北京市中关村外国语学校2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

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北京市中关村外国语学校2022——2023学年度第二学期期中试卷高二英语班级         姓名         学号         成绩         2023.04.26（注：选择题填答在通用答题卡上，否则不计成绩；考试时间90分钟，满分100分)第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完型填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。One windy spring day, I observed young people having fun flying their kites. Multicolored creations, various shapes and sizes filled the skies like beautiful birds darting and dancing. As the strong wind blew against the kites, a    1    kept them in check. Instead of blowing away with the wind, they arose against it to achieve great    2    . They shook and pulled, but the restraining string and the cumbersome tail kept them in tow, facing upwards and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to be saying, “Let me go! Let me go! I want to be    3    !” They soared beautifully even as they fought the control of the string. Finally, one of the kites    4    in breaking loose from it. Free at last, it seemed to say, “Free to fly with the wind.” Yet freedom from restraint simply put it at the     5    of the unsympathetic wind. It dropped ungracefully to the ground and landed in a mass of weeds. Free at last, free to    6    powerless, and to be blown helpless along the ground, and to lodge lifeless against the first obstruction.     7    like kites we sometimes are! Life gives us adversity(逆境),    8    and rules to follow from which we can gain strength. Restraint is a necessary opponent to the winds of opposition. We can never rise high enough to achieve our goals if we lose our necessary    9    or the rules. Let each of us rise to great heights,    10    that some of the restraints that we may chafe under(因…而感到恼怒) are actually the steady force that helps us ascend and achieve. （   ）1.A. belt    B. string    C. wire    D. fabric （   ）2.A. weights   B. lengths   C. depths   D. heights （   ）3.A. dependent  B. beautiful   C. free    D. strong （   ）4.A. tried    B. succeeded   C. failed    D. managed （   ）5.A. mercy   B. risk    C. sight    D. expense （   ）6.A. sit    B. lay    C. stand    D. lie （   ）7.A. How many  B. How much  C. How come  D. How long （   ）8.A. hopes   B. dreams   C. ambition   D. restrictions （   ）9.A. opponents  B. friends   C. assistants   D. supporters （   ）10.A. organizing  B. admitting   C. recognizing  D. recommending第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThe Last Leaf is about the story of two young painters in Greenwich Village, Sue and Johnsy, and their neighbour, Behrman. Johnsy suffered    11    severe pneumonia in the cold November, and her condition became     12    (serious) than it used to be. And she put the hope of life on the last leaf outside the window,    13    (think) that when the last leaf fell, it was the end of her life. As a result, she lost the courage and faith    14    (live). BCloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially. The first successfully cloned animal was a sheep    15    (name) Dolly in 1996. In January 2018, the two cloned long-tailed monkeys    16    (announce) by Chinese scientists. They were the first-ever primates,     17    proved to be much harder. The success has led to worldwide praise as a huge breakthrough. CIf you are looking for unique adventure, the Space and Aviation (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun. So far, more than 750,000 people    18    (graduate) from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide    19     (various) of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know    20    it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot. 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节 阅读选择（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAwesome Achievement Your college graduation Fills us with love and pride. We always knew that you could do Whatever you really tried. It’s a long and challenging journey To get a college degree, But you wouldn’t quit it, you just went and did it, And we’re beaming affectionately. Your achievement is awesome, my kid; You’ve worked hard and you’ve passed the test. We love you so, and we want you to know, We think you’re the very best! By Joanna Mom, from the time I was really young, I realized I had someone… you, who always protected me, who was always there for me no matter what. You taught me to do the right thing, even when it was hard to do. You took care of me when I was sick, and your love helped make me well.You had rules, and I learned that when I obeyed them, my life was simpler, better, richer. You were and are the guiding light of my life. My heart is filled with love for you, my teacher, my friend, my mother.By Karl 21.Where are the two poems taken from? A. A website for school curricula.   B. A website for kids reading. C. A website for advice.    D. A website for learning tips. 22.What does Joanna show in her poem? A. Her great pride in her son’s graduation. B. Her gratitude to her mom after her graduation. C. Her son’s happiness in passing the final exams. D. Her joy in the hard and challenging journey. 23.Which of the following can be the best title for Karl’s work? A. My Guiding Light.     B. When I Was Young. C. No Matter What.     D. The Rules to Follow BBertie knew there was something in the wind. His mother had been sad in recent days, not sick, just strangely sad. The lion had just lain down beside him, his head warm on Bertie’s feet when Father cleared his throat and began, “You’ll soon be eight, Bertie. A boy needs a proper education. We’ve found the right place for you, a school near Salisbury in England.”His heart filled with a terrible fear, all Bertie could think of was his white lion. “But the lion,” he cried, “What about the lion?”“I’m afraid there’s something else I have to tell you,” his father said. Looking across at Bertie’s mother, he took a deep breath. Then he told Bertie he had met a circus owner from France, who was over in Africa looking for lions to buy. He would come to their farm in a few days. “No! You can’t send him to a circus!” said Bertie. “People will come to see him. He’ll be shut up behind bars. I promised him he never would be. And they will laugh at him. He’d rather die. Any animal would!” But as he looked across the table at them, he knew their minds were quite made up. Bertie felt completely betrayed. He waited until he heard his father’s deep breathing next door. With his white lion at his heels, he slipped downstairs, took down his father’s hunting rifle from the rack and stepped out into the night. He ran and ran till his legs could run no more. As the sun came up over the grassland, he climbed to the top of a hill and sat down, his arms round the lion’s neck. The time had come. “Be wild now,” he whispered. “You’ve got to be wild. Don’t ever come home. All my life, I’ll think of you. I promise I will.” He buried his head in the lion’s neck. Then, Bertie clambered down the hill and walked away. When he looked back, the lion was still sitting there watching him; but then he stood up, yawned, stretched, and sprang down after him. Bertie shouted at him, but he kept coming. He threw sticks. He threw stones. Nothing worked. There was only one thing left to do. With tears filling his eyes and his mouth, he lifted the rifle to his shoulder and fired over the lion’s head. 24.Bertie’s mother was sad probably because she       . A. had been seriously ill recently     B. had decided to send Bertie to school C. knew selling the lion would upset Bertie   D. knew Bertie would hate to go to England 25.In the last paragraph, the boy lifted the rifle to       . A. kill the lion out of anger      B. show his anger towards his father C. protect himself from the lion     D. threaten the lion back to the wild 26.The passage intends to show that       . A. animal-hunting is popular in Africa B. parents are sometimes cruel to their children C. people and animals can be faithful to each other D. animals usually lead a miserable life in circuses CBorn with severe hearing loss, Li has found her way to communicate with the world-through painting. Before learning to paint, Li always felt lonely in a silent world. She knew she was different from her peers because she could not hear. But a painting class in primary school opened for her a door to creativity and a way of expression. “I still remember my first mural, which was to help a kindergarten to design and paint its wall,” Li says. “The project made me realize how happy I was immersing myself into painting.”To pursue her passion for art, Li went to study advertising design at a vocational and technical school. “Painting brushes can help me create a colorful world in my imagination, telling my thoughts on paper, instead of through voices,” Li said. Graduating from college in 2005, Li got a job as a typist at a public institute. But she could not communicate well with her other colleagues. Her husband understood how she felt because he lost his hearing due to medication when he was 1 year old. He is also an art lover. In March 2016, under her husband's suggestion, Li quit her job and joined her husband's company, which specializes in 3D wall and ground paintings. Wall painting is a demanding job because it requires people to work outdoors, whether in extremely cold or hot weather. As all the people are hearing-impaired in their company, communication with clients is the most common challenge that the team faces.Now in many parks and scenic spots, the couple have created large-scale murals and interactive pavement painting that make onlookers a part of the drawings. “My husband and I want to introduce painting to more people like us and help them find their own way to make a living,” Li says. Now Li has an apprentice who just graduated from college. While coaching the newcomer, Li is exploring her own style and hopes to become an illustrator and open her own exhibition one day. “They're energetic young people with a passion to create new things, and you can feel that in their paintings,” one of their clients said. “They're also a professional, dedicated team, often working late into the night on the designs for us.”Li hopes that their stories can encourage more hearing-impaired people to build their own careers and achieve their goals, regardless of how tough it may be. 27. According to the passage, the painting class in primary school         A. started Li's first advertising design B. helped Li find a new way to express herself C. made Li learn about 3D wall and ground paintings D. turned Li's dream of opening an exhibition into reality 28. What can we know from this passage? A. Li can communicate with her clients easily. B. Li lost her hearing when she was 1 year old. C. Li and her husband have created many wonderful paintings. D. Li and her husband hope to become illustrators in the future. 29. To help people with hearing loss, what does Li intend to do? A. Donate money to them. B. Design painting gifts for them. C. Inspire them to create their own careers. D. Support them to complete college education. 30. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. One is never too old to learn. B. Failure is the mother of success. C. Accepting what you have makes you happy. D. Nothing is impossible to the man who will try. DEach year, road accidents kill a million people and injure millions more. The economic costs are greatest for developing countries. Earlier this year, the United Nations called for a campaign to improve road safety. One way to avoid accidents is better driving. Another is better roads and bridges. Engineers in the Unites States have designed ten new concrete mixtures that they think could make bridges last longer. Professor Paul Tikalsky leads the experiments by a team at Pennsylvania State University. He says bridges made of concrete now last about twenty-five to thirty-five years. But he says the new mixtures might extend that to seventy-five or even one-hundred years. Concrete is made of stone, sand, water and cement(水泥). The materials in the cement hold the concrete together. Ancient Romans built with concrete. Yet strengthened concrete bridges did not appear until the late 1800s. People keep looking for new ways to improve concrete. Professor Tikalsky says it is one of the most complex of all chemical systems. The new mixtures designed by his team contain industrial waste products. He says these make the concrete better able to resist damage from water and salt over time. One of the products is fly ash. This is released into the air as pollution when coal is burned. Professor Tikalsky says particles (颗粒) of fly ash are almost exactly the same size and chemical structure as Portland cement. This is the most costly material in concrete. So using fly ash to replace some of it would save money. Over the next two years, engineers will study ten bridges in Pennsylvania. These were built from the different cement mixtures designed by Professor Tikalsky’s team. He says longer-lasting bridges could save the state more than 35 million dollars a year. And he says the materials would be environmentally friendly. The federal government is paying for part of the research. Engineers anywhere can use the technology. Professor Tikalsky says some of the ideas have already been put to use in China, the Philippines and other countries. 31.Why did the United Nations launch the campaign? A. Because two million people were killed in the accidents. B. Because engineers wanted to design ten new concrete mixtures. C. Because the economic costs are greatest for developing countries. D. Because the United Nations wanted to reduce road accidents and economic costs 32.What does the underlined word “this” in the sixth paragraph refer to ? A. Fly ash   B. Portland cement  C. Sand    D. Chemical 33.What can we conclude from the passage? A. Engineers have to pay a lot of energy and money to use the new bridge technology. B. Pennsylvania State University is paying all the money for the research. C. Bridges built with fly ash are cheaper than common bridges. D. Fly ash is much more expensive than Portland cement. 34.What does the passage mainly tell us? A. The advantages of fly ash B. The causes of road accidents. C. The measures of avoiding road accidents D. Latest information about long-life concrete bridges 第二节(共５小题；每小题２分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Has anyone ever told you, “Stand up straight!” or scolded you for sitting lazily at a family dinner? Comments like that might be annoying, but they're not wrong.35 It is the foundation for every movement your body makes, and can determine how well your body adapts to the stresses on it. These stresses can be things like carrying weight, or sitting in an awkward position. 36 If your posture isn't good enough, your muscles have to work harder to keep you upright and balanced. Some muscles will become tight and inflexible. 37 It increases the likelihood of accidents, and makes some organs, like your lungs, less efficient. So what does good posture look like? If you're sitting, your neck should be vertical, not tilted forward. Your shoulders should be relaxed with your arms close to your trunk. Your knees should be at a right angle with your feet flat on the floor. But what if your posture can't be that great? 38 For example, adjust your screen so it's at or slightly below eye level. Make sure all parts of your body, like your elbows and wrists, are supported. It's also not enough to just have good posture. Keeping your muscles and joints moving is extremely important. In fact, being still for long periods with good posture can be worse than regular movement with bad posture. 39 And be sure to exercise. Using your muscles will keep them strong enough to support you effectively, on top of all the other benefits to your joints, bones, brain and heart. A. Try redesigning your environment. B. You adjust your body unless you feel tired. C. So if you sit a lot, get up and move around on occasion. D. And the big one that we all experience every day is gravity. E. Besides, poor posture leads to extra wear and tear on your joints. F. Posture can even influence your emotional state and your sensitivity to pain. G. Your posture refers to the way you hold your body when you're sitting or standing. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读与表达(共4小题；第1-2题每小题2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。The Secret to Improving Your MemoryIf you want to improve your memory, you need to know how your brain works. You might be surprised to hear that your lifestyle habits might be making it difficult for you to correctly record each piece of information, experience, or learning. It would appear that the secret to improving your memory is really simple. It’s to take breaks. As a matter of fact, the brain has more limited energy resources than you probably think. Therefore, it tires quickly and its levels of attention begin to drop after about 30 to 45 minutes. The hippocampus(海马体) is the area of your brain that’s responsible for consolidating (巩固) your short-term memories in the long term. Furthermore, for this consolidation to be possible, there must be an connection with different regions of the cerebral cortex (大脑皮层). Currently, we know that, for best connectivity, we must rest. Therefore, factors such as tiredness, negative feelings, or stress make it difficult to connect one area to the other. Michaela Dewar, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh in the United Kingdom, conducted a study with other experts to understand how to improve memory consolidation processes. What they found was that something as simple as taking breaks of between nine and 15 minutes improves memory, both in healthy people and in those with neurological damage. However, there’s one small detail that’s important. The rest must be real rest. In other words, you should go to a quiet space and not have any distractions (分心的事) around you. This includes not having your cell phone nearby. The secret to improving your memory requires you to rest for between ten and 15 minutes leaving your mind completely empty. In fact, knowing how to rest is decisive for your cognitive function, balancing your emotions, and renewing your energy. Your lifestyle plays an extremely important role in the way your memory functions. Rest isn’t wasting time. In fact, allowing yourself small breaks is investing in your health and well-being. 40. What is the secret to improve your memory? 41.What factors may influence the connection between different regions of cerebral cortex? 42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Taking rests is important for your memory and spending about 15 minutes in playing with your phone will help improve it. 43.In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, what else can you do to improve your memory? (In about 40 words) 第二节（20分）你的英国笔友Peter准备来北京旅游，他对中国的传统文化特别感兴趣，这次来北京他想感受一下中国传统节日的氛围，请你给他推荐一个合适的时间来北京。内容包括：1.推荐旅游时间2.说明推荐理由注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Peter， I'm glad to know that                                                                                      Yours,Li Hua    首师大附属育新学校中学部 2022——2023 学年度第二学期期中试卷高二英语2023.04.26 一、完型填空 1-5 BDCBA  6-10 DBDAC 二、语法填空 11.from     12.more serious   13.thinking    14.to live   15.named16.was announced   17.which    18.have graduated   19.variety   20.what 四、阅读理解 A: BAA   B: CDC   C: DCBC   D: DBCD 七选五：BDGEA 五、阅读表达 40. Taking breaks. 41. Tiredness, negative feelings, and stress. 42. Taking rests is important for your memory and spending about 15 minutes in playing with your phone will help improve it. According to the passage, when taking rests, you should go to a quiet space and not have any distractions around you. This includes not having your cell phone nearby. So you can't playing with your phone. 43. Firstly, when studying, I will focus my attention and don’t think about other things. Secondly, I try to understand what I am learning. By doing so, I can remember things for a long time. Thirdly, by going over what I have learned in time, I will not forget the things easily.