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（新高考适用）2023版高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 阅读能力突破篇 专题1 阅读理解 第2讲推理判断题课件PPT
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这是一份（新高考适用）2023版高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 阅读能力突破篇 专题1 阅读理解 第2讲推理判断题课件PPT，共39页。PPT课件主要包含了第2讲 推理判断题，专题一 阅读理解，高频考点·研析透等内容，欢迎下载使用。
推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题，一般在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。
考点1 细节推断题辨明题类细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，就某具体细节进行推断，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。一般题干中经常会出现六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，cnclude(得出结论，推断出)和assume(假定，设想)。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：1．It can be inferred/cncluded frm the text that ________.2．What can we infer/learn ．We can learn frm the passage that ________.4．The that ________.
技法点拨第一步：定位关键细节——根据题干提供的信息，抓住某一段话的关键信息，即推理的依据；第二步：正确理解推断——对原文中的信息细读理解其字面意义，然后结合语境，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维和正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。【特别提醒】 (1)如果某个选项是文章中的一个细节内容，则不能作为推理的结论。(2)切勿把脱离原文的个人看法、主观臆断作为答案。
真题体验(2022·全国乙卷B)In 1916, tw girls f wealthy families, best friends frm Auburn, N．Y.—Drthy Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd—traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne-rm schlhuse.The girls had gne t Smith Cllege.They wre expensive clthes.S fr them t mve t Elkhead, Cl.t instruct the children whse shes were held tgether with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted: The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden, wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruffʼs granddaughter.
Why did they g then? Well, they wanted t d smething useful. Sn, hwever, they realized what they had undertaken.They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning.Sme mrnings, Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children weeping frm the cld.In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.
In Wickendenʼs bk, she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism, which f curse influenced the girlsʼ decisin t g t Elkhead.A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies, ften in blinding snwstrms.The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthyʼs return t Auburn.
Wickenden is a very gd stryteller.The sweep f the land and the sticism (坚忍) f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing.Here is a picture f Drthy Wdruff, n her hrse, lking dwn frm a hill tp: “When the sun slipped behind the muntains, it shed a rsy glw all arund them.Then a full mn rse.The snw was marked nly by small animals: fxes, cytes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
25．What can we learn abut the girls frm Paragraph 3？________A．They enjyed much respect.B．They had a rm with a bathtub.C．They lived with the lcal kids.D．They suffered severe hardships.
【解题示范】 第一步：确定题干中的关键信息：learn abut，paragraph 3；第二步：在确定推理依据的位置或范围第三段之后，再进行推理判断：根据“They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning.(她们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，并且和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.(在春天，覆盖在冰上的雪被泥替代。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D。
考点2 观点态度题辨明题类所谓作者的观点和态度，就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观、悲观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。设问形式常有：1．Whatʼs the writerʼs attitude ．What is the authrʼs pinin ．What des the authr think/feel
技法点拨1．文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辞。(1)正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切忌用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。(2)留意那些描写所处氛围及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。(3)关注首段首尾句，推断文章主题，确定作者观点。
2．要分清选项中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此对照文章内容。下面是一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语：(1)表示支持或肯定的词语 favrable赞同的，有利的；psitive积极的，肯定的，确实的；supprtive支持的；apprval赞成，正式批准；reasnable合理的；enthusiastic热情的等。
(2)表示反对或否定的词语critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；disapprval不赞成；impractical不实际的；radical激进的；prejudiced有成见的，偏颇的等。(3)表示中立或客观的态度的词语bjective 客观的；neutral 中立的；indifferent 漠然的等。
真题体验(2022·全国甲卷D)Smetime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia.The city discvered its harbr.Then, ne after anther, Sydney discvered lts f things that were just srt f there—brad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse ppulatin.But it is the harbr that makes the city.
Andrew Reynlds, a cheerful fellw in his early 30s, pilts Sydney ferrybats fr a living.I spent the whle mrning shuttling back and frth acrss the harbr.After ur third run Andrew shut dwn the engine, and we went ur separate ways—he fr a lunch break, I t explre the city.“Iʼll miss these ld bats，” he said as we parted.“Hw d yu mean？” I asked.“Oh, theyʼre replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are faster, but theyʼre nt s elegant, and theyʼre nt fun t pilt.But thatʼs prgress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and prgress are the watchwrds (口号), and traditins are increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald, the cityʼs fficial histrian, tld me that in its rush t mdernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much f its past, including many f its finest buildings.“Sydney is cnfused abut itself，” she said.“We canʼt seem t make up ur minds whether we want a mdern city r a traditinal ne.Itʼs a cnflict that we arenʼt getting any better at reslving (解决).”
On the ther hand, being yung and ld at the same time has its attractins.I cnsidered this when I met a thughtful yung businessman named Anthny.“Many peple say that we lack culture in this cuntry，” he tld me.“What peple frget is that the Italians, when they came t Australia, brught 2000 years f their culture, the Greeks sme 3000 years, and the Chinese mre still.Weʼve gt a fundatin built n ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism f a yung cuntry.Itʼs a pretty hard cmbinatin t beat.”He is right, but I canʼt help wishing they wuld keep thse ld ferries.
35．Which statement will the authr prbably agree with？________A．A city can be yung and ld at the same time.B．A city built n ancient cultures is mre dynamic.C．Mdernity is usually achieved at the cst f elegance.D．Cmprmise shuld be made between the lcal and the freign.
【解题示范】 第一步：根据题干确定题型，由题干中的agree with可知本题是考查作者的观点态度；第二步：甄别选项细研干扰项，B、C、D三项在原文中虽然有所提及，但是有些偏激；第三步：确定答案，定位到原文，寻找相关信息：根据倒数第二段“On the ther hand, being yung and ld at the same time has its attractins.I cnsidered this when I met a thughtful yung businessman named Anthny.(另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthny时，我考虑到了这一点。)”以及最后一段“He is right (他说得没错)”可知，作者赞同Anthny的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A。
考点3 写作意图题辨明题类通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。设问形式常有：1．整篇文章的写作目的/意图(1)The writer writes this passage in rder t ________.(2)The purpse f the text is t ________.(3)What is the main purpse f the passage?(4)The writer f the stry wants/intends t tell us that ________.
2．某处细节的写作目的/意图(1)The writer the first paragraph t ________.(2)The writer uses the example ________.(3)The authr writes the last paragraph in rder t ________.
技法点拨通常可依据文体特点来推断作者写作意图：1．记叙文：通常会在首段或尾段出现高度概括性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有叙述都围绕该哲理展开。2．应用文：文章常对某事物或服务进行详细介绍，使用具有明显倾向性的语言。3．说明文：其写作意图依赖于对文章主题句的把握，故应找准主题句。4．议论文：一般开头提出某论点，中间进行论证，最后得出结论，写作意图常隐含于最后一部分中。
真题体验(2021·全国乙卷C)Yuʼve heard that plastic is plluting the ceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year.But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des.He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpcalypse，” a pair f 10-ft-tall plastic waves, frzen mid-crash.Made f 168,000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce (来源)f plastic pllutin, but theyʼve recently cme under fire because mst peple dnʼt need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled.Every straw thatʼs part f Vn Wngʼs artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes.Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate(说明)a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a truckladʼs wrth f plastic enters the cean.Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic，” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like theyʼd been dumped (倾倒)frm a truck all at nce.Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
29．Why des the authr discuss plastic straws in Paragraph 3?A．T shw the difficulty f their recycling.B．T explain why they are useful.C．T vice his views n mdern art.D．T find a substitute fr them.
【解题示范】 第一步：阅读题干，把握出题意图：why，discuss；第二步：通过题干中的paragraph 3迅速定位第三段，该段讲的是“全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但它们最近却受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要吸管喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。冯·王作品中的每一根吸管都很可能来自只喝了几分钟的饮料。一旦饮料消失了，吸管也要几个世纪才能消失。”吸管由于体积小，重量轻，无法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。故选A。
考点4 语篇出处或读者对象题辨明题类文章来源题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。读者对象推断题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的读者对象，即作者针对的读者对象是什么人。设问形式常有：(1)This passage wuld prbably/mst likely be fund in ________.(2)The passage is prbably taken frm/ut f ________.(3)The passage is prbably intended fr ________.
技法点拨1．利用内容判断文章出处(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：newspaper。(2)推销介绍新产品：advertisement。(3)文章中有click here, dwnlad, uplad, link, muse, surf等网络标志语等网络用语：website。(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍：travel guide。(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍：magazine/jurnal/entertainment sectin。(6)科普知识：science reprt。(7)文化教育类文章：educatin sectin。
2．利用内容判断文章类别(1)旅游景点方面的介绍：travel guide。(2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement。(3)活动介绍：ntice/annuncement。(4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news。(5)科普知识/研究介绍：science reprt/study reprt。3．确定读者对象先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节内容判断读者对象。
真题体验(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷A)Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t LiteratureGrading Scale90－100, A; 80－89, B; 70－79, C; 60－69, D; Belw 60, E.Essays (60%)Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments(作业) during the curse.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus classʼ lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class.Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late WrkAn essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late.If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer.Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer.Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题，一般在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义。在进行推断时，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文主观臆断。
考点1 细节推断题辨明题类细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，就某具体细节进行推断，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。一般题干中经常会出现六个动词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，cnclude(得出结论，推断出)和assume(假定，设想)。
该类型的命题方式常常以下列形式呈现：1．It can be inferred/cncluded frm the text that ________.2．What can we infer/learn ．We can learn frm the passage that ________.4．The that ________.
技法点拨第一步：定位关键细节——根据题干提供的信息，抓住某一段话的关键信息，即推理的依据；第二步：正确理解推断——对原文中的信息细读理解其字面意义，然后结合语境，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维和正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。【特别提醒】 (1)如果某个选项是文章中的一个细节内容，则不能作为推理的结论。(2)切勿把脱离原文的个人看法、主观臆断作为答案。
真题体验(2022·全国乙卷B)In 1916, tw girls f wealthy families, best friends frm Auburn, N．Y.—Drthy Wdruff and Rsamnd Underwd—traveled t a settlement in the Rcky Muntains t teach in a ne-rm schlhuse.The girls had gne t Smith Cllege.They wre expensive clthes.S fr them t mve t Elkhead, Cl.t instruct the children whse shes were held tgether with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject f Nthing Daunted: The Unexpected Educatin f Tw Sciety Girls in the West by Drthy Wickenden, wh is a magazine editr and Drthy Wdruffʼs granddaughter.
Why did they g then? Well, they wanted t d smething useful. Sn, hwever, they realized what they had undertaken.They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning.Sme mrnings, Rsamnd and Drthy wuld arrive at the schlhuse t find the children weeping frm the cld.In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.
In Wickendenʼs bk, she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism, which f curse influenced the girlsʼ decisin t g t Elkhead.A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies, ften in blinding snwstrms.The bk ends with Rsamnd and Drthyʼs return t Auburn.
Wickenden is a very gd stryteller.The sweep f the land and the sticism (坚忍) f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing.Here is a picture f Drthy Wdruff, n her hrse, lking dwn frm a hill tp: “When the sun slipped behind the muntains, it shed a rsy glw all arund them.Then a full mn rse.The snw was marked nly by small animals: fxes, cytes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
25．What can we learn abut the girls frm Paragraph 3？________A．They enjyed much respect.B．They had a rm with a bathtub.C．They lived with the lcal kids.D．They suffered severe hardships.
【解题示范】 第一步：确定题干中的关键信息：learn abut，paragraph 3；第二步：在确定推理依据的位置或范围第三段之后，再进行推理判断：根据“They mved in with a lcal family, the Harrisns, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket f snw n their quilt when they wke up in the mrning.(她们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，并且和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snw was replaced by mud ver ice.(在春天，覆盖在冰上的雪被泥替代。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D。
考点2 观点态度题辨明题类所谓作者的观点和态度，就是表达作者对某个话题、行为、事件的看法、感觉或判断。作者的观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观、悲观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词或副词。此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的态度、观点或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。设问形式常有：1．Whatʼs the writerʼs attitude ．What is the authrʼs pinin ．What des the authr think/feel
技法点拨1．文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辞。(1)正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切忌用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。(2)留意那些描写所处氛围及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。(3)关注首段首尾句，推断文章主题，确定作者观点。
2．要分清选项中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此对照文章内容。下面是一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语：(1)表示支持或肯定的词语 favrable赞同的，有利的；psitive积极的，肯定的，确实的；supprtive支持的；apprval赞成，正式批准；reasnable合理的；enthusiastic热情的等。
(2)表示反对或否定的词语critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；disapprval不赞成；impractical不实际的；radical激进的；prejudiced有成见的，偏颇的等。(3)表示中立或客观的态度的词语bjective 客观的；neutral 中立的；indifferent 漠然的等。
真题体验(2022·全国甲卷D)Smetime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia.The city discvered its harbr.Then, ne after anther, Sydney discvered lts f things that were just srt f there—brad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse ppulatin.But it is the harbr that makes the city.
Andrew Reynlds, a cheerful fellw in his early 30s, pilts Sydney ferrybats fr a living.I spent the whle mrning shuttling back and frth acrss the harbr.After ur third run Andrew shut dwn the engine, and we went ur separate ways—he fr a lunch break, I t explre the city.“Iʼll miss these ld bats，” he said as we parted.“Hw d yu mean？” I asked.“Oh, theyʼre replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are faster, but theyʼre nt s elegant, and theyʼre nt fun t pilt.But thatʼs prgress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and prgress are the watchwrds (口号), and traditins are increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald, the cityʼs fficial histrian, tld me that in its rush t mdernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much f its past, including many f its finest buildings.“Sydney is cnfused abut itself，” she said.“We canʼt seem t make up ur minds whether we want a mdern city r a traditinal ne.Itʼs a cnflict that we arenʼt getting any better at reslving (解决).”
On the ther hand, being yung and ld at the same time has its attractins.I cnsidered this when I met a thughtful yung businessman named Anthny.“Many peple say that we lack culture in this cuntry，” he tld me.“What peple frget is that the Italians, when they came t Australia, brught 2000 years f their culture, the Greeks sme 3000 years, and the Chinese mre still.Weʼve gt a fundatin built n ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism f a yung cuntry.Itʼs a pretty hard cmbinatin t beat.”He is right, but I canʼt help wishing they wuld keep thse ld ferries.
35．Which statement will the authr prbably agree with？________A．A city can be yung and ld at the same time.B．A city built n ancient cultures is mre dynamic.C．Mdernity is usually achieved at the cst f elegance.D．Cmprmise shuld be made between the lcal and the freign.
【解题示范】 第一步：根据题干确定题型，由题干中的agree with可知本题是考查作者的观点态度；第二步：甄别选项细研干扰项，B、C、D三项在原文中虽然有所提及，但是有些偏激；第三步：确定答案，定位到原文，寻找相关信息：根据倒数第二段“On the ther hand, being yung and ld at the same time has its attractins.I cnsidered this when I met a thughtful yung businessman named Anthny.(另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthny时，我考虑到了这一点。)”以及最后一段“He is right (他说得没错)”可知，作者赞同Anthny的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A。
考点3 写作意图题辨明题类通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。设问形式常有：1．整篇文章的写作目的/意图(1)The writer writes this passage in rder t ________.(2)The purpse f the text is t ________.(3)What is the main purpse f the passage?(4)The writer f the stry wants/intends t tell us that ________.
2．某处细节的写作目的/意图(1)The writer the first paragraph t ________.(2)The writer uses the example ________.(3)The authr writes the last paragraph in rder t ________.
技法点拨通常可依据文体特点来推断作者写作意图：1．记叙文：通常会在首段或尾段出现高度概括性语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有叙述都围绕该哲理展开。2．应用文：文章常对某事物或服务进行详细介绍，使用具有明显倾向性的语言。3．说明文：其写作意图依赖于对文章主题句的把握，故应找准主题句。4．议论文：一般开头提出某论点，中间进行论证，最后得出结论，写作意图常隐含于最后一部分中。
真题体验(2021·全国乙卷C)Yuʼve heard that plastic is plluting the ceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 millin tnnes enter cean ecsystems every year.But des ne plastic straw r cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Vn Wng wants yu t knw that it des.He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
At the beginning f the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpcalypse，” a pair f 10-ft-tall plastic waves, frzen mid-crash.Made f 168,000 plastic straws cllected frm several vlunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shpping center in H Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% f glbal plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by n means the biggest surce (来源)f plastic pllutin, but theyʼve recently cme under fire because mst peple dnʼt need them t drink with and, because f their small size and weight, they cannt be recycled.Every straw thatʼs part f Vn Wngʼs artwrk likely came frm a drink that smene used fr nly a few minutes.Once the drink is gne, the straw will take centuries t disappear.
In a piece frm 2018, Vn Wng wanted t illustrate(说明)a specific statistic: Every 60 secnds, a truckladʼs wrth f plastic enters the cean.Fr this wrk, titled “Trucklad f Plastic，” Vn Wng and a grup f vlunteers cllected mre than 10,000 pieces f plastic, which were then tied tgether t lk like theyʼd been dumped (倾倒)frm a truck all at nce.Vn Wng hpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.
29．Why des the authr discuss plastic straws in Paragraph 3?A．T shw the difficulty f their recycling.B．T explain why they are useful.C．T vice his views n mdern art.D．T find a substitute fr them.
【解题示范】 第一步：阅读题干，把握出题意图：why，discuss；第二步：通过题干中的paragraph 3迅速定位第三段，该段讲的是“全球只有9%的塑料垃圾被回收。塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但它们最近却受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要吸管喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。冯·王作品中的每一根吸管都很可能来自只喝了几分钟的饮料。一旦饮料消失了，吸管也要几个世纪才能消失。”吸管由于体积小，重量轻，无法回收利用，由此可推知，作者在第三段讨论吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。故选A。
考点4 语篇出处或读者对象题辨明题类文章来源题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。读者对象推断题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的读者对象，即作者针对的读者对象是什么人。设问形式常有：(1)This passage wuld prbably/mst likely be fund in ________.(2)The passage is prbably taken frm/ut f ________.(3)The passage is prbably intended fr ________.
技法点拨1．利用内容判断文章出处(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：newspaper。(2)推销介绍新产品：advertisement。(3)文章中有click here, dwnlad, uplad, link, muse, surf等网络标志语等网络用语：website。(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍：travel guide。(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍：magazine/jurnal/entertainment sectin。(6)科普知识：science reprt。(7)文化教育类文章：educatin sectin。
2．利用内容判断文章类别(1)旅游景点方面的介绍：travel guide。(2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement。(3)活动介绍：ntice/annuncement。(4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news。(5)科普知识/研究介绍：science reprt/study reprt。3．确定读者对象先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节内容判断读者对象。
真题体验(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷A)Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t LiteratureGrading Scale90－100, A; 80－89, B; 70－79, C; 60－69, D; Belw 60, E.Essays (60%)Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments(作业) during the curse.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus classʼ lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class.Additinally, frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class r shrt assignments t be cmpleted at hme, bth f which will be graded.
Late WrkAn essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late.If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zer.Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer.Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
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