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2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷（天津卷）（原卷+解析+答题卡+无听力）
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这是一份2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷（天津卷）（原卷+解析+答题卡+无听力），文件包含2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷天津卷解析版docx、2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷天津卷原卷版docx、2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷天津卷答题卡docx等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷
（天津卷）
（解析版）
注意事项:
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共 61 小题, 共 130 分。
第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45分)
第一节:单项填空(共15 小题:每小题1分满分15分)
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例:Stand over there ______ you'll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B.
1．They certainly need a ________of the fundamentals of playing their instruments, but learning to collaborate requires understanding how these roles work together.
A．stability B．grasp C．acknowledgement D．manner
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们当然需要掌握演奏乐器的基本知识，但学会合作需要理解这些角色是如何协同工作的。A. stability坚定；B. grasp掌握、领会；C. acknowledgement承认；D. manner举止。根据空后的“of the fundamentals of playing their instruments”可知此处用a grasp of表示“掌握”，故选B。
2．The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my ________, peers, and subordinates.
A．alumni B．interns C．colleagues D．seniors
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法似乎奏效了，因为我赢得了长辈、同龄人和下属的尊重。A. alumni校友；B. interns实习生；C. colleagues同事；D. seniors长辈。根据后面peers（同龄人）and subordinates（下属），可知此处应该是“长辈”。故选D项。
3．Staying true to who we are has helped us ________the recent uncertainty we’ve faced, and will continue to be an asset as we move ahead.
A．wear away B．pull through C．call up D．turn down
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：保持本色帮助我们度过了最近面临的不确定性，并将继续成为我们前进的财富。A. wear away磨损；消磨；B. pull through渡过难关；C. call up打电话给，召集；D. turn down关小，拒绝。根据句意和句中“helped us”可知，是帮助我们度过了最近面临的不确定性，用动词短语pull through，意为“渡过难关”，符合句意。故选B项。
4．________ sharks are heavier than water, they must swim continuously or they will sink to the bottom.
A．When B．Though C．Since D．Once
【答案】C
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：由于鲨鱼比水重，它们必须不停地游泳，否则就会沉到水底。A. When当……时候；B. Though虽然；C. Since既然，由于；D. Once一旦。根据后文“sharks are heavier than water, they must swim continuously or they will sink to the bottom”说明了鲨鱼不停游泳的原因，应用since引导原因状语从句，表示“既然，由于”，故选C。
5．________ does it take to win the hearts and minds of 10 students in today's education？
A．What B．When C．How D．Why
【答案】A
【详解】考查疑问词。句意：在今天的教育中，怎样才能赢得10个学生的心？it takes sth. to do sth.是固定句式，表示做某事需要某物，用代词what来作take的宾语。when什么时候，how如何，why为什么。其他三项都是副词。故选A。
6．He spent every minute he could spare on books ________ an entrance prize to a college.
A．to win B．won C．winning D．wins
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他把能节省下来的每一分钟都花在读书上，以赢得进入大学的入学奖。词组spend... on sth.是固定搭配，spend every minute on books后接不定式作目的状语，故选A。
7．With the number of COVID-19 cases being confirmed at an increasing rate across the country, it’s natural to feel ________ and even scared.
A．discounted B．confused C．impressed D．alarmed
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着全国新冠肺炎确诊病例的增加，感到担心甚至害怕是很自然的。A. discounted已折扣的；B. confused困惑的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. alarmed担心的，害怕的。结合句意及空后的scared可知，alarmed符合语境。故选D项。
8．We should do as the proverb says—don’t ________ till tomorrow what should be done today.
A．put out B．put up C．put away D．put off
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们应该按照谚语说的去做——今天应做的事不要拖到明天。A. put out扑灭，熄灭；B. put up搭建，张贴；C. put away把……收起来；D. put off推迟。根据“what should be done today.”可知，此处表示今天应做的事不要拖到明天。故选D。
9．Darling, our son has grown up and is quite independent now, you ________ be too concerned about him.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：亲爱的，我们的儿子已经长大，完全独立了，你不必太担心他了。A. mustn't禁止，不准；B. needn't不必要；C. couldn't不能够；D. shouldn't不应该。根据“our son has grown up and is quite independent now”可知，此处表示不必要太担心儿子。故选B。
10．________ a full discussion of the problem, the committee spent a whole hour exchanging their ideas at the meeting.
A．Have B．Having C．Had D．To have
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了充分讨论这个问题，委员会在会上花了整整一个小时交换意见。分析句子结构可知，have在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故选D。
11．I am sorry that I can not meet you at the airport. I ________ Tianjin by the time you come back from abroad.
A．am leaving B．will leave C．will have left D．have left
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：对不起，我不能去机场接你。到你从国外回来的时候，我将已经离开天津了。根据“by the time you come back from abroad.”可知，主句使用将来完成时，其基本构成形式是：will have done。故选C。
12．You’d better go there by train. The train ticket is __________the airplane ticket.
A．as cheap three times as B．as three times cheap as
C．three times cheaper than D．cheaper three times than
【答案】C
【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：你最好乘火车去那儿。火车票比飞机票便宜三倍。倍数表达的三种方法：1.倍数+as…as…，2.倍数+比较级+than…，3.倍数+the size / length / width / height / age等名词+of…。three times cheaper than属于第二种表达，故选C.
13．Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Tianjin.
A．unless B．although C．until D．since
【答案】D
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：马克需要学习汉语因为他的公司要在天津开一个分公司。A. unless除非；B. although尽管；C. until直到；D. since既然，因为。根据题意，前后之间为因果关系，因为要开分公司，所以需要学习汉语。故选D。
14．After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A．providing B．provided C．having provided D．to provide
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在填完这份表格并签了字之后，请用我们提供的信封把它寄回给我们。分析可知，envelope后是定语，而provide和envelope之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故选B。
15．—It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. ________.
A．Many hands make light work B．Something is better than nothing
C．The more the merrier D．The sooner begun, the sooner done
【答案】A
【详解】考查情境对话。句意：——聚会之后，如果我们都自愿提供帮助，收拾干净，用不了多长时间。——是的，人多好办事。A. Many hands make light work人多好办事；B. Something is better than nothing有总比没有好；C. The more the merrier人越多越热闹；D. The sooner begun, the sooner done越早开始，越早完成。根据语境可知，本句是说人多力量大，人多好办事。故选A。
第二节:完形填空(共 20 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The box arrived. Inside was the sample of my company’s first product. To ____16____ the box, I used something ____17____ from my past. It was a pocket knife given by my ____18____.
Dad worked many jobs but never ____19____ much. To lead a better life, I ____20____ early that I’d go to college. Dad told me that I would need to ____21____ for it by myself, so I started doing different jobs, including ____22____ my dad at work.
At that time, my dad worked as a courier (快递员). Usually, we’d break down boxes, ____23____a pocket knife back and forth. ____24____, he gave me my own knife. It felt like a gesture of ____25____.
At 17, I earned the right to be seen as a work partner and have my own ____26____.
With the money I’d saved and my scholarships, I became the first in my family to graduate from college. ____27____, my dad couldn’t celebrate with me as he’d passed away during my second year. I came across the knife he’d given me one day. I realized then how much it ____28____: It was the jobs that helped me earn the ____29____ to get through college, which ____30____ my life.
I still keep the knife ____31____, which is why I had it that day when the ____32____arrived. I always remember the ____33____ from my dad: Make a goal and work as ____34____ as you need. He couldn’t ____35____ much, but what he did teach was priceless.
16．A．deliver B．open C．check D．keep
17．A．different B．expensive C．beautiful D．meaningful
18．A．father B．partner C．brother D．teacher
19．A．spent B．earned C．needed D．showed
20．A．discovered B．predicted C．decided D．believed
21．A．apply B．search C．pay D．ask
22．A．leaving B．visiting C．joining D．calling
23．A．moving B．waving C．carrying D．passing
24．A．Additionally B．Eventually
C．Actually D．Obviously
25．A．acceptance B．kindness C．admiration D．thanks
26．A．style B．time C．tool D．place
27．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Somehow
28．A．tried B．helped C．changed D．represented
29．A．money B．right C．pride D．knowledge
30．A．transformed B．saved C．controlled D．touched
31．A．clean B．close C．sharp D．safe
32．A．sample B．request C．news D．result
33．A．gift B．memory C．lesson D．story
34．A．carefully B．seriously C．fast D．hard
35．A．take in B．work out C．pull off D．pass on
【答案】
16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了赚钱上大学，和父亲一起做快递员的工作。父亲送了作者一把刀，让作者赢得了被视为工作伙伴的权利，并拥有自己的工具。虽然父亲在作者大二的时候就去世了，但是他教会了作者为目标努力工作的道理。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打开盒子，我用了我过去的一些有意义的东西。A. deliver递送；B. open打开；C. check检查；D. keep保持。根据后文“It was a pocket knife”可知指用刀打开盒子，故选B。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了打开盒子，我用了我过去的一些有意义的东西。A. different不同的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文可知这把刀是父亲送给作者的，所以是有意义的。故选D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我父亲给我的一把折刀。A. father父亲；B. partner伙伴；C. brother兄弟；D. teacher老师。根据后文“my dad worked as a courier . Usually, we’d break down boxes, 8 a pocket knife back and forth. 9 , he gave me my own knife. ”可知刀是父亲送的。故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸做过很多工作，但从来没挣多少钱。A. spent花费；B. earned赚的；C. needed需要；D. showed展示。根据上文“Dad worked many jobs but never”中but表示转折，可知赚钱不多。故选B。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了过上更好的生活，我很早就决定要上大学。A. discovered发现；B. predicted预测；C. decided决定；D. believed相信。根据上文“To lead a better life”以及后文“early that I’d go to college”指作者为了过上更好的生活，很早决定去上大学。故选C。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸告诉我，我得自己付学费，所以我开始做不同的工作，包括和爸爸一起工作。A. apply应用；B. search搜索；C. pay支付；D. ask询问。根据后文“for it by myself”指作者要自己支付学费。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸告诉我，我得自己付学费，所以我开始做不同的工作，包括和爸爸一起工作。A. leaving离开；B. visiting拜访；C. joining加入；D. calling打电话。根据后文“my dad at work”指作者和父亲一起工作，即加入父亲。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们会拆盒子，用小刀来回移动。A. moving移动；B. waving挥动；C. carrying搬运；D. passing通过。根据后文“a pocket knife back and forth”可知小刀来回移动来拆盒子。故选A。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他给了我自己的刀。A. Additionally另外；B. Eventually终于；C. Actually实际上；D. Obviously显然。根据后文“he gave me my own knife”可知父亲最后给了作者刀。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这感觉像是一种接受的姿态。A. acceptance接受；B. kindness善良；C. admiration钦佩；D. thanks感谢。根据后文“At 17, I earned the right to be seen as a work partner”可知父亲给作者刀是接受作者是自己的工作伙伴。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：17岁时，我赢得了被视为工作伙伴的权利，并拥有自己的工具。A. style风格；B. time时间；C. tool工具；D. place地方。根据上文“he gave me my own knife”可知作者有了自己的工作工具。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的父亲不能和我一起庆祝，因为他在我大二就去世了。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Besides此外；D. Somehow不知怎么。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. tried尝试；B. helped帮助；C. changed改变；D. represented代表。根据上文“I realized then how much it”可知，此处指这把刀背后代表的重要意义，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. money钱；B. right权利；C. pride自豪；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“get through college”可知，是工作帮助作者挣钱读完大学，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. transformed转变；B. saved拯救；C. controlled控制；D. touched触碰。上大学改变了作者的生活，让作者不必像父亲那样辛苦。故选A。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然让刀保持锋利，这就是为什么当样品到达的那天我要用它。A. clean干净的；B. close近的；C. sharp锋利的；D. safe安全的。结合常识，多使用刀是为了让它保持锋利。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然让刀保持锋利，这就是为什么当样品到达的那天我要用它。A. sample样品；B. request要求；C. news新闻；D. result结果。呼应第一段“Inside was the sample of my company’s first product.”指样品到达。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得父亲给我的经验教训：定一个目标，然后努力工作。A. gift礼物；B. memory记忆；C. lesson经验教训，课程；D. story故事。根据后文“what he did teach was priceless”可知，指父亲教给作者的经验教训。故选C。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得父亲给我的经验教训：定一个目标，然后努力工作。A. carefully仔细地；B. seriously严肃地；C. fast快速地；D. hard努力地。根据上文“Make a goal and work as”可知制定目标就要去努力为之工作。故选D。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他传授得不多，但他所教的是无价之宝。A. take in理解；B. work out解决；C. pull off赢得，完成；D. pass on传授，传递。根据后文“much, but what he did teach was priceless”此处指父亲传授给作者的人生经验，虽然不多，但是无价。故选D。
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When CAST AWAY producers wanted a survival consultant for Tom Hank’s tropical island scenes, they came to BOSS. When National Geographic Explorer wanted to film outdoor survival with industry experts, they came to BOSS. And when people feel the desire to learn traditional skills and explore the wilderness without dependence on modern equipment…they come to BOSS.
Since 1968, the Boulder Outdoor Survival School, the oldest and largest survival school in the world --- known to most simply as BOSS --- has delivered life-changing, wilderness-based experiences to adventurous people all over the world. Based out of corporate headquarters in Boulder, Colorado, we have a field office in Southern Utah’s small town of Boulder.
BOSS Courses range from 1 to 28 days in length in Utah, Colorado, and Mexico, and students range from 18 to 70 years old. Courses include field courses, skills courses, explorer courses, and custom courses. One of the reasons BOSS classes are small is to ensure that quality is maintained and that each person is given our full attention.
At BOSS, we recognize that the quality of your experience depends on the quality of your instructors. All instructors are selected for their sound judgment, strong leadership, interpersonal and communicative skills, and their broad knowledge of traditional living crafts and arts. And all instructors are offered a series of refresher-courses each year to help keep all relevant skills in top form.
True, you may never need to know how to make fire from sticks, or how to build shelters from leaves, but there is a part of all of us that benefit from this knowledge. It is only with this understanding of “primitive” philosophies and the wilderness that our culture can successfully move forward. If you are interested in walking along these paths of ancient wisdom and skill, we look forward to seeing you on the trail with us at BOSS.
36．The examples of CAST AWAY and National Geographic Explorer are given at the beginning to ________.
A．attract the readers’ attention
B．advocate the film and the magazine
C．emphasize the good facilities of the school
D．demonstrate the goal of the training courses
37．The advertisement is designed for those ________.
A．who like natural scenery B．who like wilderness adventure
C．who like rock climbing D．who enjoy the quiet life
38．An instructor is required to ________.
A．have a good voice B．have a good ability to estimate
C．be of good nature D．handle the emergency on his own
39．Which of the following is TRUE of the Boulder Outdoor Survival School?
A．The school is the oldest outdoor sports school in the field.
B．Its courses are offered in large classes.
C．Its all instructors are requested to take instruction courses annually to learn about new techniques and developments in the field.
D．Its courses can last over two months.
40．Why are students given lessons in small classes?
A．Because BOSS wants to ensure the teaching quality.
B．Because the classroom is too small.
C．Because there are not enough students.
D．Because they want to ensure safety.
【答案】36．A 37．B 38．B 39．C 40．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍一则野外生存训练学校的招生广告。
36．推理判读题。根据第一段“When CAST AWAY producers wanted a survival consultant for Tom Hank’s tropical island scenes, they came to BOSS. When National Geographic Explorer wanted to film outdoor survival with industry experts, they came to BOSS. ”（当《荒岛余生》的制片人想为汤姆·汉克的热带岛屿场景找一个生存顾问时，他们找到了BOSS。当国家地理探险者想要与行业专家一起拍摄户外生存时，他们来到了BOSS）可知，本文是一则野外生存训练学校的招生广告，所以第一段的所给的这两个例子都是为了吸引读者的兴趣和注意力。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“And when people feel the desire to learn traditional skills and explore the wilderness without dependence on modern equipment…they come to BOSS.（当人们渴望学习传统技能、探索荒野而不依赖现代设备时，他们就会来找BOSS。）”可知，这则广告是给渴望学习传统技能、探索荒野而不依赖现代设备的人设计的。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句话“All instructors are selected for their sound judgment, strong leadership, interpersonal and communicative skills, and their broad knowledge of traditional living crafts and arts.（所有教员都是根据其良好的判断力、强大的领导力、人际交往和沟通能力，以及对传统生活工艺和艺术的广泛了解而选择的。）”可知，所有的教员都需要具备多种技能，其中包括良好的判断力、强大的领导力、人际交往和沟通能力等，所以可推知一个教师需要有很好的估计能力。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“And all instructors are offered a series of refresher-courses each year to help keep all relevant skills in top form.（所有教员每年都会接受一系列的进修课程，以帮助保持所有相关技能处于最佳状态。）”可知，它的所有教员都被要求每年参加指导课程，以了解该领域的新技术和发展。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段倒数最后一句话“One of the reasons BOSS classes are small is to ensure that quality is maintained and that each person is given our full attention.（BOSS课程采用小班课模式的原因之一是为了确保质量得到保持，每个人都得到了我们的充分关注。）”可知，Boss采用小班课的形式是为了确保教学质量，使每个人得到充分关注。故选A。
B
My mother loves flowers. As soon as warm weather comes around, you will find her planting, watering and weeding over everything. For many years we lived next door to each other, and she spent as much time in my garden as she did her own. After the flowers became plentiful each summer, she would cut colorful bouquets (花束) to enjoy inside the house — both hers and mine. I would often come home from work and find a beautiful arrangement (布置) of fresh flowers on my coffee table.
Shortly before Christmas one year, a local flower shop offered a bouquet a month special. It seemed to be a great way to thank her for all of the flowers she had given me through the years.
After the holidays, in early January, I drove her to the flower shop to pick up her first month’s bouquet. The small fresh colorful bouquet would hardly fill a small vase (花瓶).
I was so embarrassed. However, after we returned home, she began to arrange the flowers she had received. “Mom, I’m sorry,” I told her. “I can’t believe how skimpy that bouquet is.” She looked at me and smiled. “It’s okay,” she said. “It allows me to better enjoy the beauty of each one.”
Mom’s words helped me to realize something bigger and more important — when we have too many good things, we often fail to enjoy the beauty of each one.
Thanks, Mom, for helping me understand that less is sometimes more.
41．According to Paragraph 1, which of the following is TRUE?
A．The author’s mother usually bought flowers for her daughter.
B．The author used to buy some fresh flowers on her way home.
C．The author’s mother put fresh flowers on the author’s coffee table.
D．The author and her mother shared a beautiful garden.
42．The author bought her mother flowers to________.
A．bring more flowers to her mother’s garden
B．express thanks for all her mother’s done
C．celebrate the coming Christmas
D．arrange her mother’s new house
43．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The mother was not happy when receiving the bouquet.
B．The author couldn’t afford a big bouquet.
C．The mother would send back the bouquet to the flower shop.
D．The author would pick up another bouquet the next month.
44．The underlined word “skimpy” in Para.4 means ________.
A．beautiful B．colorful C．cheap D．small
45．What did the author learn from her mother?
A．How to grow flowers. B．How to arrange flowers.
C．Enjoying life if possible. D．Considering things in other ways.
【答案】41．C 42．B 43．D 44．D 45．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者给母亲送花的事情，让作者明白了“少有时就是多” 的道理。
41．细节理解题。由第一段句子“I would often come home from work and find a beautiful arrangement (布置) of fresh flowers on my coffee table.我经常下班回家，发现咖啡桌上摆满了美丽的鲜花”可知，作者的母亲经常会在作者的咖啡桌上摆鲜花。可以判断选项C符合题意。故选C项。
42．细节理解题。由第二段中的句子“It seemed to be a great way to thank her for all of the flowers she had given me through the years.这似乎是一种很好的方式来感谢她这些年来送给我的花”可知，作者是想感谢母亲。所以B选项“express thanks for all her mother’s done表达对母亲所做事情的感谢之情”符合题意。故选B项。
43．推理判断题。由文章句子“It seemed to be a great way to thank her for all of the flowers she had given me through the years.这似乎是一种很好的方式来感谢她这些年来送给我的花”可知，作者认为送花是感谢母亲的好方式。再结合文章句子“I drove her to the flower shop to pick up her first month’s bouquet.我开车送她去花店拿她第一个月的花束”可以推测，作者在下个月还会给母亲买花。所以选项D符合题意。故选D项。
44．词义猜测题。由文中句子“The small fresh colorful bouquet would hardly fill a small vase (花瓶).一束鲜艳的小花束很难填满一个小花瓶”可知，作者买的的花“太小”，这让她很尴尬。所以可以猜测出划线词的意思是“太小”。故选D项。
45．推理判断题。通过送花这件事，作者悟出一个道理“when we have too many good things, we often fail to enjoy the beauty of each one.当我们拥有太多美好的东西时，我们往往无法享受每一件事物的美丽”可知，作者认为即使有时拥有的东西很少，也要学会换位思考，学会享受它的美。所以D选项“Considering things in other ways.从其他方面考虑问题”符合题意。故选D项。
【点睛】故事类文章是通过记叙一件事来表达中心思想的，它是文章的灵魂。归纳文章中心思想时，尤其要分析文章的结尾，因为很多文章卒章显志，用简短的议论、抒情揭示文章中心；文章中议论抒情的句子往往与中心密切相关；也有的文章需要在结合概括各段大意的基础上归纳中心。另外，叙述一件事必有其目的，或阐明某一观点，或赞美某种品德，或抨击某种陋习，这就要求我们在阅读时，通过对细节的理解，把握作者的态度。如第1小题，细节理解题。由第一段句子“I would often come home from work and find a beautiful arrangement (布置) of fresh flowers on my coffee table.我经常下班回家，发现咖啡桌上摆满了美丽的鲜花”可知，作者的母亲经常会在作者的咖啡桌上摆鲜花。可以判断选项C符合题意。故选C项。
C
“You’re going to the United States to live? How wonderful! You’re really lucky!”
Does this sound familiar? Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But does it seem true all the time? Is your life in this new country always wonderful and exciting? A great many facts show that it’s not easy for newcomers to adjust to life in a new culture. They have to experience culture shock.
What causes culture shock? Maybe the weather is unpleasant. Perhaps the customs are different. Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone, post office, or transportation are difficult to figure out and you make mistakes. The simplest things seem difficult. The language may be difficult. The food may seem strange to you. If you don’t look similar to the natives, you may feel strange. You may feel as if everyone is watching you. In fact, you are always watching yourself.
Everyone experiences culture shock in some form or another. But culture shock comes as a surprise to most people. A lot of the time, the people with the worst culture shock are the people who never had any difficulties in their own countries.
They were active and successful in their community. They had hobbies or pastimes which they enjoyed. When they come to a new country, they do not have the same positions or hobbies as they already had in their countries. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.
Culture shock produces a feeling of disorientation (迷惘), which may be homesickness, imagined illness, or even paranoia (妄想). When people feel the disorientation of culture shock, they sometimes feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to familiarize the person more with the culture. Familiarity and experience are the long-term ways to settle the problem of culture shock.
46．Who is the passage mainly for?
A．The family and friends of those who came to the US.
B．Those who have got rid of culture shock.
C．People who have just moved to a foreign country.
D．People who can easily adjust their life in the US.
47．The underlined part “you are always watching yourself” (in Paragraph 3) means ________.
A．you are always feeling homesick
B．you are always worried too much about yourself
C．you are always looking at yourself in the mirror
D．you are always nervous about meeting other people
48．Which of the following would be a case of culture shock for newcomers?
A．They have trouble using public telephones.
B．Their positions or hobbies stay the same.
C．They are active and successful in the new community.
D．They have got used to the life in the new country.
49．Which of the following may cause newcomers to lack a sense of security?
A．A new identity. B．Local food.
C．A new self-image. D．Strange environment.
50．The best way for the newcomers to overcome culture shock is ________.
A．to stay inside to protect themselves
B．to make a study of new hobbies
C．to adapt themselves to the new environment
D．to ask people for help when having difficulties
【答案】46．C 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来到异国他乡，应如何克服文化冲突，适应新环境。
46．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A great many facts show that it’s not easy for newcomers to adjust to life in a new culture. They have to experience culture shock.(大量的事实表明，对于新来者来说，适应一种新的文化是不容易的。他们必须经历文化冲击。)”可知，这篇文章是写给那些刚移居国外的人。故选C。
47．词句猜测题。根据上文“If you don’t look similar to the natives, you may feel strange. You may feel as if everyone is watching you.( 如果你看起来和当地人不一样，你可能会觉得很奇怪。你可能会觉得每个人都在看着你。)”可知，这种感觉是因为对自己的过度担心而造成的。“you are always watching yourself”意为“你总是太担心自己了”。故选B。
48．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone, post office, or transportation are difficult to figure out and you make mistakes.(也许公共服务系统，如电话、邮局或交通系统，是很难弄清楚的，你犯了错误。)”可知，对新来的人来说他们在使用公共电话方面遇到了困难是一种文化冲击。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security.( 他们想要保护自己不受陌生环境的伤害。他们想在自己的房间里创造一个逃脱的地方，给自己一种安全感。)”可知，陌生的环境可能会导致新来者缺乏安全感。故选D。
50．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Familiarity and experience are the long-term ways to settle the problem of culture shock.(熟悉和经验是解决文化冲击问题的长期途径。)”可知，对于新来者来说，克服文化冲击的最好方法就是让自己适应新的环境。故选C。
D
Kindergarten represents a crucial environment in which children develop school-related skills and patterns of engagement. They form the basis for the development of later competence which is important for academic success. As for later academic skills, kindergarten achievements have been found to have great predictive value.
Given the long-lasting effects that kindergarten experiences have on later schooling, it is important to understand the factors associated with children's learning and motivation during this time. The quality of teacher-student interaction has been found to be important in terms of many different academic and socio-emotional outcomes. However, much of the previous work in the field has focused on children in later grades in elementary school and has been conducted in the United States. Fewer studies have been conducted in other educational environments and in kindergarten specifically.
Some researchers investigated bidirectional links between the quality of teacher-child relationships and children’s interest and pre-academic skills in literacy and math in Finland. Participants were 461 Finnish kindergarteners (6-year-olds) and 48 teachers.
The results indicated that teacher-perceived(教师感知的)conflicts predicted children’s lower pre-academic skills in both literacy and math. It is possible that when children experience conflicts with teachers, the negative emotions attached to these conflicts are harmful to children’s engagement in learning and curtail their interest in academic tasks. It’s also possible that children experiencing conflicts are missing out on time for learning literacy and math, either because they become separated from instructional activities or because teachers have to spend more instructional time on behavioral management.
The findings highlight the importance of kindergarten teachers being aware of how their relationships with children can influence children’s later schooling. Therefore, it would be important to develop pre-service and in-service programs and interventions to help teachers. Teacher education programs may also benefit teachers not only in academic content and peda-gogical (教育学的)practices but also in strategies used to build supportive relationships with children.
51．What do we learn about kindergarten achievements?
A．They’re closely related to kids’ personalities.
B．They greatly affect kids’ later academic skills.
C．They largely depend on the teachers' competence.
D．They’re mainly about kids’ problem-solving abilities.
52．From Paragraph 2, we know that the quality of teacher-student interaction in kindergarten ______ .
A．has drawn little attention from researchers
B．has been considered very important by teachers
C．has resulted from specific educational environments
D．has formed the basis of many good socio-emotional outcomes
53．What does the underlined word “curtail” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Develop. B．Maintain. C．Reduce. D．Assess.
54．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the last paragraph?
A．To promote the educational programs among kindergarten teachers.
B．To explain the benefits of carrying out pedagogical practices.
C．To call on kids to build up good relationships with teachers.
D．To highlight the importance of kindergarten teachers.
55．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The significance of developing kids' school-related skills.
B．The necessity of improving teachers' academic competence.
C．The ways of reducing teacher-student conflicts in kindergarten.
D．The influence of teacher-student interaction in kindergarten on kids.
【答案】51．B 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍研究结果，讲述了幼儿园师生互动对幼儿的影响。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Kindergarten represents a crucial environment in which children develop school-related skills and patterns of engagement. They form the basis for the development of later competence which is important for academic success. (幼儿园是儿童发展学校相关技能和参与模式的关键环境。它们构成了日后能力发展的基础，而这对学术上的成功至关重要。)”可以推知，幼儿园的成就会极大地影响孩子以后的学术技能。故选B项。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The quality of teacher-student interaction has been found to be important in terms of many different academic and socio-emotional outcomes. (师生互动的质量已经被发现在许多不同的学术和社会情感结果方面是重要的。)”以及“Fewer studies have been conducted in other educational environments and in kindergarten specifically.( 在其他教育环境中进行的研究较少，特别是在幼儿园。)”可知，针对幼儿园的师生互动的质量没有引起研究者的太多注意。故选A项。
53．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“The results indicated that teacher-perceived conflicts predicted children's lower pre-academic skills in both literacy and math. (结果表明，教师感知到的冲突预示着孩子较低的学前读写和数学技能。)”说明冲突会使孩子降低学习技能，从而推知划线词句“It is possible that when children experience conflicts with teachers, the negative emotions attached to these conflicts are harmful to children’s engagement in learning and curtail their interest in academic tasks (当孩子们与老师发生冲突时，这些冲突带来的负面情绪可能会伤害孩子们对学习的参与度并且curtail他们对学术任务的兴趣。)”大意为：冲突带来的负面情绪不利于孩子们的学习，会“降低”他们的学习兴趣。选项C“减少”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。
54．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore, it would be important to develop pre-service and in-service programs and interventions to help teachers. Teacher education programs may also benefit teachers not only in academic content and peda-gogical (教育学的)practices but also in strategies used to build supportive relationships with children. (因此，制定职前和职中计划和干预措施来帮助教师是很重要的。教师教育项目也可能使教师受益，不仅在学术内容和教学实践方面，而且在与儿童建立支持性关系的策略方面。)”可知，本段写作目的是在幼儿园老师中推广教育项目。故选A项。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“The findings highlight the importance of kindergarten teachers being aware of how their relationships with children can influence children’s later schooling. (研究结果强调了幼儿园教师意识到他们与孩子的关系会如何影响孩子以后的教育的重要性。)”等内容可知，本文主要讲述幼儿园师生互动对幼儿的影响。故选D项。
第三部分:写作
第一节:阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
69-year-old Xia Boyu recently became the oldest double amputee (双侧截肢者) to climb Mount Qomolangma. That is amazing, but even what is more impressive is the fact that he did it after he tried four times.
Xia Boyu’s first try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma was in 1975, as part of an expedition (远征) by the Chinese Government. With only 250 meters to go from reaching the top, the team was stopped by bad weather. To make sure that everyone made it back alive, the team decided to turn back and finish their dream another time.
On the way, Xia Boyu gave his sleeping bag to one of his teammates who was in worse shape than him. Unluckily, this selfless act made him lose both his feet to frostbite (冻伤).
In 1996, Xia Boyu got cancer. But it also didn’t stop the mountain climber from realizing his dream of climbing the world’s highest peak. “Climbing Mount Qomolangma is my dream, ” Xia said. “I have to realize it. It also stands for a personal challenge, a challenge of fate. ”
Over twenty years after losing his feet, Xia Boyu trained to get his body ready for another try at climbing Mount Qomolangma. In 2014, he tried again, but finally had to turn back because of bad weather. The same thing happened the following year, as well as in 2016.
In 2018, Xia Boyu finally reached the top of Mount Qomolangma on his fifth try. He thus became only the second double amputee to climb the world’s highest mountain top, after Mark Inglis from New Zealand, who did it in 2006, and the first to do it from the Nepal (尼泊尔) side.
Answer the following questions with no more than 7 words.
56．How many times did Xia Boyu try to climb Mount Qomolangma?
_________________________________________________________________
57．Who is the first double amputee to climb the world’s highest mountain top?
_________________________________________________________________
58．When was Xia Boyu’s first try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma?
_________________________________________________________________
59．Why did Xia Boyu give up trying while climbing Mount Qomolangma in 2014?
_________________________________________________________________
60．What happened to him after Xia Boyu gave his sleeping bag to his teammate?
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】56．He tried five times. 57．Mark Inglis (from New Zealand). 58．In 1975 59．Because of bad weather. 60．He lost (both) his feet to frostbite.
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了夏伯渝不断尝试登上珠穆朗玛峰的经历。终于在2018年，69岁的截肢者夏伯渝用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，向世界展示了梦想的力量。这告诉我们：实现梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，只与自己坚定的信念有关。
56．考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“That is amazing, but even what is more impressive is the fact that he did it after he tried four times.（这是惊人的，但更令人印象深刻的是，他是在尝试了四次之后才做到的。）”以及根据最后一段第一句“In 2018, Xia Boyu finally reached the top of Mount Qomolangma on his fifth try.（2018年，夏伯玉第五次尝试成功登顶珠峰。）”可知，夏伯渝尝试了五次后成登顶珠峰。故答案为He tried five times。
57．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“In 2018, Xia Boyu finally reached the top of Mount Qomolangma on his fifth try. He thus became only the second double amputee to climb the world’s highest mountain top, after Mark Inglis from New Zealand, who did it in 2006, and the first to do it from the Nepal (尼泊尔) side.（2018年，夏伯渝第五次登顶珠穆朗玛峰。因此，他成为继新西兰的Mark Inglis之后第二位登上世界最高峰的双腿截肢者，Mark Inglis于2006年登上世界最高峰，他也是第一位从尼泊尔一侧登上世界最高峰的截肢者。）”可知，来自新西兰的Mark Inglis是第一位登上世界最高峰的双腿截肢者。故答案为Mark Inglis (from New Zealand)。
58．考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“Xia Boyu’s first try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma was in 1975, as part of an expedition (远征) by the Chinese Government. （1975年，作为中国政府探险队的一员，夏伯渝首次尝试登顶珠峰。）”可知，1975年夏伯渝第一次尝试登顶珠峰。故答案为In 1975。
59．考查细节理解。根据第五段第二句“In 2014, he tried again, but finally had to turn back because of bad weather.（2014年，他再次尝试，但最终由于天气恶劣不得不折返。）”可知，由于天气原因夏伯渝放弃尝试攀登珠峰。故答案为Because of bad weather。
60．考查细节理解。根据第三段内容“On the way, Xia Boyu gave his sleeping bag to one of his teammates who was in worse shape than him. Unluckily, this selfless act made him lose both his feet to frostbite (冻伤).（在路上，夏伯渝把睡袋给了他的队友，他的身体状况比他差。不幸的是，这种无私的行为使他被冻伤失去了双脚。）”可知，夏伯渝把睡袋给了队友之后，他被冻伤失去了双脚。故答案为He lost (both) his feet to frostbite。
第二节 开放性作文（满分25分）
61. 假设你是新星中学的学生李津。不久前你的英国笔友Mark通过网络看到北京冬奥会开幕式的一些片段，非常感兴趣，发邮件向你询问具体情况。请你回复对方，简要介绍相关情况。主要内容包括：
（1）简要介绍开幕式情况（时间、地点、特色等）；
（2）谈谈给你印象最深的一个或两个方面；
（3）观众的反响和你的感受。
注意：
（1）请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）词数不少于100，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：Beginning of Spring立春 the 24 solar terms24节气 count down倒计时
Dear Mark，
It’s great to know that you’re interested in the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games, I’m so glad to _________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mark，
It’s great to know that you’re interested in the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games and I’m so glad to introduce some amazing details.
The opening ceremony fell on 4th February, the Chinese “Beginning of Spring”, which is the first of the 24 solar terms of the year. So it began with the countdown to the solar terms, leaving people amazed at Chinese culture.
The opening ceremony uses creativity and technology to achieve a beautiful visual effect, stressing the spirit shared by all mankind. The most impressive is that when small snowflakes representing each participate country joined together to form a big one, the audience present all cheered for the spirit it carried.
The whole opening ceremony gave me the overall feeling of “simplicity, safety and brilliance” just as the requirements of our winter Olympic Games. The most important is that it shows our best wish of “together for the future” to all people around the world.
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mark写信，简要介绍北京冬奥会开幕式的相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
惊讶的：amazed→astonished
以……开始：begin with→start with
重要的：important→significant
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The opening ceremony uses creativity and technology to achieve a beautiful visual effect, stressing the spirit shared by all mankind.
拓展句：The opening ceremony uses creativity and technology to achieve a beautiful visual effect, stressing the spirit which is shared by all mankind.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The opening ceremony fell on 4th February, the Chinese “Beginning of Spring”, which is the first of the 24 solar terms of the year.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
The most important is that it shows our best wish of “together for the future” to all people around the world.(that引导表语从句)
2023年高考英语考场仿真演练卷
（天津卷）
（解析版）
注意事项:
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共 61 小题, 共 130 分。
第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45分)
第一节:单项填空(共15 小题:每小题1分满分15分)
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例:Stand over there ______ you'll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B.
1．They certainly need a ________of the fundamentals of playing their instruments, but learning to collaborate requires understanding how these roles work together.
A．stability B．grasp C．acknowledgement D．manner
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们当然需要掌握演奏乐器的基本知识，但学会合作需要理解这些角色是如何协同工作的。A. stability坚定；B. grasp掌握、领会；C. acknowledgement承认；D. manner举止。根据空后的“of the fundamentals of playing their instruments”可知此处用a grasp of表示“掌握”，故选B。
2．The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my ________, peers, and subordinates.
A．alumni B．interns C．colleagues D．seniors
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法似乎奏效了，因为我赢得了长辈、同龄人和下属的尊重。A. alumni校友；B. interns实习生；C. colleagues同事；D. seniors长辈。根据后面peers（同龄人）and subordinates（下属），可知此处应该是“长辈”。故选D项。
3．Staying true to who we are has helped us ________the recent uncertainty we’ve faced, and will continue to be an asset as we move ahead.
A．wear away B．pull through C．call up D．turn down
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：保持本色帮助我们度过了最近面临的不确定性，并将继续成为我们前进的财富。A. wear away磨损；消磨；B. pull through渡过难关；C. call up打电话给，召集；D. turn down关小，拒绝。根据句意和句中“helped us”可知，是帮助我们度过了最近面临的不确定性，用动词短语pull through，意为“渡过难关”，符合句意。故选B项。
4．________ sharks are heavier than water, they must swim continuously or they will sink to the bottom.
A．When B．Though C．Since D．Once
【答案】C
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：由于鲨鱼比水重，它们必须不停地游泳，否则就会沉到水底。A. When当……时候；B. Though虽然；C. Since既然，由于；D. Once一旦。根据后文“sharks are heavier than water, they must swim continuously or they will sink to the bottom”说明了鲨鱼不停游泳的原因，应用since引导原因状语从句，表示“既然，由于”，故选C。
5．________ does it take to win the hearts and minds of 10 students in today's education？
A．What B．When C．How D．Why
【答案】A
【详解】考查疑问词。句意：在今天的教育中，怎样才能赢得10个学生的心？it takes sth. to do sth.是固定句式，表示做某事需要某物，用代词what来作take的宾语。when什么时候，how如何，why为什么。其他三项都是副词。故选A。
6．He spent every minute he could spare on books ________ an entrance prize to a college.
A．to win B．won C．winning D．wins
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他把能节省下来的每一分钟都花在读书上，以赢得进入大学的入学奖。词组spend... on sth.是固定搭配，spend every minute on books后接不定式作目的状语，故选A。
7．With the number of COVID-19 cases being confirmed at an increasing rate across the country, it’s natural to feel ________ and even scared.
A．discounted B．confused C．impressed D．alarmed
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着全国新冠肺炎确诊病例的增加，感到担心甚至害怕是很自然的。A. discounted已折扣的；B. confused困惑的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. alarmed担心的，害怕的。结合句意及空后的scared可知，alarmed符合语境。故选D项。
8．We should do as the proverb says—don’t ________ till tomorrow what should be done today.
A．put out B．put up C．put away D．put off
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们应该按照谚语说的去做——今天应做的事不要拖到明天。A. put out扑灭，熄灭；B. put up搭建，张贴；C. put away把……收起来；D. put off推迟。根据“what should be done today.”可知，此处表示今天应做的事不要拖到明天。故选D。
9．Darling, our son has grown up and is quite independent now, you ________ be too concerned about him.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：亲爱的，我们的儿子已经长大，完全独立了，你不必太担心他了。A. mustn't禁止，不准；B. needn't不必要；C. couldn't不能够；D. shouldn't不应该。根据“our son has grown up and is quite independent now”可知，此处表示不必要太担心儿子。故选B。
10．________ a full discussion of the problem, the committee spent a whole hour exchanging their ideas at the meeting.
A．Have B．Having C．Had D．To have
【答案】D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了充分讨论这个问题，委员会在会上花了整整一个小时交换意见。分析句子结构可知，have在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故选D。
11．I am sorry that I can not meet you at the airport. I ________ Tianjin by the time you come back from abroad.
A．am leaving B．will leave C．will have left D．have left
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：对不起，我不能去机场接你。到你从国外回来的时候，我将已经离开天津了。根据“by the time you come back from abroad.”可知，主句使用将来完成时，其基本构成形式是：will have done。故选C。
12．You’d better go there by train. The train ticket is __________the airplane ticket.
A．as cheap three times as B．as three times cheap as
C．three times cheaper than D．cheaper three times than
【答案】C
【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：你最好乘火车去那儿。火车票比飞机票便宜三倍。倍数表达的三种方法：1.倍数+as…as…，2.倍数+比较级+than…，3.倍数+the size / length / width / height / age等名词+of…。three times cheaper than属于第二种表达，故选C.
13．Mark needs to learn Chinese ________ his company is opening a branch in Tianjin.
A．unless B．although C．until D．since
【答案】D
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：马克需要学习汉语因为他的公司要在天津开一个分公司。A. unless除非；B. although尽管；C. until直到；D. since既然，因为。根据题意，前后之间为因果关系，因为要开分公司，所以需要学习汉语。故选D。
14．After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A．providing B．provided C．having provided D．to provide
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在填完这份表格并签了字之后，请用我们提供的信封把它寄回给我们。分析可知，envelope后是定语，而provide和envelope之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故选B。
15．—It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
—That’s right. ________.
A．Many hands make light work B．Something is better than nothing
C．The more the merrier D．The sooner begun, the sooner done
【答案】A
【详解】考查情境对话。句意：——聚会之后，如果我们都自愿提供帮助，收拾干净，用不了多长时间。——是的，人多好办事。A. Many hands make light work人多好办事；B. Something is better than nothing有总比没有好；C. The more the merrier人越多越热闹；D. The sooner begun, the sooner done越早开始，越早完成。根据语境可知，本句是说人多力量大，人多好办事。故选A。
第二节:完形填空(共 20 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16~35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The box arrived. Inside was the sample of my company’s first product. To ____16____ the box, I used something ____17____ from my past. It was a pocket knife given by my ____18____.
Dad worked many jobs but never ____19____ much. To lead a better life, I ____20____ early that I’d go to college. Dad told me that I would need to ____21____ for it by myself, so I started doing different jobs, including ____22____ my dad at work.
At that time, my dad worked as a courier (快递员). Usually, we’d break down boxes, ____23____a pocket knife back and forth. ____24____, he gave me my own knife. It felt like a gesture of ____25____.
At 17, I earned the right to be seen as a work partner and have my own ____26____.
With the money I’d saved and my scholarships, I became the first in my family to graduate from college. ____27____, my dad couldn’t celebrate with me as he’d passed away during my second year. I came across the knife he’d given me one day. I realized then how much it ____28____: It was the jobs that helped me earn the ____29____ to get through college, which ____30____ my life.
I still keep the knife ____31____, which is why I had it that day when the ____32____arrived. I always remember the ____33____ from my dad: Make a goal and work as ____34____ as you need. He couldn’t ____35____ much, but what he did teach was priceless.
16．A．deliver B．open C．check D．keep
17．A．different B．expensive C．beautiful D．meaningful
18．A．father B．partner C．brother D．teacher
19．A．spent B．earned C．needed D．showed
20．A．discovered B．predicted C．decided D．believed
21．A．apply B．search C．pay D．ask
22．A．leaving B．visiting C．joining D．calling
23．A．moving B．waving C．carrying D．passing
24．A．Additionally B．Eventually
C．Actually D．Obviously
25．A．acceptance B．kindness C．admiration D．thanks
26．A．style B．time C．tool D．place
27．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Somehow
28．A．tried B．helped C．changed D．represented
29．A．money B．right C．pride D．knowledge
30．A．transformed B．saved C．controlled D．touched
31．A．clean B．close C．sharp D．safe
32．A．sample B．request C．news D．result
33．A．gift B．memory C．lesson D．story
34．A．carefully B．seriously C．fast D．hard
35．A．take in B．work out C．pull off D．pass on
【答案】
16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为了赚钱上大学，和父亲一起做快递员的工作。父亲送了作者一把刀，让作者赢得了被视为工作伙伴的权利，并拥有自己的工具。虽然父亲在作者大二的时候就去世了，但是他教会了作者为目标努力工作的道理。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了打开盒子，我用了我过去的一些有意义的东西。A. deliver递送；B. open打开；C. check检查；D. keep保持。根据后文“It was a pocket knife”可知指用刀打开盒子，故选B。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了打开盒子，我用了我过去的一些有意义的东西。A. different不同的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文可知这把刀是父亲送给作者的，所以是有意义的。故选D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我父亲给我的一把折刀。A. father父亲；B. partner伙伴；C. brother兄弟；D. teacher老师。根据后文“my dad worked as a courier . Usually, we’d break down boxes, 8 a pocket knife back and forth. 9 , he gave me my own knife. ”可知刀是父亲送的。故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸做过很多工作，但从来没挣多少钱。A. spent花费；B. earned赚的；C. needed需要；D. showed展示。根据上文“Dad worked many jobs but never”中but表示转折，可知赚钱不多。故选B。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了过上更好的生活，我很早就决定要上大学。A. discovered发现；B. predicted预测；C. decided决定；D. believed相信。根据上文“To lead a better life”以及后文“early that I’d go to college”指作者为了过上更好的生活，很早决定去上大学。故选C。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸告诉我，我得自己付学费，所以我开始做不同的工作，包括和爸爸一起工作。A. apply应用；B. search搜索；C. pay支付；D. ask询问。根据后文“for it by myself”指作者要自己支付学费。故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸告诉我，我得自己付学费，所以我开始做不同的工作，包括和爸爸一起工作。A. leaving离开；B. visiting拜访；C. joining加入；D. calling打电话。根据后文“my dad at work”指作者和父亲一起工作，即加入父亲。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，我们会拆盒子，用小刀来回移动。A. moving移动；B. waving挥动；C. carrying搬运；D. passing通过。根据后文“a pocket knife back and forth”可知小刀来回移动来拆盒子。故选A。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他给了我自己的刀。A. Additionally另外；B. Eventually终于；C. Actually实际上；D. Obviously显然。根据后文“he gave me my own knife”可知父亲最后给了作者刀。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这感觉像是一种接受的姿态。A. acceptance接受；B. kindness善良；C. admiration钦佩；D. thanks感谢。根据后文“At 17, I earned the right to be seen as a work partner”可知父亲给作者刀是接受作者是自己的工作伙伴。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：17岁时，我赢得了被视为工作伙伴的权利，并拥有自己的工具。A. style风格；B. time时间；C. tool工具；D. place地方。根据上文“he gave me my own knife”可知作者有了自己的工作工具。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的父亲不能和我一起庆祝，因为他在我大二就去世了。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Besides此外；D. Somehow不知怎么。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. tried尝试；B. helped帮助；C. changed改变；D. represented代表。根据上文“I realized then how much it”可知，此处指这把刀背后代表的重要意义，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. money钱；B. right权利；C. pride自豪；D. knowledge知识。根据后文“get through college”可知，是工作帮助作者挣钱读完大学，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到它意义重大：是工作帮助我挣钱读完大学，改变了我的生活。A. transformed转变；B. saved拯救；C. controlled控制；D. touched触碰。上大学改变了作者的生活，让作者不必像父亲那样辛苦。故选A。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然让刀保持锋利，这就是为什么当样品到达的那天我要用它。A. clean干净的；B. close近的；C. sharp锋利的；D. safe安全的。结合常识，多使用刀是为了让它保持锋利。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然让刀保持锋利，这就是为什么当样品到达的那天我要用它。A. sample样品；B. request要求；C. news新闻；D. result结果。呼应第一段“Inside was the sample of my company’s first product.”指样品到达。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得父亲给我的经验教训：定一个目标，然后努力工作。A. gift礼物；B. memory记忆；C. lesson经验教训，课程；D. story故事。根据后文“what he did teach was priceless”可知，指父亲教给作者的经验教训。故选C。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直记得父亲给我的经验教训：定一个目标，然后努力工作。A. carefully仔细地；B. seriously严肃地；C. fast快速地；D. hard努力地。根据上文“Make a goal and work as”可知制定目标就要去努力为之工作。故选D。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他传授得不多，但他所教的是无价之宝。A. take in理解；B. work out解决；C. pull off赢得，完成；D. pass on传授，传递。根据后文“much, but what he did teach was priceless”此处指父亲传授给作者的人生经验，虽然不多，但是无价。故选D。
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When CAST AWAY producers wanted a survival consultant for Tom Hank’s tropical island scenes, they came to BOSS. When National Geographic Explorer wanted to film outdoor survival with industry experts, they came to BOSS. And when people feel the desire to learn traditional skills and explore the wilderness without dependence on modern equipment…they come to BOSS.
Since 1968, the Boulder Outdoor Survival School, the oldest and largest survival school in the world --- known to most simply as BOSS --- has delivered life-changing, wilderness-based experiences to adventurous people all over the world. Based out of corporate headquarters in Boulder, Colorado, we have a field office in Southern Utah’s small town of Boulder.
BOSS Courses range from 1 to 28 days in length in Utah, Colorado, and Mexico, and students range from 18 to 70 years old. Courses include field courses, skills courses, explorer courses, and custom courses. One of the reasons BOSS classes are small is to ensure that quality is maintained and that each person is given our full attention.
At BOSS, we recognize that the quality of your experience depends on the quality of your instructors. All instructors are selected for their sound judgment, strong leadership, interpersonal and communicative skills, and their broad knowledge of traditional living crafts and arts. And all instructors are offered a series of refresher-courses each year to help keep all relevant skills in top form.
True, you may never need to know how to make fire from sticks, or how to build shelters from leaves, but there is a part of all of us that benefit from this knowledge. It is only with this understanding of “primitive” philosophies and the wilderness that our culture can successfully move forward. If you are interested in walking along these paths of ancient wisdom and skill, we look forward to seeing you on the trail with us at BOSS.
36．The examples of CAST AWAY and National Geographic Explorer are given at the beginning to ________.
A．attract the readers’ attention
B．advocate the film and the magazine
C．emphasize the good facilities of the school
D．demonstrate the goal of the training courses
37．The advertisement is designed for those ________.
A．who like natural scenery B．who like wilderness adventure
C．who like rock climbing D．who enjoy the quiet life
38．An instructor is required to ________.
A．have a good voice B．have a good ability to estimate
C．be of good nature D．handle the emergency on his own
39．Which of the following is TRUE of the Boulder Outdoor Survival School?
A．The school is the oldest outdoor sports school in the field.
B．Its courses are offered in large classes.
C．Its all instructors are requested to take instruction courses annually to learn about new techniques and developments in the field.
D．Its courses can last over two months.
40．Why are students given lessons in small classes?
A．Because BOSS wants to ensure the teaching quality.
B．Because the classroom is too small.
C．Because there are not enough students.
D．Because they want to ensure safety.
【答案】36．A 37．B 38．B 39．C 40．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍一则野外生存训练学校的招生广告。
36．推理判读题。根据第一段“When CAST AWAY producers wanted a survival consultant for Tom Hank’s tropical island scenes, they came to BOSS. When National Geographic Explorer wanted to film outdoor survival with industry experts, they came to BOSS. ”（当《荒岛余生》的制片人想为汤姆·汉克的热带岛屿场景找一个生存顾问时，他们找到了BOSS。当国家地理探险者想要与行业专家一起拍摄户外生存时，他们来到了BOSS）可知，本文是一则野外生存训练学校的招生广告，所以第一段的所给的这两个例子都是为了吸引读者的兴趣和注意力。故选A。
37．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“And when people feel the desire to learn traditional skills and explore the wilderness without dependence on modern equipment…they come to BOSS.（当人们渴望学习传统技能、探索荒野而不依赖现代设备时，他们就会来找BOSS。）”可知，这则广告是给渴望学习传统技能、探索荒野而不依赖现代设备的人设计的。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句话“All instructors are selected for their sound judgment, strong leadership, interpersonal and communicative skills, and their broad knowledge of traditional living crafts and arts.（所有教员都是根据其良好的判断力、强大的领导力、人际交往和沟通能力，以及对传统生活工艺和艺术的广泛了解而选择的。）”可知，所有的教员都需要具备多种技能，其中包括良好的判断力、强大的领导力、人际交往和沟通能力等，所以可推知一个教师需要有很好的估计能力。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“And all instructors are offered a series of refresher-courses each year to help keep all relevant skills in top form.（所有教员每年都会接受一系列的进修课程，以帮助保持所有相关技能处于最佳状态。）”可知，它的所有教员都被要求每年参加指导课程，以了解该领域的新技术和发展。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段倒数最后一句话“One of the reasons BOSS classes are small is to ensure that quality is maintained and that each person is given our full attention.（BOSS课程采用小班课模式的原因之一是为了确保质量得到保持，每个人都得到了我们的充分关注。）”可知，Boss采用小班课的形式是为了确保教学质量，使每个人得到充分关注。故选A。
B
My mother loves flowers. As soon as warm weather comes around, you will find her planting, watering and weeding over everything. For many years we lived next door to each other, and she spent as much time in my garden as she did her own. After the flowers became plentiful each summer, she would cut colorful bouquets (花束) to enjoy inside the house — both hers and mine. I would often come home from work and find a beautiful arrangement (布置) of fresh flowers on my coffee table.
Shortly before Christmas one year, a local flower shop offered a bouquet a month special. It seemed to be a great way to thank her for all of the flowers she had given me through the years.
After the holidays, in early January, I drove her to the flower shop to pick up her first month’s bouquet. The small fresh colorful bouquet would hardly fill a small vase (花瓶).
I was so embarrassed. However, after we returned home, she began to arrange the flowers she had received. “Mom, I’m sorry,” I told her. “I can’t believe how skimpy that bouquet is.” She looked at me and smiled. “It’s okay,” she said. “It allows me to better enjoy the beauty of each one.”
Mom’s words helped me to realize something bigger and more important — when we have too many good things, we often fail to enjoy the beauty of each one.
Thanks, Mom, for helping me understand that less is sometimes more.
41．According to Paragraph 1, which of the following is TRUE?
A．The author’s mother usually bought flowers for her daughter.
B．The author used to buy some fresh flowers on her way home.
C．The author’s mother put fresh flowers on the author’s coffee table.
D．The author and her mother shared a beautiful garden.
42．The author bought her mother flowers to________.
A．bring more flowers to her mother’s garden
B．express thanks for all her mother’s done
C．celebrate the coming Christmas
D．arrange her mother’s new house
43．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The mother was not happy when receiving the bouquet.
B．The author couldn’t afford a big bouquet.
C．The mother would send back the bouquet to the flower shop.
D．The author would pick up another bouquet the next month.
44．The underlined word “skimpy” in Para.4 means ________.
A．beautiful B．colorful C．cheap D．small
45．What did the author learn from her mother?
A．How to grow flowers. B．How to arrange flowers.
C．Enjoying life if possible. D．Considering things in other ways.
【答案】41．C 42．B 43．D 44．D 45．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者给母亲送花的事情，让作者明白了“少有时就是多” 的道理。
41．细节理解题。由第一段句子“I would often come home from work and find a beautiful arrangement (布置) of fresh flowers on my coffee table.我经常下班回家，发现咖啡桌上摆满了美丽的鲜花”可知，作者的母亲经常会在作者的咖啡桌上摆鲜花。可以判断选项C符合题意。故选C项。
42．细节理解题。由第二段中的句子“It seemed to be a great way to thank her for all of the flowers she had given me through the years.这似乎是一种很好的方式来感谢她这些年来送给我的花”可知，作者是想感谢母亲。所以B选项“express thanks for all her mother’s done表达对母亲所做事情的感谢之情”符合题意。故选B项。
43．推理判断题。由文章句子“It seemed to be a great way to thank her for all of the flowers she had given me through the years.这似乎是一种很好的方式来感谢她这些年来送给我的花”可知，作者认为送花是感谢母亲的好方式。再结合文章句子“I drove her to the flower shop to pick up her first month’s bouquet.我开车送她去花店拿她第一个月的花束”可以推测，作者在下个月还会给母亲买花。所以选项D符合题意。故选D项。
44．词义猜测题。由文中句子“The small fresh colorful bouquet would hardly fill a small vase (花瓶).一束鲜艳的小花束很难填满一个小花瓶”可知，作者买的的花“太小”，这让她很尴尬。所以可以猜测出划线词的意思是“太小”。故选D项。
45．推理判断题。通过送花这件事，作者悟出一个道理“when we have too many good things, we often fail to enjoy the beauty of each one.当我们拥有太多美好的东西时，我们往往无法享受每一件事物的美丽”可知，作者认为即使有时拥有的东西很少，也要学会换位思考，学会享受它的美。所以D选项“Considering things in other ways.从其他方面考虑问题”符合题意。故选D项。
【点睛】故事类文章是通过记叙一件事来表达中心思想的，它是文章的灵魂。归纳文章中心思想时，尤其要分析文章的结尾，因为很多文章卒章显志，用简短的议论、抒情揭示文章中心；文章中议论抒情的句子往往与中心密切相关；也有的文章需要在结合概括各段大意的基础上归纳中心。另外，叙述一件事必有其目的，或阐明某一观点，或赞美某种品德，或抨击某种陋习，这就要求我们在阅读时，通过对细节的理解，把握作者的态度。如第1小题，细节理解题。由第一段句子“I would often come home from work and find a beautiful arrangement (布置) of fresh flowers on my coffee table.我经常下班回家，发现咖啡桌上摆满了美丽的鲜花”可知，作者的母亲经常会在作者的咖啡桌上摆鲜花。可以判断选项C符合题意。故选C项。
C
“You’re going to the United States to live? How wonderful! You’re really lucky!”
Does this sound familiar? Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But does it seem true all the time? Is your life in this new country always wonderful and exciting? A great many facts show that it’s not easy for newcomers to adjust to life in a new culture. They have to experience culture shock.
What causes culture shock? Maybe the weather is unpleasant. Perhaps the customs are different. Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone, post office, or transportation are difficult to figure out and you make mistakes. The simplest things seem difficult. The language may be difficult. The food may seem strange to you. If you don’t look similar to the natives, you may feel strange. You may feel as if everyone is watching you. In fact, you are always watching yourself.
Everyone experiences culture shock in some form or another. But culture shock comes as a surprise to most people. A lot of the time, the people with the worst culture shock are the people who never had any difficulties in their own countries.
They were active and successful in their community. They had hobbies or pastimes which they enjoyed. When they come to a new country, they do not have the same positions or hobbies as they already had in their countries. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.
Culture shock produces a feeling of disorientation (迷惘), which may be homesickness, imagined illness, or even paranoia (妄想). When people feel the disorientation of culture shock, they sometimes feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to familiarize the person more with the culture. Familiarity and experience are the long-term ways to settle the problem of culture shock.
46．Who is the passage mainly for?
A．The family and friends of those who came to the US.
B．Those who have got rid of culture shock.
C．People who have just moved to a foreign country.
D．People who can easily adjust their life in the US.
47．The underlined part “you are always watching yourself” (in Paragraph 3) means ________.
A．you are always feeling homesick
B．you are always worried too much about yourself
C．you are always looking at yourself in the mirror
D．you are always nervous about meeting other people
48．Which of the following would be a case of culture shock for newcomers?
A．They have trouble using public telephones.
B．Their positions or hobbies stay the same.
C．They are active and successful in the new community.
D．They have got used to the life in the new country.
49．Which of the following may cause newcomers to lack a sense of security?
A．A new identity. B．Local food.
C．A new self-image. D．Strange environment.
50．The best way for the newcomers to overcome culture shock is ________.
A．to stay inside to protect themselves
B．to make a study of new hobbies
C．to adapt themselves to the new environment
D．to ask people for help when having difficulties
【答案】46．C 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来到异国他乡，应如何克服文化冲突，适应新环境。
46．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A great many facts show that it’s not easy for newcomers to adjust to life in a new culture. They have to experience culture shock.(大量的事实表明，对于新来者来说，适应一种新的文化是不容易的。他们必须经历文化冲击。)”可知，这篇文章是写给那些刚移居国外的人。故选C。
47．词句猜测题。根据上文“If you don’t look similar to the natives, you may feel strange. You may feel as if everyone is watching you.( 如果你看起来和当地人不一样，你可能会觉得很奇怪。你可能会觉得每个人都在看着你。)”可知，这种感觉是因为对自己的过度担心而造成的。“you are always watching yourself”意为“你总是太担心自己了”。故选B。
48．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone, post office, or transportation are difficult to figure out and you make mistakes.(也许公共服务系统，如电话、邮局或交通系统，是很难弄清楚的，你犯了错误。)”可知，对新来的人来说他们在使用公共电话方面遇到了困难是一种文化冲击。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security.( 他们想要保护自己不受陌生环境的伤害。他们想在自己的房间里创造一个逃脱的地方，给自己一种安全感。)”可知，陌生的环境可能会导致新来者缺乏安全感。故选D。
50．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Familiarity and experience are the long-term ways to settle the problem of culture shock.(熟悉和经验是解决文化冲击问题的长期途径。)”可知，对于新来者来说，克服文化冲击的最好方法就是让自己适应新的环境。故选C。
D
Kindergarten represents a crucial environment in which children develop school-related skills and patterns of engagement. They form the basis for the development of later competence which is important for academic success. As for later academic skills, kindergarten achievements have been found to have great predictive value.
Given the long-lasting effects that kindergarten experiences have on later schooling, it is important to understand the factors associated with children's learning and motivation during this time. The quality of teacher-student interaction has been found to be important in terms of many different academic and socio-emotional outcomes. However, much of the previous work in the field has focused on children in later grades in elementary school and has been conducted in the United States. Fewer studies have been conducted in other educational environments and in kindergarten specifically.
Some researchers investigated bidirectional links between the quality of teacher-child relationships and children’s interest and pre-academic skills in literacy and math in Finland. Participants were 461 Finnish kindergarteners (6-year-olds) and 48 teachers.
The results indicated that teacher-perceived(教师感知的)conflicts predicted children’s lower pre-academic skills in both literacy and math. It is possible that when children experience conflicts with teachers, the negative emotions attached to these conflicts are harmful to children’s engagement in learning and curtail their interest in academic tasks. It’s also possible that children experiencing conflicts are missing out on time for learning literacy and math, either because they become separated from instructional activities or because teachers have to spend more instructional time on behavioral management.
The findings highlight the importance of kindergarten teachers being aware of how their relationships with children can influence children’s later schooling. Therefore, it would be important to develop pre-service and in-service programs and interventions to help teachers. Teacher education programs may also benefit teachers not only in academic content and peda-gogical (教育学的)practices but also in strategies used to build supportive relationships with children.
51．What do we learn about kindergarten achievements?
A．They’re closely related to kids’ personalities.
B．They greatly affect kids’ later academic skills.
C．They largely depend on the teachers' competence.
D．They’re mainly about kids’ problem-solving abilities.
52．From Paragraph 2, we know that the quality of teacher-student interaction in kindergarten ______ .
A．has drawn little attention from researchers
B．has been considered very important by teachers
C．has resulted from specific educational environments
D．has formed the basis of many good socio-emotional outcomes
53．What does the underlined word “curtail” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Develop. B．Maintain. C．Reduce. D．Assess.
54．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the last paragraph?
A．To promote the educational programs among kindergarten teachers.
B．To explain the benefits of carrying out pedagogical practices.
C．To call on kids to build up good relationships with teachers.
D．To highlight the importance of kindergarten teachers.
55．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The significance of developing kids' school-related skills.
B．The necessity of improving teachers' academic competence.
C．The ways of reducing teacher-student conflicts in kindergarten.
D．The influence of teacher-student interaction in kindergarten on kids.
【答案】51．B 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍研究结果，讲述了幼儿园师生互动对幼儿的影响。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Kindergarten represents a crucial environment in which children develop school-related skills and patterns of engagement. They form the basis for the development of later competence which is important for academic success. (幼儿园是儿童发展学校相关技能和参与模式的关键环境。它们构成了日后能力发展的基础，而这对学术上的成功至关重要。)”可以推知，幼儿园的成就会极大地影响孩子以后的学术技能。故选B项。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The quality of teacher-student interaction has been found to be important in terms of many different academic and socio-emotional outcomes. (师生互动的质量已经被发现在许多不同的学术和社会情感结果方面是重要的。)”以及“Fewer studies have been conducted in other educational environments and in kindergarten specifically.( 在其他教育环境中进行的研究较少，特别是在幼儿园。)”可知，针对幼儿园的师生互动的质量没有引起研究者的太多注意。故选A项。
53．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“The results indicated that teacher-perceived conflicts predicted children's lower pre-academic skills in both literacy and math. (结果表明，教师感知到的冲突预示着孩子较低的学前读写和数学技能。)”说明冲突会使孩子降低学习技能，从而推知划线词句“It is possible that when children experience conflicts with teachers, the negative emotions attached to these conflicts are harmful to children’s engagement in learning and curtail their interest in academic tasks (当孩子们与老师发生冲突时，这些冲突带来的负面情绪可能会伤害孩子们对学习的参与度并且curtail他们对学术任务的兴趣。)”大意为：冲突带来的负面情绪不利于孩子们的学习，会“降低”他们的学习兴趣。选项C“减少”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。
54．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore, it would be important to develop pre-service and in-service programs and interventions to help teachers. Teacher education programs may also benefit teachers not only in academic content and peda-gogical (教育学的)practices but also in strategies used to build supportive relationships with children. (因此，制定职前和职中计划和干预措施来帮助教师是很重要的。教师教育项目也可能使教师受益，不仅在学术内容和教学实践方面，而且在与儿童建立支持性关系的策略方面。)”可知，本段写作目的是在幼儿园老师中推广教育项目。故选A项。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“The findings highlight the importance of kindergarten teachers being aware of how their relationships with children can influence children’s later schooling. (研究结果强调了幼儿园教师意识到他们与孩子的关系会如何影响孩子以后的教育的重要性。)”等内容可知，本文主要讲述幼儿园师生互动对幼儿的影响。故选D项。
第三部分:写作
第一节:阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
69-year-old Xia Boyu recently became the oldest double amputee (双侧截肢者) to climb Mount Qomolangma. That is amazing, but even what is more impressive is the fact that he did it after he tried four times.
Xia Boyu’s first try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma was in 1975, as part of an expedition (远征) by the Chinese Government. With only 250 meters to go from reaching the top, the team was stopped by bad weather. To make sure that everyone made it back alive, the team decided to turn back and finish their dream another time.
On the way, Xia Boyu gave his sleeping bag to one of his teammates who was in worse shape than him. Unluckily, this selfless act made him lose both his feet to frostbite (冻伤).
In 1996, Xia Boyu got cancer. But it also didn’t stop the mountain climber from realizing his dream of climbing the world’s highest peak. “Climbing Mount Qomolangma is my dream, ” Xia said. “I have to realize it. It also stands for a personal challenge, a challenge of fate. ”
Over twenty years after losing his feet, Xia Boyu trained to get his body ready for another try at climbing Mount Qomolangma. In 2014, he tried again, but finally had to turn back because of bad weather. The same thing happened the following year, as well as in 2016.
In 2018, Xia Boyu finally reached the top of Mount Qomolangma on his fifth try. He thus became only the second double amputee to climb the world’s highest mountain top, after Mark Inglis from New Zealand, who did it in 2006, and the first to do it from the Nepal (尼泊尔) side.
Answer the following questions with no more than 7 words.
56．How many times did Xia Boyu try to climb Mount Qomolangma?
_________________________________________________________________
57．Who is the first double amputee to climb the world’s highest mountain top?
_________________________________________________________________
58．When was Xia Boyu’s first try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma?
_________________________________________________________________
59．Why did Xia Boyu give up trying while climbing Mount Qomolangma in 2014?
_________________________________________________________________
60．What happened to him after Xia Boyu gave his sleeping bag to his teammate?
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】56．He tried five times. 57．Mark Inglis (from New Zealand). 58．In 1975 59．Because of bad weather. 60．He lost (both) his feet to frostbite.
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了夏伯渝不断尝试登上珠穆朗玛峰的经历。终于在2018年，69岁的截肢者夏伯渝用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，向世界展示了梦想的力量。这告诉我们：实现梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，只与自己坚定的信念有关。
56．考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“That is amazing, but even what is more impressive is the fact that he did it after he tried four times.（这是惊人的，但更令人印象深刻的是，他是在尝试了四次之后才做到的。）”以及根据最后一段第一句“In 2018, Xia Boyu finally reached the top of Mount Qomolangma on his fifth try.（2018年，夏伯玉第五次尝试成功登顶珠峰。）”可知，夏伯渝尝试了五次后成登顶珠峰。故答案为He tried five times。
57．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“In 2018, Xia Boyu finally reached the top of Mount Qomolangma on his fifth try. He thus became only the second double amputee to climb the world’s highest mountain top, after Mark Inglis from New Zealand, who did it in 2006, and the first to do it from the Nepal (尼泊尔) side.（2018年，夏伯渝第五次登顶珠穆朗玛峰。因此，他成为继新西兰的Mark Inglis之后第二位登上世界最高峰的双腿截肢者，Mark Inglis于2006年登上世界最高峰，他也是第一位从尼泊尔一侧登上世界最高峰的截肢者。）”可知，来自新西兰的Mark Inglis是第一位登上世界最高峰的双腿截肢者。故答案为Mark Inglis (from New Zealand)。
58．考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“Xia Boyu’s first try to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma was in 1975, as part of an expedition (远征) by the Chinese Government. （1975年，作为中国政府探险队的一员，夏伯渝首次尝试登顶珠峰。）”可知，1975年夏伯渝第一次尝试登顶珠峰。故答案为In 1975。
59．考查细节理解。根据第五段第二句“In 2014, he tried again, but finally had to turn back because of bad weather.（2014年，他再次尝试，但最终由于天气恶劣不得不折返。）”可知，由于天气原因夏伯渝放弃尝试攀登珠峰。故答案为Because of bad weather。
60．考查细节理解。根据第三段内容“On the way, Xia Boyu gave his sleeping bag to one of his teammates who was in worse shape than him. Unluckily, this selfless act made him lose both his feet to frostbite (冻伤).（在路上，夏伯渝把睡袋给了他的队友，他的身体状况比他差。不幸的是，这种无私的行为使他被冻伤失去了双脚。）”可知，夏伯渝把睡袋给了队友之后，他被冻伤失去了双脚。故答案为He lost (both) his feet to frostbite。
第二节 开放性作文（满分25分）
61. 假设你是新星中学的学生李津。不久前你的英国笔友Mark通过网络看到北京冬奥会开幕式的一些片段，非常感兴趣，发邮件向你询问具体情况。请你回复对方，简要介绍相关情况。主要内容包括：
（1）简要介绍开幕式情况（时间、地点、特色等）；
（2）谈谈给你印象最深的一个或两个方面；
（3）观众的反响和你的感受。
注意：
（1）请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）词数不少于100，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：Beginning of Spring立春 the 24 solar terms24节气 count down倒计时
Dear Mark，
It’s great to know that you’re interested in the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games, I’m so glad to _________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mark，
It’s great to know that you’re interested in the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games and I’m so glad to introduce some amazing details.
The opening ceremony fell on 4th February, the Chinese “Beginning of Spring”, which is the first of the 24 solar terms of the year. So it began with the countdown to the solar terms, leaving people amazed at Chinese culture.
The opening ceremony uses creativity and technology to achieve a beautiful visual effect, stressing the spirit shared by all mankind. The most impressive is that when small snowflakes representing each participate country joined together to form a big one, the audience present all cheered for the spirit it carried.
The whole opening ceremony gave me the overall feeling of “simplicity, safety and brilliance” just as the requirements of our winter Olympic Games. The most important is that it shows our best wish of “together for the future” to all people around the world.
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mark写信，简要介绍北京冬奥会开幕式的相关情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
惊讶的：amazed→astonished
以……开始：begin with→start with
重要的：important→significant
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：The opening ceremony uses creativity and technology to achieve a beautiful visual effect, stressing the spirit shared by all mankind.
拓展句：The opening ceremony uses creativity and technology to achieve a beautiful visual effect, stressing the spirit which is shared by all mankind.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The opening ceremony fell on 4th February, the Chinese “Beginning of Spring”, which is the first of the 24 solar terms of the year.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
The most important is that it shows our best wish of “together for the future” to all people around the world.(that引导表语从句)
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