高考英语单项选择专项训练：情态动词

这是一份高考英语单项选择专项训练：情态动词，共19页。
单项选择
1．—Will you read me a story about Astronaut Yang Liwei, Mummy?
—OK. You ___________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A．might B．must C．could D．shall
2．The room is so clean. It must have________yesterday evening.
A．cleaned B．not clean C．been cleaned D．be cleaned
3．—Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you, Dad?
—No, you ________, son. You are free to make your decision.
A．can’t. B．mustn’t. C．shouldn’t D．needn’t
4．It’s eleven o’clock already. ______ you watch the movie at such a late hour?
A．Can B．Must C．May D．Shall
5．When Della returned from skiing, her parents complained that she________her legs when she fell over.
A．should have broken B．must have broken C．could have broken D．would have broken
6．You ___________ me up earlier. I ___________ to work today.
A．needn’t wake; didn’t have to go B．needn’t have woken; didn’t have to go
C．needn’t wake; don’t have to go D．needn’t have woken; don’t have to go
7．Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains.
A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy
8．“Whatever you want, you ________ have it on condition that you get the best result,” said the boss.
A．would B．ought to C．shall D．could
9．—The woman biologist had stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties!
A．may go through B．must have gone through
C．should have gone through D．might go through
10．——Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?
——Something ______ to him.
A．must happen B．could happen
C．would have happened D．must have happened
11．Public health experts kept telling citizens it was of utmost importance that social distancing and hygiene habits ________ amid the pandemic.
A．were to be kept B．had to be kept
C．must be kept D．should be kept
12．Just as I was hurrying to class, there ________ come Tom with a long story to tell you.
A．could B．must C．might D．would
13．We are surprised that his prediction about the experiment result ________ be so precise.
A．should B．could C．must D．will
14．Parents_____ put the things like knives and medicine away in the house to keep children safe.
A．may B．might C．can D．should
15．—________ the lady with a baby come over? We have a seat here.
—Thanks. I do have my seat here, yet my baby likes looking out of the window.
A．Would B．Shall C．Must D．May
16．It is cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.
A．might B．can C．must D．should
17．The magazine ____ Lucy’s. We can see her name on the cover.
A．mustn’t be B．can’t be C．must be D．needn’t be
18．—She is supposed to come at night.
Why hasn’t she turned up yet?
—_________?
A．What do you think may have happened to her
B．What do you think is to happen to her
C．Do you think what have happened to her
D．Do you think what may happen to her
19．People _________ talk on a mobile phone while they are driving
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．can D．must
20．The red book must ___ your teacher. Look! His name is on it.
A．be belonged to B．belong C．belongs to D．belong to
21．—Is that Ann’s husband over there?
—No, it ________ be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A．mustn’t B．won’t C．may not D．can’t
22．Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ________ too much at the party last night.
A．has to drink B．must have drunk
C．could be drunk D．needs to drink
23．—Must I return the book next Monday?
—No, you________.
A．must B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．haven’t
24．—______ you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?
—Sorry, sir, but it’s an emergency.
A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Would
25．He _______ speak a little English last year.
A．could B．can C．have to D．ought to
26．Dutch runner Sifan Hassan’s bronze medal in the women’s 1,500-meter final came after a brutal fall during the preliminary round (分组预赛), which __________her from qualifying.
A．could have stopped B．could stop
C．would stop D．should have stopped
27．You _________take photos of people without asking for permission. It is impolite.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．aren’t D．wouldn’t
28．—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh, dear! She ______ a lot of difficulties!
A．may go through B．might go through
C．need have gone through D．must have gone through
29．—Why are your eyes so red? You______ well last night.
—Yeah, I stayed up late struggling with the homework.
A．mustn’t have slept B．wouldn’t have slept
C．couldn’t have slept D．needn’t have slept
30．There was no sign of a break-in, so the thieves ________ someone on the inside helping them.
A．might have B．should have had C．could have D．must have had
31．---______ you possibly take me to the railway station on your way to work tomorrow?
---No problem.
A．May B．Might C．Should D．Could
32．—He is a very good tennis player; you ______ see him in action.
—That’s exactly what I want!
A．ought to B．are able to C．mustn’t D．might not
33．He is a shy person and he ________ not deliver a speech in front of the classmates.
A．must B．dare C．need D．may
34．— Why don’t you enter the office? They are waiting for you.
— The door ________ open, no matter how hard I pushed.
A．won’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t
35．-Hello, can I speak to Mr Smith?
-Sorry, you ________ have a wrong number. There is no one of that name here.
A．need B．can C．must D．would
36．I ________ thank you enough for all your help to my son while we were away from home.
A．won’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t
37．Didn't she notice they were crying there? How ________she just walk away from her children like that?
A．should B．would C．could D．need
38．It was annoying; I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
A．wouldn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
39．Though the girl is really proud of having a Louis Vuitton handbag, she ________tell a fake one from a real one.
A．can hardly B．shouldn’t C．can really D．mustn’t
40．When I was young, I was told that I_________play with fire.
A．needn't B．was not able to C．daren't D．mustn't
41．I couldn’t ________my eyes.
A．believed B．believe C．do believe D．to believe
42．Only when one loses something valuable _______ its value.
A．he can know B．he knew C．can he know D．did he know
43．You ________ put the task off any longer. We are all waiting for it.
A．mightn’t B．won’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t
44．Kristen was supposed to be here by noon. She ________ about our meeting.
A．would have forgotten B．should have forgotten
C．couldn’t have forgotten D．must have forgotten
45．—I phoned you last night, but...
—I didn't hear the phone. I_________asleep.
A．should be B．should have been
C．must be D．must have been
46．—You _______ better, but you were too careless.
—Sorry, Mr. Smith.
A．must have done B．can have done
C．may have done D．should have done
47．When it comes to death, Vincent Van Gogh ________ by others in that his wound didn’t indicate suicide, while Albert Einstein ________ longer but he refused surgery.
A．may have been killed; should have lived
B．should have been killed; should have lived
C．may have been killed; must have lived
D．should have been killed: must have lived
48．You ________ apologize; it can happen to anybody to be late. Come and sit down.
A．can't B．ought not to C．mustn't D．don't have to
49．The rule states that no kid________ be allowed out of school during the day unless accompanied by an adult.
A．can B．shall C．may D．need
50．—Look! There stands a man over there behind the tree.I guess it ________ be Mr.Smith.
—It ________ be him.He has gone to his hometown.He left yesterday.
A．may, can’t B．can, mustn’t
C．must, may not D．should, shouldn’t
51．It is usually very hot here in Wuxi in June, but it _______ be cool sometimes.
A．can B．must C．should D．would
52．You ________ pay attention to the children wherever they are playing.
A．in rags B．before long C．ought to D．in memory of
53．You _________ be driven out of the school if you dare to cheat in the exam.
A．should B．shall C．will D．would
54．Tina ________ have known the truth, or she would have told us.
A．mustn't B．needn't C．shouldn't D．can't
55．If _______ in, the viruses in the tomb can _______ illness, or even death.
A．breathes; contribute to B．breathing; lead to
C．breathed; result in D．breathed; result from
56．You ________ worry about their safety. They are old enough to take care of themselves.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t
57．I didn’t mean to hurt you. What I meant was that you ________ have spoken to him like that.
A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．wouldn’t D．couldn’t
58．Watch out! That tree ________ fall down.
A．will be B．shall C．would D．is going to
59．—What is an ideal team leader like?
—He ________ be responsible, determined and creative.
A．can B．may C．would D．should
60．I________ there so early because she didn't come until 10.
A．didn't need to get B．couldn't have got
C．needn't have got D．mustn't have got
61．My book, Between Two Kingdoms, is missing. Who ________have taken it?
A．must B．should
C．will D．could
62．Since nobody could help Mary with her study, she________  have finished it by herself.
A．can B．need C．must D．should
63．Only a few journalists ________ the story, which was about the president.
A．dared covered B．dare covered
C．dare to cover D．dared to cover
64．Everyone________ fasten their seat belt when sitting in the back of the car.
A．may B．can C．might D．must
65．If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly, it________ rain.
A．must B．may C．shall D．need
66．—Look, the boy is crying sadly.
—Yes. From my point of view, his mother ________ not have punished him so severely.
A．can B．must C．should D．may
67．The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you_______worry about its weight.
A．must B．may C．can't D．needn't
68．Could I use your computer for a while?
—Of course! You ________.
A．might B．can C．could D．will
69．Since the road is wet this morning, it________ last night.
A．must rain B．must be raining
C．must have rained D．must have been rained
70．“How dare you ________ that to me?” the man said angrily ________ to the boy.
A．to say; pointed B．say; to point C．say; pointing D．to say; to point
















参考答案：
1．D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——妈妈，给我讲个航天员杨利伟的故事好吗？——好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。A. might或许；B. must必须；C. could可能；D. shall将会，应该。shall用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、命令，威胁等，此句是表示允诺。故选D。
2．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这个房间太干净了。昨晚肯定打扫过。固定用法must have done表示对过去发生过的事情进行几乎完全肯定的推测；主语It代指前文The room，与动词clean为动宾关系，故需要用到被动的形式，即must have been done。故选C项。
3．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——爸爸，我必须上医学院当像你一样的医生吗？——不，不用。你可以自由地去做你自己的决定。A. can’t 不可能，B. mustn’t不许，C. shouldn’t 不应该，D. needn’t 不必要。情态动词must的一般疑问句的回答，否定要用needn’t表示“不必要；不需要；不用”。故选D。
4．B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：已经11点了。这么晚了，你一定要看电影吗？A. Can能，可以；B. Must必须，一定，偏要；C. May可以，可能；D. Shall(表示说话人的允诺、命令、决心等，用于陈述句的第二、三人称)必须，应，可。情态动词must可以表示坚持或固执，表达“偏要，偏偏”符合语境。故选B项。
5．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：黛拉滑雪回来时，她的父母抱怨她摔倒时可能会摔断腿。根据上文“her parents complained(她的父母抱怨)”可知，黛拉滑雪摔倒时可能会摔断腿只是一个对过去可能会发生的事情的推测，而且仅仅为理论上的可能性，应使用情态动词can或could，再根据情态动词的用法，表示对过去事实的推测要使用“情态动词 + have + 过去分词”结构，故选C项。
6．D
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：你本不必早点叫醒我的。我今天不用去上班。结合句意可知，第一空表示“过去本不必做某事（但是已经做了）”，用needn’t have done，根据第二空后的today可知，此处应用一般现在时，故选D。
7．A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：张桂梅，一位著名的道德模范，本可以享受更好的生活，但两者她都不关心，她致力于改变山区儿童的命运。根据情态动词的用法，表示“原本……”含义的情态动词结构为：could have + 过去分词，A项“could have enjoyed(本能够享受)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选A项。
8．C
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：老板说：“无论你想要什么，只要你能得到最好的结果，我都给你。”根据“on condition that you get the best result”可知，此处表示允诺。shall用于第二人称表示允诺、命令、警告或威胁。故选C。
9．B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——这位女生物学家在非洲研究野生动物长达13年才回国。——哦，天啊！她一定经历了很多困难！go through意为“经历”；根据语境可知，说话人所表示的是“她一定克服了很多困难”，表示对过去事实的肯定推测。故选B项。
10．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——Tom工作从来不迟到，今天怎么缺席了？——肯定遇到什么事情了。A. must happen肯定发生（对现在的推测）；B. could happen可能发生（对现在的推测）；C. would have happened过去将来完成时（对过去的虚拟语气）；D. must have happened一定发生了（表示对过去发生的动作的肯定性推测）。根据语境可知，Tom都没有迟到的先例，推测肯定因为事情而耽搁了，故是对过去事情很有把握的推测，故选D。
11．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：公共卫生专家不断告诉公民，在流感大流行期间，保持社会距离和卫生习惯是至关重要的。结合设空前后内容可知，在流感大流行期间，社交距离和卫生习惯的保持是必须的，一定要做的，情态动词must“必须”，表示必要或很重要，keep与habits之间是被动关系，故选C。
12．B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：就在我匆匆赶去上课的时候，汤姆偏偏来了，说有一个很长的故事要告诉我。A. could能够；B. must 必须，一定，偏偏，非要；C. might表示许可，可能； D. would将要，愿意。结合句意，是说我在匆忙去上课的路上，汤姆此时非要和我说事情，这里用must表示不快的心情，可以翻译为“非得，偏偏”。故选B项。
13．A
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我们很惊讶，他对实验结果的预测竟然如此准确。A. should竟然；B. could能够；C. must必须；D. will将会。由“We are surprised”可知，句子表示“我们很惊讶，他对实验结果的预测竟然如此准确”，空格处是“竟然”，故选A。
14．D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：为了保证孩子的安全，父母应该把刀子和药品之类的东西放在家里。A. may或许；可以；B. might可能；可以；C. can能；可以；D. should应该。根据句意可知，此处表示“应该”，表示劝告或者建议，故选D。
15．A
【详解】考查would用法。句意：——抱着孩子的女士过来了吗? 我们这里有个座位。——谢谢。 我的座位在这里，我的孩子喜欢看窗外。 根据句意可知，该题是考查情态动词would的用法：would可以用于表示邀请或请求。而shall用于征求意见时，主要用于第一和第三人称，句中的the lady是呼语，属于第二人称，所以不能用shall。而must表示“必须”，may多用于“请求许可”，所以C和D也不符合题意。故选A项。
16．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：天气冷，地也是湿的；昨晚肯定下雨了。A.might可能； B.can能，会； C.must一定； D.should应该。根据句子分析可知，前文提到“it is cold and the ground is wet”可知，前文给出了理由，故此处表示对过去肯定的推测，“肯定做过某事”表达为must have done sth.，故选C。
17．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这本杂志一定是露西的。我们可以在封面上看到她的名字。mustn’t禁止，不允许；can’t 不可能；must一定、必须；needn’t 不必。根据“We can see her name on the cover.”可知，这本杂志属于露西，要用must be 示肯定推测。故选C。
18．A
【详解】考查疑问句语序和情态动词的推测用法。句意：——她应该晚上来。她怎么还没来？——你觉得她发生了什么事？do you think为插入语，特殊疑问句语序为“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”，所以排除选项C和选项D。根据“Why hasn’t she turned up yet”可知，此处是对过去发生的事情的推测，所以应用may have done。故选A。
19．B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：人们不能在开车时打电话。A. can’t不能(表能力)；B. mustn’t不能（表禁止）；C. can能够；D. must必须。根据“talk on a mobile phone while they are driving”和常识可知，人们在开车的时候是禁止打电话的，故选B。
20．D
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这本红皮书一定是你老师的。看！他的名字在上面。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“belong to”，意为“属于”，没有被动语态，“sth. belong to sb.”意为“某物属于某人”，“must”为情态动词，后接动词原形，故空格处应填“belong to”。故选D项。
21．D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——那是 Ann的丈夫吗？——不，不可能是他。我确定他没戴眼镜。A.mustn’t禁止；B. won’t不会；C. may not可能不会；D. can’t不可能。由空后的“I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.”可推测，答话人对自己的回答很有把握，故选D项。
22．B
【详解】考查must have done的用法。句意：Harry感到不舒服。他昨晚一定是在聚会上喝多了。A. has to drink必须喝；B. must have drunk一定喝了；C. could be drunk可能被喝；D. needs to drink需要喝。结合“Harry is feeling uncomfortable.”及句末的last night可知，此处是对过去肯定的推测，must have done肯定做了某事，符合题意。故选B项。
23．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我一定要星期一还书吗？——不，你不必。A. must 必须，一定；B. mustn’t 禁止；C. needn’t不必；D.haven’t 没有。由No可知，此处回答是“不必”，应使用情态动词needn’t 作为must疑问句的否定回答，表示“不必”，故选C。
24．C
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——你非要现在打断我吗？你没看见我在打电话吗？——对不起，先生，这是紧急情况。A. Can能够，可以，可能；B. Should应该，居然；C. Must一定，偏要，非要；D. Would将会，总是。结合语境可知，此处表示一种埋怨或不满，用must“非要，偏要”符合题意。故选C。
25．A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：去年他会说一点英语。根据句意分析可知，“说英语”是表能力，所以应用can，且由后文 last year确定时态为过去时。故选A项。
26．D
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：荷兰选手Sifan Hassan在女子1500米决赛中获得铜牌，她在预赛中不幸摔倒，本应因此失去晋级资格。根据上文“a brutal fall during the preliminary round ”可知，此处是指在预赛中的摔倒本应让Sifan Hassan失去晋级赛资格，但她非但没有失去资格，反而在决赛中获得铜牌。表达“本应该做某事（而未做）”用should have done。故选D。
【点睛】
27．A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在没有征求允许前你不得给别人照相。那是不礼貌的。A. mustn’t must not的缩写，不得；B. needn’t need not的缩写，不必；C. aren’t are not的缩写，不是；D. wouldn’t would not的缩写，将不会。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查情态动词，需要“不得，不允许，不可以”的意思，mustn’t表禁止。故选A。
28．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——这位女生物学家在非洲研究野生动物长达13年才回国。——哦，天啊！她一定经历了很多困难！go through (经历)，根据“The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式。故选D。
29．C
【详解】考查情态动词+完成式的用法。句意：——你的眼睛为什么这么红？你昨晚肯定没睡好。——是的，我熬夜到很晚写家庭作业。mustn’t表示“禁止”，表示推测时常用肯定结构must have done“一定做了某事”；wouldn’t have done表示本不会做某事；couldn’t have done表示过去不可能做了某事，表示对过去的推测；needn’t have done表示本不必要做某事。结合“Why are your eyes so red?”可知，空处是对过去的推测，表示“昨晚不可能睡得好”，用couldn’t have done。故选C项。
30．D
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：没有闯入的迹象，所以盗贼们肯定有内应帮助他们。根据“There was no sign of a break-in”可知，此处是指对过去事实的推测，排除A项和C项；should have done表示“本应该做确没做某事”，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式。故选D。
31．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—你明天上班的路上能带我去火车站吗？—没问题。A. May可能；B. Might可能；C. Should应该；D. Could能。由语意可知，此处表示有礼貌的请求，应用情态动词could，语气上更委婉、客气。故选D项。
32．A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——他是一个很好的网球运动员；你应该看看他打球。——这正是我想要的! A. ought to应该；B. are able to能够；C. mustn’t不准；D. might not也许不。根据“He is a very good tennis player;”可知，此处是建议对方应该去看他打球。故选A。
33．B
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：他是个害羞的人，不敢在同学面前讲话。A. must必修；B. dare敢；C. need需要；D. may或许。根据上下文“He is a shy person and he ________ not deliver a speech in front of the classmates.”可知，他是一个害羞的人，所以不敢在同学面前讲话，此处表示“敢”应用情态动词dare，故选B。
34．A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——你为什么不进办公室？他们正在等你。——不管我怎么推，门都打不开。A. won’t不能，强调实施者执意要开，表意愿，主语可以是人也可以是物；B. can’t不能，表示能力；C. mustn’t不必；D. needn’t不需要。此处主语为door，且表示实施者执意要开，应用won’t。故选A。
35．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——你好，我可以和史密斯先生通话吗？——对不起，你一定是打错电话了。这里没有叫这个名字的人。A. need需要；B. can能够；C. must必须、肯定；D. would将。根据“There is no one of that name here.”可知，接电话者认为对方一定是打错电话了，表示肯定的推测，用must。故选C项。
36．B
【详解】考查情态动词和固定句型。句意：我们不在家时，你给我儿子如此帮助，我真不知道该如何感谢你。A. won't将不会；B. can't不能；C. needn't不必；D. mustn't严禁。根据“for all your help to my son”并结合语境可知，I can't thank you enough…为固定句型，意思为：感激不尽，符合题意。故选B项。
37．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：她没注意到他们在哭吗?她怎么能就这样离开她的孩子们? A. should应该；B. would将要；C. could能够；D. need需要。根据“Didn't she notice they were crying there?”可知，她怎么能够不管孩子而离开呢？故选C。
38．B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这真是令人生气的；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。A. wouldn’t不愿意；B. couldn’t不能；C. needn’t不必；D.shouldn’t不应该。根据后文get access to the data bank you had recommended.以及句意表示“不能”应用couldn’t。故选B。
39．A
【详解】考查情态动词的否定结构。句意：虽然那个女孩因为买了一个LV手提包而感到非常骄傲，但是她几乎不能分辨出真假。根据句子结构“Though”和意思可知，这里需要“不能，不会”的意思，才能构成上下文的转折。故选A。
40．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我小时候，我被告知不能玩火。A. needn't不需要；B. was not able to不能够；C. daren't不敢；D. mustn't禁止，表示“不准”，此处是一种指令、命令，故选D。
41．B
【详解】考查动词。句意：我不敢相信我的眼睛。根据空前的情态动词couldn’t可知，空处应使用动词原形。故选B项。
42．C
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：只有当一个人失去了有价值的东西，他才能知道它的价值。when引导的是时间状语从句，only修饰状语位于句首，句子部分倒装，即将助动词提前到主语前面，A和B选项为正常语序，排除；由loses可知，句子时态是一般现在时，而D选项是一般过去时，因此排除。C选项为情态动词can提前到主语前面的倒装，为正确答案，故选C。
43．C
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你不应该再推迟这项任务了。我们都在等待。A. mightn’t不可能；B. won’t不会；C. mustn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。根据后文“We are all waiting for it.”等句意可知，此处表示“你不应该再推迟了”。情态动词must表示义务、命令或必要，意为“必须；应当”，其否定式符合句意。故选C项。
44．D
【详解】考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意：克里斯汀应该中午就到。她一定是忘了我们的会议。由Kristen was supposed to be here by noon可知，Kristen现在没到，因此她一定是忘了我们的会议，句子是对过去的肯定推测，表“某人一定做过某事”用must have done，因此空格处是must have forgotten，故选D。
45．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和情态动词表推测。句意：——昨晚我给你打电话了，但是……。——我没有听到。我一定是睡着了。A. should be 应该是；B. should have been当时应该是； C. must be一定是；D. must have been当时一定是。结合两人的对话情景，设空处表示对“过去某一时间”的推测，此时应该使用“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气结构。因为没有听到电话，可以推测出一定是睡着了。故选D项。
46．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—你本来可以做得更好的，但是你太粗心了。—抱歉，史密斯先生。A. must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去的推测）；B. can have done可能做了某事（一般用于否定句和疑问句）；C. may have done可能已经做了（表示对过去的推测）；D. should have done本应该做某事（实际上没有做）。结合语意，你太粗心了，所以本来应该做得更好，实际上却没有。故选D项。
47．A
【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：谈到死亡，文森特·梵高可能被其他人杀害，因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀，而阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦本应该活得更长，但他拒绝接受手术。A. may have been killed; should have lived可能被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；B. should have been killed; should have lived本应该被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；C. may have been killed; must have lived可能被其他人杀害，一定活了很长；D. should have been killed: must have lived本应该被其他人杀害，一定活了很长。结合句意，may have done 表示对发生过的事情的推测，should have done 本应该做某事，实际未做，符合句意。故选A项。
48．D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：你不必道歉;任何人都可能迟到。过来坐下。A.can't 不能；B.ought not to 不应该；C.mustn't禁止；D. don't have to不必。根据“ it can happen to anybody to be late”可知，你不必道歉。故选D项。
49．B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：规则规定，除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子白天不允许离开学校。A. can可以，能；B. shall必须，一定；C. may可以，也许；D. need需要。根据The rule可知，此处表示规则规定，语气较强，用shall。故选B项。
50．A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——看! 树后面站着一个人。 我猜可能是史密斯先生。——不可能是他。他回家乡去了。他昨天离开的。A. may也许，can't不可能；B. can可以、能够，mustn't不允许；C. must必须，may not可能不；D. should应该，shouldn't不应该。根据I guess可知，第一个空格处语气不确定，表示不太确定的肯定猜测“也许”用may；根据答语中 “He has gone to his hometown.He left yesterday.”可知，表示有把握的否定猜测“不可能”用can't。故选A项。
51．A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：无锡的六月通常比较热，但是有时会很凉快。A. can可能；B.  must必须；C. should应该；D. would将。根据句意可知，空处应使用情态动词can，表达“有时会”，表示理论上的可能性。故选A项。
52．C
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：不管孩子们在哪儿玩，你都应该注意他们。A.in rags衣衫褴褛；B.before long不久以后；C.ought to应该；D.in memory of纪念。根据空前You和空后pay attention to的动词原形形式可知，此处应该填写情态动词，故选C。
【点睛】
53．B
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：如果你胆敢考试作弊，你会被赶出学校。根据语境可知，此处表对听话人的告诫，情态动词shall与第二人称连用时可表达此意。故选B。
54．D
【详解】考查情态动词+ have done的用法。句意：缇娜不可能知道真相，否则她就会告诉我们了。结合语境可知，此处为对过去事实的否定推测，应用can't have done“（过去）不可能做某事”。故选D。
55．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析、过去分词和动词原形。句意：如果被吸入，坟墓中的病毒会导致疾病，甚至死亡。If 条件状语从句省略句，动词breathe (呼吸)的逻辑主语是viruses，被动关系，所以用过去分词breathed，原句为 If the viruses are breathed in；第二空，情态动词can后接动词原形，contribute to (导致)，lead to (导致)，result in (导致)，result from (由……导致)。故选C项。
56．B
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：你不必担心他们的安全。他们已经大了，能照顾自己了。A.mustn’t禁止；B.needn’t不必；C.can’t不能；D.wouldn’t不会。根据“They are old enough to take care of themselves”可知，此处是指不必担心他们的安全。故选B。
57．A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我不是故意伤害你的。我的意思是你不应该那样对他说话。A. shoudn't不应该；B. mustn't禁止；C. wouldn't不会；D. couldn't不能。此处表示不应该这么做，情态动词应用shouldn’t，故选A项。
58．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：小心!那棵树要倒了。be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情；will表示的将来时间则较远些；shall用在第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中，来征求意见；would用作情态动词will的过去式。故选D。
59．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—理想的团队领导应该是什么样的?——他应该有责任心，有决心，有创造力。A. can能够，可能；B. may也许，可能；C. would将会；    D. should应该。此处指理想的团队领导应该有责任心，有决心，有创造力。表示“应该”，故选D。
60．C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：我本不必那么早到那儿，因为她十点才来。A. didn't need to get不需要到；B. couldn't have got本来没能到；C. needn't have got本不必到；D. mustn't have got必定没到。根据后文“there so early because she didn't come until 10”可知表示本不必做某事却做了，应用needn't have done。故选C。
61．D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我的书，《王国之间》不见了，谁会拿走呢？A.must一定；B. should应该；C.will就会；D.could可能。根据句意，此处指说话人看自己的书丢了，所以是猜测可能是谁拿走了。could“可能”表示对过去的推测，故选D。
62．C
【详解】考查情态动词和固定短语。句意：既然没有人能帮助玛丽学习，她一定是自己完成的。A. can能；B. need需要；C. must必须、一定；D. should应该。must have done表示“一定做了……”，用于对过去情况的肯定推测。根据句意可知，没人有能帮玛丽，所以可推测她一定是自己完成的，故选C项。。
63．D
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：只有几个记者敢报道这个关于总统的故事。表示“敢做某事”短语为dare to do sth.，如果dare 当做情态动词，后面用动词原形，可以排除A、B，结合后文which was about the president可知为一般过去时。故选D。
64．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：坐在汽车的后面，每个人都必须系好安全带。A. may可能，也许；B. can能；C.might可能，可以； D. must必须。根据常识和句意可知，坐车必须系完全带，所以用情态动词must(必须)。故选D。
65．B
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：如果鱼跳得比平时高或者青蛙叫声比平时更响，那么就有可能要下雨了。A. must必须；B. may可能；C. shall应当；D. need需要。由语意可知，鱼跳得比平时高，或者青蛙叫声比平时更响，那么就有可能要下雨，这是自然现象中的一种可能性，表推测。故选B项。
66．C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——看，这孩子哭得很伤心。——是的，在我看来，他妈妈不该这么严厉地惩罚他。本题考查“情态动词+ not have done”对过去发生事实的推断。A.can not have done本能做却没；B.must not have done一定没有做过；C.should not have done本不应该却；D.may not have done或许没有做过。结合句意可知，孩子哭得很伤心，所以母亲批评孩子很严厉。所以此处指母亲本不该那样严厉批评的。故选C。
67．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：设计者已经尝试了所有可能的方法使机器人轻，所以你不需要担心它的重量。A.must 必须；B.may 可能；C. can't 不能；D.needn't不需要。根据“tried every possible way to make the robot light ”得知，尝试所有方法让机器人轻，所以不需要担心重量。故选D。
68．B
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——我能用一下你的电脑吗？——当然！你可以。A.might可以；B.can能够；C.could能够；D.will将要。用could提问请求表示委婉语气的时候回答用can。故选B。
69．C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：既然今天早上路是湿的，昨晚一定下雨了。根据上文“the road is wet this morning”可知表示对过去的肯定推测，应用must have done。故选C。
70．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“你怎么敢给我说那些？”这个人生气的指着那个男孩说。dare是情态动词，接动词原形作谓语，故排除A、D项；分析句子可知，said是谓语动词，故point用非谓语动词形式作伴随状语，用现在分词，故选C。