还剩22页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：2023年高考押题预测卷
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2023年高考押题预测卷02（上海专用）-英语（全解全析）
展开
这是一份2023年高考押题预测卷02（上海专用）-英语（全解全析），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分；共25分），3万人死于感染， 遣词造句， W， M等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考押题预测卷02
英语·全解全析
I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
1-5. ADABB 6-10. BCDBC 11-13. CBB 14-16. BCA 17-20.ADBD
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
【答案】
21．faster 22．Though##Although##While 23．for 24．meant 25．can 26．to earn 27．because 28．being caught 29．which 30．that
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。纽约市禁止电动自行车的禁令，文章介绍了此禁令的原因，也反映了此禁令给依靠电动自行车谋生的快递员带来的影响。
21．考查副词。句意：大多数电动自行车的速度可达每小时32公里左右，但也有一些能跑得更快。根据句意，副词fast修饰动词go，much修饰修饰副词的比较等级，故填faster。
22．考查连词。句意：尽管在纽约拥有电动自行车是合法的，操作它们是不合法的。逗号前后有转折关系，故填although或though或while。设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
23．考查介词。句意：当地官员认为，在街道和人行道上使用电动自行车是危险的，这是该禁令的原因。此处考查短语reason for，意为“……的原因”，设空处应用介词for，介词短语作后置定语。故填for。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，该市宣布了严厉的措施，旨在追究电动自行车骑手和雇佣骑手的餐馆的责任。句子谓语为announced，故设空处为非谓语动词，mean与逻辑主语measures之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填meant。
25．考查情态动词。句意：警察也可以没收自行车。根据下文“He says (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers. (如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。)”可知，电动自行车会被没收，警察可以没收违法的电动自行车，设空处应填情态动词can，表“会”，故填can。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的工作要求他们快速工作，长时间工作，以赚取足够的钱生活。此处考查目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to earn。
27．考查连词。句意：快递员廉德清表示，高质量的工作很重要，因为他们的工作也依赖于小费。空前和空后的句子之间为因果关系，应用because，引导原因状语从句。故填because。
28．考查动名词。句意：他说，如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。He says后接宾语从句，谓语动词为cause，设空处与having the bike seized并列作主语，故用动名词，catch与逻辑主语workers之间为动宾关系，应用被动形式，故填being caught。
29．考查定语从句。句意：多·李就职于自行车公共项目，该项目为纽约市的自行车相关工作人员提供帮助。the Biking Public Project为先行词，后接非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
30．考查同位语从句。句意：他不接受电动自行车给市民带来危险的说法。argument后是对其进行补充说明的同位语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。
Section B
【答案】
31．C 32．H 33．F 34．D 35．B 36．J 37．E 38．A 39．G 40．I
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章的主要内容是：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们认为将基因工程商业化可能会带来难以预料的后果。
31．考查名词。句意：他们梦想在汽车中放置酶来监测尾气，并将污染数据发送给微处理器，然后由微处理器调整发动机。根据句意和空格前的动词monitor可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作动词monitor的宾语，exhaust“尾气”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
32．考查动词。句意：他们提到了《纽约时报》所说的“渴求金属的微生物，它们可能被用来从海水中开采有价值的微量金属。”根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，mine“开矿，采矿”是动词，符合句意。故选H项。
33．考查名词。句意：紧张的批评者，包括许多科学家，担心在整个生物技术领域存在着企业、国家、国际和科学间的竞争。根据句意和空格前的形容词nervous以及句中的谓语动词worry可知，空格处应该填入一个名词复数形式做主语，critics“批评者；评论家”为名词，符合句意。故选F项。
34．考查形容词。句意：然而，剧毒微生物的产生和意外释放只是引起警惕的原因之一。根据句意和空格后的名词release可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰名词release，accidental“意外的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。
35．考查形容词。句意：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们正在谈论那些超乎想象的可能性。根据句意和空格前的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和rational并列的形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词scientists，respectable“值得尊敬的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。
36．考查现在分词。句意：我们是否应该让人类拥有像牛一样的胃，这样他们就能消化草和干草，从而通过改变我们的饮食结构，使我们吃食物链下游的食物，从而重新解决食物问题？根据句意和空格后的the food problem可知，空格处应该填入一个现在分词形式作状语，relieving“减轻；缓和”为现在分词，符合句意。故选J项。
37．考查过去分词。句意：我们是否应该从生理上改变工人以适应工作要求，例如，创造反应速度更快的飞行员或设计流水线工人为我们做单调的工作？根据句意可知，空格处应该填入一个过去分词形式作定语，修饰前面的名词workers，designed“设计”为过去分词，符合句意。故选E项。
38．考查形容词。句意：我们是否应该为自己培养储备器官，让每个人都拥有一个装满备用肾脏、肝脏或双手的“储蓄银行”？根据句意和空格后的名词kidneys, livers or hands可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词，spare“备用的”为形容词，符合句意。故选A项。
39．考查名词。句意：尽管这些概念听起来很疯狂，但在科学界，每个人都有它的支持者(和反对者)，也有它惊人的商业应用。根据句意和空格后的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和opposers并列的名词，advocates“拥护者；支持者”为名词，符合句意。故选G项。
40．考查副词。句意：随着每一项新的基因进展在商业上变得实用，新的消费者需求将被开发出来，新技术的市场也将被创造出来。根据句意和空格后的形容词practical可知，空格处应该填入一个副词，修饰后面的practical，commercially“商业上；商业化地”为副词，符合句意。故选I项。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
【答案】
41． B 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．A
51．D 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们说明了深思熟虑并不总是最好的选择，某些时候，直觉的优势更大。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题。A.uncovered揭露；B.spotted发现；C.blocked阻碍；D.encountered遭遇。由上文“Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without thinking too hard.”可知讲述了人类经过数百万年的进化，已经能够不费吹灰之力地对某些情况作出反应，即发现某些情况，可以立即作出反应，故推知“If your ancestors __movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”表述的是如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题，即发现某些情况会立即作出反应，承接了前文所述内容；故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同时，分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因。A.capacity能力；B.motive原因，动机；C.reluctance勉强；D.urge冲动。由本句“At the same time, the _2_to analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people from other animals.”可知提到了人类与其他动物的区别，常识可知人类之所以要比其他动物高级，就是具有其他动物所不具备的某些方面的能力，故推知本处表述的是分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因；故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.consultation磋商；B.anticipation期盼；C.assumptions假设；D.reaction反应。由本句“The question of when to trust your gut(直觉)and when to test your __3_ —whether to think fast or slow ,in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist”可知用Daniel Kahneman的话来说，凭借直觉来判断即是快速思考，而慢速思考则是与快速思考相反的，即与凭借直觉判断是相反的，推知慢速思考即是通过慢慢检验自己的假设，然后才作出判断；故空处表达的是“假设”；故选C项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.integrates使结合；B.matters要紧；C. works工作；D.abuses虐待。由文章第一段“If your ancestors___movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”可知祖先们遇到异常情况会先跑再问，是因为他们所生存的环境是非常险恶的，所以快速思考和慢速思考在大草原上很重要；文章第三段“Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace”提到了深思熟虑在职场的重要性；文章第四段“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知提到了本能在职场的一席之位；故推知本处“whether to think fast or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist—__4_ in the office as much as it does in the savannah(大草原).”讲述的是快速思考还是慢速思考在办公室和大草原一样要紧；故选B项。
45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：程序越来越多地被设计用来消灭本能反应。A.bring out拿出；B.pick out挑选；C.make out起草；D.stamp out消灭。由上文“Strategic changes and budget discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations.”可知战略变革和预算讨论建立在一轮又一轮的会议、备忘录、公式和演讲之上，即在作出决策之前，要经过很多道程序，经过一次又一次的讨论，这样所作出的决策全是深思熟虑后的结果，完全消灭了由本能所作出的反应；故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从盲目筛选求职者到使用“红色团队”技术来分析公司的计划，精确打败了直觉。A.equals等于；B.comprises包括；C.beats打败；D.boosts激励。由本句“From blind screening of job applicants to using “red-teaming” techniques to pick apart a firm’s plans, precision__6_instinct.”可知原本是通过直觉来筛选求职者的，现在是利用“红色团队”技术来分析公司计划，寻找出最适合公司的求职者，这种办法能最直接找准目标，所以是精确地打败了由原本凭借直觉所作出的判断；故选C项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，本质上难以进行分析。A.manageable可做到的；B.adaptable有适应能力的；C.familiar相似的；D.sensitive敏感的。由本句“Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and inherently(固有的)less__7_to analysis.”可知一些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，即主观性因素较多，这个就难以以理性思维来分析了，less manageable 是难做到的，符合题意，故选A项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：市场营销活动是否抓住了你公司的精髓，或者说，这个人是否能与团队中的其他人很好地合作？A.attention注意；B.opportunity机会；C.status地位；D.essence精髓。由本段第一句“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知讲述了本能也站一席之地的；下句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”提到了直觉通常是更好的行为指南，推知本句“Does a marketing campaign capture the _8_ of your company, say, or would this person work well with other people in a team?”表达的意思营销活动是否让你公司直接并精确受益，即是否抓住你公司的精髓，完全依靠经过深思熟虑的营销政策能否解决问题？或者说筛选出来的人是否能与团队中其他人合作？这些都意在表明有些时候直觉还是能被利用上的，深思熟虑后制定的政策并不适用于一切场合，本句与本段第一句主旨相符，故推知空处表示“精髓”；故选D项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在棘手的客户服务情况下，直觉往往是比脚本更好的行为指南。A.rough粗糙的；B.tough棘手的；C.nervous神经紧张的；D.neutral中立的。由本句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”可知提到直觉是更好的行为指南，这是在某种情况下，推知如果在简单容易的客户服务里，就按照制定好的策略执行就行了，但是在棘手的情况下，那直觉发挥的作用就比制定好的脚本更适用了，故推知空处表示的是“棘手的”，用tough；故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直觉也可以得到改善。A.improved改善；B. copied复制；C.transferred转移；D.weakened变弱。由下文“Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more unfailing with experience.”可知大量的研究表明，直觉在经验的帮助下变得更加可靠，因为文章前面段落一直在强调很多情况下深思熟虑取代本能直觉，肯定是凭借直觉判断有很大不足才会被深思熟虑所取代，而本处提到了直觉在经验的帮助下会变更可靠，这个就是直觉的一个改善，故空处表示“改善”；故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2012年进行的一个著名的实验中，志愿者被要求评估一些名牌手袋是假的还是真的。A.ensure确保；B.extinguish扑灭；C.clarify阐明；D.assess评定，评估。由本句“whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real”可知提到了一些名牌手提袋的真假；下文“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags;”对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，可推知本处是让他们评定这些手提袋的真假，拥有至少三个手提袋的人的直觉会更准，这个就是经验使直觉更可靠；故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，它的表现比分析更好。A. undertook承担；B.outperformed比……表现更好；C.facilitated促进；D.paralleled与……平行。由上句“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags”可知对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，即直觉比理性分析更有效，故“it__12_analysis.”表述的是它比分析表现更好；故选B项。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，信奉快速思维的真正原因是，它确实很快。A.Likewise同样地；B.However然而；C.Consequently因此；D.Moreover此外。由上句“The more expert you become, the better your instincts tend to be.”可知提到越专业的话直觉就越精确，那么精确度是我们应该信奉快速思维的原因吗？下文给出答案“_13__ , the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast.”即信奉快速思维的真正原因是它很快，故推知空处表示“然而”，意在表明虽然直觉有时候精确，然而我们信奉它的真正原因是因为它快；故选B项。
54．考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A.anything任何事物；B.something某事；C.nothing没有什么；D.everything每一事物。nothing but是固定搭配，译为“只不过是……”，符合题意；故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A. cooperate合作；B.prioritize优先处理；C.convince使信服；D.strive奋斗。由本句“The workplace is___but a succession of choices, a few big and many small: what to __15_ , when to intervene, whom to avoid in the lifts and, now, where to work each day.”可知讲到了职场是一连串的选择，有大有小，既然有这么多选择，那么总要有先后处理的顺序，故推知空处表示“优先处理”，与后面句子构成排比，即什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁等等；故选B项。
Section B
IV. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
【答案】
21．faster 22．Though##Although##While 23．for 24．meant 25．can 26．to earn 27．because 28．being caught 29．which 30．that
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。纽约市禁止电动自行车的禁令，文章介绍了此禁令的原因，也反映了此禁令给依靠电动自行车谋生的快递员带来的影响。
21．考查副词。句意：大多数电动自行车的速度可达每小时32公里左右，但也有一些能跑得更快。根据句意，副词fast修饰动词go，much修饰修饰副词的比较等级，故填faster。
22．考查连词。句意：尽管在纽约拥有电动自行车是合法的，操作它们是不合法的。逗号前后有转折关系，故填although或though或while。设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
23．考查介词。句意：当地官员认为，在街道和人行道上使用电动自行车是危险的，这是该禁令的原因。此处考查短语reason for，意为“……的原因”，设空处应用介词for，介词短语作后置定语。故填for。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，该市宣布了严厉的措施，旨在追究电动自行车骑手和雇佣骑手的餐馆的责任。句子谓语为announced，故设空处为非谓语动词，mean与逻辑主语measures之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填meant。
25．考查情态动词。句意：警察也可以没收自行车。根据下文“He says (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers. (如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。)”可知，电动自行车会被没收，警察可以没收违法的电动自行车，设空处应填情态动词can，表“会”，故填can。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的工作要求他们快速工作，长时间工作，以赚取足够的钱生活。此处考查目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to earn。
27．考查连词。句意：快递员廉德清表示，高质量的工作很重要，因为他们的工作也依赖于小费。空前和空后的句子之间为因果关系，应用because，引导原因状语从句。故填because。
28．考查动名词。句意：他说，如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。He says后接宾语从句，谓语动词为cause，设空处与having the bike seized并列作主语，故用动名词，catch与逻辑主语workers之间为动宾关系，应用被动形式，故填being caught。
29．考查定语从句。句意：多·李就职于自行车公共项目，该项目为纽约市的自行车相关工作人员提供帮助。the Biking Public Project为先行词，后接非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
30．考查同位语从句。句意：他不接受电动自行车给市民带来危险的说法。argument后是对其进行补充说明的同位语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。
Section B
【答案】
31．C 32．H 33．F 34．D 35．B 36．J 37．E 38．A 39．G 40．I
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章的主要内容是：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们认为将基因工程商业化可能会带来难以预料的后果。
31．考查名词。句意：他们梦想在汽车中放置酶来监测尾气，并将污染数据发送给微处理器，然后由微处理器调整发动机。根据句意和空格前的动词monitor可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作动词monitor的宾语，exhaust“尾气”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
32．考查动词。句意：他们提到了《纽约时报》所说的“渴求金属的微生物，它们可能被用来从海水中开采有价值的微量金属。”根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，mine“开矿，采矿”是动词，符合句意。故选H项。
33．考查名词。句意：紧张的批评者，包括许多科学家，担心在整个生物技术领域存在着企业、国家、国际和科学间的竞争。根据句意和空格前的形容词nervous以及句中的谓语动词worry可知，空格处应该填入一个名词复数形式做主语，critics“批评者；评论家”为名词，符合句意。故选F项。
34．考查形容词。句意：然而，剧毒微生物的产生和意外释放只是引起警惕的原因之一。根据句意和空格后的名词release可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰名词release，accidental“意外的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。
35．考查形容词。句意：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们正在谈论那些超乎想象的可能性。根据句意和空格前的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和rational并列的形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词scientists，respectable“值得尊敬的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。
36．考查现在分词。句意：我们是否应该让人类拥有像牛一样的胃，这样他们就能消化草和干草，从而通过改变我们的饮食结构，使我们吃食物链下游的食物，从而重新解决食物问题？根据句意和空格后的the food problem可知，空格处应该填入一个现在分词形式作状语，relieving“减轻；缓和”为现在分词，符合句意。故选J项。
37．考查过去分词。句意：我们是否应该从生理上改变工人以适应工作要求，例如，创造反应速度更快的飞行员或设计流水线工人为我们做单调的工作？根据句意可知，空格处应该填入一个过去分词形式作定语，修饰前面的名词workers，designed“设计”为过去分词，符合句意。故选E项。
38．考查形容词。句意：我们是否应该为自己培养储备器官，让每个人都拥有一个装满备用肾脏、肝脏或双手的“储蓄银行”？根据句意和空格后的名词kidneys, livers or hands可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词，spare“备用的”为形容词，符合句意。故选A项。
39．考查名词。句意：尽管这些概念听起来很疯狂，但在科学界，每个人都有它的支持者(和反对者)，也有它惊人的商业应用。根据句意和空格后的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和opposers并列的名词，advocates“拥护者；支持者”为名词，符合句意。故选G项。
40．考查副词。句意：随着每一项新的基因进展在商业上变得实用，新的消费者需求将被开发出来，新技术的市场也将被创造出来。根据句意和空格后的形容词practical可知，空格处应该填入一个副词，修饰后面的practical，commercially“商业上；商业化地”为副词，符合句意。故选I项。
V. Reading Comprehension
Section A
【答案】
42． B 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．A
51．D 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们说明了深思熟虑并不总是最好的选择，某些时候，直觉的优势更大。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题。A.uncovered揭露；B.spotted发现；C.blocked阻碍；D.encountered遭遇。由上文“Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without thinking too hard.”可知讲述了人类经过数百万年的进化，已经能够不费吹灰之力地对某些情况作出反应，即发现某些情况，可以立即作出反应，故推知“If your ancestors __movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”表述的是如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题，即发现某些情况会立即作出反应，承接了前文所述内容；故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同时，分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因。A.capacity能力；B.motive原因，动机；C.reluctance勉强；D.urge冲动。由本句“At the same time, the _2_to analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people from other animals.”可知提到了人类与其他动物的区别，常识可知人类之所以要比其他动物高级，就是具有其他动物所不具备的某些方面的能力，故推知本处表述的是分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因；故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.consultation磋商；B.anticipation期盼；C.assumptions假设；D.reaction反应。由本句“The question of when to trust your gut(直觉)and when to test your __3_ —whether to think fast or slow ,in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist”可知用Daniel Kahneman的话来说，凭借直觉来判断即是快速思考，而慢速思考则是与快速思考相反的，即与凭借直觉判断是相反的，推知慢速思考即是通过慢慢检验自己的假设，然后才作出判断；故空处表达的是“假设”；故选C项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.integrates使结合；B.matters要紧；C. works工作；D.abuses虐待。由文章第一段“If your ancestors___movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”可知祖先们遇到异常情况会先跑再问，是因为他们所生存的环境是非常险恶的，所以快速思考和慢速思考在大草原上很重要；文章第三段“Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace”提到了深思熟虑在职场的重要性；文章第四段“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知提到了本能在职场的一席之位；故推知本处“whether to think fast or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist—__4_ in the office as much as it does in the savannah(大草原).”讲述的是快速思考还是慢速思考在办公室和大草原一样要紧；故选B项。
45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：程序越来越多地被设计用来消灭本能反应。A.bring out拿出；B.pick out挑选；C.make out起草；D.stamp out消灭。由上文“Strategic changes and budget discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations.”可知战略变革和预算讨论建立在一轮又一轮的会议、备忘录、公式和演讲之上，即在作出决策之前，要经过很多道程序，经过一次又一次的讨论，这样所作出的决策全是深思熟虑后的结果，完全消灭了由本能所作出的反应；故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从盲目筛选求职者到使用“红色团队”技术来分析公司的计划，精确打败了直觉。A.equals等于；B.comprises包括；C.beats打败；D.boosts激励。由本句“From blind screening of job applicants to using “red-teaming” techniques to pick apart a firm’s plans, precision__6_instinct.”可知原本是通过直觉来筛选求职者的，现在是利用“红色团队”技术来分析公司计划，寻找出最适合公司的求职者，这种办法能最直接找准目标，所以是精确地打败了由原本凭借直觉所作出的判断；故选C项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，本质上难以进行分析。A.manageable可做到的；B.adaptable有适应能力的；C.familiar相似的；D.sensitive敏感的。由本句“Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and inherently(固有的)less__7_to analysis.”可知一些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，即主观性因素较多，这个就难以以理性思维来分析了，less manageable 是难做到的，符合题意，故选A项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：市场营销活动是否抓住了你公司的精髓，或者说，这个人是否能与团队中的其他人很好地合作？A.attention注意；B.opportunity机会；C.status地位；D.essence精髓。由本段第一句“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知讲述了本能也站一席之地的；下句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”提到了直觉通常是更好的行为指南，推知本句“Does a marketing campaign capture the _8_ of your company, say, or would this person work well with other people in a team?”表达的意思营销活动是否让你公司直接并精确受益，即是否抓住你公司的精髓，完全依靠经过深思熟虑的营销政策能否解决问题？或者说筛选出来的人是否能与团队中其他人合作？这些都意在表明有些时候直觉还是能被利用上的，深思熟虑后制定的政策并不适用于一切场合，本句与本段第一句主旨相符，故推知空处表示“精髓”；故选D项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在棘手的客户服务情况下，直觉往往是比脚本更好的行为指南。A.rough粗糙的；B.tough棘手的；C.nervous神经紧张的；D.neutral中立的。由本句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”可知提到直觉是更好的行为指南，这是在某种情况下，推知如果在简单容易的客户服务里，就按照制定好的策略执行就行了，但是在棘手的情况下，那直觉发挥的作用就比制定好的脚本更适用了，故推知空处表示的是“棘手的”，用tough；故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直觉也可以得到改善。A.improved改善；B. copied复制；C.transferred转移；D.weakened变弱。由下文“Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more unfailing with experience.”可知大量的研究表明，直觉在经验的帮助下变得更加可靠，因为文章前面段落一直在强调很多情况下深思熟虑取代本能直觉，肯定是凭借直觉判断有很大不足才会被深思熟虑所取代，而本处提到了直觉在经验的帮助下会变更可靠，这个就是直觉的一个改善，故空处表示“改善”；故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2012年进行的一个著名的实验中，志愿者被要求评估一些名牌手袋是假的还是真的。A.ensure确保；B.extinguish扑灭；C.clarify阐明；D.assess评定，评估。由本句“whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real”可知提到了一些名牌手提袋的真假；下文“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags;”对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，可推知本处是让他们评定这些手提袋的真假，拥有至少三个手提袋的人的直觉会更准，这个就是经验使直觉更可靠；故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，它的表现比分析更好。A. undertook承担；B.outperformed比……表现更好；C.facilitated促进；D.paralleled与……平行。由上句“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags”可知对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，即直觉比理性分析更有效，故“it__12_analysis.”表述的是它比分析表现更好；故选B项。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，信奉快速思维的真正原因是，它确实很快。A.Likewise同样地；B.However然而；C.Consequently因此；D.Moreover此外。由上句“The more expert you become, the better your instincts tend to be.”可知提到越专业的话直觉就越精确，那么精确度是我们应该信奉快速思维的原因吗？下文给出答案“_13__ , the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast.”即信奉快速思维的真正原因是它很快，故推知空处表示“然而”，意在表明虽然直觉有时候精确，然而我们信奉它的真正原因是因为它快；故选B项。
54．考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A.anything任何事物；B.something某事；C.nothing没有什么；D.everything每一事物。nothing but是固定搭配，译为“只不过是……”，符合题意；故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A. cooperate合作；B.prioritize优先处理；C.convince使信服；D.strive奋斗。由本句“The workplace is___but a succession of choices, a few big and many small: what to __15_ , when to intervene, whom to avoid in the lifts and, now, where to work each day.”可知讲到了职场是一连串的选择，有大有小，既然有这么多选择，那么总要有先后处理的顺序，故推知空处表示“优先处理”，与后面句子构成排比，即什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁等等；故选B项。
Section B
【答案】56．A 57．A 58．C 59．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍魅力型领导的相关信息。
56．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Personality may play only a small part in leadership effectiveness, but there is no doubt that some leaders have a certain magic that leaves peers envious and followers entranced.(个性在领导效率中可能只起很小的作用，但毫无疑问，一些领导者具有某种魔力，让同事羡慕不已，让追随者着迷。)”和“this leadership X-factor(这种领导力的X因素)”可知，charisma指的是一种让追随者着迷的东西，即“魅力”，和charm意思相近，故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据第四段的“And they are great role models because they have the ability to engage others socially and display appropriate role-playing skills that allow them to walk the talk(他们是很好的榜样，因为他们有能力与他人交往，并展示出适当的角色扮演技能，使他们能够言行一致)”可知，有魅力的领导者成为伟大的榜样，是因为他们的适当的角色扮演技巧，故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据第五段的“One quality we like in our leaders is if they are seen to really represent us. We think someone is more charismatic, the more they represent our collective identity(我们喜欢领导人的一个品质是，他们是否被视为真正代表了我们。我们认为一个人越有魅力，他就越能代表我们的集体身份)”可知，根据Professor Knippenberg的观点，代表我们的集体身份的领导人会受到我们的欢迎，故选C。
59．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“A lot of charismatic leadership, and leadership in general, is very contextual. It’s really good in entrepreneurial firms. It’s also good for turnarounds if the organization is in a bad state because it inspires(很多有魅力的领导，以及一般的领导，都是有情境性的。这在创业型公司中很好。如果公司处于糟糕的状态，这也有利于扭转局面，因为它能激励员工)”可知，Peters对魅力型领导的情境特征的态度是认可的，故选B。
【答案】60．D 61．C 62．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍Lively Flip这款手机的特点，服务和费用等。
60．细节理解题。根据EASY TO USE中的“Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Lively Flip. A large screen and big buttons make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation is loud and clear. (如今，手机听起来很难听，很难拨号，而且功能繁多，你可能永远都用不到。但Lively Flip的情况并非如此。大屏幕和大按钮让打电话给家人和朋友很容易，强大的扬声器确保每一次对话都是响亮和清晰的)”可知A项(它摒弃了不必要的功能)、B项(它保证了每次通话的高质量)是Lively Flip的特点，再根据文章中的“The Lively Flip is one of the most affordable cell phones on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. You can even keep your current landline or cell phone number. (Lively Flip是市场上最实惠的手机之一，具有可靠的全国覆盖。你甚至可以保留你现在的座机或手机号码)”可知C选项(它不需要更改电话号码)也是Lively Flip的特点，D选项“它使用户可以随时呼叫医生寻求帮助”文章没有提到，故选D。
61．推理判断题。根据EASY TO USE中的“Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Lively Flip. A large screen and big buttons make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation is loud and clear. (如今，手机听起来很难听，很难拨号，而且功能繁多，你可能永远都用不到。但Lively Flip的情况并非如此。大屏幕和大按钮让打电话给家人和朋友很容易，强大的扬声器确保每一次对话都是响亮和清晰的)”可知Lively Flip手机打电话操作方便，声音质量好，所以推断它特别适合不熟悉数字技术的老年人，故选C。
62．细节理解题。根据EASY TO BE PREPARED部分“Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, evaluate your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7.(做好准备生活有一种不可预测的方式，但您可以通过紧急响应服务在不确定或不安全的情况下做好准备。只需按下紧急响应按钮，即可与训练有素的代理人交谈，该代理人可以确认您的位置，评估您的情况，并为您提供所需的帮助，全天候)”可知，紧急响应按钮的设计是Lively Flip独有的。故选B。
【答案】63．A 64．D 65．A 66．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着人工智能产品在扮演人类角色方面不断进步，人们越来越担心对面正和自己交流是否是机器人，因为人们有自己的偏见，不信任机器人，即使实验证明机器人是有好的合作能力的。
63．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The researchers used an Al algorithm (算法)that, when posing as a person, implemented a strategy that was better than people are at getting human partners to cooperate. But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.（研究人员使用了一种人工智能算法，当假扮成一个人的时候，实施了一种比人类更善于让人类伙伴合作的策略。但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”可知提到了人们不相信机器，即使机器人的策略比人类本身的策略更容易让合作伙伴合作；根据文章第三段““ No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.(“不管算法做了什么，人们只是坚持自己的偏见。”一个公开扮演机器人的机器人比人类更不可能获得合作，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利)”可知无论怎样做，人们就是不相信机器人，如果被告知是机器人的话，他们更不会选择机器人合作了，综上所述，推知“But the truth may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency (透明度)and cooperation in human-computer interactions.(但事实可能会降低这类产品的效率：最近的研究发现，在人机交流中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡)”表述的是人们在与机器交流中，应该存在透明度和合作之间的平衡，否则，一旦人们知道对面是机器人在和他们交流，他们根本不会相信机器人，那必然会导致机器人的效率低了，所以在透明度和合作之间要有平衡，故推知“trade-off ”意思的“平衡”；故选A项。
64．推理判断题。根据文第二段“But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.(但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”和文章第三段“The team hoped people playing with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate (without being a pushover) and would eventually get past their disbelief. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,”(研究小组希望人们在与一个已知的机器人玩时能够认识到它的合作能力（而不是一个容易被打败的机器人） ，并最终克服他们的怀疑。“遗憾的是，我们失败了”)”可知研究表明人类不相信机器人，而科学家希望人类能认识到机器人的合作能力而最终战胜对它们的怀疑，但是失败了，推知人类对机器人的态度就是抱有怀疑的；故选D项。
65．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.(但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”可知研究表明人类不相信机器，而科学家们想知道如果机器人真的暴露出来，会生什么；根据文章第三段““ No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.(“不管算法做了什么，人们只是坚持自己的偏见。”一个公开扮演机器人的机器人比人类更不可能获得合作，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。”)”可知不管怎样做，人们就是不相信机器人，如果人们被告知是机器人，更不可能去跟它们合作。由此推知，实验结果不支持科学家们的假设，故选A项。
66．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“praises the researchers for exploring the transparency-efficacy trade-off, but she would like to see it tested beyond the paper’s particular setup.(赞扬了研究人员探索透明度与效率之间的平衡,，但她希望看到它在论文的特殊设置之外进行测试)”可知Dignum对于此项研究是赞同的，而且希望去除实验特殊设置；根据文章最后一段“The authors say that in the public field, people should be asked for agreement to be deceived about a robot’s identity. It cannot be on an interaction-by interaction basis, or else the “deception” obviously will not work. But blanket permission for occasional deception, even if it can be obtained, still raises ethical quandaries (道德困境). Dignum says humans should have the option to know after they have interacted with a robot -but if she is calling customer service with a simple question, she adds, “I just want to get my answer.”(作者说，在公共领域，应该要求人们同意被欺骗的机器人的身份。它不能建立在互动的基础上，否则“欺骗”显然不会起作用。但是，即使能够获得对偶尔欺骗行为的全面许可，仍然会引发道德上的两难困境。Dignum说，人类在与机器人交流之后应该有权知道答案，但是如果她打电话给客服只是为了问一个简单的问题，她补充说，“我只是想得到我的答案)”可知此项研究论文的作者认为不应该事先告知人们机器人的身份，而Dignum对于这个研究是赞扬的，即对论文的作者的观点是不排斥的，并且认为可以去除实验中的设置来验证这个现象，而且Dignum认为人们在与机器交流后应该有权知道答案，而没有提及事先告知人们机器人的身份，故推知Dignum认同人们不需要被告知他们在任何场合都在与机器人互动这样的观点；故选C项。
Section C
【答案】67．D 68．C 69．A 70．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究成果：在未来15年里，给农场动物使用抗生素的数量预计将增加三分之二，在引起美国民众强烈关注的同时也引发一系列的后果。
67．根据空前“The researchers warn the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotics-resistant infections.(研究人员警告说，这些药物可能会加速耐抗生素感染的发展。)”可知，此处强调的是耐抗生素感染是在不断加速发展的，后文应该强调该发展带来的结果。D选项“Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.(这种感染在美国已经是一个主要的公共卫生问题。)”中的Such infections指代前文的antibiotics-resistant infections，形成呼应。故选D。
68．根据前文“Experts say when people stop living in poverty, the first thing they want to do is eat better. (专家表示，当人们不再生活在贫困中，他们想做的第一件事就是吃得更好。)”可知，此处强调当人们生活变好的时候，人们想的第一件事情就是吃得更好。后文指出具体的表现。C选项“For most people, that means eating more meat.(对大多数人来说，这意味着要吃更多的肉。)”可知，人们吃更多的肉是生活变好的体现。故选C。
69．根据空前的“Doctors find that antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer do.(医生们发现，曾经对感染有效的抗生素不再有效。)”可知，此处强调曾经对感染有效的抗生素不再有效。后文应该解释其原因。A选项“The bacteria have learned ways to fight the medicine.(细菌已经学会了对抗药物的方法。)”呼应前文。故选A。
70．根据前文的“ At least 23,000 die from an infection.(至少2.3万人死于感染。)”以及后文“The developing world doesn’t have to make all the same mistakes (发展中国家不必犯同样的错误。)”可知，发展中国家是可以不必犯发达国家所犯的同样的错误。即F选项“But Dr. Hansen says it does not have to be that way.(但汉森博士表示，情况并不一定是这样。)”中的that way指代的是前文的“至少2.3万人死于感染”情况以及后文中“发达国家所犯的同样的错误”形成呼应，符合句意。故选F。
IV.Summary Writing
【答案】(1)Online selling brings extra income but requires careful preparations. First, choose a credible platform with a wider customer base and insurance, and lower the price until you’ve established a fine reputation. Even if you cannot afford the prepaid fee of a platform, make sure transactions take place safely. It’s also essential to provide honest item descriptions and protect personal privacy. (60)
(2) Several things about selling online are worth noting. Firstly, proper platforms ensure customers and insurance, though an upfront fee and a good reputation are required. Secondly, always keep safety in mind, meet buyers in public and keep the product until you receive the payment. Thirdly, avoid inaccurate product description and revealing your full name. Be careful when you sell online.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在网上销售自己不需要东西的时候应注意的一些问题及销售方法。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Selling your stuff online does not only help to declutter(清理) your home and get rid of things you don’t need, but it can also be a great source of income.
②One thing you need to consider carefully is the platform on which you are going to advertise.
③Most big players in the field are so popular with sellers, not just because they can give you access to a bigger pool of potential customers, but also because they offer insurance both to the seller and the buyer, which gives both buyers and sellers more confidence.
④The downside, however, is that you will generally need to pay an upfront fee(预付费) for using the platform, and may also have to sacrifice a cut of your profit to the company.
⑤What’s more, you need to build up a reputation before buyers can trust you-which means you might have to settle for lower prices until you have a high rating.
⑥A few more things to keep in mind: always be accurate with your descriptions of the items you are selling, especially if advertising on a big platform.
⑦Don’t give out your full name, either- keep your last name private. Identity theft might be rare in such transactions, but it’s always better to be careful.
2. 缜密深思
把要点1重组；要点2、3、4整合；要点6和要点7重组，整合。
3. 遣词造句
Selling your stuff online not only help declutter your home, but it can also bring extra income.
One thing to consider carefully is the platform. A credible platform usually has a wider customer base and offer insurance.
The downside, however, is that you will generally need to pay an upfront fee for using the platform.
Besides, you have to settle for lower prices so as to build up a good reputation.
Always keep in mind that be accurate with the descriptions of items you are selling and be careful of your provacy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
First, choose a credible platform with a wider customer base and insurance, and lower the price until you’ve established a fine reputation. （运用了祈使句和时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】
It’s also essential to provide honest item descriptions and protect personal privacy.（运用了it作形式主语）
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
72.【答案】No one is in the dormitory with the door wide open, and what if a thief comes in?
【详解】考查what if的句型。根据句意可知，本句表示的是说现在的状况，所以时态用一般现在时；表示“宿舍里空无一人”用no one is in the dormitory；表示“门户大开”用with的复合结构with the door wide open，作状语；表示“如果……怎么办？”用句式what if ...；表示“贼进来了”用 a thief comes in，结合汉语，故翻译为：No one is in the dormitory with the door wide open, and what if a thief comes in?
73.【答案】During the warm days of spring when flowers blossom, people often travel outside and enjoy the beauty of spring.
【详解】考查定语从句。分析句意可知，此处描述的是心在的客观情况，全句使用一般现在时态，表示“在春暖的日子里”为介词短语作状语，应译为during the warm days of spring，during位于句首，首字母需大写，“花开的”作定语修饰“日子”应为定语从句，从句中不缺少主语，开花“blossom”为不及物，从句中不需要宾语，所以使用关系副词when，所以定语从句译为when flowers blossom，所以前半句译为“During the warm days of spring when flowers blossom”；表示“人们经常出去游玩”译为people often travel outside，“欣赏春天的美景”与“出去游玩”并列，应译为“enjoy the beauty of spring”，使用and将并列部分连接，所以后半句译为people often travel outside and enjoy the beauty of spring。故翻译为During the warm days of spring when flowers blossom, people often travel outside and enjoy the beauty of spring.
74.【答案】It’s so cold outside and if I could have a bowl of hot soup cooked by my mum right now, it would sure lift my mood immediately.
【详解】考查if引导的虚拟语气。分析所给中文提示词，“外面天气真冷”可译为“It’s so cold outside”，“要是现在能喝到一碗老妈煮的热汤，一定能立即提升我的心情。”根据句意可知，是对现在的一种假设，应该用if引导的虚拟语气，主句用主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形，从句用动词过去式，所以从句译为“if I could have a bowl of hot soup cooked by my mum right now”和前句是并列关系，中间用and连接，主句部分，根据题干要求“一定”需用副词“sure”，故译为“it would sure lift my mood immediately”。故译为：It’s so cold outside and if I could have a bowl of hot soup cooked by my mum right now, it would sure
lift my mood immediately.
75.【答案】Despite misfortunes, the artist devotes himself to studying rather than complaining about heaven and earth, and has made remarkable achievements in the field of painting.
【详解】考查介词、名词、动词短语和时态。表示“虽然”应用介词despite；表示“不幸”应用名词misfortune；表示“怨天怨地”短语为complain about heaven and earth；表示“而是”应用短语rather than；表示“潜心”应用短语devote oneself to，此处应用一般现在时态；表示“成绩斐然”应用短语make remarkable achievements，此处应用现在完成时，强调影响或结果。故翻译为：Despite misfortunes, the artist devotes himself to studying rather than complaining about heaven and earth, and has made remarkable achievements in the field of painting.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
【答案】
I’m Li Hua, the organizer of the English club. I founded this club to increase students’ interest in English and improve students’ oral English skills.
We have English club games every weekend. Students can play freely, thus improving their confidence in learning English. For example, we will organize English drama performances, which many students will come to watch and show their interest in. In addition, we also invite some teachers to guide us on how to perform English dramas every two weeks. This semester, we will continue to carry out special training activities. They will expand students’ English knowledge.
If you want to become a member of the club, you will be free to practice English every weekend. Looking forward to your joining us.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为学校其中一个社团的负责人，写一篇宣传稿介绍社团的情况，简单介绍社团的特色或优势，并描述社团的发展规划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建立：found→set up
有兴趣：show interest in→be interested in
此外：in addition→besides
继续：continue→go on
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This semester, we will continue to carry out special training activities. They will expand students’ English knowledge.
拓展句：This semester, we will continue to carry out special training activities, which will expand students’ English knowledge.
【点睛】【高分句型1】For example, we will organize English drama performances, which many students will come to watch and show their interest in.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you want to become a member of the club, you will be free to practice English every weekend.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
听力原文录音文字稿
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Is this seat taken?
W.I don't think so. The girl who was here finished her lunch and left.
Q:Where does this conversation probably take place?
2. M: I want to cash this check.
w: Will you step right over to the teller's window, please?
Q: What is probably the relationship between the two speakers?
3 W: Gary, did you turn in the locker key?
M:No, I got Sam to do it.
Q: What does Gary say about the locker key?
4:W:That sea house is excellent. Yesterday I ordered a cappuccino coffee. My husband had a vegetable salad
and my son had a chocolate milk shake there .
M: Maybe someday I'll go there and have a try
Q: What did the woman's son have at the sea house?
5.M:I'd like to drive to the theatre,but my brother is using the car tonight.
W:No problem. What about taking the subway? The station isn't far away from here.
Q: What's the woman's suggestion?
6. W:Peter,I've entered you for this wonderful piano course
M:Mum, don't you think I am old enough to make decisions for myself?
Q: What does the boy mean?
7. M:Hi, Betty, are you going to teach after you graduate from that university?
W: Where did you get the idea?
Q: What can be concluded about Betty?
8. M: Is there any assignment for next Tuesday?
W: Nothing to read or write. But we're supposed to listen to a radio program and be ready to talk about it in
class.
Q: What have the students been asked to do before Tuesday?
9.W:Where is the nearest gas station?
M: If only someone could tell me.
Q: What does the man mean?
10. M: You didn't drive here, did you?
W;No, I didn't. I was going to, but my car broke down.
Q: What happened to the woman?
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
In Tokyo there are always too many people in the places where 1 want to go. That is an important fact for me. Of course there are too many cars. The Japanese drive very fast when they can,but in Tokyo they often spend a long time in traffic jams.In this respect,Tokyo is not different from London,Paris or New York.It is different when one wants to walk.
At certain times of the day there may be a lot of people on foot in London's Oxford Street or near the big shops and stores in other great cities. But the streets near the Ginza in Tokyo are always full of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk.
The worst time to be in the street is at 11:30at night.That is when the nightclubs are closing and everybody wants to go home. There are about 35,000 nightclubs in Tokyo,and you don't often see one that is empty. Between 11 p.m. and 12 a.m. everybody is looking for a taxi.Usually the taxi is shared by four or five people who live in the same part of the city.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
11. For the speaker, what is the important fact about Tokyo?
12. For the speaker, when is the worst time to be in the street?
13. How many nightclubs are there in Tokyo?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
An underground room containing 1.5 tons of ancient coins,including some 2,000-year-old ones, has been discovered by a villager in Changzi County,north China's Shanxi Province
The man in Qianwanhu Village discovered the underground room with some 10,000 coins, ranging from 3 cm to 1 cm in diameter, on August 23 when he was digging a channel to place pipes for tap water,said Li Lin, an official of the Changzi Centre of Cultural Heritage and Tourism
Most of the coins were made during the Northern Song Dynasty with the rest made during Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty
Archaeologists said the coins were there for the following reasons:the coins were someone's private wealth; or they were buried by ancient Chinese private banks during the war;or they belonged to rich people who buried them during war but had forgotten them
The coins have been sent to local cultural relics authorities.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions
14. Where were the coins found?
15. When did the man discover the underground room?
16. How many reasons were mentioned for the coins to be there?
Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation
W:Daniel, did you have a dream when you were a little boy?
M:Of course I did. I dreamed to be a pilot when I grow up.But unfortunately,I didn't realize it. And Mary
how about you?
W:I had the same experience with you.When I was a little girl,I dreamed to be a great scientist. But now you
see, I'm just a common office clerk.
M:Okay, forget about that. So,do you have some practical dreams at present?
W:Ido. And now I'm working hard to learn English,and I want to be an interpreter some day.
M:You're promising. Just follow your dream, and as the saying goes, never give up whatever you do. I think is the most important thing on the road to success.
W:Thank you for your encouragement.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
17. What was Daniel's dream when he was a little boy?
18. What does Mary want to do at present?
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
M: Have you noticed the new dustbin downstairs, at the entrance of the main building?
W: Yeah, of course. It looks funny,though, like a battery,What's it for?Is it really for garbage?
M: Not really. Actually it's a dustbin for used batteries.
W: Used batteries? What do you mean by that?Why do we need a special dustbin for used batteries?
M: Well, you know there are still a lot of heavy metals left in used batteries, so by recycling the batteries, we can not only make full use of the metals left, but also prevent the environment from being polluted .
W:Oh, I see. Can this work? Our efforts are too limited.
M:The Student Union is sponsoring a one-month program called “Green Movement”, which is aimed at making
mare and note students aware of serious environmental problems we are facing now.
W: Sounds quite exciting-"Green Movement”. What can I do?
M:Well,quite a lot. At least you can stop using those plastic meal-boxes and disposable wooden chopsticks.
They are a big waste of resources.Well, there will be a lecture tomorrow afternoon at four o'clock You may attend if you are interested.
W:Tomorrow afternoon...let me think... yeah, I happen to be free. I will go there.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions
19. What are the two speakers doing?
20. What is the purpose of the "Green Movement" ?
2023年高考押题预测卷02
英语·全解全析
I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
1-5. ADABB 6-10. BCDBC 11-13. CBB 14-16. BCA 17-20.ADBD
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
【答案】
21．faster 22．Though##Although##While 23．for 24．meant 25．can 26．to earn 27．because 28．being caught 29．which 30．that
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。纽约市禁止电动自行车的禁令，文章介绍了此禁令的原因，也反映了此禁令给依靠电动自行车谋生的快递员带来的影响。
21．考查副词。句意：大多数电动自行车的速度可达每小时32公里左右，但也有一些能跑得更快。根据句意，副词fast修饰动词go，much修饰修饰副词的比较等级，故填faster。
22．考查连词。句意：尽管在纽约拥有电动自行车是合法的，操作它们是不合法的。逗号前后有转折关系，故填although或though或while。设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
23．考查介词。句意：当地官员认为，在街道和人行道上使用电动自行车是危险的，这是该禁令的原因。此处考查短语reason for，意为“……的原因”，设空处应用介词for，介词短语作后置定语。故填for。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，该市宣布了严厉的措施，旨在追究电动自行车骑手和雇佣骑手的餐馆的责任。句子谓语为announced，故设空处为非谓语动词，mean与逻辑主语measures之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填meant。
25．考查情态动词。句意：警察也可以没收自行车。根据下文“He says (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers. (如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。)”可知，电动自行车会被没收，警察可以没收违法的电动自行车，设空处应填情态动词can，表“会”，故填can。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的工作要求他们快速工作，长时间工作，以赚取足够的钱生活。此处考查目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to earn。
27．考查连词。句意：快递员廉德清表示，高质量的工作很重要，因为他们的工作也依赖于小费。空前和空后的句子之间为因果关系，应用because，引导原因状语从句。故填because。
28．考查动名词。句意：他说，如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。He says后接宾语从句，谓语动词为cause，设空处与having the bike seized并列作主语，故用动名词，catch与逻辑主语workers之间为动宾关系，应用被动形式，故填being caught。
29．考查定语从句。句意：多·李就职于自行车公共项目，该项目为纽约市的自行车相关工作人员提供帮助。the Biking Public Project为先行词，后接非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
30．考查同位语从句。句意：他不接受电动自行车给市民带来危险的说法。argument后是对其进行补充说明的同位语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。
Section B
【答案】
31．C 32．H 33．F 34．D 35．B 36．J 37．E 38．A 39．G 40．I
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章的主要内容是：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们认为将基因工程商业化可能会带来难以预料的后果。
31．考查名词。句意：他们梦想在汽车中放置酶来监测尾气，并将污染数据发送给微处理器，然后由微处理器调整发动机。根据句意和空格前的动词monitor可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作动词monitor的宾语，exhaust“尾气”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
32．考查动词。句意：他们提到了《纽约时报》所说的“渴求金属的微生物，它们可能被用来从海水中开采有价值的微量金属。”根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，mine“开矿，采矿”是动词，符合句意。故选H项。
33．考查名词。句意：紧张的批评者，包括许多科学家，担心在整个生物技术领域存在着企业、国家、国际和科学间的竞争。根据句意和空格前的形容词nervous以及句中的谓语动词worry可知，空格处应该填入一个名词复数形式做主语，critics“批评者；评论家”为名词，符合句意。故选F项。
34．考查形容词。句意：然而，剧毒微生物的产生和意外释放只是引起警惕的原因之一。根据句意和空格后的名词release可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰名词release，accidental“意外的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。
35．考查形容词。句意：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们正在谈论那些超乎想象的可能性。根据句意和空格前的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和rational并列的形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词scientists，respectable“值得尊敬的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。
36．考查现在分词。句意：我们是否应该让人类拥有像牛一样的胃，这样他们就能消化草和干草，从而通过改变我们的饮食结构，使我们吃食物链下游的食物，从而重新解决食物问题？根据句意和空格后的the food problem可知，空格处应该填入一个现在分词形式作状语，relieving“减轻；缓和”为现在分词，符合句意。故选J项。
37．考查过去分词。句意：我们是否应该从生理上改变工人以适应工作要求，例如，创造反应速度更快的飞行员或设计流水线工人为我们做单调的工作？根据句意可知，空格处应该填入一个过去分词形式作定语，修饰前面的名词workers，designed“设计”为过去分词，符合句意。故选E项。
38．考查形容词。句意：我们是否应该为自己培养储备器官，让每个人都拥有一个装满备用肾脏、肝脏或双手的“储蓄银行”？根据句意和空格后的名词kidneys, livers or hands可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词，spare“备用的”为形容词，符合句意。故选A项。
39．考查名词。句意：尽管这些概念听起来很疯狂，但在科学界，每个人都有它的支持者(和反对者)，也有它惊人的商业应用。根据句意和空格后的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和opposers并列的名词，advocates“拥护者；支持者”为名词，符合句意。故选G项。
40．考查副词。句意：随着每一项新的基因进展在商业上变得实用，新的消费者需求将被开发出来，新技术的市场也将被创造出来。根据句意和空格后的形容词practical可知，空格处应该填入一个副词，修饰后面的practical，commercially“商业上；商业化地”为副词，符合句意。故选I项。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
【答案】
41． B 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．A
51．D 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们说明了深思熟虑并不总是最好的选择，某些时候，直觉的优势更大。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题。A.uncovered揭露；B.spotted发现；C.blocked阻碍；D.encountered遭遇。由上文“Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without thinking too hard.”可知讲述了人类经过数百万年的进化，已经能够不费吹灰之力地对某些情况作出反应，即发现某些情况，可以立即作出反应，故推知“If your ancestors __movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”表述的是如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题，即发现某些情况会立即作出反应，承接了前文所述内容；故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同时，分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因。A.capacity能力；B.motive原因，动机；C.reluctance勉强；D.urge冲动。由本句“At the same time, the _2_to analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people from other animals.”可知提到了人类与其他动物的区别，常识可知人类之所以要比其他动物高级，就是具有其他动物所不具备的某些方面的能力，故推知本处表述的是分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因；故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.consultation磋商；B.anticipation期盼；C.assumptions假设；D.reaction反应。由本句“The question of when to trust your gut(直觉)and when to test your __3_ —whether to think fast or slow ,in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist”可知用Daniel Kahneman的话来说，凭借直觉来判断即是快速思考，而慢速思考则是与快速思考相反的，即与凭借直觉判断是相反的，推知慢速思考即是通过慢慢检验自己的假设，然后才作出判断；故空处表达的是“假设”；故选C项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.integrates使结合；B.matters要紧；C. works工作；D.abuses虐待。由文章第一段“If your ancestors___movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”可知祖先们遇到异常情况会先跑再问，是因为他们所生存的环境是非常险恶的，所以快速思考和慢速思考在大草原上很重要；文章第三段“Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace”提到了深思熟虑在职场的重要性；文章第四段“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知提到了本能在职场的一席之位；故推知本处“whether to think fast or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist—__4_ in the office as much as it does in the savannah(大草原).”讲述的是快速思考还是慢速思考在办公室和大草原一样要紧；故选B项。
45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：程序越来越多地被设计用来消灭本能反应。A.bring out拿出；B.pick out挑选；C.make out起草；D.stamp out消灭。由上文“Strategic changes and budget discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations.”可知战略变革和预算讨论建立在一轮又一轮的会议、备忘录、公式和演讲之上，即在作出决策之前，要经过很多道程序，经过一次又一次的讨论，这样所作出的决策全是深思熟虑后的结果，完全消灭了由本能所作出的反应；故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从盲目筛选求职者到使用“红色团队”技术来分析公司的计划，精确打败了直觉。A.equals等于；B.comprises包括；C.beats打败；D.boosts激励。由本句“From blind screening of job applicants to using “red-teaming” techniques to pick apart a firm’s plans, precision__6_instinct.”可知原本是通过直觉来筛选求职者的，现在是利用“红色团队”技术来分析公司计划，寻找出最适合公司的求职者，这种办法能最直接找准目标，所以是精确地打败了由原本凭借直觉所作出的判断；故选C项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，本质上难以进行分析。A.manageable可做到的；B.adaptable有适应能力的；C.familiar相似的；D.sensitive敏感的。由本句“Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and inherently(固有的)less__7_to analysis.”可知一些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，即主观性因素较多，这个就难以以理性思维来分析了，less manageable 是难做到的，符合题意，故选A项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：市场营销活动是否抓住了你公司的精髓，或者说，这个人是否能与团队中的其他人很好地合作？A.attention注意；B.opportunity机会；C.status地位；D.essence精髓。由本段第一句“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知讲述了本能也站一席之地的；下句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”提到了直觉通常是更好的行为指南，推知本句“Does a marketing campaign capture the _8_ of your company, say, or would this person work well with other people in a team?”表达的意思营销活动是否让你公司直接并精确受益，即是否抓住你公司的精髓，完全依靠经过深思熟虑的营销政策能否解决问题？或者说筛选出来的人是否能与团队中其他人合作？这些都意在表明有些时候直觉还是能被利用上的，深思熟虑后制定的政策并不适用于一切场合，本句与本段第一句主旨相符，故推知空处表示“精髓”；故选D项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在棘手的客户服务情况下，直觉往往是比脚本更好的行为指南。A.rough粗糙的；B.tough棘手的；C.nervous神经紧张的；D.neutral中立的。由本句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”可知提到直觉是更好的行为指南，这是在某种情况下，推知如果在简单容易的客户服务里，就按照制定好的策略执行就行了，但是在棘手的情况下，那直觉发挥的作用就比制定好的脚本更适用了，故推知空处表示的是“棘手的”，用tough；故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直觉也可以得到改善。A.improved改善；B. copied复制；C.transferred转移；D.weakened变弱。由下文“Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more unfailing with experience.”可知大量的研究表明，直觉在经验的帮助下变得更加可靠，因为文章前面段落一直在强调很多情况下深思熟虑取代本能直觉，肯定是凭借直觉判断有很大不足才会被深思熟虑所取代，而本处提到了直觉在经验的帮助下会变更可靠，这个就是直觉的一个改善，故空处表示“改善”；故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2012年进行的一个著名的实验中，志愿者被要求评估一些名牌手袋是假的还是真的。A.ensure确保；B.extinguish扑灭；C.clarify阐明；D.assess评定，评估。由本句“whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real”可知提到了一些名牌手提袋的真假；下文“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags;”对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，可推知本处是让他们评定这些手提袋的真假，拥有至少三个手提袋的人的直觉会更准，这个就是经验使直觉更可靠；故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，它的表现比分析更好。A. undertook承担；B.outperformed比……表现更好；C.facilitated促进；D.paralleled与……平行。由上句“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags”可知对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，即直觉比理性分析更有效，故“it__12_analysis.”表述的是它比分析表现更好；故选B项。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，信奉快速思维的真正原因是，它确实很快。A.Likewise同样地；B.However然而；C.Consequently因此；D.Moreover此外。由上句“The more expert you become, the better your instincts tend to be.”可知提到越专业的话直觉就越精确，那么精确度是我们应该信奉快速思维的原因吗？下文给出答案“_13__ , the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast.”即信奉快速思维的真正原因是它很快，故推知空处表示“然而”，意在表明虽然直觉有时候精确，然而我们信奉它的真正原因是因为它快；故选B项。
54．考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A.anything任何事物；B.something某事；C.nothing没有什么；D.everything每一事物。nothing but是固定搭配，译为“只不过是……”，符合题意；故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A. cooperate合作；B.prioritize优先处理；C.convince使信服；D.strive奋斗。由本句“The workplace is___but a succession of choices, a few big and many small: what to __15_ , when to intervene, whom to avoid in the lifts and, now, where to work each day.”可知讲到了职场是一连串的选择，有大有小，既然有这么多选择，那么总要有先后处理的顺序，故推知空处表示“优先处理”，与后面句子构成排比，即什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁等等；故选B项。
Section B
IV. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
【答案】
21．faster 22．Though##Although##While 23．for 24．meant 25．can 26．to earn 27．because 28．being caught 29．which 30．that
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。纽约市禁止电动自行车的禁令，文章介绍了此禁令的原因，也反映了此禁令给依靠电动自行车谋生的快递员带来的影响。
21．考查副词。句意：大多数电动自行车的速度可达每小时32公里左右，但也有一些能跑得更快。根据句意，副词fast修饰动词go，much修饰修饰副词的比较等级，故填faster。
22．考查连词。句意：尽管在纽约拥有电动自行车是合法的，操作它们是不合法的。逗号前后有转折关系，故填although或though或while。设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Although/Though/While。
23．考查介词。句意：当地官员认为，在街道和人行道上使用电动自行车是危险的，这是该禁令的原因。此处考查短语reason for，意为“……的原因”，设空处应用介词for，介词短语作后置定语。故填for。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：去年，该市宣布了严厉的措施，旨在追究电动自行车骑手和雇佣骑手的餐馆的责任。句子谓语为announced，故设空处为非谓语动词，mean与逻辑主语measures之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填meant。
25．考查情态动词。句意：警察也可以没收自行车。根据下文“He says (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers. (如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。)”可知，电动自行车会被没收，警察可以没收违法的电动自行车，设空处应填情态动词can，表“会”，故填can。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的工作要求他们快速工作，长时间工作，以赚取足够的钱生活。此处考查目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to earn。
27．考查连词。句意：快递员廉德清表示，高质量的工作很重要，因为他们的工作也依赖于小费。空前和空后的句子之间为因果关系，应用because，引导原因状语从句。故填because。
28．考查动名词。句意：他说，如果被发现违反禁令，自行车被没收，会给工人带来昂贵的延误。He says后接宾语从句，谓语动词为cause，设空处与having the bike seized并列作主语，故用动名词，catch与逻辑主语workers之间为动宾关系，应用被动形式，故填being caught。
29．考查定语从句。句意：多·李就职于自行车公共项目，该项目为纽约市的自行车相关工作人员提供帮助。the Biking Public Project为先行词，后接非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
30．考查同位语从句。句意：他不接受电动自行车给市民带来危险的说法。argument后是对其进行补充说明的同位语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。
Section B
【答案】
31．C 32．H 33．F 34．D 35．B 36．J 37．E 38．A 39．G 40．I
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章的主要内容是：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们认为将基因工程商业化可能会带来难以预料的后果。
31．考查名词。句意：他们梦想在汽车中放置酶来监测尾气，并将污染数据发送给微处理器，然后由微处理器调整发动机。根据句意和空格前的动词monitor可知，空格处应该填入一个名词作动词monitor的宾语，exhaust“尾气”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
32．考查动词。句意：他们提到了《纽约时报》所说的“渴求金属的微生物，它们可能被用来从海水中开采有价值的微量金属。”根据句意和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，mine“开矿，采矿”是动词，符合句意。故选H项。
33．考查名词。句意：紧张的批评者，包括许多科学家，担心在整个生物技术领域存在着企业、国家、国际和科学间的竞争。根据句意和空格前的形容词nervous以及句中的谓语动词worry可知，空格处应该填入一个名词复数形式做主语，critics“批评者；评论家”为名词，符合句意。故选F项。
34．考查形容词。句意：然而，剧毒微生物的产生和意外释放只是引起警惕的原因之一。根据句意和空格后的名词release可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰名词release，accidental“意外的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。
35．考查形容词。句意：完全理性和受人尊敬的科学家们正在谈论那些超乎想象的可能性。根据句意和空格前的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和rational并列的形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词scientists，respectable“值得尊敬的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B项。
36．考查现在分词。句意：我们是否应该让人类拥有像牛一样的胃，这样他们就能消化草和干草，从而通过改变我们的饮食结构，使我们吃食物链下游的食物，从而重新解决食物问题？根据句意和空格后的the food problem可知，空格处应该填入一个现在分词形式作状语，relieving“减轻；缓和”为现在分词，符合句意。故选J项。
37．考查过去分词。句意：我们是否应该从生理上改变工人以适应工作要求，例如，创造反应速度更快的飞行员或设计流水线工人为我们做单调的工作？根据句意可知，空格处应该填入一个过去分词形式作定语，修饰前面的名词workers，designed“设计”为过去分词，符合句意。故选E项。
38．考查形容词。句意：我们是否应该为自己培养储备器官，让每个人都拥有一个装满备用肾脏、肝脏或双手的“储蓄银行”？根据句意和空格后的名词kidneys, livers or hands可知，空格处应该填入一个形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词，spare“备用的”为形容词，符合句意。故选A项。
39．考查名词。句意：尽管这些概念听起来很疯狂，但在科学界，每个人都有它的支持者(和反对者)，也有它惊人的商业应用。根据句意和空格后的and可知，空格处应该填入一个和opposers并列的名词，advocates“拥护者；支持者”为名词，符合句意。故选G项。
40．考查副词。句意：随着每一项新的基因进展在商业上变得实用，新的消费者需求将被开发出来，新技术的市场也将被创造出来。根据句意和空格后的形容词practical可知，空格处应该填入一个副词，修饰后面的practical，commercially“商业上；商业化地”为副词，符合句意。故选I项。
V. Reading Comprehension
Section A
【答案】
42． B 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．A
51．D 52．B 53．B 54．C 55．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们说明了深思熟虑并不总是最好的选择，某些时候，直觉的优势更大。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题。A.uncovered揭露；B.spotted发现；C.blocked阻碍；D.encountered遭遇。由上文“Humans have developed over millions of years of evolution to respond to certain situations without thinking too hard.”可知讲述了人类经过数百万年的进化，已经能够不费吹灰之力地对某些情况作出反应，即发现某些情况，可以立即作出反应，故推知“If your ancestors __movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”表述的是如果你的祖先发现灌木丛中有动静，他们会先跑，然后再问问题，即发现某些情况会立即作出反应，承接了前文所述内容；故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同时，分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因。A.capacity能力；B.motive原因，动机；C.reluctance勉强；D.urge冲动。由本句“At the same time, the _2_to analyse and to plan is part of what distinguishes people from other animals.”可知提到了人类与其他动物的区别，常识可知人类之所以要比其他动物高级，就是具有其他动物所不具备的某些方面的能力，故推知本处表述的是分析和计划的能力也是人类区别于其他动物的部分原因；故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.consultation磋商；B.anticipation期盼；C.assumptions假设；D.reaction反应。由本句“The question of when to trust your gut(直觉)and when to test your __3_ —whether to think fast or slow ,in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist”可知用Daniel Kahneman的话来说，凭借直觉来判断即是快速思考，而慢速思考则是与快速思考相反的，即与凭借直觉判断是相反的，推知慢速思考即是通过慢慢检验自己的假设，然后才作出判断；故空处表达的是“假设”；故选C项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么时候该相信自己的直觉，什么时候该检验自己的假设——用心理学家Daniel Kahneman的话来说，是快速思考还是慢速思考——这个问题在办公室里和在大草原上一样要紧。A.integrates使结合；B.matters要紧；C. works工作；D.abuses虐待。由文章第一段“If your ancestors___movement in the undergrowth, they would run first and ask questions later.”可知祖先们遇到异常情况会先跑再问，是因为他们所生存的环境是非常险恶的，所以快速思考和慢速思考在大草原上很重要；文章第三段“Deliberative thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace”提到了深思熟虑在职场的重要性；文章第四段“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知提到了本能在职场的一席之位；故推知本处“whether to think fast or slow, in the language of Daniel Kahneman, a psychologist—__4_ in the office as much as it does in the savannah(大草原).”讲述的是快速思考还是慢速思考在办公室和大草原一样要紧；故选B项。
45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：程序越来越多地被设计用来消灭本能反应。A.bring out拿出；B.pick out挑选；C.make out起草；D.stamp out消灭。由上文“Strategic changes and budget discussions are built on rounds of meetings, memos, formulas and presentations.”可知战略变革和预算讨论建立在一轮又一轮的会议、备忘录、公式和演讲之上，即在作出决策之前，要经过很多道程序，经过一次又一次的讨论，这样所作出的决策全是深思熟虑后的结果，完全消灭了由本能所作出的反应；故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从盲目筛选求职者到使用“红色团队”技术来分析公司的计划，精确打败了直觉。A.equals等于；B.comprises包括；C.beats打败；D.boosts激励。由本句“From blind screening of job applicants to using “red-teaming” techniques to pick apart a firm’s plans, precision__6_instinct.”可知原本是通过直觉来筛选求职者的，现在是利用“红色团队”技术来分析公司计划，寻找出最适合公司的求职者，这种办法能最直接找准目标，所以是精确地打败了由原本凭借直觉所作出的判断；故选C项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，本质上难以进行分析。A.manageable可做到的；B.adaptable有适应能力的；C.familiar相似的；D.sensitive敏感的。由本句“Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and inherently(固有的)less__7_to analysis.”可知一些决定更多地与情绪反应有关，即主观性因素较多，这个就难以以理性思维来分析了，less manageable 是难做到的，符合题意，故选A项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：市场营销活动是否抓住了你公司的精髓，或者说，这个人是否能与团队中的其他人很好地合作？A.attention注意；B.opportunity机会；C.status地位；D.essence精髓。由本段第一句“Yet instinct also has its place.”可知讲述了本能也站一席之地的；下句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”提到了直觉通常是更好的行为指南，推知本句“Does a marketing campaign capture the _8_ of your company, say, or would this person work well with other people in a team?”表达的意思营销活动是否让你公司直接并精确受益，即是否抓住你公司的精髓，完全依靠经过深思熟虑的营销政策能否解决问题？或者说筛选出来的人是否能与团队中其他人合作？这些都意在表明有些时候直觉还是能被利用上的，深思熟虑后制定的政策并不适用于一切场合，本句与本段第一句主旨相符，故推知空处表示“精髓”；故选D项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在棘手的客户服务情况下，直觉往往是比脚本更好的行为指南。A.rough粗糙的；B.tough棘手的；C.nervous神经紧张的；D.neutral中立的。由本句“In__9_customer-service situations, intuition is often a better guide to how to behave than a script.”可知提到直觉是更好的行为指南，这是在某种情况下，推知如果在简单容易的客户服务里，就按照制定好的策略执行就行了，但是在棘手的情况下，那直觉发挥的作用就比制定好的脚本更适用了，故推知空处表示的是“棘手的”，用tough；故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直觉也可以得到改善。A.improved改善；B. copied复制；C.transferred转移；D.weakened变弱。由下文“Plenty of research has shown that intuition becomes more unfailing with experience.”可知大量的研究表明，直觉在经验的帮助下变得更加可靠，因为文章前面段落一直在强调很多情况下深思熟虑取代本能直觉，肯定是凭借直觉判断有很大不足才会被深思熟虑所取代，而本处提到了直觉在经验的帮助下会变更可靠，这个就是直觉的一个改善，故空处表示“改善”；故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2012年进行的一个著名的实验中，志愿者被要求评估一些名牌手袋是假的还是真的。A.ensure确保；B.extinguish扑灭；C.clarify阐明；D.assess评定，评估。由本句“whether a selection of designer handbags were fake or real”可知提到了一些名牌手提袋的真假；下文“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags;”对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，可推知本处是让他们评定这些手提袋的真假，拥有至少三个手提袋的人的直觉会更准，这个就是经验使直觉更可靠；故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，它的表现比分析更好。A. undertook承担；B.outperformed比……表现更好；C.facilitated促进；D.paralleled与……平行。由上句“Intuition worked better for those who owned at least three designer handbags”可知对于那些至少拥有三个名牌手袋的人来说，直觉更有效，即直觉比理性分析更有效，故“it__12_analysis.”表述的是它比分析表现更好；故选B项。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，信奉快速思维的真正原因是，它确实很快。A.Likewise同样地；B.However然而；C.Consequently因此；D.Moreover此外。由上句“The more expert you become, the better your instincts tend to be.”可知提到越专业的话直觉就越精确，那么精确度是我们应该信奉快速思维的原因吗？下文给出答案“_13__ , the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast.”即信奉快速思维的真正原因是它很快，故推知空处表示“然而”，意在表明虽然直觉有时候精确，然而我们信奉它的真正原因是因为它快；故选B项。
54．考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A.anything任何事物；B.something某事；C.nothing没有什么；D.everything每一事物。nothing but是固定搭配，译为“只不过是……”，符合题意；故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作场所只不过是一连串的选择，有大有小：什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁，现在，每天在哪里工作。A. cooperate合作；B.prioritize优先处理；C.convince使信服；D.strive奋斗。由本句“The workplace is___but a succession of choices, a few big and many small: what to __15_ , when to intervene, whom to avoid in the lifts and, now, where to work each day.”可知讲到了职场是一连串的选择，有大有小，既然有这么多选择，那么总要有先后处理的顺序，故推知空处表示“优先处理”，与后面句子构成排比，即什么是优先处理的，什么时候介入，在电梯里避开谁等等；故选B项。
Section B
【答案】56．A 57．A 58．C 59．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍魅力型领导的相关信息。
56．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Personality may play only a small part in leadership effectiveness, but there is no doubt that some leaders have a certain magic that leaves peers envious and followers entranced.(个性在领导效率中可能只起很小的作用，但毫无疑问，一些领导者具有某种魔力，让同事羡慕不已，让追随者着迷。)”和“this leadership X-factor(这种领导力的X因素)”可知，charisma指的是一种让追随者着迷的东西，即“魅力”，和charm意思相近，故选A。
57．细节理解题。根据第四段的“And they are great role models because they have the ability to engage others socially and display appropriate role-playing skills that allow them to walk the talk(他们是很好的榜样，因为他们有能力与他人交往，并展示出适当的角色扮演技能，使他们能够言行一致)”可知，有魅力的领导者成为伟大的榜样，是因为他们的适当的角色扮演技巧，故选A。
58．细节理解题。根据第五段的“One quality we like in our leaders is if they are seen to really represent us. We think someone is more charismatic, the more they represent our collective identity(我们喜欢领导人的一个品质是，他们是否被视为真正代表了我们。我们认为一个人越有魅力，他就越能代表我们的集体身份)”可知，根据Professor Knippenberg的观点，代表我们的集体身份的领导人会受到我们的欢迎，故选C。
59．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“A lot of charismatic leadership, and leadership in general, is very contextual. It’s really good in entrepreneurial firms. It’s also good for turnarounds if the organization is in a bad state because it inspires(很多有魅力的领导，以及一般的领导，都是有情境性的。这在创业型公司中很好。如果公司处于糟糕的状态，这也有利于扭转局面，因为它能激励员工)”可知，Peters对魅力型领导的情境特征的态度是认可的，故选B。
【答案】60．D 61．C 62．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍Lively Flip这款手机的特点，服务和费用等。
60．细节理解题。根据EASY TO USE中的“Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Lively Flip. A large screen and big buttons make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation is loud and clear. (如今，手机听起来很难听，很难拨号，而且功能繁多，你可能永远都用不到。但Lively Flip的情况并非如此。大屏幕和大按钮让打电话给家人和朋友很容易，强大的扬声器确保每一次对话都是响亮和清晰的)”可知A项(它摒弃了不必要的功能)、B项(它保证了每次通话的高质量)是Lively Flip的特点，再根据文章中的“The Lively Flip is one of the most affordable cell phones on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. You can even keep your current landline or cell phone number. (Lively Flip是市场上最实惠的手机之一，具有可靠的全国覆盖。你甚至可以保留你现在的座机或手机号码)”可知C选项(它不需要更改电话号码)也是Lively Flip的特点，D选项“它使用户可以随时呼叫医生寻求帮助”文章没有提到，故选D。
61．推理判断题。根据EASY TO USE中的“Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Lively Flip. A large screen and big buttons make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation is loud and clear. (如今，手机听起来很难听，很难拨号，而且功能繁多，你可能永远都用不到。但Lively Flip的情况并非如此。大屏幕和大按钮让打电话给家人和朋友很容易，强大的扬声器确保每一次对话都是响亮和清晰的)”可知Lively Flip手机打电话操作方便，声音质量好，所以推断它特别适合不熟悉数字技术的老年人，故选C。
62．细节理解题。根据EASY TO BE PREPARED部分“Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, evaluate your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7.(做好准备生活有一种不可预测的方式，但您可以通过紧急响应服务在不确定或不安全的情况下做好准备。只需按下紧急响应按钮，即可与训练有素的代理人交谈，该代理人可以确认您的位置，评估您的情况，并为您提供所需的帮助，全天候)”可知，紧急响应按钮的设计是Lively Flip独有的。故选B。
【答案】63．A 64．D 65．A 66．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着人工智能产品在扮演人类角色方面不断进步，人们越来越担心对面正和自己交流是否是机器人，因为人们有自己的偏见，不信任机器人，即使实验证明机器人是有好的合作能力的。
63．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“The researchers used an Al algorithm (算法)that, when posing as a person, implemented a strategy that was better than people are at getting human partners to cooperate. But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.（研究人员使用了一种人工智能算法，当假扮成一个人的时候，实施了一种比人类更善于让人类伙伴合作的策略。但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”可知提到了人们不相信机器，即使机器人的策略比人类本身的策略更容易让合作伙伴合作；根据文章第三段““ No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.(“不管算法做了什么，人们只是坚持自己的偏见。”一个公开扮演机器人的机器人比人类更不可能获得合作，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利)”可知无论怎样做，人们就是不相信机器人，如果被告知是机器人的话，他们更不会选择机器人合作了，综上所述，推知“But the truth may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency (透明度)and cooperation in human-computer interactions.(但事实可能会降低这类产品的效率：最近的研究发现，在人机交流中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡)”表述的是人们在与机器交流中，应该存在透明度和合作之间的平衡，否则，一旦人们知道对面是机器人在和他们交流，他们根本不会相信机器人，那必然会导致机器人的效率低了，所以在透明度和合作之间要有平衡，故推知“trade-off ”意思的“平衡”；故选A项。
64．推理判断题。根据文第二段“But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.(但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”和文章第三段“The team hoped people playing with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate (without being a pushover) and would eventually get past their disbelief. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,”(研究小组希望人们在与一个已知的机器人玩时能够认识到它的合作能力（而不是一个容易被打败的机器人） ，并最终克服他们的怀疑。“遗憾的是，我们失败了”)”可知研究表明人类不相信机器人，而科学家希望人类能认识到机器人的合作能力而最终战胜对它们的怀疑，但是失败了，推知人类对机器人的态度就是抱有怀疑的；故选D项。
65．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.(但是之前的研究表明人们倾向于不相信机器，所以科学家们想知道如果机器人真的这样暴露出来会发生什么)”可知研究表明人类不相信机器，而科学家们想知道如果机器人真的暴露出来，会生什么；根据文章第三段““ No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.(“不管算法做了什么，人们只是坚持自己的偏见。”一个公开扮演机器人的机器人比人类更不可能获得合作，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。”)”可知不管怎样做，人们就是不相信机器人，如果人们被告知是机器人，更不可能去跟它们合作。由此推知，实验结果不支持科学家们的假设，故选A项。
66．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“praises the researchers for exploring the transparency-efficacy trade-off, but she would like to see it tested beyond the paper’s particular setup.(赞扬了研究人员探索透明度与效率之间的平衡,，但她希望看到它在论文的特殊设置之外进行测试)”可知Dignum对于此项研究是赞同的，而且希望去除实验特殊设置；根据文章最后一段“The authors say that in the public field, people should be asked for agreement to be deceived about a robot’s identity. It cannot be on an interaction-by interaction basis, or else the “deception” obviously will not work. But blanket permission for occasional deception, even if it can be obtained, still raises ethical quandaries (道德困境). Dignum says humans should have the option to know after they have interacted with a robot -but if she is calling customer service with a simple question, she adds, “I just want to get my answer.”(作者说，在公共领域，应该要求人们同意被欺骗的机器人的身份。它不能建立在互动的基础上，否则“欺骗”显然不会起作用。但是，即使能够获得对偶尔欺骗行为的全面许可，仍然会引发道德上的两难困境。Dignum说，人类在与机器人交流之后应该有权知道答案，但是如果她打电话给客服只是为了问一个简单的问题，她补充说，“我只是想得到我的答案)”可知此项研究论文的作者认为不应该事先告知人们机器人的身份，而Dignum对于这个研究是赞扬的，即对论文的作者的观点是不排斥的，并且认为可以去除实验中的设置来验证这个现象，而且Dignum认为人们在与机器交流后应该有权知道答案，而没有提及事先告知人们机器人的身份，故推知Dignum认同人们不需要被告知他们在任何场合都在与机器人互动这样的观点；故选C项。
Section C
【答案】67．D 68．C 69．A 70．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究成果：在未来15年里，给农场动物使用抗生素的数量预计将增加三分之二，在引起美国民众强烈关注的同时也引发一系列的后果。
67．根据空前“The researchers warn the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotics-resistant infections.(研究人员警告说，这些药物可能会加速耐抗生素感染的发展。)”可知，此处强调的是耐抗生素感染是在不断加速发展的，后文应该强调该发展带来的结果。D选项“Such infections are already a major public health concern in the United States.(这种感染在美国已经是一个主要的公共卫生问题。)”中的Such infections指代前文的antibiotics-resistant infections，形成呼应。故选D。
68．根据前文“Experts say when people stop living in poverty, the first thing they want to do is eat better. (专家表示，当人们不再生活在贫困中，他们想做的第一件事就是吃得更好。)”可知，此处强调当人们生活变好的时候，人们想的第一件事情就是吃得更好。后文指出具体的表现。C选项“For most people, that means eating more meat.(对大多数人来说，这意味着要吃更多的肉。)”可知，人们吃更多的肉是生活变好的体现。故选C。
69．根据空前的“Doctors find that antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer do.(医生们发现，曾经对感染有效的抗生素不再有效。)”可知，此处强调曾经对感染有效的抗生素不再有效。后文应该解释其原因。A选项“The bacteria have learned ways to fight the medicine.(细菌已经学会了对抗药物的方法。)”呼应前文。故选A。
70．根据前文的“ At least 23,000 die from an infection.(至少2.3万人死于感染。)”以及后文“The developing world doesn’t have to make all the same mistakes (发展中国家不必犯同样的错误。)”可知，发展中国家是可以不必犯发达国家所犯的同样的错误。即F选项“But Dr. Hansen says it does not have to be that way.(但汉森博士表示，情况并不一定是这样。)”中的that way指代的是前文的“至少2.3万人死于感染”情况以及后文中“发达国家所犯的同样的错误”形成呼应，符合句意。故选F。
IV.Summary Writing
【答案】(1)Online selling brings extra income but requires careful preparations. First, choose a credible platform with a wider customer base and insurance, and lower the price until you’ve established a fine reputation. Even if you cannot afford the prepaid fee of a platform, make sure transactions take place safely. It’s also essential to provide honest item descriptions and protect personal privacy. (60)
(2) Several things about selling online are worth noting. Firstly, proper platforms ensure customers and insurance, though an upfront fee and a good reputation are required. Secondly, always keep safety in mind, meet buyers in public and keep the product until you receive the payment. Thirdly, avoid inaccurate product description and revealing your full name. Be careful when you sell online.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在网上销售自己不需要东西的时候应注意的一些问题及销售方法。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
①Selling your stuff online does not only help to declutter(清理) your home and get rid of things you don’t need, but it can also be a great source of income.
②One thing you need to consider carefully is the platform on which you are going to advertise.
③Most big players in the field are so popular with sellers, not just because they can give you access to a bigger pool of potential customers, but also because they offer insurance both to the seller and the buyer, which gives both buyers and sellers more confidence.
④The downside, however, is that you will generally need to pay an upfront fee(预付费) for using the platform, and may also have to sacrifice a cut of your profit to the company.
⑤What’s more, you need to build up a reputation before buyers can trust you-which means you might have to settle for lower prices until you have a high rating.
⑥A few more things to keep in mind: always be accurate with your descriptions of the items you are selling, especially if advertising on a big platform.
⑦Don’t give out your full name, either- keep your last name private. Identity theft might be rare in such transactions, but it’s always better to be careful.
2. 缜密深思
把要点1重组；要点2、3、4整合；要点6和要点7重组，整合。
3. 遣词造句
Selling your stuff online not only help declutter your home, but it can also bring extra income.
One thing to consider carefully is the platform. A credible platform usually has a wider customer base and offer insurance.
The downside, however, is that you will generally need to pay an upfront fee for using the platform.
Besides, you have to settle for lower prices so as to build up a good reputation.
Always keep in mind that be accurate with the descriptions of items you are selling and be careful of your provacy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
First, choose a credible platform with a wider customer base and insurance, and lower the price until you’ve established a fine reputation. （运用了祈使句和时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】
It’s also essential to provide honest item descriptions and protect personal privacy.（运用了it作形式主语）
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
72.【答案】No one is in the dormitory with the door wide open, and what if a thief comes in?
【详解】考查what if的句型。根据句意可知，本句表示的是说现在的状况，所以时态用一般现在时；表示“宿舍里空无一人”用no one is in the dormitory；表示“门户大开”用with的复合结构with the door wide open，作状语；表示“如果……怎么办？”用句式what if ...；表示“贼进来了”用 a thief comes in，结合汉语，故翻译为：No one is in the dormitory with the door wide open, and what if a thief comes in?
73.【答案】During the warm days of spring when flowers blossom, people often travel outside and enjoy the beauty of spring.
【详解】考查定语从句。分析句意可知，此处描述的是心在的客观情况，全句使用一般现在时态，表示“在春暖的日子里”为介词短语作状语，应译为during the warm days of spring，during位于句首，首字母需大写，“花开的”作定语修饰“日子”应为定语从句，从句中不缺少主语，开花“blossom”为不及物，从句中不需要宾语，所以使用关系副词when，所以定语从句译为when flowers blossom，所以前半句译为“During the warm days of spring when flowers blossom”；表示“人们经常出去游玩”译为people often travel outside，“欣赏春天的美景”与“出去游玩”并列，应译为“enjoy the beauty of spring”，使用and将并列部分连接，所以后半句译为people often travel outside and enjoy the beauty of spring。故翻译为During the warm days of spring when flowers blossom, people often travel outside and enjoy the beauty of spring.
74.【答案】It’s so cold outside and if I could have a bowl of hot soup cooked by my mum right now, it would sure lift my mood immediately.
【详解】考查if引导的虚拟语气。分析所给中文提示词，“外面天气真冷”可译为“It’s so cold outside”，“要是现在能喝到一碗老妈煮的热汤，一定能立即提升我的心情。”根据句意可知，是对现在的一种假设，应该用if引导的虚拟语气，主句用主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形，从句用动词过去式，所以从句译为“if I could have a bowl of hot soup cooked by my mum right now”和前句是并列关系，中间用and连接，主句部分，根据题干要求“一定”需用副词“sure”，故译为“it would sure lift my mood immediately”。故译为：It’s so cold outside and if I could have a bowl of hot soup cooked by my mum right now, it would sure
lift my mood immediately.
75.【答案】Despite misfortunes, the artist devotes himself to studying rather than complaining about heaven and earth, and has made remarkable achievements in the field of painting.
【详解】考查介词、名词、动词短语和时态。表示“虽然”应用介词despite；表示“不幸”应用名词misfortune；表示“怨天怨地”短语为complain about heaven and earth；表示“而是”应用短语rather than；表示“潜心”应用短语devote oneself to，此处应用一般现在时态；表示“成绩斐然”应用短语make remarkable achievements，此处应用现在完成时，强调影响或结果。故翻译为：Despite misfortunes, the artist devotes himself to studying rather than complaining about heaven and earth, and has made remarkable achievements in the field of painting.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
【答案】
I’m Li Hua, the organizer of the English club. I founded this club to increase students’ interest in English and improve students’ oral English skills.
We have English club games every weekend. Students can play freely, thus improving their confidence in learning English. For example, we will organize English drama performances, which many students will come to watch and show their interest in. In addition, we also invite some teachers to guide us on how to perform English dramas every two weeks. This semester, we will continue to carry out special training activities. They will expand students’ English knowledge.
If you want to become a member of the club, you will be free to practice English every weekend. Looking forward to your joining us.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为学校其中一个社团的负责人，写一篇宣传稿介绍社团的情况，简单介绍社团的特色或优势，并描述社团的发展规划。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建立：found→set up
有兴趣：show interest in→be interested in
此外：in addition→besides
继续：continue→go on
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This semester, we will continue to carry out special training activities. They will expand students’ English knowledge.
拓展句：This semester, we will continue to carry out special training activities, which will expand students’ English knowledge.
【点睛】【高分句型1】For example, we will organize English drama performances, which many students will come to watch and show their interest in.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you want to become a member of the club, you will be free to practice English every weekend.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
听力原文录音文字稿
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. M: Is this seat taken?
W.I don't think so. The girl who was here finished her lunch and left.
Q:Where does this conversation probably take place?
2. M: I want to cash this check.
w: Will you step right over to the teller's window, please?
Q: What is probably the relationship between the two speakers?
3 W: Gary, did you turn in the locker key?
M:No, I got Sam to do it.
Q: What does Gary say about the locker key?
4:W:That sea house is excellent. Yesterday I ordered a cappuccino coffee. My husband had a vegetable salad
and my son had a chocolate milk shake there .
M: Maybe someday I'll go there and have a try
Q: What did the woman's son have at the sea house?
5.M:I'd like to drive to the theatre,but my brother is using the car tonight.
W:No problem. What about taking the subway? The station isn't far away from here.
Q: What's the woman's suggestion?
6. W:Peter,I've entered you for this wonderful piano course
M:Mum, don't you think I am old enough to make decisions for myself?
Q: What does the boy mean?
7. M:Hi, Betty, are you going to teach after you graduate from that university?
W: Where did you get the idea?
Q: What can be concluded about Betty?
8. M: Is there any assignment for next Tuesday?
W: Nothing to read or write. But we're supposed to listen to a radio program and be ready to talk about it in
class.
Q: What have the students been asked to do before Tuesday?
9.W:Where is the nearest gas station?
M: If only someone could tell me.
Q: What does the man mean?
10. M: You didn't drive here, did you?
W;No, I didn't. I was going to, but my car broke down.
Q: What happened to the woman?
Section B
Directions: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
In Tokyo there are always too many people in the places where 1 want to go. That is an important fact for me. Of course there are too many cars. The Japanese drive very fast when they can,but in Tokyo they often spend a long time in traffic jams.In this respect,Tokyo is not different from London,Paris or New York.It is different when one wants to walk.
At certain times of the day there may be a lot of people on foot in London's Oxford Street or near the big shops and stores in other great cities. But the streets near the Ginza in Tokyo are always full of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk.
The worst time to be in the street is at 11:30at night.That is when the nightclubs are closing and everybody wants to go home. There are about 35,000 nightclubs in Tokyo,and you don't often see one that is empty. Between 11 p.m. and 12 a.m. everybody is looking for a taxi.Usually the taxi is shared by four or five people who live in the same part of the city.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
11. For the speaker, what is the important fact about Tokyo?
12. For the speaker, when is the worst time to be in the street?
13. How many nightclubs are there in Tokyo?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
An underground room containing 1.5 tons of ancient coins,including some 2,000-year-old ones, has been discovered by a villager in Changzi County,north China's Shanxi Province
The man in Qianwanhu Village discovered the underground room with some 10,000 coins, ranging from 3 cm to 1 cm in diameter, on August 23 when he was digging a channel to place pipes for tap water,said Li Lin, an official of the Changzi Centre of Cultural Heritage and Tourism
Most of the coins were made during the Northern Song Dynasty with the rest made during Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty
Archaeologists said the coins were there for the following reasons:the coins were someone's private wealth; or they were buried by ancient Chinese private banks during the war;or they belonged to rich people who buried them during war but had forgotten them
The coins have been sent to local cultural relics authorities.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions
14. Where were the coins found?
15. When did the man discover the underground room?
16. How many reasons were mentioned for the coins to be there?
Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation
W:Daniel, did you have a dream when you were a little boy?
M:Of course I did. I dreamed to be a pilot when I grow up.But unfortunately,I didn't realize it. And Mary
how about you?
W:I had the same experience with you.When I was a little girl,I dreamed to be a great scientist. But now you
see, I'm just a common office clerk.
M:Okay, forget about that. So,do you have some practical dreams at present?
W:Ido. And now I'm working hard to learn English,and I want to be an interpreter some day.
M:You're promising. Just follow your dream, and as the saying goes, never give up whatever you do. I think is the most important thing on the road to success.
W:Thank you for your encouragement.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions:
17. What was Daniel's dream when he was a little boy?
18. What does Mary want to do at present?
Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
M: Have you noticed the new dustbin downstairs, at the entrance of the main building?
W: Yeah, of course. It looks funny,though, like a battery,What's it for?Is it really for garbage?
M: Not really. Actually it's a dustbin for used batteries.
W: Used batteries? What do you mean by that?Why do we need a special dustbin for used batteries?
M: Well, you know there are still a lot of heavy metals left in used batteries, so by recycling the batteries, we can not only make full use of the metals left, but also prevent the environment from being polluted .
W:Oh, I see. Can this work? Our efforts are too limited.
M:The Student Union is sponsoring a one-month program called “Green Movement”, which is aimed at making
mare and note students aware of serious environmental problems we are facing now.
W: Sounds quite exciting-"Green Movement”. What can I do?
M:Well,quite a lot. At least you can stop using those plastic meal-boxes and disposable wooden chopsticks.
They are a big waste of resources.Well, there will be a lecture tomorrow afternoon at four o'clock You may attend if you are interested.
W:Tomorrow afternoon...let me think... yeah, I happen to be free. I will go there.
(Now listen again, please!)
Questions
19. What are the two speakers doing?
20. What is the purpose of the "Green Movement" ?
相关试卷
2023年高考押题预测卷03（上海专用）-英语（全解全析）： 这是一份2023年高考押题预测卷03（上海专用）-英语（全解全析），共17页。试卷主要包含了5分；共25分），CBADC 6-10， C 64，缜密构思， M等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考押题预测卷02（新高考Ⅱ卷）-英语（全解全析）： 这是一份2023年高考押题预测卷02（新高考Ⅱ卷）-英语（全解全析），共14页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分15分)， ppularity 57，细节理解题，主旨大意题，推理判断题，词句猜测题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考押题预测卷02（天津卷）-英语（全解全析）： 这是一份2023年高考押题预测卷02（天津卷）-英语（全解全析），共13页。试卷主要包含了 Prved， Open， A， B， D等内容，欢迎下载使用。
