2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型分类练六推理判断题__文章出处类

第三讲　巧用“重复信息”，稳解七选五

清迷点扫盲点·提升审题能力

实际上，“七选五”的题目选择不是个个都难，难就难在其中1～3道特别的题目上，这些题目或是因为蕴含的信息更为丰富，或是选项高度相似，或是逻辑关系相近，总让人感到很是纠结。那么，此时学生就要学会利用种种重复信息，达到抽丝剥茧的效果。

技法1　词汇复现

设题特点

词汇复现法介绍段落主旨时， 常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。在做题时，注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。

图解技巧

1.原词复现

在做题时，寻找空格前后句中的相同关键词——一个单词在语境中以同样的形式反复出现，有时兼有词形的变化。

【典例】　[2022·全国乙卷]

•More isn't always merrier

Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. __37__. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.

A．Remember important dates

B．Compensate by writing letters

C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper

D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it

E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication

F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media

G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind

解析：利用原词复现解题。空前提到“确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效”，再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出本空讲的是“朋友需要讨论各自喜欢的交流方式”。其中的methods原词复现是解题提示，同时communication与communicate 相呼应。

自主解答：________

2.同(近)义词复现

此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space。

【典例】　[2021·浙江卷1月]If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability: __33__ So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.

A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?

B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?

C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.

D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.

E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?

F．With three registers，this method is much faster than the traditional approach.

G．But sometimes，as on a Sunday afternoon，the system gets particularly busy.

解析：考查上下文衔接。空前的probability与D项中的chances和one in three呼应，同时D项与空后一句“So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster”呼应，符合语境。

自主解答：________

3.反义复现

顾名思义，此处指上下文中有互为相反词义的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。

【典例】　[2021·全国甲卷]A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun it had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.

·Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection. __37__， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.

A．Less people than that

B．Hold a clothing swap

C．If two people are competing

D．Just keep music playing throughout

E．Donate whatever clothes are left over

F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots

G．Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition

解析：根据本段空白处后文“more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable”，超过5－10人，则无法控制，可知分号前后是两个相反意义的对比关系，根据反义信息“more than”，可以推理得知空白处想表达人太少的含义。

自主解答：________

4.派生词复现

　派生词是由词根加词缀构成的词，解题时要注意寻找这类词的复现。

【典例】　[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]You and your partner will probably have different skills. __40__ Over time, both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.

A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.

B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.

C．You'll work harder if you train with someone else.

D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?

E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?

F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.

G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.

解析：空白前作者提到你和你的搭档可能有不同的技能，空白后提到随着时间的推移，你和你的搭档都会受益，可以推断“接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作”承上启下，符合语境。different的派生词difference也是一个很好的解题信号。

自主解答：________

技法2　代词复现

设题特点

代词的使用主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。代词指代一定要注意两种情况：

①选项中的代词要特别关注，

②挖空后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。

图解技巧

1.选项中的代词

【典例1】　[2021·浙江卷1月]If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability: 33.The__chances__of__your__line__being__the__fastest__are__only__one__in__three. So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.

Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. __34__ This is what they do at most banks and fast­food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.

A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?

B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?

C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.

D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.

E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?

F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.

G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.

解析：本题可利用代词指代法解题。前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F项能很好地承接上文，同时F项中的this method是空后This的指代对象，代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。

自主解答：________

【典例2】　[2020·新高考Ⅱ卷]

Ask questions.

Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment. __40__ Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.

A．This will make getting answers easier.

B．Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.

C．You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.

D．Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.

解析：空前一句讲到当你不在医生办公室的时候，写下你所有的问题，和医生预约的时候，随身带着这些问题，而空后一句则讲到记住——没有什么问题是愚蠢的问题，因此该空讲的应该是写下问题的好处，this指代上一句的内容。

自主解答：________

2.挖空后的代词

【典例3】　[2022·全国甲卷]

Making Requests

__39__. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.

A．The more friends you make in your lifetime

B．The more time you spend in any given country

C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils

D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant

E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate

F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them

G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal

解析：根据小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要介绍的是在就餐时发出请求，选项“a simple request”符合语境，且是空后一句中的“this”指代的内容，代词重复是一个很好的解题信号。

自主解答：________

【典例4】　[2021·浙江卷6月]“Many people in China have limited exposure to English. __35__ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing，” Paulo says.

A．And that's totally fine.

B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.

C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family­friendly hobby.

D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.

解析：根据空格前的“Many people in China have limited exposure to English”可知，中国很多人接触英语的机会有限，所以学习和练习这种语言会有难度。选项B “That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.”符合题意，其中的关键信息“That, hard, practice”说明此意。

自主解答：________

练重点练难点·创新应用体验

Test 1

[2022·沈阳市高三教学质量检测(一)]

Lighthouse Planning

Goal setting is an important part of staying active,  focused and excited about the future. __1__

  Some goals in our life are clear, simple and easy.   For example, to make a homemade dinner every Sunday   is such a type of goal for me.  To achieve it, I only need  to create a list of supplies to buy and set aside time   according to my schedule.

__2__   In terms  of these goals ,  I love the idea    of “lighthouse planning” .  In this technique, we reach a goal by imagining it as a lighthouse in the distance.  It's dark as we get in our boats and we don't know exactly how we're going to get to that bright destination. But our lighthouse never stops flashing in the distance and it is never entirely out of sight. __3__

Now think about your lighthouse and identify it. __4__    For example, you might set your goal as “I want to become more creative”. Identifying your lighthouse is a way to start your journey with big purposes.

   But if you look around and realize that your lighthouse is getting farther away rather than closer, you should redirect your path to your lighthouse. __5__ If you've ever rowed a boat, you know there can be headwinds and storms along your journey.  In that case, focus on the next spot on the horizon instead of powering through all the way to the end.

A．Just give it a try.

B．Don't wear yourself out.

C．We can make a plan that will get us there.

D．A lighthouse­like goal is something broader.

E．So we start rowing in the direction of the light.

F.However, some goals in our life are bigger and     more challenging.

 G.  Having goals and keeping moving to them is part of walking a positive path.

Test 2

[2022·长春市普通高中高三质量监测(二)]

With the weather warming up, the desire to kick­ start a new fitness routine is very real. But after being  locked indoors for months, you may feel as though you lack exercise.__1__ ? Working out with your partner can be a great way to boost inspiration. Here are  our top tips for an exercise routine that's built to last.

Pick something you both love.

    If you love Pilates but your partner is all about lifting heavy weights, working out together might seem like an impossible task. While you can both stick to the activities you love, __2__. Pick an activity you both love, or work towards a fitness goal together, like completing a fun run or half marathon.

__3__.

  Getting sweaty doesn't sound like the most comfortable when you're doing activities, but there are things you can do to make it as enjoyable as possible. Invest in active wear that not only feels good but looks good, too. Dressing in workout gear that you're excited about can make a difference on days when the motivation might be lacking.

__4__.  It is ideal for wearing during sport or heavy­duty outdoor activities. It's sweat­resistant, with a dry­touch formula, while still offering UVA and UVB coverage.

Be supportive and have fun.

    Trying a new outdoor fitness route, or running in front of strangers along the sand, can be a little discouraging, even if you're doing it with the one you love, __5__.  Motivate each other to get out of bed on days and remind each other that you're not working out just for looks.  Getting your body moving has long­term benefits that far outweigh what can be seen from the outside.

    And remember to have fun: trying something new is tricky but finding something you both love and enjoy means you'll have a healthy habit for life.

A．Feel good with fitness preparation

B．Dress comfortably and properly to feel good

C．So how do you get motivated to get active    once more

D.choose some exercises that require very    little equipment

E.so remind your partner that you're in it together    and stay supportive

F．make time to start something new together or   work towards a common goal

G. Sunscreen is a must­have too when you choose to exercise together on the beach

[答题区]

Test 1.1～5 ________________

Test 2.1～5 ________________

第三讲　巧用“重复信息”，稳解七选五

清迷点扫盲点　提升审题能力

技法1　答案：1.E　2.D　3.A　4.F

技法2　答案：1.F　2.A　3.G　4.B

练重点练难点　创新应用体验

Test 1

语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——灯塔计划

【语篇解读】　“灯塔计划”是设定计划和目标的有效方式。通过“灯塔计划”，人们可以根据自己的实际情况调整计划，以更好地实现人生目标。

1．答案与解析：G　根据空处上句可知，设定目标能对未来保持积极、专注和兴奋。据此可知，空处进一步说明设定目标、朝着目标奋进的意义：是走在积极道路上的一部分。

2．答案与解析：F　通读第二段可知，该段主要介绍生活中明确的、简单的、容易实现的目标；结合空处下文可以推知，第三段介绍更远大、更具有挑战性的目标，且实现这种目标需要制定“灯塔计划”。

3．答案与解析：E　根据空处上句可知，灯塔在远处不停地闪烁，它从来不会离开我们的视线。结合常识可知，灯塔指引我们朝着光亮的地方划船前进。

4．答案与解析：D　根据上句可知，该处提醒我们应思考并确定灯塔目标；根据空后的“Identifying  your  lighthouse...big purposes”可知，确定灯塔目标是开启伟大目标之旅的一种方式。据此可知，空处说明灯塔目标更为广大。

5．答案与解析：B　根据空后内容可知，如果你曾经划过船，你就会知道，一路上可能会遇到逆风和暴风雨，那种情况下，关注地平线上的下一个地点，而不是一路快速划到终点。结合上文介绍的“如果目标离你更远而不是更近时，要改变方向”可以推知，空处说明不要把自己累坏。

Test 2

语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——健康的生活方式——坚持锻炼的妙招

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了一些建立长期锻炼习惯的妙招。

1．答案与解析：C　结合空后一句“Working  out  with...to boost inspiration”可知，空处应该会就如何激励自己积极锻炼提出疑问，故C项符合语境。空后的问号也是提示。

2．答案与解析：F　根据本空的特点可知，空处需要选择一个小写字母开头的选项，符合要求的有D项、E项和F项，结合空前的从句“While you can both stick to the activities you love”可知，F项“腾出时间一起开始一些新的事情，或者朝着一个共同的目标努力”符合语境。

3．答案与解析：A　根据空处所在位置可知，本空为小标题，结合文中小标题的特点可知，空处应为祈使句，符合的选项有A项和B项。根据下面两段中讲到的“Invest in active wear...Dressing in workout gear”和“offering UVA and UVB coverage”可知，这两段主要讲到了在锻炼时需要做好各种准备，故A项符合语境。

4．答案与解析：G　根据空后讲到的“It's sweat­resistant... UVB coverage”可知，此处讲到的应该是防晒的物品，故G项符合语境。

5．答案与解析：E　空前讲到尝试一条新的户外健身路线，或者沿着沙滩在陌生人面前跑步，即使和你的爱人一起，你也会感到有一点气馁，又结合标题可知，E项(所以提醒你的搭档你们是一起运动的，要给予支持)符合语境。