2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（1）科技类

这是一份2023届高考英语阅读理解专练（1）科技类，共18页。
（1） 科技类

一、
Imagine driving behind a huge truck shooting clouds of smoke into the air while your new fully electric vehicle cleans up its carbon emissions. This dream may soon be a reality. A team of students in the Netherlands has created an electric car that not only doesn’t produce carbon dioxide when driving, but actually pulls it out of the air.
The two-seater sports car was designed and built in less than a year by a team of 32 students at Eindhoven University of Technology. Called “ZEM”, which stands for “zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives. The team says if ZEM is driven about 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. That’s not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time. However, they also point out that there are over a billion passenger cars in the world that could be using this technology. And if a billion cars were removing carbon dioxide instead of producing it, the result would be huge.
ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the car’s frame and panels (面板) are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEM’s battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the car’s roof—and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isn’t on the road.
According to the statistics, transportation was responsible for over 20% of global carbon dioxide emissions in 2020—and of those emissions, cars were responsible for 41%. The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers (生产商) are expected to adopt these innovations, too.
1.What is special about ZEM?
A. It can end the world’s CO2 release.
B. It can raise the truck’s CO2 emissions.
C. It can reduce the level of CO2 in the air.
D. It can absorb dirty air as well as CO.
2.Why does the team run the calculation of ZEM in paragraph 2?
A. To demonstrate a wonderful vision of ZEM cars.
B. To explain how ZEM removes CO2 as trees do.
C. To illustrate the ongoing change in car making.
D. To show the influence of ZEM on the car market.
3.What do we know about all the components of ZEM?
A. They are of high quality. B. They are easy to process.
C. They are convenient to print. D. They are environmentally friendly.
4.What does the Eindhoven team hope to achieve in the future?
A. Sharp decline in fuel consumption.
B. Mass production of ZEM cars.
C. Big success in beating other car makers.
D. Dramatic changes in transportation.
二、
The next time San Francisco residents stop a taxi, they may step into a car with no one behind the wheel. Driverless taxis are now allowed to come on the city's streets. On June 2, 2022, Cruise, a division of General Motors (GM), was approved to charge for rides in its self-driving cars, becoming the first company allowed to operate commercial driverless cars in a major US city.
Though Cruise is regarding it as a big win, its self-driving cars aren't totally free to run on the streets of San Francisco as they please. Cruise vehicles will be limited to transporting passengers in less crowded areas of the city between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. The speed limit is 30 mph. They are also not allowed to operate in heavy rain or fog. The rules are meant to reduce any injuries or accidents.
Cruise plans to launch the service gradually with a team of just 30 cars. The first robotaxis will be improved versions of GM's Chevrolet Bolt. However, the company is seeking approval to get its custom-built Cruise Origin on public roads. The driverless electric vehicle has no wheels or pedals(踏板) and can attain highway speeds. The car consists mostly of a sitting space, where passengers can face each other.
Cruise's ability to obtain the commercial permit to operate is a big step forward. However, the company still has to convince passengers that its technology is safe. Many remain concerned about safety. A 2021 survey by the American Automobile Association found that 74 percent of Americans are afraid to ride in a self-driving vehicle.
It remains to be seen how the new driverless taxi experiment will play out in San Francisco. But based on the vast number of companies that are racing to develop self-driving vehicles and the tens of thousands of people on waitlists for robotaxi rides, the Cruise pioneering program is at least set for popularity, if not success.
5.What can we learn about the Cruise's driverless ride services?
A. The services have turned out to be a great success.
B. The services receive great support from the public.
C. The services have run in some major cities of the USA.
D. The services are limited to some regions of San Francisco.
6.What does the author describe in detail in paragraph 3?
A. The feature of Cruise Origin. B. The future of self-driving cars.
C.The original plan of the company. D. The new version of Chevrolet Bolt.
7.What is the attitude of most Americans towards the self-driving taxis?
A. Doubtful. B. Opposed. C.Favourable. D.Unconcerned.
8.What can be the best title of the text?
A. Cruise Offers Free Self-driving Ride Services
B. Self-driving Cars Are Coming to San Francisco
C. Self-driving Vehicles Are Popular in Major Cities
D. Companies Begin to Charge for Rides in Self-driving Cars
三、
Among thousands of emperor penguins in Atka Bay, a yellow robot named ECHO swiftly creeps over the Antarctic environment and patiently observes the birds.
Since 2017, ECHO has collected tracking data from microchips taped to the penguins' feathers. "We all know that the world is changing, and that change will have dramatic effects on biodiversity and ecosystems, especially in very remote areas, like Antarctica," says Daniel Zitterbart, a researcher at the Marine Animal Remote Sensing Lab to Popular Science. "To understand if that's true or not, we need to start monitoring those systems very closely now."
Scientists must physically capture and tag(加标签) each bird on their backs to track penguins. Each tag is a Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) system that works in a similar way to the microID chips fixed on pets' backs. But to gather data on the chips, scientists have to get close enough to the devices to scan them, and the weather may be too harsh for humans to go out in the field.
ECHO gets rid of these issues by acting as a mobile observatory that can monitor thousands of penguins each year. The robot can easily roll up to the penguins and scan the tags without introducing a harmful human footprint in an already vulnerable ecosystem or affecting the colony. The robot is equipped with LIDAR, or light detection and ranging, and a 360-degree camera that can detect penguins on vast areas and uses an antenna(天线) to read each penguin's chip.
"As a human, you cannot walk around and try to scan 15,000 or 24,000 penguins each year, and it's impossible," Zitterbart tells Popular Science. "The amount of data we can gather through ECHO is something we would never be able to achieve with any other method in this place."
Researchers say the penguins do not seem to be afraid of ECHO and don't mind it when it comes near. By tracking the colonies' behaviors over time, researchers can observe how penguins adapt and follow where they go to forage(觅食).In turn, these data points can also determine the true size of marine protected areas.
9.What does Daniel Zitterbart stress in paragraph 2?
A. The working principle of ECHO. B.The biodiversity in the Antarctic.
C. The possible effects of climate change. D.The necessity of ECHO in his research.
10.What's one advantage of using ECHO?
A. It leaves behind no harmful traces. B. It tags the penguins automatically.
C. It analyzes collected data on its own. D. It's able to scan the tags in the distance.
11.How do the emperor penguins react to ECH0?
A.They care little about it. B. They are frightened by it.
C.They show much interest in it. D. They choose to stay away from it.
12.What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Robots assist researchers in the Antarctic.
B.Robot lives among penguins in the Antarctic.
C. Antarctica could lose most of its penguins.
D. Antarctic penguins adapt to climate change.
四、
Swot satellite is scheduled to be launched Thursday morning to conduct a comprehensive survey of Earth's vital resource. By using advanced microwave radar technology, it will collect height-surface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in high-definition detail over 90% of the globe. It's really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet's surface.
The major mission is to explore how oceans absorb atmospheric heat and CO2 in a natural process that adjusts climate change. Oceans are estimated to have absorbed more than 90% of the extra heat trapped in the Earth's atmosphere by human—caused greenhouse gases. Swot will scan(查看) the seas and precisely measure fine differences in surface elevations(高度) around smaller currents and eddies(漩涡), where much of the oceans' decrease of heat and carbon is believed to occur. "Studying the mechanism will help climate scientists answer a key question: What is the turning point at which oceans start releasing, rather than absorbing, huge amounts of heat back into the atmosphere and speed up global warming, rather than limiting it," said Nadya Shiffer, Swot's program scientist.
By comparison, earlier studies of water bodies relied on data of rivers or oceans taken at specific points, or from satellites that can only track measurements along a one—dimensional line, requiring scientists to fill in data gaps through extrapolation(外推法). Thanks to the radar instrument, Swot can scan through cloud cover and darkness over wide ranges of the Earth. This enables scientists to accurately map their observations in two dimensions regardless of weather or time of day and to cover large geographic areas far more quickly than was previously possible.
"Rather than giving us a line of elevations, it's giving us a map of elevations, and that's just a total game changer," said Tamlin Pavelsky, Swot freshwater science leader.
13.What do the underlined words "vital resource" in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Technology. B. Climate. C. Oceans. D. Water.
14.What is the major mission of Swot satellite?
A. To explore where oceans absorb heat and CO2.
B. To explain why greenhouse gas comes into being.
C. To identify when global warming is worsened.
D. To study how oceans influence climate change.
15.What makes it possible for Swot to measure precisely?
A. The high-definition computer. B. Advanced radar technology.
C. The three-dimensional image. D. An accurate map of elevations.
16.Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. First Global. Water Survey from Space B. Successful Launch of Swot Satellite
C. A Breakthrough in Space Travel D. A Solution to Climate Change
五、
The Legacy Senior Communities is proud to announce the latest innovation in senior living care is coming to its Dallas and Plano campuses, the TrueLoo® smart toilet by Toi Labs. “We're consistently exploring new technologies to ensure that we are providing excellent care in the most effective and efficient ways,” says Legacy Senior Communities CEO Melissa Orth.
“The TrueLoo® smart toilet provides early detection of oncoming health complications before they become serious, and all in a dignnified and valuable manner. This improves our care response and can potentially avoid a potential health complication altogether,” says Orth. “The innovative toilet automates data collection and enables clinical team members to keep track of the residents around the clock without uncomfortable conversations with them about their toileting habits. Investing in TrueLoo® technology enables a higher standard of care with dignity,” says Vik Kashyap, Toi Labs' founder and CEO.
In assisted living and memory support residences, where toileting activity is harder to collect, the TrueLoo® smart toilet provides effortless collection, enhancing current services as well as residents' experience. The Legacy Senior Communities begins testing the units in early March. The pilot program will launch in Memory Support at the Kalman and Ida Wolens Foundation Healthcare Center at the Willow Bend community and at the Midtown Park community's Andrea &Richard Skibell and Leslie Rudd Healthcare Center. The communities will continue manual monitoring to establish a control group during this trial period. The resulting data will enable The Legacy to benchmark the ability of the smart toilet.
“We decided to trial the smart toilet in two different service areas,” said Director of Strategic Development Bridgette Walshe. “We want to ensure that this technology is non-invasive(非侵入性的) while providing accurate and relevant data.” Walshe believes that artificial intelligence is one potential means to cost-effectively improve senior care services, freeing up valuable time for clinical team members to provide more person-centric care.
17.How can the TrueLoo® smart toilet benefit seniors?
A. By improving their toileting habits.
B. By identifying their potential health issues.
C. By calling clinical team members for them at any time.
D. By informing care workers of their desire to use a toilet.
18.What can best conclude Kashyap's words about his company's product?
A. It is quality-centered. B. It is safety-guaranteed.
C. It is privacy-ensured. D. It is comfort-focused.
19.What does the underlined word “benchmark” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A. Measure. B. Recognize. C. Demonstrate. D. Improve.
20.What is Walshe's attitude to the toilet?
A. Hopeful. B. Critical. C. Tolerant. D. Contradictory.
六、
Brain implants can translate internal speech into external signals, permitting communication from people with paralysis(瘫痪) or other diseases that steal their ability to talk or type. New results from two studies, presented November 13 at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, "provide additional evidence of the extraordinary potential" that brain implants have for restoring lost communication, says neuroscientist Leigh Hochberg.
Some people who need help communicating can currently use devices that require small movements, such as eye gaze changes. Those tasks aren't possible for everyone. So the new study targeted internal speech, which requires a person to do nothing more than think.
"Implanted in the brain, our device predicts internal speech directly, allowing the patient to just focus on saying a word inside their head," says Sarah Wandelt, a neuroscientist at Caltech. Internal speech "could be much simpler than requiring the patient to spell out words or mouth them." Neural signals associated with words are detected by electrodes(电极) implanted in the brain. The signals can then be translated into text, which can be made audible by computer programs that generate speech.
In the study, Wandelt and fellow workers could accurately predict which of eight words a person who was paralyzed below the neck was thinking. Electrodes picked up nerve cell signals in his posterior parietal cortex, a brain area involved in speech and hand movements. That approach is "really exciting, and enhances the power of bringing together fundamental neuroscience, neuroengineering and machine learning approaches for the restoration of communication and mobility," says Hochberg.
To be useful, the current techniques will need to get faster and more accurate. It's also unclear whether the technology will work for other people, perhaps with more profound speech disorders. "These are still early days for the technologies," Hochberg says.
21.What can be learned about the study in the text?
A. It transforms small movements into text.
B. It encourages the patient to mouth words.
C. It helps the disabled to recover their speech.
D. It focuses on translating thoughts into speech.
22.Which can replace the underlined word "audible" in paragraph 3?
A. Touchable. B. Visible. C.Hearable. D. Countable.
23.Which is the right order of the working processing of the new technology?
①Translate into text.
②Pick up nerve cell signals.
③Speak words inside the head.
④Implant electrodes in the brain.
⑤Generate speech via computer programs.
A.④②①③⑤ B.④③②①⑤ C.②④①⑤③ D.②③①⑤④
24.Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. A New Way to Cure Paralysis
B. A Breakthrough in Neuroscience
C. Read Words Directly from People's Thoughts
D. Brain Implants Benefit Profound Speech Disorder
七、
    Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which of their students have learning difficulties, according to a new study.
    Teachers make more accurate assessments of learning difficulties among their students if they are given Al-generated feedback(反馈) rather than an "expert solution" written by a qualified professional. Researchers believe that because the AI analyzed the teacher's own work, it's easier for the teacher to understand than a "model answer" prepared beforehand.
    "Teachers play a critical role in recognizing the signs of disorders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them to specialists," said Riikka Hofmann. "Unfortunately, many of them feel that they have not had sufficient opportunity to practice these skills. AI could provide an extra level of individualized feedback to help them develop these essential competences."
    Trainee teachers were asked to assess fictionalized students for potential learning difficulties, based on evidence including examples of their work, school behavior records and written texts of conversations with parents. Half of the trainees received the "expert solution", typical of the material given to trainee teachers, while the other half received AI-generated feedback on their approach, highlighting where they could improve. The trainees then completed similar follow-up assessments, and were graded both on the accuracy of their diagnoses(诊断) and on how well they had used the evidence. Trainees who received the AI feedback scored significantly higher than those who worked with the pre-written expert solutions.
    While the researchers said this does not mean AI is preferable to one-to-one feedback from a skilled expert, this is not always available for trainee teachers. "We are not arguing that AI should replace teacher-educators: new teachers still need expert guidance on how to recognize learning difficulties in the first place," said Dr Michael Sailer. "It does seem, however, that Al-generated feedback helped these trainees to focus on what they really needed to learn. When personal feedback is not readily available, it could be an effective substitute(代替物)."
25.What does the underlined word "them" refer to?
A. Pupils. B. Teachers. C. Specialists. D. Researchers.
26.What did AI help trainee teachers know in the study?
A. How well they had used the evidence.
B. Whether the expert solution was accurate.
C. Where their approach needs improvement.
D. What follow-up assessments they completed.
27.What does Dr Michael think of AI?
A. It will take the place of skilled experts.
B. It acts as an expert guide to trainee teachers.
C. It is only suitable for new teachers to use.
D. It can be a useful teaching training aid.
28.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. AI locates learning difficulties for the students
B. AI becomes an effective teaching tool in school
C. AI helps teachers spot students with learning difficulties
D. AI trains teachers in judging the learning of the students
八、
The loss of a pet can be extremely tough to handle. If only our furry friends could live as we do, that would be nice. While science can't get quite that far yet, there is a way to get an exact copy of the pet you love so much.
A family in Arizona is one of the latest in the country to get another chance to be with their beloved dog, Sally. They love her so much that they decided to clone her. "She is really the perfect dog," said Sally's owner. "We thought if we're ever going to clone a dog, it would be Sally." The family turned to ViaGen Pets, who calls themselves "America's pet cloning experts", for help.
Melain Rodriguez, a client service manager at ViaGen Pets, said once the cells of the pet were frozen, clients could take their time and decide when they were ready to go ahead. "They can clone 5, 10 or 20 years from now if they want," said Rodriguez. "We have actually cloned a few pets whose cells were stored 17 years ago."
The company firstly started cloning livestock(牲畜) for agriculture, then got expertise in cloning horses. Today, horses and dogs remain the most popular animals that the company clones. The only other animals they clone right now are cats. Prices range from US$85,000 for a horse, to US$50,000 for a dog and US$35,000 for a cat.
Rodriguez herself was the proud owner of a cloned cat. She also had her dog Zeus's cells frozen, but was not ready to clone him yet. Like many others, Rodriguez hoped to go ahead once prices went down.
Company officials say many are choosing to simply preserve cell samples of their pets right now and deciding whether or not to clone them in the future, when prices could fall. The process (preserving samples) costs about US$1,600.
29.What animals have been cloned by ViaGen Pets?
①Cats. ②Horses. ③Rabbits. ④Dogs. ⑤Sheep.
A.①②④ B.②③⑤ C.③④⑤ D.②③④
30.What does the text tell us about ViaGen Pets?
A.Cats are the most popular animals that it clones.
B. At first it began cloning animals for agriculture.
C. It will clone Rodriguez's dog in a short time.
D.It is supposed to clone Sally in 5 years.
31.What did Rodriguez and many other pet owners wish ViaGen Pets to do?
A. Employ more experts for cloning. B.Open branches across the country.
C.Clone more kinds of wild animals. D. Lower the price of cloning.
32.Where can you most probably find the text?
A. In a science book. B. In a travel brochure.
C. In a fashion magazine. D. In a newspaper on health issues.

答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Called “ZEM”, which stands for “zero emission mobility”, the car is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives.(这种汽车被称为“ZEM”,意思是“零排放机动性”,它配备了特殊装置,在行驶过程中可以去除空气中的二氧化碳。)可知,ZEM的特殊之处在于它能降低空气中的二氧化碳含量。故选C。
2.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二中“The team says if ZEM is driven about 32,000 kilometers, it can remove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air. That's not a huge amount. The team calculates that 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical tree does during that time.(研究小组说,如果ZEM行驶约32000公里,它可以从空气中清除2公斤的二氧化碳。这不是很多。研究小组计算出,10辆ZEM汽车在公路上一年清除的二氧化碳排放量相当于一棵普通树一年吸收二氧化碳的量。)”可推知,研究团队在第二段计算ZEM吸收二氧化碳的量是为了表明对ZEM汽车的美好憧憬,故选A。
3.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make it more capable of being sustained: the car's frame and panels(面板) are 3D printed to reduce waste; it was built using recycled and recyclable materials; and it can be easily taken apart so that many of its parts can be reused. ZEM's battery is also reusable, and has another handy feature: it can be charged with solar panels on the car's roof—and can even be used to provide power to your house when the car isn't on the road.(ZEM还有其他一些创新,有助于使其更具可持续性:汽车的车架和面板是3D打印的,以减少浪费;它使用可循环回收利用的材料制造;它可以很容易地拆卸,其中许多部件可以重复使用。ZEM的电池也是可重复使用的,而且还有一个方便的特点:它可以用车顶上的太阳能电池板充电,甚至可以在汽车不在路上的时候为你的房子提供电力。)”可知,ZEM的所有零部件都是环保的,故选D。
4.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Eindhoven team says its goal is to challenge the electric car industry: If 32 students can build a car like this in less than a year, then surely car manufacturers(生产商)are expected to adopt these innovations, too.(Eindhoven的研究小组表示,他们的目标是挑战电动汽车行业:如果32名学生能在不到一年的时间里制造出这样一辆汽车,那么汽车制造商肯定也会采用这些创新。)”可知,Eindhoven团队的目标是挑战电动汽车行业,由此可推知,Eindhoven希望在未来实现ZEM汽车的大量生产,故选B。
二、
5.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Cruise, a division of General Motors (GM), was approved to charge for rides in its self-driving cars, becoming the first company allowed to operate commercial driverless cars in a major US city和第二段Cruise vehicles will be limited to transporting passengers in less crowded areas of the city between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m.可知, Cruise公司的车辆将仅限于晚上10点至早上6点之间在城市较不拥挤的地区运送乘客。故选D。
6.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段However, the company is seeking approval to get its custom-built Cruise Origin on public roads. The driverless electric vehicle has no wheels or pedals(踏板) and can attain highway speeds. The car consists mostly of a sitting space, where passengers can face each other.然而, 该公司正在寻求批准在公共道路上获得其定制的Cruise Origin; 自动驾驶电动汽车没有方向盘或踏板, 可以达到高速公路的速度; 该车宽敞的内部配备了面对面的座椅。由 此推断, 该段详细介绍了Cruise Origin车辆的特点。故选A。
7.答案：A
解析：观点态度题。根据第四段Many remain concerned about safety. A 2021 survey by the American Automobile Association found that 74 percent of Americans are afraid to ride in a self-driving vehicle.可知, 很多人担心安全问题。美国汽车协会2021年的一项调查发现, 74%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。由此推断, 多数美国人对自动驾驶出租车持怀疑态度。故选A。
8.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。文章首段主要介绍Cruise获准在美国旧金山部分地区运营商用无人驾驶汽车;下文介绍运营服务的一些限制、规模特点、乘客态度及发展。由此推断,“自动驾驶汽车即将来到旧金山”符合文章中心标题。故选B。
三、
9.答案：D
解析：根据第二段内容可知,Zitterbart主要强调了在其团队所进行的研究中,使用机器人ECHO在南极遥远地区监测气候变化对生态造成的影响的必要性。
10.答案：A
解析：根据第四段中的“scan the tags without introducing a harmful human footprint in an already vulnerable ecosystem or affecting the colony”可知,机器人ECHO的一个优势就是它不会在南极的研究区域留下人类的活动痕迹,不会对那里脆弱的生态造成危害。
11.答案：A
解析：根据最后一段中的“the penguins do not seem to be afraid of ECHO and don't mind it when it comes near”可知,那些南极帝企鹅对机器人ECHO的到来既不恐惧,也不在意。
12.答案：B
解析：本文主要讲述研究人员利用机器人,和企鹅们和谐共处悄悄搜集南极帝企鹅的活动数据。
四、
13.答案：D
解析：题干:第一段中划线的词组“vital resource(重要的资源)”指的是什么?A技术。B.气候。C海洋。D水。根据划线短语下文"By using advanced microwave radar technology it will collect height-surface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in high-definition detail over 90% of the globe. It's really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet's surface.(通过使用先进的微波雷达技术,它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。)”和划线短语所在句子"Swot satellite is scheduled to be launched Thursday morning to conduct a comprehensive survey of Earth's vital resource.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射,对地球的vital resource进行全面调查。)"可知,Swot卫星通过使用先进的微波雷达技术,收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。然后对这些水资源进行调查,由此可推知,画线短语"vital resource"指的是下文提到的"water(水)"。故选D。
14.答案：D
解析：题干:Swot卫星的主要任务是什么?A.探究温室气体的影响。B.解释全球变暖的后果。C.确定水吸收热量和二氧化碳的原因。D.研究海洋影响气候的机制。根据第二段中第一句“The major mission is to explore how oceans adjust climate change by absorbing atmospheric heat and carbon dioxide in a natural process.(其主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化。)”可知,Swot卫星的主要任务研究海洋如何影响气候变化,即海洋影响气候的机制。故选D。
15.答案：B
解析：题干:是什么使Swot能够精确测量?A.高清电脑。B.先进的雷达技术。C.三维图像。D.精确的高程地图。根据倒数第二段中倒数第一二句"Thanks to the radar instrument, Swot can scan through cloud cover and darkness over wide ranges of the Earth. This enables scientists to accurately map their observations in two dimensions regardless of weather or time of day and to cover large geographic areas far more quickly than was previously possible.(多亏了雷达仪器,Swot可以在地球的大范围内扫描云层和黑暗。这使得科学家能够精确地绘制二维地图,无论天气如何,无论何时,覆盖大面积地理区域的速度比以前快得多。)"可知,先进的雷达技术使得Swot能够精确测量。故选B。
16.答案：A
解析：略
五、
17.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段首句“The TrueLoo® smart toilet provides early detection of oncoming health complications before they become serious, and all in a dignnified and valuable manner.(TrueLoo?智能马桶能够在健康并发症变得严重之前,以一种有尊严和有价值的方式对其进行早期检测)”可知,TrueLoo?智能马桶通过识别老年人潜在的健康问题而使他们获益。故选B。
18.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中Kashyap说的话“The innovative toilet automates data collection and enables clinical team members to keep track of the residents around the clock without uncomfortable conversations with them about their toileting habits. Investing in TrueLoo® technology enables a higher standard of care with dignity(这种创新厕所可以自动收集数据,使临床团队成员能够全天候跟踪患者的情况,而不必就他们的如厕习惯与他们进行令人不适的对话。投资TrueLoo?技术可以实现更高标准的有尊严的护理)”可知,TrueLoo?智能马桶可以自动收集数据,所以患者不必报告自己的如厕情况,所以它可以确保患者隐私。故选C。
19.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句“The communities will continue manual monitoring to establish a control group during this trial period.(在试验期间,社区将继续进行人工监测,以建立一个对照组)”可知,社区将继续进行人工监测得出数据,以建立一个对照组,对照结果能够衡量智能马桶的性能,所以画线词所在句意为“由此产生的数据让The Legacy老年社区能够衡量智能马桶的能力”,benchmark意为“测量,衡量”。故选A。
20.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Walshe believes that artificial intelligence is one potential means to cost-effectively improve senior care services, freeing up valuable time for clinical team members to provide more person-centric care.(Walshe认为,人工智能是一种潜在的手段,可以有效地改善老年护理服务,为临床团队成员腾出宝贵的时间,提供更多以人为本的护理)”可知,Walshe对这种智能马桶的未来充满希望。故填A。
六、
21.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第二段So the new study targeted internal speech, which requires a person to do nothing more than think.可知,通过此项新技术,人们只需要通过大脑的思考就可实现交流,故选D。
22.答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。由第三段最后一句话中that generate speech 可知,画线词意思为“听得见”,故选C。
23.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。第三段描述这项新技术的运作过程,即先将电极植入病人脑中,病人在脑中想象想要表达的词,电极获取神经细胞发出的信号,再将此信号转化为文本,最后由电脑程序翻译为有声语言实现交流目的,故选B。
24.答案：C
解析：文章标题题。由全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了一项新的技术,即通过大脑植入装置直接读取思想,故选C。
七、
25.答案：B
解析：代词指代题。根据第三段前文Teachers play a critical role in recognizing the signs of disorders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them to specialists(教师在识别学生的障碍和学习困难迹象并将其转介给专家方面发挥着关键作用)可知,them指的是这里的老师。故选B项。
26.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段Half of the trainees received the "expert solution", typical of the material given to trainee teachers, while the other half received AI-generated feedback on their approach, highlighting where they could improve.(一半的受训者收到了“专家解决方案”,这是发给实习教师的典型材料,而另一半则收到了人工智能生成的关于他们方法的反馈,强调了他们可以改进的地方)可知,人工智能在研究中帮助实习教师了解他们的方法需要改进的地方。故选C项。
27.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"We are not arguing that AI should replace teacher-educators: new teachers still need expert guidance on how to recognize learning difficulties in the first place," said Dr Michael Sailer. "It does seem, however, that Al-generated feedback helped these trainees to focus on what they really needed to learn. When personal feedback is not readily available, it could be an effective substitute(代替物)."(Michael Sailer博士说:"我们并不是说人工智能应该取代教师教育者:新教师在如何首先认识到学习困难方面仍然需要专家指导。" "然而,人工智能生成的反馈似乎确实帮助这些受训者专注于他们真正需要学习的东西。当个人反馈不易获得时,它可能是一种有效的替代品。")可知,人工智能对于老师来说是一个有用的教学培训辅助。故选D项。
28.答案：C
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which of their students have learning difficulties, according to a new study.(根据一项新的研究,人工智能可以帮助教师识别哪些学生有学习困难)以及全文大意,文章主要讲人工智能可以让老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解,C. AI helps teachers spot students with learning difficulties"人工智能帮助教师发现有学习困难的学生"符合文意。故选C项。
八、
29.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的"The company firstly started cloning livestock(牲畜) for agriculture, then got expertise in cloning horses, Today, horses and dogs remain the most popular animals that the company clones. The only other animals they clone right now are cats"可知答案。
30.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“The company firstly started cloning livestock(牲畜) for agriculture”可知答案。
31.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段和最后一段中的“Company officials say many are choosing to simply preserve cell samples of their pets right now and deciding whether or not to clone in the future, when prices could fall”可知答案。
32.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据全文,如第一段中的“The loss of a pet can be extremely tough to handle. If only our furry friends could live as we do, that would be nice. While science can't get quite that far yet, there is away to get an exact copy of the pet you love so much”可知答案。