英语（全国乙卷）-2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（参考答案）

这是一份英语（全国乙卷）-2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（参考答案），共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，【答案】B，考查时态和语态，考查非限制性定语从句，考查形容词的最高级，考查状语从句， 考查固定短语，考查副词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（全国乙卷）
英语
参考答案
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1.【答案】A
【原文】M: Congratulations! I hear you are going to university.
W: Thanks. But actually, it’s my twin sister who is going to university. I’m going to do business with my father, I want to become a successful businesswoman.
2.【答案】B
【原文】M: I am looking for something for my wife. She likes the sweet smell of flowers, except for roses.
W: I get it. We have gift sets of various perfumes and we are currently running at a special price. Let me show you what we have—lemon and orange blossom perfume.
3．【答案】C
【原文】W: We should’ve left 30 minutes earlier! Traffic is awful! We are going to miss our flight!
M: We need an extra hour to get there! We aren’t even halfway to the airport. Plus, we need to check in and go through security.
4．【答案】C
【原文】W: Why are you so late? We’ve been waiting for almost an hour and a half.
M: I’m terribly sorry. Just as I was leaving, Mr. Smith asked me to send a telegram for him. The post office was crowded and I was in line for an hour. Then I raced straight here.
5．【答案】C
【原文】M: Eventually, you’ll be old like me, Helen. Now, you have less responsibility — so enjoy it.
W: That’s true, Grandpa. I’m just stressed about my grades and school friends.
M: All students do — just try to enjoy your work and don’t worry.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
【答案】6．B 7．C
【原文】M: Do you have many festivals in China?
W: Yes, we have quite a few. We have a lot of national festivals and every race has festivals of their own.
M: Is the Mid-autumn Festival an important one?
W: Yes, it’s more important than some others. But it is not the most important one.
M: Then what is the most important one?
W: The Spring Festival. It is like Christmas in the West.
We usually have four or five days off then.
【答案】8．C 9．A
【原文】M: Hello, welcome to Burger Barn. Can I take your order?
W: I think I’ll have a beef sandwich, fries and a coffee, please.
M: Okay. Oh, I’m sorry. We’re out of beef sandwiches today. How about a hot dog or maybe some chicken?
W: Yeah. I think I’ll go for the chicken please.
M: Alright. Do you want breast meat or leg meat?
W: Ah, breast meat please. Someone in my office once recommended that to me.
M: Okay, so you can go ahead and drive through to the cashier’s desk to pay for your meal. Your total is going to be $ 6.
W: Thank you.
【答案】10．B 11．A 12．C
【原文】M: Great job on your chemistry test, Anna! This is your second “B” in a row!
W: “B-plus” actually. So there is a small improvement, Dad.
M: So what have you been doing? You used to be a “D” student before.
W: I’ve joined a study group. Our members discuss all the difficult stuff, and we test each other all the time.
M: Great idea. Maybe you will have more time on the weekends to go out with your friends. How did you find the study group?
W: I saw a notice on the message board at lunch one day. I decided to check it out, and now we meet once a week after our last class of the day.
M: So that’s why you’ve been coming home late. Good for you. So. you’re not nervous about your chemistry tests anymore?
W: Not at all. I am more prepared than ever.
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．B 16．B
【原文】M: Honey, what’s the time now?
W: It’s 7.
M: Oh, the football match is about to start. Could you bring me some French fries and a bowl of ice cream?
W: OK, anything else?
M: No, that’s all, thank you. Hey, dear, my company is organizing a football team and I’d like to join it very much. What do you think of it?
W: To be honest, you’d better not.
M: Why? After all, I was a good football player in university.
W: Hmm! That was ten years ago. And it has been at least 6 years since you played last.
M: So what
W: I don’t want you to have a heart attack running up and down the field.
M: You mean I should give it up?
W: Well, you’ve put on weight and are in poor health now, so at least you should have a physical examination before you begin.
M: Well, OK, but...
W: And you should change your diet, reduce fatty foods, and eat more fruit and vegetables. Also do more exercise from now on.
M: Yeah, you’re right.
【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．A
【原文】
Billy Black is 14 years old and in the ninth grade at a middle school near his home. Life is hard for his family, so he has to get up at five every morning and ride an old bike to deliver newspapers to houses nearby. There are seven people in his family, his father, his mother and his four sisters. His father, who was once a doctor, is now ill in bed. Every morning, after finishing delivering the newspapers, he hurries to school. The school begins at eight o’clock every morning. He usually earns about 80 dollars a month and more during his holidays. He wants to buy a new bike or a second- hand car, but he has to spend some of the money buying books and clothes for himself, and he has to spend some of his money on food for his family. He saves the rest to pay for his college fees. He does hope to go to college after he graduates from middle school and find a good job after he graduates from college. He hopes to earn much more money to support his poor family in the future.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。为了帮助新生，国际商学院（IBI）计划建立一个项目，该项目将帮助新生认识在校学生，并帮助他们解决他们可能遇到的任何小问题。文章主要介绍了作为同伴支持者的好处以及应当履行的一些责任。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives.(它还将帮助你建立可能对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系)”可知，作为伙伴的好处是对你未来的学习和事业有帮助，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Responsibilities of buddies下的第二段“Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area Answer questions about living in Newcastle and administration procedures at IBI.(与学生见面，带他/她参观校园和当地环境，回答有关在纽卡斯尔生活和 IBI 行政程序的问题)”可知，作为伙伴的其中一个责任是使新生熟悉环境。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段中“We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a volunteer, it will be personally satisfying to know that you are able to help new students. It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives. If you are an overseas student, it will give you another opportunity to practise speaking English.(我们相信成为一个好朋友会在几个方面得到回报。作为一名志愿者，知道自己能够帮助新同学，对你个人来说是一件令人满意的事情。它还将帮助你建立可能对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系。如果你是一个留学生，这将给你另一个机会练习说英语)”和最后一段中“Please note that if you agree to become a peer support buddy, you will be expected to fulfill your role conscientiously and cheerfully. (请注意，如果你同意成为一个同伴支持伙伴，你将被期望认真和愉快地履行你的角色)”可推知，作者的写作目的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为同伴支持者。故选B。
【答案】24．C 25．C 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的经历，作者和妻子每次养室内植物都会失败，后来作者患病后，养了一株竹子，作者也把竹子和自己的健康联系在一起。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My wife, Hannah, and I don’t usually keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered, but after my diagnosis (诊断) with brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something green around. (我妻子汉娜和我通常不养室内植物。花盆里的任何东西要么浇水过多，要么浇水不足，但在我被诊断出患有脑癌之后，我喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西。)”可知，作者和妻子每次养室内植物都会失败；再根据第二段“When it didn’t immediately turn yellow or lose leaves, I was pleasantly surprised. (当它没有立即变黄或落叶时，我感到惊喜。)”可知，作者看到竹子没有变黄和落叶时，感到惊喜是因为他和妻子之前养室内植物都失败了。故选C。
25．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“As a family physician, I was used to offering care, not receiving it. (作为一名家庭医生，我习惯于提供照顾，而不是接受照顾。)”可知，作者一直以来都习惯于提供照顾。而根据划线句子前一句“Since my diagnosis, I had to rely on help from other people. (自从我被确诊后，我不得不依靠别人的帮助。)”可知，确诊之后，作者不得不依靠别人的帮助，也就是不能继续给别人提供照顾了。因此，划线句子的隐含意思指的是，给植物浇水又唤起了作者照顾别人的渴望。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before, but I couldn’t shake the feeling that the plant had become a symbol of my health. I grew increasingly depressed and fearful. (汉娜提醒我，我们以前见过室内植物死去，但我无法摆脱这种感觉，那棵植物已经成为我健康的象征。我变得越来越沮丧和恐惧。)”和最后一段“Looking back, I realized I had wrongly connected my caring of the plant—something I could manage—with my own survival—something I couldn’t.  Knowing I couldn’t control my fate (命运), my anxiety actually lessened. (回想起来，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的照顾——这是我能做到的——和我自己的生存联系起来——这是我不能做到的。)”可知，作者感到恐惧的原因是因为作者把植物的健康和自己的健康联系在一起，所以看到植物开始枯萎，作者就联想到自身的健康，因此感到害怕。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Looking back, I realized I had wrongly connected my caring of the plant—something I could manage—with my own survival—something I couldn’t. Knowing I couldn’t control my fate (命运), my anxiety actually lessened. (回想起来，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的照顾——这是我能做到的——和我自己的生存联系起来——这是我不能做到的。知道自己无法控制自己的命运后，我的焦虑反而减轻了。)”可知，作者接受了自己不可避免的局限性，知道自己无法控制自己命运后，他的焦虑也就减轻了。故选D。
【答案】28．C 29．B 30．D 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了非营利组织Casey Trees开发了一张地图，可以显示樱花的位置。文章解释了开发这种地图的目的以及其它关于地图的信息。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Washington-based nonprofit Casey Trees has a detailed map of where to find them.(总部位于华盛顿的非营利组织Casey Trees有一张详细的地图，上面有找到樱花的地方)”可知，地图可以用来找到樱花。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“The map is an annual tradition at Casey Trees. The organization plans to use it to help protect Washington’s trees.(这张地图是Casey Trees的年度传统。该组织计划用它来帮助保护华盛顿的树木)”可知，Casey Trees开发这张地图是为了保护当地的树木。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Most of the trees on the map are located on public land. So if your yard or your neighbor’s yard is the proud home of a cherry tree, it may not appear (considering it as your own secret garden).(地图上的大部分树木都位于公共土地上。因此，如果你的院子或你邻居的院子里有一棵樱桃树，它可能不会出现（考虑到它是你自己的秘密花园）)”可知，Casey Trees考虑到个人隐私。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“You don’t have to brave the crowds at the Tidal Basin to enjoy the glories of cherry blossom (樱花), which always runs for one month. The delicate pink and white blooms decorate the district. Washington-based nonprofit Casey Trees has a detailed map of where to find them.(在潮汐盆地，你不必冒着拥挤的人群去欣赏樱花盛开的美景，樱花盛开的时间通常长达一个月。娇嫩的粉白色花朵点缀着这个地区。总部位于华盛顿的非营利组织Casey Trees有一张详细的地图，上面有找到它们的地方)”结合文章主要说明了非营利组织Casey Trees开发了一张地图，可以显示樱花的位置。文章解释了开发这种地图的目的以及其它关于地图的信息。可知，D选项“你不必费心去找樱花了”最符合文章标题。故选D。

【答案】32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了正确的失败观——相比于仅仅把失败当作一种幸运，更多地是要有建设性地“失败”，勇敢面对失望，并从中学习到经验。作者警示我们要警惕“酸葡萄效应”，不要企图通过逃避失败的方式，来避免失败和失望。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“However, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forward”. We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals. (然而，心理学研究发现，我们大多数人都难以做到建设性地处理失败。换句话说，我们没有“向前失败”。我们想办法贬低我们失败的任务，降低坚持和实现目标的动力。)”可知，第一段提出了一个看似正确但实则肤浅的观点，以便后文提出作者自已的见解：仅仅把失败当作一种幸运是肤浅的，而要有建设性地“失败”，从中学习经验。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism. “Most of us picture ourselves as competent people, so when external feedback (反馈) suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says. (Sjastad解释说，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制。“我们大多数人都认为自己是有能力的人，所以当外部反馈不是这样时，它会对自我形象构成严重威胁，”他说。)”可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，会否认外界对于我们的负面反馈。故选D。
34．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve (而不是坚持一小会，再看看是否可以从中学习和提高)”可推知，prematurely意思与“hanging on a little”相反，意为“提前地，过早地”。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, you may find it easier to achieve your goals. (失败是不可避免的。学会面对失望，而不是贬低失望的重要性，假装什么都没发生，你可能会发现实现目标更容易。)”可知，作者通过全文的讨论，呼吁大家树立正确的失败观，警惕“酸葡萄效应”。当我们完美的自我形象受外界负面反馈的影响时，不要逃避，不要贬低失败的价值，而是要勇敢的面对，并从中得到学习和提高。故选A。
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
【答案】36．D 37．G 38．C 39．B 40．E
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了笑能帮助我们级解压力，生活中要笑对困境，看向事物积极的一面。
36．前文提到“We all know that laughter is the best medicine.”（我们都知道笑容是最好的良药），后文提到“People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger.”（能对自己的不幸一笑置之的人能更快更坚强地振作起来。）由此判断，笑容还能让人更快地恢复过来。D项“But laughter does more than cheer you up.”（但是笑不仅仅是让你开心。）旨在说明笑不只是让人心情好起来，它还有后文提到的“Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.”（以下是一位喜剧演员对应对压力的看法。）减少压力的作用。D项符合文意，故选D。
37．第二段第一句提到“You can try to find a different perspective. ”（你可以尝试换个角度）。下文作者讲了朋友的一个故事，旨在证明只要找到了好笑的点，就可以把一件尴尬的事情变成一件好笑的事情。而读者可以从这个故事里获得灵感，受到鼓舞。从上下文可以得知，这个角度实际上指的是看到事情的有趣的地方，找到好笑的点。G项“If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.”（如果你很难看到有趣的一面，你可能会发现下面的故事很鼓舞人心。）该项与后文的故事为解释例证关系。G项符合文意，故选G。
38．空处位于段首，由此判断该句应为该段的主题句，后文提到“You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane (神志正常的) .”（当时你可能不想笑，但现在，回头看，你可以考虑所有奇怪的方面的经验和所有的事情，你做了保持活跃或只是保持理智。）每个人都会经历压力并受到影响，当时也许笑不出来，但是回头看看，想起做过的奇怪的事情，也许就会笑了。C项“You can also look again and laugh.”（你可以回过头看看，然后大笑一场） 该项符合文意，故选C。
39．前文提到“When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth.”（当你和朋友分享故事时，你可以选择分享创伤和痛苦的故事，也可以选择用希望和成长的故事来鼓舞他们的精神。）后文提到“Take the exact same story and change the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. ”（以同样的故事为例，把重点从“为我感到难过”转变为“和我一起笑”。）由此判断，该段说明可以把难过的事情转换成另外一个方面去吸收。结合文章标题“What a comedian can teach you about managing stress”（喜剧演员可以教你如何管理压力）可知，喜剧演员会让观众一起笑起来。B项“Why not do what comedians do?”（为什么不学学喜剧演员呢?）B项符合文意，故选B。
40．前文提到“Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. ”（请记住，我们都在一起，我们都有同样荒谬的经历，我们可以一起嘲笑生活给我们的任何东西。），此空前面建议人们要认识到每个人都会经历不好的事情，无论经历什么，我们都可以发笑。所以此空应该是这么做的好处。E项“Then you are able to make a simple choice.”（然后你就可以做一个简单的选择。）E项符合文意，故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
【答案】
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．D 56．B 57．C 58．C 59．B 60．D
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述一个40岁的女士，因为家庭烦杂的家务和家人的嘈杂使得她想逃离，于是她就为了更好的去了解自己想做什么样的人，就和朋友一起去徒步旅行。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢这份有挑战又有趣的工作。A. disastrous灾难的；B. fun有趣的；C. dull枯燥的；D. tough艰难的。根据上文“I’m enjoying a challenging but”可知，下文要用和challenging相反的意思的形容词来描述作者对她的工作的态度，作者很喜欢的工作，应该是很有趣的。故选B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：家庭厨房的混乱令人不安：水壶、锅碗瓢盆的声音，以及我做早餐时的谈话要求。A. comforting令人安慰的；B. approving支持的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据下文“I escaped 　　4　　 to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the self that is 　　5　　 from the children and wonder who that person might be.”可知，作者不喜欢这样的生活状况，所以厨房里的混乱令她不安。故选C。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. demands需求，要求；B. solutions解决；C. assumptions假设；D. references参考。根据下文“Only in silence do I bear the self”可知，作者想要安静，说明她平时得不到安静，所以她生活中应该是对谈话有要求。故选A。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只能短时间地逃到我的卧室。A. originally原始地；B. apparently明显地；C. potentially潜在地；D. briefly短时间地。根据下文“to my bedroom”可知，作者逃到她的卧室来远离令人不安的家庭琐事只是暂时的行为。故选D。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有在沉默中，我才能承受与孩子们分离的自我，并想知道那个人可能是谁。A. separate分离的；B. accessible可到达的；C. different不同的；D. mixed混合的。根据下文“wonder who that person might be”可知，此处是指脱离孩子们作者是一个什么样的人。故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一个朋友去冰岛徒步旅行。A. volunteer自愿；B. hike徒步；C. settle定居；D. wander漫步。根据下文“I hoped the consideration of walking would help me”可知，作者是在那里徒步旅行。故选B。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望对走路的考虑能帮助我更好地了解我想成为什么样的人。A. understand了解，理解；B. picture描绘；C. suppose假设；D. question问题。根据上文“wonder who that person might be”可知，作者一直想知道自己离开了家人会成为什么样的人，所以在外旅游期间就可以好好的思考并了解一下。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着外面的狂风暴雨，并知道不需要做决定，我的灵魂得到了释放。A. trapped设陷阱；B. replaced代替；C. freed释放；D. drove开车。根据上文“Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there’s no decision to make”可知，作者的状态是很放松的，所以是释放了灵魂，让灵魂自由了。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：顶着大雨爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，提醒我，我实际上需要的是多么的少，当我不舒服的时候，我感觉自己多么的强大。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. consulted咨询；D. promised承诺。根据下文“how little I actually needed and how strong I felt 　　10　　 uncomfortable.”可知，这是作者意识到的内容，就好像是在提醒她自己。故选B。
50．考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. as if好像；B. even though尽管；C. so因此；D. when当……时候。根据上文“how strong I felt”可知，这是作者在她自己不舒服的时候的感受。故选D。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在冰岛找到了宁静，有时间去思考除了事业和孩子之外的“我”，与没有共同过去和未来的陌生人分享故事。A. confidence自信；B. value价值；C. silence沉默，寂静；D. happiness快乐。根据上文“Only in silence do I bear the self that is 　　5　　 from the children and.”可知，作者一直想要寻找的就是这份安静。故选C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. shared分享的；B. painful痛苦的；C. troubled有麻烦的；D. glorious荣耀的。根据上文“shared stories with strangers”可知，作者和陌生人之间是没有共同可分享的过去的。故选A。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我不说话，仅仅听的时候，我吃惊的发现我的态度改变了——我变得更加的大方了。A. concern关心；B. attitude态度；C. life生活；D. appearance出现，外貌。根据下文“I became more generous”可知，这是作者的态度改变了。故选B。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解到，大方可以创造更多的空间和温暖，甚至是第一眼看上去似乎不够的时候。A. advocate倡导；B. shoulder承担；C. launch发射；D. create创造。根据下文“more space and more warmth 　　15　　 when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.”可知，更多的空间和温暖是大方创造出来的。故选D。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. indeed确实；B. just仅仅；C. only仅仅；D. even甚至。根据下文“when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.”可知，这句话是和上文是递进的关系。故选D。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回到嘈杂，混乱和爱的家。A. doubt怀疑；B. noise嘈杂；C. peace使和平；D. experience经历。根据上文“The chaos of the family kitchen was 　　2　　: the noise of the kettle, pots and dishes, and the conversation 　　3　　 while I’m making breakfast.”可知，作者的家里充满了嘈杂，混乱和爱。故选B。
57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道，无论我多么努力的去听，答案不是在山顶上等待，也不是在我的脑海里等待。A. specifically确切地说；B. casually随意地；C. hard努力；D. randomly随机地。根据上文“I know the answer isn’t waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head,”可知，作者无论多么努力地去听，答案都不在那些地方。故选C。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：答案就在我面前自己走的人生路的每一步。A. design设计；B. pattern类型；C. path路；D. belief信念。根据上文“in front of me with every step”可知，这是指作者走的人生路上的每一步。故选C。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：力量在重担下被创造。A. Pleasure快乐；B. Strength力量；C. Spirit精神；D. Pressure压力。根据下文“is built under a heavy load.”可知，在负重的情况下被创造的应该是力量。故选B。
60．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我打算带上所有的东西继续旅行。A. aside一边；B. off离开；C. back回来；D. on继续。根据上文“I’m expecting to pick up all of my loads and travel”可知，作者期待的是带上所有的东西继续旅行。故选D。
第二节 ( 共10小题:每小题1.5分, 满分15分 )
【答案】
61．including 62．to 63．have helped 64．which 65．strongest 66．countries 67．was influenced 68．Although/Though 69．an 70．constantly
【详解】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文化的内涵及历史。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：文化是什么?文化是一群人共有的特征和知识，包括他们的语言、宗教、饮食、社会习惯、音乐和艺术　. (include) their language, religion, food, social habits. music and arts. 是非谓语动词作状语，include与其逻辑主语Culture之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故填including。
2.考查形容词短语。be related to“与…有关”。故填to。
3.考查时态和语态。句意：在过去2500年里，大量的历史事件帮助塑造了西方文化。根据此句的时间状语“in the past 2,500 years”可知，需要用现在完成时，且此处为主动语态，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填have helped。
4.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：14世纪的黑死病导致欧洲的人口减少了三分之一，这重塑了整个社会。此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，需填入关系代词which指代整个主句内容，故填which。
5.考查形容词的最高级。句意：基督教逐渐变成欧洲最大的宗教。根据“of all religions in Europe”可知，此处是形容词的最高级，故填strongest。
6.考查名词复数。句意：总的来说，东方文化指的是亚洲共有的传统。country是可数名词，此空处上文是Asian “亚洲的”，所以该处需要填名词复数，故填countries。
7.考查时态和语态。句意：与西方一样，东方文化在发展初期受到宗教的影响较大，但在发展后期又受到农业发展的影响较大。此处为but并列句的谓语，描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；“它”和“影响”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故填was influenced。
8.考查状语从句。句意：虽然不同地区的文化有所不同，但有一件事情是确定的，那就是文化一直处于变化之中。此处需要填入让步状语从句的连接词，表示“尽管”，故填Although/Though。
9. 考查固定短语。句意：德罗西说：“文化在我们这个相互联系的世界中扮演着重要的角色。”固定短语“play a role in”译为：扮演着……的角色，形容词important是以元音音素开头的词，需要填不定冠词an，故填an。
10.考查副词。 句意：文化从本质上来说是流动的，而且一直在变化。此处需要用副词修饰动词moving，故填constantly。

第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．【答案】1.hard→hardly
2.go前面加to
3.study→studying
4.them→which
5.And→ But
6.删除 had
7.disappoining→disappointment
8.many→much
9. calling→called
10.us→ourselves
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己寒假的经历。
【详解】1.考查副词。句意：时间飞逝．我刚一享受到家庭的温暖，开学的时间就到了。Hardly“几乎不”将hard改为hardly。
2.考查不定式。句意：又该回到学校了。根据固定句型：it's time to do sth. （该到做某事的时间了）可知，go前面加不定式符号to。故在go前面加to。
3.考查固定短语。句意：这个寒假，我花了十天时间学习数学，化学，物理，对我来说这些科目都能很困难。Spend …doing…故将study改为studying。
4.考查关系代词。句意：对我来说这些科目都能很困难。根据 none of them之前的逗号可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是math, chemistry and physics，因此要用none of which引导。故将them该为which。
5.考查连词。句意：但是春节期间，我仍然有一些乐趣。上段在讲学习的困难。本段在讲一些趣事，因此是转折关系，故将And改为 But。
6.考查时态。句意：我参加了舅舅的婚礼，我的舅妈很漂亮。这一段在讲寒假的经历，因此要用一般过去时，故将 had删除。
7.考查名词。句意：令我失望的是，我没有得到我期待的那么多的压岁钱。根据固定结构：“to one’s +n”(令某人怎样)可知，这里用名词disappointment。故将disappoining改为disappointment。
8.考查代词。句意：我没有得到我期待的那么多的压岁钱。Money是不可数名词，要用much修饰，故将many改为much。
9.考查过去分词。句意：我们彼此开玩笑，然后在一个叫做“红龙虾”的餐馆聚餐。call前面是一个完整的句子，因此call只能是非谓语，由于call与它修饰的词restaurant是被动关系，因此要用过去分词。故将calling改为called。
10.考查反身代词。句意：食物很好吃。我们都过得很愉快。主语是we，因此我们都过得很愉快，用英语enjoyed ourselves。故将us改为ourselves。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72．【答案】Li Ming is our monitor. He is tall, healthy and lively, and does well in all subjects. He makes a great contribution to our class. For example, he helps to maintain the discipline when our head teacher is not in. He is modest and always ready to help the classmates who are in trouble. Once I was ill, Li Ming not only took notes for me,but also helped me with my study with great patience. With the leadship of Li Ming, our class is united and everyone is friendly. I think Li Ming sets a fine example for all the students.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“A devoted classmate”为题，写一篇短文，向学校报社投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在……某方面干得好：do well in→be good at
致力于，做出贡献：make a great contribution to→devote oneself to
谦虚的：modest→inobtrusive
在困难中：be in trouble→get into trouble
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：He is tall, healthy and lively, and does well in all subjects.
拓展句：He is a tall, healthy and lively boy who does well in all subjects.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
For example, he helps to maintain the discipline when our head teacher is not in.(运用了连接副词when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]
He is modest and always ready to help the classmates who are in trouble. (运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句)