2022-2023学年福建省福州著名学院附中高二（下）期中英语试卷及答案解析

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省福州著名学院附中高二（下）期中英语试卷及答案解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了选词填空-句子，阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，完成句子，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年福建省福州著名学院附中高二（下）期中英语试卷

一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共6.0分）
1.

owe to，face down，regardless of，help sb.to one's feet，
highlight，delay，take one's breath away，anticipate

(1) He ______ telling her the news，waiting for the right moment.
(2) She is determined to live a fulfilling life ______ what the future holds.
(3) We all remember the ______ of the trip visiting the Huangguoshu Waterfall.
(4) On the way to school，Tom saw an old man fall over and immediately ______ .
(5) We have seen hundreds of the elk and goats that attract visitors.And today the rare spotting of a grizzly bear ______ .
(6) The fashion designer has ______ her achievements ______ the goal she set，the education she received from the college，and above all the efforts she made.

二、阅读理解（本大题共11小题，共22.0分）
A
Youth Job Connection
Through Youth Job Connection，you get：
• at least 60 hours' paid training to prepare you for the workplace
• a job for up to 6 months
• experienced adviser，job-coaching and help with the transition（转变） from school to work，or to ongoing employment once the program ends
Eligibility（资格）
For these year-round opportunities，you must be：
• between 15 and 29 years old
• unemployed
• not attending full-time school or training
• a citizen of Ontario
If you are under 18，you must already be legally excused from school.This means that you have either graduated or are participating in a supervised（监管的） alternative learning program accepted by your school board.
Consider Youth Job Connection if you are：
• a recent immigrant（移民）
• a young person living with a disability
• a young person with limited work experience，or a low level of education
How to apply for Youth Job Connection
To start your application for Youth Job Connection，request an appointment with an Employment Ontario service provider.
Contact Employment Ontario
For more information，or to apply for Youth Job Connection，you can contact Employment Ontario by：
• phone：416-326-5656
• Tel：1-800-387-5656
• TTY：1-866-533-6339
• Email：nrisc@ontario.ca
Chat with us live，Monday to Friday，8：30am to 5pm
2. What can you get through Youth Job Connection？ ______
A. Part-time employment. B. Free public transport.
C. Occupational training. D. Summer jobs for up to 6 weeks.
3. What is a requirement for this opportunity？ ______
A. Being unemployed.
B. Rich work experience.
C. Being a full-time student.
D. An excellent education background.
4. What can be learned about Youth Job Connection？ ______
A. It involves tests before employment.
B. It provides money for running new businesses.
C. It provides job opportunities around the world.
D. It requires one to make an appointment in advance.
B
    The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.
    Once I got to sixth grade and switched to private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, accelerating my competitive fever. However, in girls' sports games at my school, I was no star. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. School sports did not bleed into the weekends, as they do today, but at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During break time, magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym.
    So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I'm concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
5. What does the underlined word "humiliation" mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Responsibility. B. Disappointment.
C. Shame. D. Desire.
6. What did the author owe her victory in the Softball Throw event to?
A. Her advanced sports outfits.
B. Her confidence in her sports ability.
C. The sports talent inherited from her father.
D. The guidance and training offered by her father.
7. What happened after the author stepped into adulthood?
A. She generally exercised on weekends.
B. She joined Royal Canadian Air Force.
C. She preferred reading to exercising.
D. She maintained her love for sports.
8. What is the author's purpose in writing the article?
A. To describe how her father built her interest in sports.
B. To recall her childhood memories about sports.
C. To express her passion for sports and fitness.
D. To emphasize the benefits of physical exercise.
C
The Moon is attracting much attention these days as NASA is ready for its Artemis I launch and preparing for more to follow.The mission objectives are clear：develop a lasting presence on its surface and pave the way to go to Mars.
And then what？What's the next great leap in humans' search for the secrets of the universe？When it comes to the near future scientific exploration，there are a few areas of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.
First off there's Venus，a planet which was a relative paradise（天堂），with oceans and a pleasant atmosphere.Something went terribly wrong there a few billion years ago，and NASA has scheduled a series of missions to explore what exactly is going on there.
At the other end are the gas giants.Several of the satellites of Jupiter and Saturn are covered in thick sheets of ice，and underneath that ice sit oceans of liquid water.NASA has missions planned to investigate those mysterious worlds，hunting for any signs of possible life hidden deep within.
As for us humans，Mars is certainly the grand prize in the coming decades.If we have the adequate drive and funds，we can establish a semi-permanent presence on the red planet，keeping crews working and studying in person on the Martian surface.The other planets of our solar system are not so suitable for people to settle on：Mercury is too close to the Sun for comfort and too far away from the Earth.
Over the coming decades humans expect to see a rise of"space hotels"，set up for visiting tourists and scientific explorations.Naturally，turning the space rock into a habitat for humans is not very practical considering our current level of technological maturity，but in my best estimation，it's the next easiest thing to accomplish，after the Moon and Mars，of course.
9. What is the purpose of the mission？ ______
A. Attracting much attention.
B. Launching Artemis I.
C. Preparing for a lot to go on.
D. Creating a continuous possibility to Mars.
10. Which is the least likely to be explored in the next decades according to the passage？ ______
A. Mars. B. Mercury. C. Venus. D. Gas giants.
11. What's the author's attitude towards the"space hotels"？ ______
A. Ambiguous. B. Critical. C. Hopeful. D. Indifferent.
12. What's the passage mainly about？ ______
A. The launch of Artemis I.
B. The secrets of the solar system.
C. The missions of NASA.
D. The areas of the future universe exploration.

三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
You're growing up.That means you're probably experiencing lots of changes，all at once.Your body is changing.It might even seem as if your entire self is changing.It can be confusing and even scary.（1） ______ .And it's good!
Growing up means that you can do more，learn more，and start to make your mark on the world.In order for that to happen，your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow.Hormone levels change constantly，rising and falling.（2） ______ .But it's partly to blame for intense emotions，surprising reactions，and mood swings.
Because of the way your brain develops，it is somewhat ruled by emotions now and through your teen years.As a result，growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster!（3） ______ .
◆Take care of yourself.If you eat right，sleep enough，and get good exercise，your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.
◆（4） ______ .When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset，or confused，some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.
◆Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed.（5） ______ .Plus，when stuff happens during the day，you'll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react.Your body is changing.

A.Take a time out.
B.But the truth is，it happens to every teen.
C.Work out regularly to keep physically fit.
D.This changing is needed for your body's development.
E.It will help you fall asleep-and start the morning right.
F.Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.
G.Usually，these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.
13.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
14.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
15.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
It's a rare thing now to get into a new neighborhood and find yourself welcomed by the local.Yet，Katie and Patrick Smith were accepted with truly（1） ______ when they relocated to Newton.
Katie got pregnant before the（2） ______ and within months of settling in，she gave birth to Rebecca.（3） ______ ，tests discovered Rebecca was born deaf.The Smiths knew raising Rebecca was going to take some serious work and（4） ______ .
The neighborhood was still（5） ______ to welcome Rebecca with them，but they realized what a（n）（6） ______ the situation was for her parents.They wanted to make things （7） ______ for the family.Learning sign language to help Rebecca learn to（8） ______ with others as she grew was a great idea.The neighborhood agreed to（9） ______ the task of mastering an entirely second language for the benefit of their youngest member，although it was indeed（10） ______ .When 3-month-old Rebecca learned at a center for the deaf，the 18 residents（11） ______ an instructor，who would help get all of them to be participants in Rebecca's growth.Neighbors kept things （12） ______ for as long as possible to give the Smiths surprise.They wanted （13） ______ to interact with Rebecca.Finally，the time came to show the Smiths what they'd accomplished.As soon as the family arrived，they found the welcoming（14） ______ of their neighbors surrounded them.
Now at every turn，in the street or the grocery store，Rebecca feels（15） ______ every time a neighbor greeted her in a special language —she's part of this community.
18.  A. open arms B. firm mouths C. watery eyes D. loose tongues
19.  A. test B. move C. visit D. gathering
20.  A. Obviously B. Eventually C. Consequently D. Unfortunately
21.  A. devotion B. donations C. assessment D. connection
22.  A. worried B. excited C. surprised D. disappointed
23.  A. tension B. urgency C. struggle D. accident
24.  A. easier B. quieter C. more helpful D. more effective
25.  A. follow B. survive C. compete D. communicate
26.  A. take on B. pass on C. hand out D. find out
27.  A. pleasant B. necessary C. challenging D. meaningful
28.  A. recommended B. interviewed C. trusted D. hired
29.  A. brief B. smooth C. secret D. consistent
30.  A. gradually B. naturally C. hurriedly D. eagerly
31.  A. smiles B. signs C. applause D. atmosphere
32.  A. recognized B. understood C. included D. needed
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
33. The skin is an essential part of your body，（1） ______ acts as a barrier against disease，toxins，and the sun's rays.Its getting burned can lead （2） ______ very serious injuries.Giving first aid is the first and most important step in the treatment of burns.Burns can （3） ______ （ cause） by a variety of things like hot liquids，acids，or other chemicals.They are divided into three types，depending on the （4） ______ （ deep）of skin damage.First- degree burns affect only the top few （5） ______ （ millimetre） of skin.Second-degree burns go below the top layer of the skin.Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin，（6） ______ sometimes the tissue under it.If you get （7） ______ （ burn），first place burns under cool running water.Then dry the burnt area （8） ______ （ gentle） with a clean cloth.Remove any clothes （9） ______ （use） scissors if necessary.Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.If the victim is suffering from second or third- degree burns，there is an urgent need （10） ______ （ take） him/ her to the hospital at once.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、完成句子（本大题共6小题，共12.0分）
34. 然而，越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而是糖。
However，there is increasing evidence that ______ is not so much fatty food， ______ sugar.
35. 站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。
______ the distance，they ______ see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls，which is on the south side of the lake.
36. 来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。
______ China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that ______ to suit American tastes.
37. 我有什么理由坐在那儿什么都不做呢？我们都属于人类大家庭，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。
How could I justify ______ ？We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to ______ .
38. 为了解决这个问题，美国医生亨利.海姆于1974年发明了"海姆利希急救法"，挽救了世界上成千上万个生命。
______ ，in 1974，an American doctor，Henry Heimlich，created the Heimlich manoeuvre， ______ around the world.
39. 李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多之后，仅有几个小时的时间可以消磨，然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔，于是两人就在市区逛了逛。
After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto，the largest and wealthiest city in Canada，they only ______ before they had to ______ the next leg of their trip to Montreal，so they went on a tour of the city.
七、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
40. 学校英语报就学生的饮食健康问题向大家征稿，请你给学校的英语报写一篇稿件，内容包括：
（1）不良饮食习惯；
（2）健康饮食建议；
注意：词数100左右。
41. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mary Ellison used to be a bit of an action woman，who would try her hand at anything，from self-driving tours to boating.But cycling was her real passion.As a member of a cycling club she went cycling with her husband Denis several times a week，covering at least 150 miles.
They'd been to France to cycle and watch the Tour de France，and they'd bad such a good time.Since she'd retired from the police，they'd wanted to do more cycling holidays.But those plans changed on 28 October last year.
Mary's husband and she had driven from their home in St Helens to Chester to meet up with their friends from the cycling club.It was a lovely dry morning and they were looking forward to a full day on the bikes.They parked their car，checked their bikes and set off.But they had only travelled a few yards when a seven-and-a-half-ton truck came up behind them.The truck was gathering speed in an attempt to pass them.Unfortunately，Denis was hit first as he was behind Mary.Then he crashed into her and the truck hit Mary too.
Denis was thrown onto the grass at the roadside，suffering a broken pelvis（骨盆） and inner injuries.Mary was thrown 10 feet into the air and landed straight on her legs.She remembered landing and shouting，"Help me!Help me!"，and then nothing.
Mary suffered a ruined pelvis，four broken vertobrae（椎骨），a broken knee and a large cut on the back of her head.She was rushed to the Countess of Chester Hospital where she was losing such a massive amount of blood that Manchester Blood Unit had to be contacted to keep supplies going.
Her son Philip was teaching in Liverpool when he got the call to come to the hospital urgently.Early on，he was told not to expect his mother to live.During Mary's operation，half of the team didn't think they could do any more for her and wanted to stop.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph1：
But one off-duty surgeon（外科医生），Mr Dimitri，happened to hear about the serious accident.
Paragraph 2：
Before leaving the hospital her son told her it was the surgeon who saved her life.
答案和解析

1.【答案】【小题1】delayed
【小题2】regardless of
【小题3】highlight
【小题4】helped him to his feet
【小题5】takes our breath away
【小题6】owed
【解析】（1）考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了等待合适的时机，他拖延着不告诉她这个消息。根据句意可知表示"拖延"，用动词delay，说明过去的动作，用一般过去时，故填delayed。
（2）考查介词短语。句意：无论未来如何，她都决心过上充实的生活。根据句意可知表示"无论"，用介词短语regardless of，故填regardless of。
（3）考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都记得这次黄果树瀑布之旅的亮点。根据句意可知表示"亮点"，用名词highlight，这里特指这次旅行的精彩部分，所以用单数，故填highlight。
（4）考查动词短语。句意：在去学校的路上，汤姆看到一个老人摔倒了，立刻扶他站起来。根据句意可知表示"站起来"，用动词短语help sb.to one's feet，和an old man一致，用help him to his feet，前后时态一致，用一般过去时，故填helped him to his feet。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：我们已经看到了数百只吸引游客的麋鹿和山羊。今天，罕见的灰熊的出现让我们大吃一惊。根据句意可知表示"大吃一惊"，用动词短语take one's breath away，和today一致，用一般现在时；和主语the rare spotting of a grizzly bear一致，谓语动词用第三人称单数takes one's breath away；和We呼应，用takes our breath away，故填takes our breath away。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：这位时装设计师把自己的成就归功于她设定的目标，她从大学接受的教育，最重要的是她所做的努力。根据句意可知表示"把......归功于"，用动词短语owe...to，has后用过去分词构成现在完成时，故填owed...to。
（1）为了等待合适的时机，他拖延着不告诉她这个消息。
（2）无论未来如何，她都决心过上充实的生活。
（3）我们都记得这次黄果树瀑布之旅的亮点。
（4）在去学校的路上，汤姆看到一个老人摔倒了，立刻扶他站起来。
（5）我们已经看到了数百只吸引游客的麋鹿和山羊。今天，罕见的灰熊的出现让我们大吃一惊。
（6）这位时装设计师把自己的成就归功于她设定的目标，她从大学接受的教育，最重要的是她所做的努力。
选择合适的单词或者短语主要的依据是句子的含义，我们往往会根据空格前后的句子，短语和单词来选出合适的短语；同时还要注意使用短语的正确形式，特别是动词短语，首先要判断是做谓语还是非谓语，如果是谓语动词要注意时态和语态，如果是非谓语动词，要注意判断所做的句子成分，从而选用正确的非谓语动词的形式。

2~4.【答案】C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二行• at least 60 hours' paid training to prepare you for the workplace（•至少60小时的带薪培训，为您进入工作场所做好准备）可知你可以通过青年就业联系获得职业培训。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Eligibility（资格）部分•unemployed（•失业）可知这个机会的要求是失业。故选 A。
（3）细节理解题。根据How to apply for Youth Job Connection部分To start your application for Youth Job Connection，request an appointment with an Employment Ontario service provider.（要开始申请青年就业联系，请向安大略省就业服务提供商预约。）可知关于青年工作联系可以了解到的是它需要提前预约。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Youth Job Connection的详细信息。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

5~8.【答案】C、D、D、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文为记叙文，作者讲述了自己热爱体育运动的起因、经过和结果。
1. 根据第一段Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams.（与我的年龄相比，我个子小，与其说是体育爱好者，不如说是个书呆子。我遭受了被各种体操队最后选中的那种特殊的humiliation。）可知，作者因为个头小，且是个书呆子，因此各种体操队最后才选中作者，可推知，这是一种羞辱，与shame意思相近。
2. 根据第一段In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father.（在垒球比赛中，我第一次尝到了运动胜利的滋味。这要归功于我的第一位教练，我的父亲。）可知作者将比赛的胜利归功于父亲提供的指导和训练。
3. 根据最后一段中So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation.（所以，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至被认为是度假时必不可少的。）可知，作者在成年后依然热爱运动。
4. 通读全文可知，文章讲述了自己热爱体育运动的起因、经过和结果。根据第一段中The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school.（我第一次意识到我对体育比赛的热爱是在小学的Field Day期间。）以及末段中So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. （所以，尽管这让我们的一些朋友感到震惊，但这种早期的基础在成年后演变成了一种专注于运动和健身的方式，甚至被认为是度假时必不可少的。）可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是表达自己对运动和健身的喜爱。

9~12.【答案】C、B、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段The mission objectives are clear：develop a lasting presence on its surface and pave the way to go to Mars.（这项任务的目标很明确：在其表面开发一个持久的存在，并为前往火星铺平道路。）可知任务的目的是为接下来的许多事情做准备。A.Attracting much attention.备受瞩目；B.Launching Artemis I.发射阿尔忒弥斯一号；C.Preparing for a lot to go on.为接下来的事情做准备；D.Creating a continuous possibility to Mars.为火星创造了持续的可能性。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据倒第二段Mercury is too close to the Sun for comfort and too far away from the Earth.（水星离太阳太近，不会舒适，离地球太远。）可知，水星是未来几十年最不可能被探测的。故选B。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段Naturally，turning the space rock into a habitat for humans is not very practical considering our current level of technological maturity，but in my best estimation，it's the next easiest thing to accomplish，after the Moon and Mars，of course.（当然，考虑到我们目前的技术成熟水平，把太空岩石变成人类的栖息地并不太现实，但据我估计，这是接下来最容易完成的事情，当然，是在月球和火星之后。）可知，作者对"太空旅馆"的态度是充满希望的。A.Ambiguous.模棱两可的；B.Critical.关键的；C.Hopeful.有希望的；D.Indifferent.不在乎的。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第二段And then what？What's the next great leap in humans' quest for the secrets of the universe？When it comes to the near future scientific exploration，there are a few areas of the solar system that will be receiving some special attention.（然后呢？人类探索宇宙秘密的下一个重大飞跃是什么？当谈到不久的将来的科学探索时，太阳系的一些区域将受到一些特别的关注。）可知，文章主要讲未来宇宙探索的领域。D.The areas of the future universe exploration.（未来宇宙探索的领域。）符合题意，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了随着美国宇航局准备发射阿尔忒弥斯一号，并为接下来的发射做准备，月球备受关注，任务目标是在月球表面建立可持续的存在，并为前往火星铺平道路。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

13~17.【答案】B、D、F、A、E
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据前句You're growing up.That means you're probably experiencing lots of changes         ，all at once.Your body is changing.It might even seem as if your entire self is changing.It can be confusing and even scary                     表示"你正在成长。这意味着你可能一下子经历了很多变化。你的身体在变化。你的整个自我似乎都在改变。这可能会让人困惑甚至害怕"，以及后文对成长的解释，可知表示"但事实是，这种事发生在每个青少年身上"的选项B符合前后的语境，故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据前句In order for that to happen     ，your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow.Hormone levels change constantly               ，rising and falling  表示"为了实现这一点，你的身体会产生一种叫做荷尔蒙的化学物质，这种化学物质可以帮助身心成长。荷尔蒙水平不断变化，有升有降情绪波动"，可知表示"这种变化是身体发育所必需的"的选项D符合前后的语境，故选D。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据后文▲Take care of yourself   以及Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed                对度过青春期的方法的介绍，可知表示"以下是一些你可以做的事情，使你的旅程（指青春期的变化）更顺利"的选项F符合前后的语境，故选F。
（4）A.主旨大意题。根据后句When you feel your moods swinging or you are upset         ，or confused ，some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer            表示"当你感到情绪波动、心烦意乱或迷茫时，一些安静的时间会让你集中思想，冷静下来"，可知表示"暂停一下"的选项A符合本段的主题，故选A。
（5）E.推理判断题。根据前句Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed                表示"当你醒来和睡觉的时候，练习放松你的身体和深呼吸"，以及后句Plus，when stuff happens during the day     ，you'll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react               表示"另外，当白天发生事情时，你可以在做出反应之前，用一两次深呼吸迅速使自己平静下来"，可知表示" 它会帮助你入睡，并开始一个早晨"的选项E符合前后的语境，故选E。
本文是一篇说明文，青春期意味着你可能一下子经历了很多变化，这可能会让人困惑甚至害怕，但事实是，这种事发生在每个青少年身上。本文介绍了几个平稳度过青春期方法。包括：照顾好自己；醒来和睡觉的时候，练习放松你的身体和深呼吸；暂停一下。
首先要通读全文，了解文章大意．通读答案，找出相对应的关键词．根据文章整体结构，具体内容、结合关键词，将选项填入文中。

18~32.【答案】A、B、D、A、B、C、A、D、A、C、D、C、D、B、C
【解析】（1）考查名词短语及语境理解。A.open arms敞开的手臂；B.firm mouths 坚定的嘴；C.watery eyes湿润的眼睛；D.loose tongues口若悬河。句意：然而，当凯蒂和帕特里克•史密斯搬到牛顿时，他们受到了真正的欢迎。根据文章第一句"It's a rare thing now to get into a new neighborhood and find yourself welcomed by the locals"可知，如今搬到一个新的社区，发现自己受到当地居民的欢迎是很罕见的。根据转折词Yet可知，然而，搬家到Newton的Katie 和Patrick 夫妇受到了热烈欢迎。with open arms"热烈地，热情地"。故选A。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.test测试；B.move搬家；C.visit拜访；D.gathering聚会。句意：凯蒂在搬家前怀孕了，几个月后就生下了丽贝卡。根据上文"when they relocated to Newton. "可知，Katie 搬家了。故选B。
（3）考查副词及语境理解。A.Obviously明显；B.Eventually最终；C.Consequently因此，结果；D.Unfortunately不幸。句意：不幸的是，测试发现丽贝卡天生失聪。根据下文中的"Rebecca was born deaf"可知，不幸的是，经检查，Rebecca 天生耳聋。故选D。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.devotion投入；B.donation捐赠；C.assessment核定，评定；D.connection接通，连接。句意：史密斯夫妇知道抚养丽贝卡需要付出很大的努力。根据上文"tests discovered Rebecca was born deaf. "得知，照顾是失聪的孩子需要很大的投入。故选A。
（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.worried担忧的；B.excited兴奋的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.disappointed失望的。句意：邻居们仍然兴奋不已，欢迎 Rebecca加入他们的行列。根据下文"to welcome Rebecca with them"得知，Rebecca诞生使邻居们兴奋不已。故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.tension矛盾，紧张局势；B.urgency紧迫；C.struggle难事；D.accident事故。句意：但他们也意识到这对于她的父母来说是多么艰难的一件事。根据上文"tests discovered Rebecca was born deaf. "得知，他们也意识到抚养失聪的孩子这对于她的父母来说是多么艰难的一件事。故选C。
（7）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.easier更容易的；B.quieter 更安静的；C.more helpful 更有帮助的；D.more effective 更有效的。句意：他们想让这个家庭的日子更容易一些。根据下文"Learning sign language to help Rebecca learn"得知，邻居们想做些事情让这个家庭的日子更容易一些。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.follow跟随；B.survive生存；C.compete竞争；D.communicate沟通。句意：随着Rebecca成长，他们学会手语为了帮助Rebecca 学会交流。根据空前的"Learning sign language to help Rebecca learn to"和下文的"interact with Rebecca"可知，邻居们学习手语是为了帮助Rebecca 在成长的过程中学会交流。故选D。
（9）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.take on承担，呈现；B.pass on传给；C.hand out分发；D.find out发现，查明。句意：尽管学习手语确实是有挑战性的。为了帮助他们最年轻的社区成员，邻居们一致同意承担学习第二语言的手语的任务。根据下文"They wanted（13）to interact with Rebecca."得知，邻居们一致同意承担学手语的任务。故选A。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.necessary必要的；C.challenging有挑战的；D.meaningful有意义的。句意：尽管学习手语确实是有挑战性的。为了帮助他们最年轻的社区成员，居们一致同意承担学习第二语言的手语的任务。根据上文中的"mastering an entirely second language"可知，学习手语确实是有挑战性的事。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.recommended举荐；B.interviewed采访，面谈；C.trusted信任；D.hired雇佣。句意：当三个月大的Rebecca在一个聋人中心学习时，邻居们聘请了一名手语教练。根据下文"an instructor，who would help get all of them to be in Rebecca's growth."　　　　　　可知，邻居们聘请了一名手语教练。故选D。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.brief 简介的；B.smooth平滑的；C.secret 秘密的；D.consistent 连续的。句意：邻居们尽可能长时间地保密，为了给Smith一家一个惊喜。从下文中的"to give the Smiths a surprise"可知，邻居们想给Smith一家一个惊喜，因此尽可能长时间地保密（secret）。故选C。
（13）考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐；B.naturally 自然；C.hurriedly匆忙；D.eagerly渴望地。句意：他们迫切地想跟 Rebecca 互动。根据下文中的"Finally，the time came"可知，此处表示他们迫切地想跟Rebecca 互动。故选D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.smiles微笑；B.signs 手语；C.applause鼓掌；D.atmosphere氛围。句意：这家人一到达，他们就发现邻居们欢迎的手势语把他们包围了。根据上文"Finally，the time came to show the Smiths what they'd accomplished"得知，邻居们欢迎的手势语把他们包围了。故选B。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.recognized认出；B.understood 明白；C.included包括；D.needed 需要。句意：现在，无论是在街上还是在杂货店，丽贝卡都觉得自己被纳入了特殊的语言之中——她是这个社区的一部分。根据下文中的"she's part of this community"可知，此处表示Rebecca 无论是在街上还是在杂货店，丽贝卡都觉得自己被纳入了特殊的语言之中。故选C。
本文是记叙文。讲述了一个邻里之间的暖心故事。Rebecca天生耳聋，为了帮助她在成长过程中学会沟通，她的邻居们自发学习手语，这让她和她的家人感受到了社区的温暖和邻里的关怀。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

33.【答案】【小题1】which
【小题2】to
【小题3】be caused
【小题4】depth
【小题5】millimeters
【小题6】and
【小题7】burnt
【小题8】gently
【小题9】using
【小题10】to take
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：皮肤是身体的重要组成部分，是抵御疾病、毒素和阳光的屏障。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the skin，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
（2）考查动词短语。句意：皮肤被烧伤会导致非常严重的伤害。根据句意可知，此处应为动词短语lead to，意为"导致"，空处应填介词to，故填to。
（3）考查被动语态。句意：烧伤可由多种物质引起，如热液体、酸或其他化学物质。分析句子可知，主语burns与动词cause之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词can后面用动词原形，故填be caused。
（4）考查不可数名词。句意：根据皮肤损伤的深度，它们分为三种类型。根据设空前后定冠词the及介词of可知，空处应填名词depth，表示"深度"，这里是不可数名词，故填depth。
（5）考查可数名词复数。句意：一级烧伤只影响最上面几毫米的皮肤。millimetre"毫米"是可数名词，前面有few修饰，应用复数形式，故填millimeters。
（6）考查连词。句意：三度烧伤会影响皮肤的每一层，有时还会影响皮肤下的组织。根据句意，设空前后为并列关系，应用连词and连接并列的宾语，故填and。
（7）考查过去分词。句意：如果你被烧伤了，首先将烧伤部位放在清凉的自来水下冲洗。分析句子可知，if引导的条件状语从句中主语you与动词burn之间为被动关系，应用过去分词burnt作表语，构成"get+过去分词结构"，故填burnt。
（8）考查副词。句意：然后用一块干净的布轻轻地擦干烧焦的部位。空处修饰动词dry，应用副词gently，作状语。故填gently。
（9）考查现在分词。句意：如有必要，用剪刀将衣服脱掉。分析句子可知，本句为祈使句，省略了主语you，谓语动词是remove，空处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语you与动词use之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，故填using。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：如果受害者患有二级或三级烧伤，则急需立即将其送往医院。there is an need to do sth为固定句式，表示"有必要做某事"，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面名词need，故填to take。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何处理皮肤烧伤问题。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

34.【答案】the real driver of poor health
【解析】根据句意，横线处应是the real driver of poor health（不良健康的真正推手），名词词组作主语；根据句意，横线处应是as it is，意为"实际上"，是固定搭配。
故填：the real driver of poor health；as it is。
然而，越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而是糖。
考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。

35.【答案】Standing in
【解析】根据句意，表示"站"用stand，不及物动词，主语they与stand之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，置于句首，首字母需大写；"在远处"in the distance，固定搭配；表示"对……惊叹不已"，用be astonished to do sth，本句陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，be动词用were。
故填：Standing in；were astonished to。
站在远处，她们看到湖南边的尼亚加拉大瀑布升腾而起的水雾，惊叹不已。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

36.【答案】Prior to coming
【解析】prior to译为"在……之前"，to是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式，prior在句首，首字母大写，所以空一应填Prior to。change译为"改变"，主句时态用了一般过去时，从句表达的动作发生在主句动作之前，所以使用过去完成时；中国菜和改变为动宾关系，所以使用被动语态，因此空二应填had been changed。
故填：Prior to coming；had been changed。
来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国菜已被改变以适应美国人的口味。
考查汉译英，注意汉英之间的差异，汉语与英语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示进行翻译，使句意更通顺。

37.【答案】sitting there and doing nothing
【解析】分析句子可知，justify译为"证明…有理"，sitting there and doing nothing译为"坐在那儿什么都不做"，属于动名词短语作宾语；We are all humans译为"我们都属于人类大家庭"；responsibility to look after one another's welfare译为"照顾彼此幸福的责任"，属于不定式短语作后置定语。
故填：sitting there and doing nothing；look after one another's welfare。
我有什么理由坐在那儿什么都不做呢？我们都属于人类大家庭，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。
此题要求考生具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，能灵活运用所学知识去分析题目。

38.【答案】To solve this problem
【解析】分析句子可知，为了解决这个问题To solve this problem，是不定式短语作目的状语；挽救了世界上成千上万个生命saving thousands of lives around the world，是现在分词短语作结果状语。
故填：To solve this problem；saving thousands of lives。
为了解决这个问题，美国医生亨利.海姆于1974年发明了"海姆利希急救法"，挽救了世界上成千上万个生命。
此题要求考生具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，能灵活运用所学知识去分析题目。

39.【答案】had a few hours to kill
【解析】根据句意，表示"有几个小时的时间可以消磨"，英语表达是have a few hours to kill，kill表示"消磨（时间），打发（时光）"，这里用动词不定式作后置定语修饰前面名词hours，本句陈述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，have用过去式had；表示"继续前往某地"用proceed to somewhere，空前had to意为"不得不"，后面接动词原形。
故填：had a few hours to kill；proceed to。
李黛予和表妹抵达加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多之后，仅有几个小时的时间可以消磨，然后就得继续前往旅程的下一站蒙特利尔，于是两人就在市区逛了逛。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

40.【答案】As we know，eating healthily is extremely important for teenagers. 【高分句型一】It not only gives us the necessary energy but also helps us perform better in sports as well as schoolwork.（话题）
However，some bad eating habits are still common among students，who often skip breakfast，enjoy eating lots of snacks or junk food，and are particular about food. 【高分句型二】All these habits will do great harm to their bodies in the long run.（不良饮食习惯）
To eat healthily，I think we should make it a habit to eat meals regularly，and try to replace foods high in sugar，salt，and unhealthy fat with fruit，vegetables，whole grains，and low-fat foods.（健康饮食建议）
【解析】高分句型一：As we know，eating healthily is extremely important for teenagers.
译文：正如我们所知，健康饮食对青少年来说极其重要。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：However，some bad eating habits are still common among students，who often skip breakfast，enjoy eating lots of snacks or junk food，and are particular about food.
译文：然而，一些不良的饮食习惯在学生中仍然很常见，他们经常不吃早餐，喜欢吃很多零食或垃圾食品，并且对食物很挑剔。
分析：这句话使用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

41.【答案】But one off-duty surgeon，Mr Dimitri，happened to hear about the serious accident.Without hesitation，he rushed to the hospital and offered his assistance.Despite being on his day off，he took charge of Mary's operation and worked tirelessly to save her life.It was a long and difficult surgery，but Mr Dimitri refused to give up.Finally，after several hours of intensive surgery，Mary was stabilized and moved to the intensive care unit.With the help of her family and the hospital staff，she slowly began to regain her strength and mobility.（在Mr Dimitri的帮助下，Mary渐渐恢复）
Before leaving the hospital her son told her it was the surgeon who saved her life.Mary was filled with gratitude towards this kind and selfless man who had given up his day off to save her life.【高分句型一】She insisted that she should see Mr Dimitri in person.When they finally saw each other，Mary held the surgeon's hands and expressed her gratitude to him.  【高分句型二】She vowed to make the most of her second chance and to never take her health for granted again.（从儿子那里得知情况后，Mary对Mr Dimitri表达了感激之情）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mary Ellison是一名积极的女性，退休后，经常和丈夫出去运动，一次他们出去骑车，却被一辆卡车撞到，他们受伤严重，被送到医院，他们的儿子赶到医院，被告知父母生还可能很小。
高分句型一：Mary was filled with gratitude towards this kind and selfless man who had given up his day off to save her life.
译文：玛丽对这个善良无私的男人充满了感激之情，他放弃了一天的休息时间来挽救她的生命。
分析：这句话使用了who引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：When they finally saw each other，Mary held the surgeon's hands and expressed her gratitude to him.
译文：当他们终于见面时，玛丽握着外科医生的手，向他表达了她的感激之情。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。