高考英语单项选择分类训练：定语从句

这是一份高考英语单项选择分类训练：定语从句，共17页。

单项选择
1．In ancient China lived an artist _________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud.
A．whose B．that C．which D．whom
2．The study shows that the number of people ______ weight poses a serious threat to their health is greater than ever before.
A．where B．whose C．which D．when
3．We started from Vancouver, _________ we picked up our vehicle for the trip — a home on wheels.
A．when B．who C．where D．what
4．Longji Rice Terraces still mean a lot to local people, ________ traditions hold much value.
A．in which B．who C．for whom D．that
5．This novel, ________ I have read three times, is very touching.
A．that B．which C．whose D．who
6．There are a lot of students here, none of ________ like the film.
A．that B．which C．whom D．who
7．We don’t know the reason ________ he didn’t show up.
A．why B．that C．which D．who
8．You can’t imagine the reason ______ he finally sold his company.
A．in which B．from which C．on which D．for which
9．I remember on the first day of my senior high ______ I was asked to introduce myself to the class.
A．when B．why C．which D．where
10．Yesterday, he visited his teacher ______ advice proved to be beneficial throughout his life.
A．which B．whom C．who D．whose
11．Can you spare me some time? Because I’ve got to talk to you about the moment ________ you made me cross.
A．when B．which C．as D．how
12．I’ll be mad if I can’t find my treasured book in ________ are stored the most important data of the research led by my tutor.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
13．I will never forget the scene________you saw me off in tears at the station.
A．which B．why C．what D．where
14．There are many cases ______students fail to write a good essay ______the words and expressions they’ve already learned.
A．which; composed of B．where; consisting of
C．what; comprised of D．where; consisted of
15．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.
A．of whom B．about which C．from which D．by whom
16．Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.
A．them B．that C．which D．whose
17．It was April 29, 2001 ________ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A．that B．when C．since D．before
18．Have you ever had a case ________ someone accused your journalist of getting the wrong end of the stick?
A．as B．when C．where D．which
19．Yet, in real life, circumstances do sometimes bring about coincidences ________ anyone but a nineteenth century novelist would find unbelievable.
A．which B．whose C．where D．when
20．Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is as important as sales skills.
A．which B．that C．when D．where
21．Every language has its idioms, _____ are groups of words with meanings different from the meanings of the individual words.
A．that B．which C．where D．who
22．Life is like a marathon ________ perseverance and efforts count.
A．when B．how C．where D．why
23．________ is known to the world, Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110 m hurdles at the Olympic Games.
A．That B．Which C．As D．It
24．The singer ______ we practised the most was Freddy.
A．at whom B．with which C．with whom D．at which
25．A lot of teachers were praised at the meeting yesterday, two of _________ are from our school.
A．who B．which C．them D．whom
26．________is reported, Chinese team won the final.
A．So B．As C．which D．When
27．My house,________I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
A．which B．what C．for which D．where
28．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
A．who B．where C．which D．that
29．Recently they have been developing a new kind of drug, ________ effects we are greatly concerned.
A．to whose B．about whose C．to which D．about which
30．It was a crisis ________ she was totally unprepared.
A．which B．for which C．on which D．that
31．It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood.
A．which; where B．that; where C．which; that D．that; which
32．Students will encounter many challenges in the universities for the first year,________ getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one.
A．of which B．for which C．to which D．by which
33．I’ll share a story with you this class, one ________ music can touch one’s soul and change one’s life.
A．that B．which C．when D．where
34．In the middle of this particular scene, I spot a small girl ______ ankle is twice its normal size.
A．which B．that C．whose D．who
35．The company has now introduced a policy ______ pay rises are related to performance at work.
A．where B．which C．whether D．what
36．From childhood Picasso showed a strong interest in painting ______ with him throughout his life.
A．remained B．to remain C．having remained D．that remained
37．After the accident, they got into a situation ________ they fought with each other, and they both ended up ________ prison.
A．that; with B．where; in C．which; in D．where; with
38．This is Professor Wang, in ________ class I learn a lot and gradually take to ________ English novels.
A．which; read B．whose; reading C．his; read D．which; reading
39．The reason ________ I gave up is ________ I could not see the place I was going to reach.
A．that; because B．why; that C．why; because D．that; that
40．One of the waiters in the restaurant was not polite to the customers, ________ made the manager very angry.
A．that B．when C．who D．which
41．People can find almost whatever they need at the new shopping mall,________ is always crowded with people at weekends.
A．which B．where C．that D．as
42．He began to receive urgent requests from poor countries ________ population growth was more than the food supply could feed.
A．which B．that C．those D．where
43．He is a man with will power, ________ explains why he has successfully broken the habit of smoking.
A．that B．which C．it D．who
44．Google has added four new countries to the list ________ Android developers can sell their products.
A．of which B．from where C．in where D．to which
45．When he was 56, cancer claimed the life of Steve Jobs, ________ spirit will live on forever in Apple.
A．when B．whose C．where D．which
46．We are living in an age ________ people broadcast the smallest details of their life.
A．that B．which C．when D．where
47．The art centre is ________ used to be a factory, ________ millions of tractors were made.
A．what; where B．where; where
C．what; which D．where; which
48．When I got New York, I had to attend a school for students________ first language was not English.
A．who B．which C．whose D．where
49．At that time his life as a professional basketball player began, ________ the success of his career depended on his performance.
A．from which point on B．from that point on
C．after that D．in that
50．She is unwilling to face the fact that her only son ________ she was so devoted should die at such a young age.
A．who B．to whom C．that D．for whom
51．My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings.
A．they B．who C．which D．/
52．—Have you watched the TV play “In the Name of People”(人民的名义)？
—It’s the most popular play ______ our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).
A．where show B．which show C．that shows D．who shows
53．—What kind of teachers do you like, John?
—I like the teachers _____are friendly to us.
A．which B．whose C．who
54．—In the program The Singer in 2018, I like Hua Chenyu most.
—Yes. He is the singer _______ won the first prize of Happy Boy’s Voice in 2013.
A．what B．which C．who
55．Danny met a famous astronaut ________ was the first Canadian astronaut in space.
A．which B．what C．whose D．who
56．— What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV?
— It’s a great TV show _______ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public.
A．whom B．who C．whose D．that
57．—Only You is a TV program _______is popular with most young people.
—Yes, it is definitely true.
A．that B．whose C．what D．who
58．She has a teenager granddaughter about my age ________ is really kind.
A．who B．which C．where D．/
59．Anyone who is a server or ____ has been one knows that customers always come first.
A．whom B．what C．who D．which
60．—What are you looking for?
—I' m looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week.
A．who B．what C．that D．when
61．The next day they put up shelter with anything ________ they could find.
A．whose B．which C．who D．that
62．The reason ______ he was late for class is ______ he didn’t catch the first bus.
A．why; because B．why; that C．that; because D．which; that
63．The first person ______ was Tony Cassia, ______ was from the UK.
A．arrive; which B．arriving; which C．to arrive; who D．arrived; who
64．—Where did you have the discussion with Professor Snow?
—It was in the classroom we had a biology lesson yesterday.
A．which B．when C．that D．where
65．Have you heard about the player got the first prize in the swimming?
A．which B．what C．who D．whom
66．I adore my English teacher because she can always create an atmosphere ________all the students feel respected and cared for.
A．that B．when C．where D．which
67．_________ we expected, he lost the game in the end.
A．When B．That C．While D．As
68．From 1997, J.K. Rowling created the Harry Potter fantasy series, __________ she became internationally famous.
A．that B．which C．for which D．to which
69．It was the fourth time that he had got first prize, __________ surprised all of us.
A．that B．which C．for which D．for that
70．Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ________ they can be controlled on purpose.
A．for which B．to which C．of which D．on which











参考答案：
1．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位艺术家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。这位艺术家的声誉使他感到骄傲。分析句子结构可知，空格部分为关系代词引导定语从句修饰前面的先行词artist，其与painting之间存在所属关系，应使用关系代词whose，故选A。
2．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，体重对健康构成严重威胁的人数比以往任何时候都多。分析句子可知，此处为限定性定语从句。先行词是people，关系词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose引导。故选B。
3．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们从温哥华出发，在那里我们取到了旅行用的车辆——一辆房车。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Vancouver，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选C。
4．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：龙吉水稻梯田对当地人来说仍然是很重要的，因为对他们来说传统上有很大的价值。分析句子可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词local people，结合句意，此处表示“对于当地人来说”，可使用介词for，关系代词whom指代先行词local people作介词的宾语。故选C。
5．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本小说很感人，我已经读了三遍了。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，先行词novel是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故选B。
6．C
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这里有很多学生，没有一个人喜欢这部电影。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是students，关系词在从句中充当介词of的宾语，应用whom引导。故选C。
7．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们不知道他没有出现的原因。句中先行词为reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导。故选A。
8．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你无法想象他最终卖掉公司的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了限制性定语从句，先行词为the reason 在从句中做状语，可使用介词+关系代词for+which等同于关系副词why，故选择D项。
9．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我记得在我上高中的第一天，我被要求向全班做自我介绍。分析句子结构可知，此处应为定语从句，先行词是the first day of my senior high，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词表时间，所以使用关系副词when。故选A项。
10．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天，他拜访了他的老师，老师的建议被证明对他一生有益。该空引导限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词teacher，在从句作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故选D。
11．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能抽出点时间吗？因为我得跟你谈谈你惹我生气的那一刻。A. when定语从句中作时间状语，为关系副词；B. which定语从句中为关系代词；C. as定语从句中作关系代词；D. how多么，怎样，不引导定语从句。句子分析可知，“________ you made me cross”为限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词the moment，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故选A。
12．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果我找不到我那本珍贵的书，我会发疯的，里面存放着我导师领导的研究的最重要的数据。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作in的宾语，先行词是book，所以应该用which引导。故选C项。
13．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记你在车站眼泪汪汪地为我送行的那一幕。根据句子分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为the scene，在从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导，故选D。
14．B
【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：在很多情况下，学生不能写出一篇由他们已经学过的单词和表达组成的好文章。分析句子可知，“____students fail to write a good essay____the words and expressions they’ve already learned.”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cases，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，是“模糊地点”，意为“在这些情况下”，应用关系副词where引导该定语从句；在定语从句中，“consist of the words and expressions they’ve already learned.”修饰名词a good essay，作后置定语，consist of“由……组成”是非谓语动词，动词短语consist of无被语态，用作非谓语动词时用现在分词形式consisting of。故选B项。
15．C
【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：威廉·海斯蒂曾提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重蹈覆辙。分析句子可知，空处及之后的句子为定语从句，先行词为mistakes，句子表示“我们可以从错误中吸取教训，而不是重蹈覆辙”，所以空处用“from which”，故选C。
16．C
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：Maria已经写了两部小说，它们都被制作成了电视剧。先行词为novel，从句缺少主语，且位于介词of之后，应用which引导，构成“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。
17．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：2001年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特·米德尔顿走进婚礼大厅。空处引导定语从句，先行词是April 29, 2001，代替它在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选B。
18．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你有没有遇到过这样的情况，有人指责你的记者说错了方向？空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是case，关系词代替它在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选C。
19．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，在现实生活中，环境有时确实会带来一些巧合，这些巧合除了19世纪的小说家外谁也不会相信。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是coincidences，指物，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故选A。
20．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售技巧同样重要的职位。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句主干成分完整，先行词position是抽象地点，用关系副词where引导定语从句，故选D。
21．B
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：每种语言都有自己的习语，习语是一组词，它们的意思与单个单词的意思不同。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是idioms，对其作进一步补充说明，首先可排除that。先行词是物，在定语从句中是主语，所以用关系代词which，而非关系副词where以及指人的关系代词who。故选B。
22．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生活就像一场马拉松，坚持不懈和努力才是最重要的。句中先行词为 marathon，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选C。
23．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，中国的刘翔成为历史上在奥运比赛中获得110米男子跨栏的亚洲第一人。空格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面整个句子，且在句首，表示“正如”，应用As来引导定语从句。故选C。
24．C
【详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：和我们一起练习最多的歌手是Freddy。句子分析可知“ ______ we practised the most”为限制性定语从句，“和某人一起”用介词with，“和某人一起练习”表达为practise with sb，先行词为The singer，在定语从句中作介词with的宾语，结合题干可知此定语从句中with提前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为The singer，指人，关系代词用whom；由此可知，设空处填with whom。故选C。
25．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在昨天的会议上，许多老师受到了表扬，其中有两位是我们学校的。根据句意分析句子可知，逗号后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词teachers进行限定说明，该定语从句是“数词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，由先行词teachers和介词of可知，此处的关系代词只能用whom。故选D项。
26．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如报道上说的那样，中国队赢了决赛。分析可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个句子，先行词在从句中作主语，并表示“正如”，故应用关系代词as引导。故选B项。
27．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我去年买的房子有一个漂亮的花园。句中先行词为My house，在非限定性定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选A。
28．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。分析句子结构，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词species，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，且先行词前有all修饰，只能用关系代词that引导从句。故选D。
29．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近他们在研制一种新药，其效果引起了我们的高度关注。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 a new kind of drug，结合短语be concerned about可知应用介词about，从句缺少定语。故选B。
30．B
【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：这是一场她完全没有准备好的危机。此处为定语从句，先行词为a crisis，在从句中作宾语，短语be unprepared/prepared for意为“对……毫无准备/做好准备”，介词for可以提到从句前面，构成介词+which引导的定语从句。故选B项。
31．C
【详解】考查定语从句关系词及强调句。句意：他的童年是在他父亲用石头建造的小房子里度过的。分析句子结构可知，一空处引导定语从句，先行词是house，在从句中作主语，应该用that或者which引导，二空处引导的是it is+强调部分+that的强调句型，应该填that。故选C项。
32．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在大学的第一年，学生们将面临许多挑战，其中最重要的挑战之一是迅速适应新环境。先行词为many challenges，定语从句为getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one of，先行词表示物作宾语，用which，of提前。故选A项。
33．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我将与你分享一个故事，一个有一首曲子可以触及你的灵魂，改变你的生活的故事。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，one指代上文提到的story，从句中作抽象地点状语， 用关系副词where引导定语从句，故选D。
34．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这个特别的场景中间，我发现了一个小女孩，她的脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为girl，关系代词whose引导从句，在从句中作定语，限定名词ankle，意为“她的”。故选C项。
35．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：公司现在出台了一项政策，内容是涨工资由个人的工作表现决定。A. where在哪儿；B. which哪一个；C. whether是否；D. what什么。根据句意及句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为policy，从句结构完整，空处在定语从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句，故选A。
36．D
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：毕加索从小就表现出对绘画的浓厚兴趣，这种兴趣伴随他一生。句中谓语是showed，painting后的动词要么用非谓语动词，要么用定语从句，interest和remain之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词remaining表主动，因此A，B，C选项都错；可用interest作先行词，用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，由showed可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是that remained。故选D。
37．B
【详解】考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意：在这次事故后，他们到了互相争斗的境地，最终两人都进了监狱。第一空考查定语从句，先行词situation表示处境，后面从句作抽象地点状语，用关系副词where引导。第二空考查固定搭配，end up in prison表示最终以坐牢结束。故选B项。
38．B
【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：这位是王教授，在他的课上我学到了很多，并逐渐喜欢上阅读英语小说。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是“in+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Professor Wang，结合语意，此处表示“在王教授的课上”，所以第一空应用关系代词whose；take to doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“喜欢上做某事”，所以第二空应用动名词形式作介词to的宾语。故选B。
39．B
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：我放弃的原因是我完全看不到我要到达的地方。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词表示原因，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导从句，第二空引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分以及含义，应用that引导从句。故选B。
40．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：餐厅的一位服务员对顾客不礼貌，这使经理很生气。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语指的是整个主句的内容，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选D。
41．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们几乎可以在新的购物中心找到他们需要的任何东西，周末总是挤满了人。空出引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the new shopping mall，且从句缺主语，故用关系代词which引导该从句。故选A项。
42．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他开始收到来自贫穷国家的紧急请求，这些国家的人口增长超过了粮食供应所能养活的粮食。A. which哪一个；B. that那个； C. those 那些；D. where哪里。根据句意及句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为poor countries，空处应为关系副词，充当地点状语，故选D。
43．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是一个有意志力的人，这解释了为什么他成功地改掉了吸烟的习惯。先行词为前面的句子，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，关系代词为which。故选B项。
44．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：谷歌在安卓系统开发商可以销售产品的国家名单上新增加了4个国家。分析句子结构可知，“ ________ Android developers can sell their products”是定语从句，先行词是“the list”，sell sth to sb表示“向某人售卖某物”，故从句完整形式应为Android developers can sell their products to the list (of countries)，介词用to，先行词是物，用which。故选D项。
45．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当他56岁时，癌症夺走了史蒂夫乔布斯的生命，他的精神将永远存在于苹果公司。分析句子可知，逗号前句子成分完整，先行词是“Steve Jobs”，与“spirit”有所属关系，“乔布斯的精神”，应选一个作定语的关系代词。故选B。
46．C
【详解】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意：我们生活在这样一个时代，人们会把生活中最小的细节都公之于众。此处考查限制性定语从句，先行词为age，在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故选C项。
47．A
【详解】考查表语从句和定语从句。句意：艺术中心曾经是一个工厂，生产了数百万辆拖拉机。分析句子可知，第一空引导表语从句，且该从句缺主语，故用what引导该从句；第二空引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词factory，且该从句主干完整，因此用关系副词where引导该从句，where在从句中作地点状语。故选A项。
48．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我到达纽约时，我不得不去一所为第一语言不是英语的学生开设的学校。先行词为 students，在定语从句作定语，用关系代词为whose。故选C项。
49．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那时，他开始了职业篮球运动员的生活，从那时起他的职业生涯的成功取决于他的表现。分析句子可知，此处应用“介词+关系代词”引导的非限定性定语从句。在“介词+关系代词”结构中，先行词指物时，关系代词只能用which。故选A。
50．B
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”。句意：她不愿意面对这样一个事实：她那么挚爱的儿子竟然在这么年轻的时候就死了。her only son为先行词，为人，后接限制性定语从句，先行词作从句谓语动词短语be devoted to的宾语，介词to前置，后接关系代词whom。故选B项。
51．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我祖父母喜欢有快乐结尾的故事。根据句意，这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中stories是先行词，故关系词要用that或者which，故可排除AB；再根据所缺的空在定语从句中作主语，故关系代词不能省略，故排除D。故选C。
52．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你看过电视剧《人民的名义》吗?——这是我们党努力反腐的最受欢迎的剧本。当先行词前有形容词的最高级或者序数词来修饰的时候，关系代词只能用that。谓语与先行词保持一致，用第三人称单数。故选C。
53．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——约翰，你喜欢哪类的老师？——我喜欢对我们友好的老师。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是teachers，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故选C。

54．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——2018年的《歌手》节目，我最喜欢华晨宇。——是的。他是2013年获得快乐男声一等奖的歌手。句中先行词为the singer，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选C。
55．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：丹尼遇到了一位著名的宇航员，他是进入太空的第一位加拿大宇航员。which指代物，whose指代人或物，先行词在定语从句中作定语；who指代人，先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what一般不引导定语从句。这里先行词astronaut是人，在从句中作主语，故用who引导。故选D。
56．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你对中央电视台的节目 《朗读者》有什么看法？——这是 一个很棒的电视节目，通过公开朗读来表达我们的真实感受。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a great TV show，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，要用关系代词that/which。故答案为D。
57．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——《只有你》是一个深受年轻人欢迎的电视节目。——是的，这绝对是真的。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是TV program，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故选A。

58．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她有一个和我年龄相仿的十几岁的孙女，人真的很好。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是granddaughter，指人，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故选A。

59．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：任何服务员或曾经做过服务员的人都知道顾客至上的道理。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是anyone，指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故选C。

60．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：—你在寻找什么？—我正在寻找你上周借给我的字典。A. who谁；B. what什么；C. that那个；D. when什么时候。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为dictionary，指物做宾语，可以用关系代词that/which，故选C.
61．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：第二天，他们用一切能找到的东西搭起了帐篷。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词anything在定语从句中作宾语；当先行词是不定代词时，关系代词只能用that不能用which。故选D。
62．B
【详解】考查从句。句意：他上课迟到的原因是他没有赶上第一班车。第一空引导定语从句，the reason为先行词 ，在定语从句中作原因状语，关系副词为why。第二个空为表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，所以用that引导。故选B项。
63．C
【详解】考查动词不定式和定语从句。句意：第一个到达的人是来自英国的Tony Cassia。名词person前有序数词first修饰，故第一空用动词不定式作定语；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Tony Cassia，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who。故选C。
64．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你和斯诺教授在哪里讨论的？——在我们昨天上生物课的教室里。分析可知，空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词classroom是地方，因此空格处用关系副词where，故选D。
65．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你听说那个在游泳比赛中得了第一名的运动员了吗？空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是player，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故选C。
66．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我很喜欢我的英语老师，因为她总能营造出一种让所有学生都感到被尊重和被关心的氛围。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，先行词为抽象地点名词，且从句缺少状语，应用关系副词where来引导，故选C。
67．D
【详解】考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：不出所料，他最后输了比赛。A.When在……时候；B. That那个；那种 ；C.While当……时候；然而；D.As正如；正像。由句意知他最终输了比赛，而这个结局在我们的意料之中。As we expected意为“正如我们所预料的”，此处的as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如；正像”。故选D项。
68．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：从1997年开始，J.K.罗琳创作了奇幻系列《哈利波特》，并因此享誉国际。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，J.K.罗琳因为《哈利波特》出名，be famous for意为“因……而出名”，因此空格处用for which引导非限制性定语从句（关系代词which指代先行词the Harry Potter fantasy series作介词for的宾语），故选C。
69．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他第四次获得一等奖，这让我们所有人都很惊讶。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰空前的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故选B项。
70．B
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：人类的面部表情与动物的不同之处在于它们可以在多大程度上被有意控制。表达“到达某种程度”应用to...degree，先行词是degree，作介词to的宾语，应用which。故选B。