter. For example, Chinese people like to eat hot pot in winter, because hot pot can make them feel warm. However, less of Chinese will like hot pot in summer.

   63   addition, the living position is also a main element   64   impacts on our food habits and culture. People who live around sea would like to eat more seafood than those    65   ( live) in inland cities.

第四部分   写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节   (满分15分)

假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Chris写信询问你本学期的学习计划。请根据以下提示，给他回一封邮件，内容包括：

1.本学期的学习计划；

2.本学期的展望。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Chris,

Yours,

Li Hua

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第二节   (满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

After 60 fruitful years of marriage, Rosanna's husband died of old age. Her husband was the breadwinner of their family through his small business, so Rosanna was backed into a cor-ner after his death.

Rosanna and her husband had two disabled sons in their 40s. While they were middle-aged, their disability did not allow them to make a living for themselves. They had many med-ical bills and needs that had to be met, so Rosanna had to find a job.

She started working at the local grocery store. Rosanna was 82 years old, so this was a challenging thing. As a floor worker at the grocery store, her job often required her to do heavy lifting and stand all day. However, she continued to take each day as it came.

One day, as she was bringing in some new stock from the back room storage, her back started to give her issues. So, overcome by pain, she stopped to take a break and catch her breath.

Rosanna's manager saw her leaning on the shopping cart and did not take too kindly to what he perceived as idleness(闲散), shouting,“Rosanna!Do a good job or leave. No one is keeping you here.”

Kimberly,a young teacher at the local high school and a regular at the grocery store,overheard Rosanna's manager shouting at her and approached her.

“I hope you don't mind me asking. How old are you?”Kimberly asked.

“82 years young,”Rosanna replied.

“My granny’s about the same age. I'm so sorry that you still have to work at such an old age,”she said.“Thank you. I appreciate your concern and sympathy. But don't worry about me. I'll be okay. I have two disabled children to support. They are old, but they can't make a living for themselves, and they have medical bills that need to be paid,”Rosanna said, trying to hold back her tears.“And as long as I still have breath and strength to support them,I'll use it to do exactly that.”

Kimberly decided to help Rosanna financially and grabbed the box to help her to lift the box.“Thank you, dear,”Rosanna said with a warm smile.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

   Months later, Rosanna received an envelope with a letter and a check inside.

Rosanna finally knew who had left the check.

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