高考英语汉译英专项训练

这是一份高考英语汉译英专项训练，共22页。

汉译英（整句）
1．如何改革僵化局限的教育项目，构建灵活创新的课程体系，体现学校对学生的现实意义是教育家们最为关注的问题之一。(concern) (汉译英)
2．针对这次违纪事件，校方没有直接加以处罚，而是让学生自己讨论出解决方案，吃一堑长一智。(impose) (汉译英)
3．谭盾为牡丹亭(The Peony Pavilion)创作新舞美，注入新生命，因而它两年的演出座无虚席。(which)(汉译英)
4．多数当地人靠捕猎鲸鱼勉强维生，他们对教育的需求日益增长，盼着能提高生活水平。(demand) (汉译英)
5．这部大热纪录片里其乐融融的场景让我想起了自己小时候，每年除夕全家围在一起守岁的情景。(when) (汉译英)
6．那位落败的摄影师明确表示，他仍旧会对事业保有热情，没有什么能妨碍他对艺术的追求。(way) (汉译英)
7．尽管各种不同网页的数量成倍增加，但使用方言的网页却很少。(Despite)(汉译英)
8．数学家苏步青坚守他对科学的信仰，敬业地在复旦大学工作了数十年。(hold) (汉译英)
9．由于生态环境的日益改善，这个地区的湿地吸引了越来越多的鸟类来此过冬，包括一些珍稀的鸟类。(attract) (汉译英)
10．圣诞音乐会以一段五十岁左右的听众耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar)(汉译英)
11．这家咖啡馆让我想起了二十世纪五六十年代的茶馆。(remind)(汉译英)
12．这位教练既对孩子们要求严格，也不遗余力地呵护着他们对足球的热爱。(effort) (汉译英)
13．50年前，这里还是人迹罕至的海滩，与今天的游人如织迥然不同。(contrast) (汉译英)
14．最大挑战可能在于如何重塑员工对公司的信心。(lie) (汉译英)
15．无论我们采取什么措施来消除这个负面影响，都于事无补。（Whatever）（汉译英）
16．据报道，这场京剧演出在海外赢得了许多掌声和好评，并且组织者成功地抓住了这个机会传播了中国文化。(It...) （汉译英）
17．他过去优异的学业成绩和工作经历使他比其他候选人在面试时更有心理优势。（advantage）（汉译英）
18．最近的这起事件会给媒体增加更多的压力。(add) （汉译英）
19．尽管科技的发展日新月异，但是有一些新发明并不适用于所有人。(apply) (汉译英)
20．被恐怖分子绑架的儿童安然无恙地回到家里，我们都松了一口气。（relief）（汉译英）
21．气候变化所带来的负面影响引起了全球的关注，这些影响难以解决。(gain) (汉译英)
22．很多国内和国外的企业在疫情期间遭受重创，举步维艰努力维持生计。(struggle) (汉译英)
23．找到电影观众所接受的演员，有时候决定着电影的成败。(汉译英)
24．人们普遍认为，情商高的人易接受新思想，对待生活积极乐观。(汉译英)
25．现在很常见地看到广告用专家的图片、文字，向人们展示产品有多棒。(汉译英)
26．看门人在楼下的房间里发现他痛苦地躺在床上。他的鞋子和衣服都湿透了,冰凉冰凉的。(汉译英)
27．在你被职业抛弃之前，你可以为未来的发展和变化做好准备。(汉译英)
28．那只流浪狗疲惫不堪，连睡觉的地方也没有。(nowhere) (汉译英)
29．有人敲门之前，我一直在看书。(过去完成进行时) (汉译英)
30．从远处看水是静止的。(still)(汉译英)
31．他喜欢写诗，入选文学俱乐部。(be selected) (汉译英)
32．让你自己平静下来，没有必要为此事心烦。（calm… down）（汉译英）
33．从远处看湖水是静止的。(still)(汉译英)
34．别紧张!要临危不惧。(calm) (汉译英)
35．我从这所学校毕业已经十年了。(graduate from) (汉译英)
36．他有一部分教育是在英国接受的。（part of）（汉译英）
37．与她争论是没有用的。（It is no use doing sth.）（汉译英）
38．人们相信将“福”字倒着贴，福气就会到来。（upside down）（汉译英）
39．新郎和新娘给客人们敬酒是中国的传统。（toast）（汉译英）
40．在中秋节，我喜欢吃豆沙馅的月饼。(bean paste) (汉译英)
41．健康专家越来越担心过度使用手机会给我们带来潜在的身心危害。(concern) (汉译英)
42．生态旅游正日益受到不同年龄层游客的青睐。(growing) （汉译英）
43．人们普遍认为，成年意味着承担更多的责任，接受多元文化，更重要的是，不再依赖父母。（take on）(汉译英)
44．请注意，我有重要的事要宣布。(汉译英)
45．本周末上午，北京大学的李教授将在我们学校进行一次关于全球气候的演讲。(汉译英)
46．期待你的参与。(汉译英)
47．请大家注意，我要宣布一则通知。(汉译英)
48．务必准时到达，不要迟到。(汉译英)
49．中秋节的满月被认为是代表着家庭的团聚，家人们即使住得很远也要回来。（汉译英）
50．研究表明锻炼改善某些大脑功能，这意味着你可以通过锻炼来提高自己的学业表现。（汉译英）
51．由于有效的预防，再也没有人感染这种传染性病毒了。(汉译英)
52．我把在英语学习方面取得的巨大进步归功于您的合理建议。(一句多译)
①________________________________
②________________________________(运用it作形式宾语)
53．据报道，由于智能手机的问世，看杂志的人数在减少。(汉译英)
54．下一步是清除最后残存的入侵物种，这就是我的工作了——和我的狗一起。(where引导表语从句) (汉译英)
55．虽然在中国的其他地区，由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂濒临灭绝，但是神农架的这种蜜蜂和当地的人们已经共存了几个世纪。(状语从句的省略) (汉译英)
56．去年这家公司的营业额(turnover)明显下降(汉译英)
57．多亏政府的干预，患者数量减少到300人。(汉译英)
58．它们最终对病毒产生了免疫，数量又一次激增。(汉译英)
59．他们也不难想象出，数千年来，当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。(否定副词位于句首引起的倒装)(汉译英)
60．这一事件表明，大鼠、老鼠和兔子泛滥的问题需要一劳永逸地解决。(it作形式宾语) (汉译英)
61．唐僧看似固执、软弱、无能，但在保持团队团结、展示人们的善良和人性方面发挥了重要作用。（汉译英）
62．现在靠活着的人来消除的不仅有南北之间的分裂, 还有黑人和白人之间的界限, 并且一步一步地朝着人类平等的方向努力。（汉译英）
63．相反，它是关于国家和人民共同努力，共同创造一个更加包容和谐的世界，这样我们都可以享受互利。（汉译英）
64．比赛旨在突出学生的实际烹饪技能,帮助学生养成健康的饮食习惯,并丰富他们的学校生活。（汉译英）
65．报告批评了这个部门对资源的浪费。(the waste of) (汉译英)
66．让我印象深刻的是他们都受了很多苦。(主语从句) (汉译英)
67．据估算，去年至少有470人失去了工作。(It做形式主语的主语从句) (汉译英)
68．他对项目的成功贡献良多。(make a contribution to) (汉译英)
69．只要你不试图理解，它听起来是美的。（provided; make sense of） （汉译英）
70．这是他自幼就着迷的问题。(It is/was...that...) (汉译英)














参考答案：
1．How to reform stagnant and limited educational programs, construct a flexible and innovative curriculum system, and reflect the practical significance of schools to students is one of the most concerning issues for educators.
【详解】考查固定短语和固定结构。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，作主语；表示“改革僵化局限的教育项目”翻译为reform stagnant and limited educational programs；表示“构建灵活创新的课程体系”翻译为construct a flexible and innovative curriculum system；表示“体现学校对学生的现实意义”翻译为reflect the practical significance of schools to students；表示“是教育家们最为关注的问题之一”应用one of the most concerning issues for educators。为一般现在时。故翻译为How to reform stagnant and limited educational programs, construct a flexible and innovative curriculum system, and reflect the practical significance of schools to students is one of the most concerning issues for educators.
2．In response to this disciplinary incident, instead of imposing direct penalties, the school authority asked the students to hash out solutions and learn from their mistakes.
【详解】考查固定短语，动名词，时态，语态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“针对”是in response to，“这次违纪事件”是this disciplinary incident，“校方”是the school authority，“没有做某事”是instead of doing，“直接加以处罚”是impose direct penalties，“让某人做某事”是ask sb. to do，“讨论出解决方案”是hash out solutions，“吃一堑长一智”是learn from their mistakes，因此整句话翻译为“In response to this disciplinary incident, instead of imposing direct penalties, the school authority asked the students to hash out solutions and learn from their mistakes”。故答案为In response to this disciplinary incident, instead of imposing direct penalties, the school authority asked the students to hash out solutions and learn from their mistakes.
3．Tan Dun created new stage design and injected new life into The Peony Pavilion, which resulted in two years of sold-out performances.
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。“谭盾”为Tan Dun，在句中作主语；“创作”翻译为create，“注入”翻译为inject...into...，在句中作谓语动词；“新舞美”翻译为new stage design，“新生命”翻译为new life，在句中作宾语。指代前面一句话，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。“因而”用短语result in；“它两年的演出座无虚席”翻译为 two years of sold-out performances。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为Tan Dun created new stage design and injected new life into The Peony Pavilion, which resulted in two years of sold-out performances.
4．The majority of locals rely on hunting whales to barely make ends meet, and their demand for education is growing as they hope to improve their standard of living.
【详解】考查固定短语和状语从句。表示“多数当地人”短语为the majority of locals；表示“靠捕猎鲸鱼勉强维生”翻译为rely on hunting whales to barely make ends meet，为一般现在时；and连接并列句，表示“对教育的需求”短语为their demand for education；表示“增长”应用grow，此处用现在进行时；as引导原因状语从句，主语为they，表示“盼着”应用hope to；表示“提高生活水平”翻译为improve their standard of living。故翻译为The majority of locals rely on hunting whales to barely make ends meet, and their demand for education is growing as they hope to improve their standard of living.
5．The happy scenes in the hit documentary remind me of when I was a child, the whole family would gather together every New Year’s Eve.
【详解】考查状语从句和动词短语。表示“乐融融的场景”应用the happy scenes；表示“这部大热纪录片里”翻译为in the hit documentary；表示“让某人想起”短语为remind sb. of sth.，为一般现在时；when引导时间状语从句，表示“自己小时候”翻译为when I was a child；表示“全家围在一起守岁”翻译为the whole family would gather together；表示“每年除夕”翻译为every New Year's Eve。故翻译为The happy scenes in the hit documentary remind me of when I was a child, the whole family would gather together every New Year’s Eve.
6．The defeated photographer made it clear that he would still have a passion for his career and that nothing would get in the way of his pursuit of art.
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词、固定句型、短语和时态。“落败的”可以用形容词defeated表示；“摄影师”用名词photographer表示；“明确表示”可以用句型make it clear that表示，其it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句；“仍旧”用副词still表示；“对……有热情”用短语have a passion for表示；“事业”翻译为career；“没什么”翻译为nothing；“妨碍”可以用短语get in the way of表示；“对艺术的追求”翻译为pursuit of art；根据句意可知，该句子应该用一般过去时。故翻译为The defeated photographer made it clear that he would still have a passion for his career and that nothing would get in the way of his pursuit of art.
7．Despite the exponential growth in the number of different webpages, there are very few webpages that use dialects.
【详解】考查介词、固定短语和时态。表示“尽管”应用介词despite；表示“各种不同网页的数量成倍增加”翻译为the exponential growth in the number of different webpages；为there be句型；表示“使用方言的网页却很少”翻译为very few webpages that use dialects，that引导定语从句；为一般现在时。故翻译为Despite the exponential growth in the number of different webpages, there are very few webpages that use dialects.
8．Mathematician Su Buqing held his faith in science and worked with dedication in Fudan University for decades.
【详解】考查动词、名词、固定搭配和时态。“数学家”用名词mathematician表示；“坚守他对科学的信仰”翻译为hold his faith in science；“敬业地工作”翻译为work with dedication；“在复旦大学”翻译为in Fudan University；“数十年”翻译为for decades；根据句意可知，该句子应该用一般过去时。故翻译为Mathematician Su Buqing held his faith in science and worked with dedication in Fudan University for decades.
9．Due to the increasing improvement of the ecological environment, the wetlands in this area have attracted more and more birds to spend winter here, including some rare birds.
【详解】考查时态、名词、动词、短语和介词。表示“由于”应用due to；表示“生态环境”应用ecological environment；表示“日益改善”应用increasing improvement；表示“湿地”应用wetland；表示“吸引”应用attract；表示“越来越多的”应用more and more；表示“包括”应用include；表示“珍稀的鸟类”应用rare bird。根据题干，本句应用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在产生的影响。分析句子结构和汉语题干，本句的谓语为“吸引”，包括为介词including。故本句可译为：Due to the increasing improvement of the ecological environment, the wetlands in this area have attracted more and more birds to spend winter here, including some rare birds.
10．The Christmas concert started with a piece of classical music familiar to people in their fifties.

【详解】考查时态。事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，the Christmas concert (圣诞音乐会)，start with (以……开始)，a piece of classical music (一段经典音乐)，形容词短语familiar to sb. (为某人所熟悉)作后置定语修饰名词短语classical music，介词短语in their fifties (五十岁左右)作后置定语修饰名词people，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：The Christmas concert started with a piece of classical music familiar to people in their fifties.
11．This cafe reminds me of the teahouses in the 1950s and 1960s.
【详解】考查句子结构及动词用法。表示“这家咖啡馆”使用名词短语this cafe在句中做主语；表示“让某人想起...”使用动词短语remind somebody of something，在句中作谓语，陈述现状应使用一般现在时单数形式；代词宾格me作宾语；表示“二十世纪五六十年代的茶馆”，使用名词teahouses作介词of的宾语，使用“in the 1950s and 1960s”作后置定语。故翻译为This cafe reminds me of the teahouses in the 1950s and 1960s.
12．The coach is not only strict with the children, but also spares no effort to protect their love for football.
【详解】考查固定句型和短语。此处主语为coach；表示“不仅……而且……”应用not only…but also…；表示“对孩子们严格”短语为be strict with the children；表示“不遗余力地”短语为spares no effort to；表示“呵护着他们对足球的热爱”翻译为protect their love for football。为一般现在时。故翻译为The coach is not only strict with the children, but also spares no effort to protect their love for football.
13．Fifty years ago, this area was a beach rarely visited by tourists, forming a sharp contrast to the present scene of so many tourists.
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词和时态。表示“50年前”短语为fifty years ago；表示“这里”用this area，作主语；表示“人迹罕至的海滩”翻译为a beach rarely visited by tourists，其中visited by tourists为过去分词作后置定语；表示“与今天的游人如织迥然不同”用现在分词短语forming a sharp contrast to the present scene of so many tourists，作状语，句子为一般过去时。故翻译为Fifty years ago, this area was a beach rarely visited by tourists, forming a sharp contrast to the present scene of so many tourists.
14．The biggest challenge may lie in how to rebuild employees’ confidence in the company.
【详解】考查固定短语和固定结构。表示“最大挑战”短语为The biggest challenge；表示“在于”短语为lie in，may后跟动词原形；表示“如何重塑员工对公司的信心”应用“疑问词+不定式”结构，短语为how to rebuild employees’ confidence in the company。故翻译为The biggest challenge may lie in how to rebuild employees’ confidence in the company.
15．Whatever measures we have taken to eliminate the negative effect, it won’t help./Whatever measures we have taken to eliminate the negative effect, it doesn’t help.
【详解】考查让步状语从句、固定短语和时态。根据汉语和英文提示“Whatever”可知，句子为复合句，用Whatever引导让步状语从句，从句描述过去的行为，且对现在有影响，用现在完成时，主句可用一般将来时或一般现在时。从句中we是主语，“采取措施”为谓语，可用动词短语take measures表达，“来消除这个负面影响”为目的状语，用不定式的形式，“消除”用动词eliminate，“这个负面影响”用名词短语the negative effect，measures需移到whatever后面。主句中用代词it充当主语，“于事无补”是谓语，可用动词not help表达，一般将来时的情况下用won’t help，一般现在时的情况下用doesn’t help。故可翻译为Whatever measures we have taken to eliminate the negative effect, it won’t/doesn’t help.
16．It is reported that the performance of Beijing Opera has won a lot of applause and praise overseas and the organizer has successfully seize the chance to spread Chinese culture.
【详解】考查动词、短语和固定句式。表示“赢得了许多掌声和好评”应用动词短语win a lot of applause and praise；表示“这场京剧演出”短语为the performance of Beijing Opera；作动词的宾语；表示“抓住机会”短语为seize the chance；表示“传播中国文化”应用动词短语spread Chinese culture；表示“据报道”应使用it充当形式主语的固定句式结构It is reported that…；根据句意可知，that引导的真正主语从句应使用现在完成时。故翻译为It is reported that the performance of Beijing Opera has won a lot of applause and praise overseas and the organizer has successfully seize the chance to spread Chinese culture.
17．His excellent academic records and work experience in the past give/have given him a psychological advantage over other candidates in the interview.

【详解】考查名词短语、动词短语和时态。根据汉语可知，句子可用一般现在时，描述现在的事实，或用现在完成时，强调对现在的影响。根据提示“advantage”可知，句子主干可表述为sth. gives/has given A an advantage over B。句子的主语为“他过去优异的学业成绩和工作经历”，可用名词短语his excellent academic records and work experience in the past，是复数，谓语动词give保持原形或用have given，give的间接宾语是“他”，即him，advantage前面有定语“心理（的）”，可用形容词psychological，over的宾语是“其他候选人”，可用名词短语other candidates，状语为“在面试时”，可用介词短语in the interview。故可翻译为His excellent academic records and work experience in the past give/have given him a psychological advantage over other candidates in the interview.。
18．This latest incident will add to more pressure on the media.
【详解】考查动词时态。分析所给中文提示词，主语是“最近的这起事件”译为“this latest incident”，“增加”作谓语，根据题干要求用add，此处用固定搭配：add to意为“增加”，根据句意，应该用一般将来时，译为“will add”，“更多的压力”作宾语，译为“more pressure”，“给媒体”作状语，译为“on the media”。故译为：This latest incident will add to more pressure on the media.
19．Despite the increasingly rapid development of technology, some new inventions don’t apply to everyone.
【详解】考查介词、名词和动词。“尽管”的英文为“despite加名词短语”, “科技的发展”的英文为“the development of technology”,“日新月异”的英文为“increasingly rapid”,“新发明”的英文为“new inventions”，“适应”的英文为“apply to”，表示当前的现状用一般现在时，故填Despite the increasingly rapid development of technology, some new inventions don’t apply to everyone.
20．When the children kidnapped by the terrorists returned home safe and sound, we all breathed a sigh of relief.
【详解】考查状语从句、非谓语动词和固定短语。根据汉语可知，句子时态为一般过去时，可分为两个部分，“被恐怖分子绑架的儿童安然无恙地回到家里”作为状语从句，“我们都松了一口气”作主句。状语从句可用when引导，主语“儿童”可表达为the children，“被恐怖分子绑架的”可用过去分词形式作children的后置定语，“绑架”可用kidnapped，“被恐怖分子”可用by the terrorists，谓语“回到家里”可用return home，状语“安然无恙地”可用固定短语safe and sound。主句中主语“我们”为we，“都”为all，结合提示relief谓语“松了一口气”可用固定短语breathe a sigh of relief。故可翻译为When the children kidnapped by the terrorists returned home safe and sound, we all breathed a sigh of relief.
21．The negative impacts of climate change have gained global attention and are difficult to address.
【详解】考查形容词、名词和动词。表示“负面的”应用形容词negative；表示“影响”应用名词impact；表示“引起全球的关注”短语为gain global attention；表示“解决”应用动词address；表示“某事难以做”句型sth. be difficult to do。表示“引起了全球的关注”应用现在完成时态，“这些影响难以解决”应用一般现在时态。故翻译为：The negative impacts of climate change have gained global attention and are difficult to address.
22．Many domestic and foreign enterprises suffered heavy losses during the epidemic, struggling to make ends meet.
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，介词，短语和时态。表示“很多”应用形容词many；表示“国内和国外的”应用形容词短语domestic and foreign；表示“企业”应用名词enterprise的复数，表示泛指；表示“在疫情期间”应用介词短语during the epidemic；表示“遭受重创”应用动词短语suffer heavy losses；表示“努力”应用动词struggle；表示“维持生计”应用动词短语make ends meet；分析句子结构和意思可知，“举步维艰努力维持生计”是“很多国内和国外的企业在疫情期间遭受重创”伴随的结果，用现在分词形式，表示自然而然的结果。这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故翻译为Many domestic and foreign enterprises suffered heavy losses during the epidemic, struggling to make ends meet.
23．Finding actors acceptable to film audiences sometimes can mean the difference between success and failure.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“到电影观众所接受的演员”翻译为Finding actors acceptable to film audiences，为find+宾语+宾补结构，作主语应用动名词形式；表示“有时候”应用副词sometimes；表示“决定着电影的成败”翻译为mean the difference between success and failure，can后跟动词原形。故翻译为Finding actors acceptable to film audiences sometimes can mean the difference between success and failure.
24．It is widely believed that people with high EQ are open to new ideas and have a positive outlook on life.
【详解】考查主语从句。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时。表示“人们普遍认为”应用it is widely believed that…，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句；表示“情商高的人”应用people with high EQ；表示“易接受”应用be open to，主语为复数，be动词用are；表示“新思想”应用new ideas；表示“对待生活积极乐观”应用have a positive outlook on life，此处have用原形，be open to和have为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故翻译成：It is widely believed that people with high EQ are open to new ideas and have a positive outlook on life.
25．Now it is common to see advertisements using pictures and words of experts to show people how great the products are.
【详解】考查非谓语动词、固定句型和宾语从句。陈述现在的事实，句子用一般现在时，根据所给中文提示，“做某事是很常见的”应该用固定句型：it is common to do sth.，“广告”译为“advertisements”，“用”应是use，本句已有谓语动词，所以应该用非谓语形式，和advertisements是主动关系，用现在分词形式，作宾语补足语，“专家的图片、文字”译为“pictures and words of experts”，“向人们展示”，也需用非谓语形式，此处表目的，用不定式形式，译为“to show people”，“产品有多棒”作show的宾语，应该用宾语从句，根据句意，此处是感叹句，用感叹句句型：how+adj.+主语+谓语，译为“how great the products are”。故译为：Now it is common to see advertisements using pictures and words of experts to show people how great the products are.
26．The janitor found him lying in bed with pain. His shoes and clothing were wet through and icy cold.
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。主语为janitor；表示“发现他痛苦地躺在床上”应用find+宾语+宾补结构，him与lie为主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补，故用find him lying in bed with pain；后一句主语为shoes and clothing；表示“湿透了，冰凉冰凉的”翻译为be wet through and icy cold，应用一般过去时。故翻译为The janitor found him lying in bed with pain. His shoes and clothing were wet through and icy cold.
27．You can be prepared for future developments and changes before you are thrown out of a career.
【详解】考查时间状语从句、情态动词、动词短语。分析句子结构，这是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句，“在你被职业抛弃之前”处理为时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”含义的连词为before；表示“被……抛弃”含义的短语为be thrown out of；“你可以为未来的发展和变化做好准备”为主句，表示“职业”含义的词为career；表示“为……做准备”含义的短语为be prepared for；表示“未来的发展和变化”含义的表达为future developments and changes。句子陈述客观情况，用一般现在时。故翻译为You can be prepared for future developments and changes before you are thrown out of a career.
28．That homeless dog was exhausted and had nowhere to sleep.
【详解】考查形容词和副词。根据句意可知，该句描述的为过去的情况，所以应使用一般过去时态，分析句子结构，前半句应为“主语+系动词+表语”结构，表示“那只流浪狗”应为that homeless dog作主语，位于句首，that的首字母需大写，谓语动词为系动词be，主语是单数，且为过去时，所以使用was，表示“疲惫不堪”应为exhausted作表语，所以前半句译为That homeless dog was exhausted；后半句与前半句为共同主语，谓语动词为“有”应为had，表示“没有地方”为nowhere，表示“睡觉”应为不定式修饰nowhere，所以应为to sleep，所以后半句译为had nowhere to sleep，前后两句为并列句，所以使用and连接。故翻译为That homeless dog was exhausted and had nowhere to sleep.。
29．I had been reading the book before someone knocked at the door.
【详解】考查时态，状语从句和固定短语。“在……之前”用before，引导时间状语从句，时态用一般过去时，“有人”是someone，“敲门”是knock at the door，“我一直在看书”用过去完成进行时had been doing，表示在过去某时刻之前开始的动作或状态，一直持续到过去那个时刻为止。“看书”是read the book。故答案为I had been reading the book before someone knocked at the door.
30．The water appeared still from a distance.
【详解】考查形容词。根据句意可知，该句描述的是过去的客观情况，应使用一般过去时，分析句子结构，该句应为“主语+系动词+表语”结构，表示“水”应为the water作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写；结合语境可知，该句中的“是”准确表达应为“好像是”为appear，表主动，应为appeared；表示“静止的”应为still作表语；表示“从远处”应为from a distance作状语。故翻译为The water appeared still from a distance.。
31．He is fond of writing poems and is selected as a member of the literary club.
【详解】考查固定短语和名词短语。表示“他”应用代词he，作主语；表示“喜欢”应用固定短语be fond of，结合句意应用一般现在时is fond of ，作谓语；表示“写诗”应用动名词形式writing poems作of 的宾语；表示“并且”应用连词and；表示“入选”应用动词短语 be selected as，根据句意应用一般现在时is selected as，作谓语；表示“成为俱乐部成员”应用名词短语a member of the literary club，作宾语。故翻译为：He is fond of writing poems and is selected as a member of the literary club。
32．Calm yourself down, and there is no need to feel upset about it.
【详解】考查祈使句、there be句型和固定短语。根据汉语可知，句子分为两个部分，用连词and连接。根据提示“calm… down”可知，“让你自己平静下来”可表达为calm yourself down，是祈使句，表示建议。“没有必要为此事心烦”可用there be句型，且在讨论现在的一般性的情况，用一般现在时，“没有必要”可表达为there is no need to do sth.，“为……心烦”可表达为固定短语feel upset about…，“此事”可用代词it指代。故可翻译为Calm yourself down, and there is no need to feel upset about it.。
33．The water of the lake appeared still from a distance.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“湖水”翻译为The water of the lake，作主语；此处为主系表，表示“静止的”应用appear still，形容词作表语；表示“从远处看”短语为from a distance，为一般过去时。故翻译为The water of the lake appeared still from a distance.
34．Don’t be nervous! Keep/Stay/Remain calm even when you are in the face of danger.
【详解】考查形容词，祈使句及时间状语从句 。别紧张！应使用否定形式的祈使句“Don’t be nervous!”；保持冷静为祈使句“ Keep/Stay/Remain calm ”；当面临危险时使用时间状语从句“when you are in the face of danger.”主句为祈使句，从句通常使用一般现在时，故翻译为Don’t be nervous! Keep/Stay/Remain calm even when you are in the face of danger.
35．It is ten years since I graduated from this school.
【详解】考查固定句型，时态和固定短语。“做某事已经多久”用固定句型It is+时间段+since...，“十年”是ten years，“从……毕业”是固定短语graduate from，since引导的从句中时态用一般过去时，“这所学校”是this school，因此句子翻译为“It is ten years since I graduated from this school”。故答案为It is ten years since I graduated from this school.
36．He received part of his education in England.
【详解】考查时态、固定短语、动词和名词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“He”作主语，表示“他”，句首单词首字母大写，“receive”意为“接受”，过去式为“received”，作谓语，“part of”意为“一部分”，“part of his education”表示“他的一部分教育”，作宾语，“in England”表示“在英国”，作地点状语。故翻译为He received part of his education in England.
37．It’s no use arguing with her.
【详解】考查时态、固定句型和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句中涉及固定句型“It is no use doing sth.”，意为“做某事是没有用的”，句首单词首字母大写，“argue with sb.”意为“与某人争论”，“argue”的现在分词为“arguing”，“her”表示“她”，作宾语，“arguing with her”意为“与她争论”。故翻译为It’s no use arguing with her.
38．People believe that putting the word “fu” upside down will bring good luck.
【详解】考查时态、宾语从句、非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子应用宾语从句，主句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“People”表示“人们”，为集合名词，作主语，句首单词首字母大写，“believe”意为“相信”，作谓语，后接“that”引导的从句，“upside down”意为“颠倒地，倒转”，“putting the word “fu” upside down”表示“将“福”字倒着贴”，为动名词短语作主语，从句陈述的是将要发生的事，应用一般将来时，“will bring good luck”表示“福气就会到来”，“putting the word “fu” upside down will bring good luck”表示“将“福”字倒着贴，福气就会到来”。故翻译为People believe that putting the word “fu” upside down will bring good luck.
39．It is a Chinese tradition for the bride and bridegroom to toast to the guests.
【详解】考查时态、固定短语、非谓语动词和it作形式主语。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“It is a Chinese tradition for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是一个中国的传统”，句中“It”作形式主语，句首单词首字母大写，后面的不定式短语作真正的主语，“the bride and bridegroom”表示“新郎和新娘”，“toast to sb.”意为“给某人敬酒”，“the guests”表示“客人们”，“toast to the guests”表示“给客人们敬酒”。故翻译为It is a Chinese tradition for the bride and bridegroom to toast to the guests.
40．I like to eat moon cakes made with bean paste on the Mid­-Autumn Festival.
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。主语为I；表示“喜欢……”短语为like to do sth.；表示“豆沙馅的月饼”翻译为moon cakes made with bean paste，made是过去分词作定语；表示“在中秋节”短语为on the Mid­-Autumn Festival。为一般现在时。故翻译为I like to eat moon cakes made with bean paste on the Mid-­Autumn Festival.
41．Health experts are increasingly concerned (that) overusing cellphones may bring potential damage to our mental and physical health.
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“健康专家”短语为health experts；表示“越来越担心”句型为be increasingly concerned (that)；表示“过度使用手机”短语为overusing cellphones；表示“给我们带来潜在的身心危害”短语为bring potential damage to our mental and physical health，且may后跟动词原形。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Health experts are increasingly concerned (that) overusing cellphones may bring potential damage to our mental and physical health.
42．Ecotourism is gaining growing popularity among travelers/tourists of all/different ages.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“生态旅游”应用ecotourism，作主语；表示“受到……青睐”短语为gain growing popularity among；表示“不同年龄层游客”翻译为travelers/tourists of all/different ages。表示正在进行用现在进行时。故翻译为Ecotourism is gaining growing popularity among travelers/tourists of all/different ages.
43．It is generally believed that entering adulthood means taking on more responsibilities, embracing multiculturism, and more importantly, being independent of parents.
【详解】考查时态、主语从句和短语。此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“认为”用动词believe表达；“普遍”用副词generally表达；句意及句子结构分析可知，此句可用句型“It is generally believed that从句”表达，it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正主语；“成年”用动词短语enter adulthood表达，在从句中作主语，用动名词形式entering adulthood；“意味着”用动词mean表达；“承担更多的责任”用动词短语take on more responsibilities表达；“接受多元文化”用动词短语embrace multiculturism表达；“不再依赖父母”用短语be independent of parents表达；“更重要的是”用短语more importantly表达；“承担更多的责任，接受多元文化，更重要的是，不再依赖父母”作“意味着”（mean）的宾语，应用动名词形式，“成年意味着承担更多的责任，接受多元文化，更重要的是，不再依赖父母”翻译为entering adulthood means taking on more responsibilities, embracing multiculturism, and more importantly, being independent of parents；故此句可翻译为：It is generally believed that entering adulthood means taking on more responsibilities, embracing multiculturism, and more importantly, being independent of parents.
44．Attention, please! I have something important to announce.
【详解】考查名词、动词和不定代词。表示“注意”可直接用名词attention用作祈使句；表示“重要的事”短语为something important，作动词have的宾语；表示“宣布”应用动词announce，此处应用动词不定式作定语修饰something important。故翻译为：Attention, please! I have something important to announce.
45．A lecture on global climate by Professor Li from Beijing Universityis going to be given in ourschool this weekend morning.
【详解】考查时态和短语。根据句意用一般将来时，be going to 表示按照计划要发生的事情，符合句意，主语a  lecture“一次演讲”，on“关于”，“全球气候”译为global climate，“北京大学的李教授”译为Professor Li from Beijing University，give a lecture“做演讲”，谓语用give，与主语lecture是被动关系，用被动语态，“本周末上午”译为this Weekend morning，“在我们学校”译为in our school，注意主谓一致。故译为A lecture on global climate by Professor Li from Beijing Universityis going to be given in ourschool this weekend morning.
46．I'm looking forward to your participation.
【详解】考查动词短语和名词。表示“期待”应用动词短语look forward to；表示“参与”应用名词participation，作动词短语look forward to的宾语。look forward to常用现在进行时态。故翻译为：I'm looking forward to your participation.
47．Attention please, everyone, I would like to announce a notice.
【详解】考查习惯用语、短语、动词和名词。根据题干，本句可翻译为一个简单句，且为肯定句。“请大家注意”可用“Attention please, everyone”表示，为习惯用语，用于吸引别人的注意；“要”可译为would like to do；“宣布”可译为announce；“通知”可译为notice。故本句可翻译为：Attention please, everyone, I would like to announce a notice.
48．Be sure to arrive on time and don’t be late.
【详解】考查祈使句和短语。根据题干可知，本句可译为and连接的两个并列祈使句，肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，否定祈使句以don’t开头。“务必”可译为be sure to do；“准时到达”可译为arrive on time；“迟到”可译为be late。故翻译为Be sure to arrive on time and don’t be late.
49．The full moon on Mid-Autumn Festival is considered to represent family reunion, and families will come back even if they live far away.
【详解】考查时态、短语和从句。句子陈述客观事实，基础时态为一般现在时；“中秋节的满月被认为是代表着家庭的团聚，家人们要回来”处理为and连接的并列句；主语“满月”表达为full moon，后置定语“在中秋节”表达为on Mid-Autumn Festival，谓语“被认为是……”表达为be considered to be，“代表”表达为represent，宾语“家庭团聚”表达为family reunion，分句谓语动词“回来”表达为come back；“即使住得很远”处理为even if引导的让步状语从句，谓语“住”表达为live，状语“很远”表达为far away。综上，故翻译为The full moon on Mid-Autumn Festival is considered to represent family reunion, and families will come back even if they live far away.
50．Studies show that exercise improves certain brain functions, which means you can improve your academic performance by exercising.
【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。分析句子可知，“研究表明……”是主句，主语“研究”用复数名词studies ，谓语动词“表明”用show，描述现在的情况，用一般现在时态；“锻炼改善某些大脑功能，这意味着你可以通过锻炼来提高自己的学业表现”是宾语从句，用连词that引导该从句；其中“锻炼改善某些大脑功能”是宾语从句中主句，主语“锻炼”用名词exercise，谓语“改善”用动词improve，主语是不可数名词，谓语用一般现在时单数形式improves，宾语“某些大脑功能”用certain brain functions表示；“这意味着你可以通过锻炼来提高自己的学业表现”处理为定语从句中，修饰前面整个句子，“锻炼改善某些大脑功能”这一情况在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该定语从句，作主语，从句谓语“意味着”用动词单数形式means，宾语“你可以通过锻炼来提高自己的学业表现”处理为宾语从句，其中谓语动词“提高”用improve，宾语“学业表现”用your academic performance是，方式状语“通过锻炼”用介词短语by exercising。综上，全句译为：Studies show that exercise improves certain brain functions, which means you can improve your academic performance by exercising.
51．Owing to the effective prevention, no more people are infected with the infectious virus.
【详解】考查时态和短语。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“由于有效的预防”处理为原因状语，“由于”可表达为owing to，“有效的预防”表达为the effective prevention；“再也没有人感染这种传染性病毒了”为句子主干部分，“再也没有更多人”表达为no more people，“感染上……”表达为be infected with，作谓语，主语是复数，be用are；“这种传染性病毒”表达为the infectious virus。综上，故翻译为Owing to the effective prevention, no more people are infected with the infectious virus.
52． I owe my great progress in English learning to your reasonable advice. I owe it to your reasonable advice that I have made great progress in English learning.
【详解】考查名词、短语、it作形式宾语及时态。句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时；“把……归功于”译为owe...to，“在英语学习方面取得的巨大进步”译为my great progress in English learning，“您的合理建议”译为your reasonable advice，该句也可以用it作形式宾语（真正的宾语是that从句），owe it to sb/sth that把……归功于某人/物，故翻译为①I owe my great progress in English learning to your reasonable advice.②I owe it to your reasonable advice that I have made great progress in English learning.

53．It is reported that as a result of the appearance of smartphones the number of people who read magazines is on the decrease.
【详解】考查从句及动词时态。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时；根据句意可知，此处使用固定句型It is reported that“据报道”，句子陈述的事情，“由于”译为as a result of，“智能手机的问世”译为the appearance of smartphones，“……的人数”译为the number of people，“看杂志的”可使用who引导的限定性定语从句，译为who read magazines，“在减少”译为be on the decrease。故翻译为It is reported that as a result of the appearance of smartphones the number of people who read magazines is on the decrease.

54．The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and that’s where I come in—with my dogs.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和表语从句。表示“下一步”短语为the next step；表示“清除最后残存的入侵物种”短语为remove the last remaining invading species，不定式作表语说明主语的内容；and连接并列句，where引导表语从句，主语为I；表示“动作”此处翻译为come in；表示“和我的狗一起”短语为with my dog；为一般现在时。故翻译为The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and that’s where I come in—with my dogs.
55．Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species, the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries.
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。根据句意及题目要求可知，此处使用although引导的让步状语从句，“虽然在中国的其他地区，由于外来物种入侵，这种蜜蜂濒临灭绝”，句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时，译为although the bees are endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species，主句“但是神农架的这种蜜蜂和当地的人们已经共存了几个世纪”，句子陈述过去的动作或状态持续到现在，可能持续发生下去，应用现在完成时，译为the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries，当让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词，本句中的让步状语从句可以省略the bees are。故翻译为Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species, the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries.

56．Last year witnessed a distinct decrease in turnover of this company.
【详解】考查时态和短语。“去年”翻译为Last year，在句中作主语。谓语动词用witness，表示拟人的用法时，它的主语通常是表时间或地点的词，意为某个时间或某个地方发生了某事。“下降”用短语decrease in；“这家公司的营业额”翻译为turnover of this company。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为Last year witnessed a distinct decrease in turnover of this company.
57．Thanks to the government’s intervention, the number of the patients has decreased to three hundred.
【详解】考查固定短语及动词时态。“多亏”译为thanks to，“政府的干预”译为the government’s intervention，“患者数量”译为the number of the patients，“减少到”译为decrease to，句子陈述对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，the number作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式，“300人”译为three hundred。故翻译为Thanks to the government’s intervention, the number of the patients has decreased to three hundred.

58．It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus, and their numbers exploded once again.
【详解】考查固定句型，时态。“最终”译为固定句型it turn out that，其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语；“产生”译为develop；“对……免疫”译为an immunity to sth.；“病毒”译为the virus；“数量”译为their numbers，为可数名词，故用复数；“激增”译为explode；“又一次”译为once again。根据句意可知，本句为对过去事实的描述，故用一般过去时。前后句为顺承关系，故用and连接两个分句。故翻译为It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus, and their numbers exploded once again.
59．Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
【详解】考查倒装、宾语从句、动词、名词、固定搭配和时态。根据句意，“他们也不难想象出”可以翻译为Nor would they fail to imagine...，否定副词nor位于句首，所以句子用部分倒装；动词imagine后应该用一个宾语从句；表语从句缺少方式状语，连接词为how，“当地动物”翻译为native inhabitants；“与……完美地和谐共存”翻译为exist in perfect harmony with；“自然栖息地”翻译为atural habitat；“数千年来”翻译为for thousands of years；根据句意可知，该句子应该用过去时。故翻译为Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
60．This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；本句可用固定句型make it clear that...“表明……”表达，it是形式宾语，that引导宾语从句；从句主语“大鼠、老鼠和兔子泛滥的问题”表达为the rat, mouse and rabbit problem，“需要被……”表达为need doing（主动表被动），“一劳永逸”即“彻底地”表达为once and for all。综上，故翻译为This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
61．Seemingly stubborn, weak and incompetent, Priest Tang played an important role in keeping the team united and bringing out people’s kindness and humanity.
【详解】考查一般过去时、固定短语和非谓语动词。“看似固执、软弱、无能”的英文表达是seemingly stubborn, weak and incompetent，形容词短语作状语；“发挥了重要作用”的英文表达是play an important role in；“保持团队团结”的英文表达是keep the team united，“展示人们的善良和人性”的英文表达是bring out people’s kindness and humanity；介词后面用动名词作宾语；该句在描述过去发生的事请，句子用一般过去时。故答案为Seemingly stubborn, weak and incompetent, Priest Tang played an important role in keeping the team united and bringing out people’s kindness and humanity.
62．Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
【详解】考查动词短语、动词、固定句型、名词短语和介词短语。根据句意可知，表示“由某人决定做某事”应为句型it is up to sb to do sth；表示“活着的人”为固定短语the living；表示“消除”为动词remove；表示“不仅……而且……”应为固定句型not only…but (also)…；表示“南北之间的分裂”为名词短语the divisions between North and South；表示“黑人和白人之间的界限”应为名词短语the boundaries between black and white；表示“一步一步地努力”应为动词短语work step by step；表示“朝着人类平等的方向”应为介词短语towards the equality of humankind；结合句意可知，该句应为一般过去时。故翻译为：Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind。
63．On the contrary, it’s about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world, so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
【详解】考查形容词、短语、非谓语动词和状语从句。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“相反”用短语on the contrary表达；关于用介词about表达；“国家和人民”用名词短语countries and people表达；“共同努力”用动词短语make a joint effort表达；“共同创造一个更加包容和谐的世界”表达为come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world；“享受互利”表达为enjoy the mutual benefits，“这样我们都可以享受互利”用从句so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits表达；故此句翻译为：On the contrary, it’s about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world, so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
64．The competition is intended to highlight the students’ practical cooking skills, assist students in getting into healthy eating habits and enrich their school life as well.
【详解】考查动词及短语。比赛翻译为“the competition”，句首首字母大写，固定短语be intended to do表示“旨在，目的”学生的实际烹饪技能翻译为“the students’ practical cooking skills”，突出翻译为“highlight”，固定短语assist (sb) in doing sth表示“帮助某人做某事”， 养成健康的饮食习惯译为“get into healthy eating habits”， 丰富他们的学校生活翻译为“enrich their school life”，根据句意可知为一般现在时态。故翻译为The competition is intended to highlight the students’ practical cooking skills, assist students in getting into healthy eating habits and enrich their school life as well。
65．The report was critical of the department’s waste of resources.
【详解】考查时态、动词短语、名词短语。分析句子结构，因句子表达的是过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时。表示“报告”含义的词为：report；表示“批评”的动词短语为：be critical of；表示“部门”含义的词为：department；表示“浪费”含义的词为：waste；表示“资源”含义的词为：resource。故翻译为：The report was critical of the department’s waste of resources.
66．What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot.
【详解】考查主语从句、时态。分析句子结构，这是一个包含主语从句和表语从句的复合句，因连接词在主语从句做主语且指表语从句的内容，使用what连接主语从句。因句子表达的是过去发生的动作，主语从句与主句的谓语动词应使用一般过去时。根据句意，表语从句指的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时。表示“使人印象深刻”含义的动词短语为：strike sb；表示“遭受痛苦”含义的词为：suffer；表示“很多”含义的词为：a lot；故翻译为：What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot.
67．It has been calculated that at least 470 jobs were lost last year.
【详解】考查固定句型、动词、名词、时态和语态。根据汉语提示，“据估算”可以用固定句型It is calculated that表示，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句；“至少”翻译为at least；“失去工作”翻译为lose jobs；“去年”翻译为last year。根据句意可知，主句可以用现在完成时，that从句用一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为It has been calculated that at least 470 jobs were lost last year.
68．He makes a very positive contribution to the success of the project.
【详解】考查时态、动词短语。分析句子结构，因句子表达的是一个客观情况，应使用一般现在时，因主语是单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式。表示“对……有贡献”含义的动词短语为：make a contribution to；表示“良多”含义的表达为：very positive；表示“成功”含义的词为：success；表示“项目”含义的词为：project；故翻译为：He makes a very positive contribution to the success of the project.
69．Provided you don’t/didn’t try to make sense of it, it sounds/sounded beautiful.
【详解】考查非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致和固定短语。分析句意可知，句子可表示现在的事情，时态用一般现在时，也可表示过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“只要”是provided，后接条件状语从句，“试图做某事”是try to do，用don’t/didn’t表否定，“理解”是make sense of，用it作宾语，“听起来”是sounds/sounded，“美的”是beautiful，因此整句话翻译为“Provided you don’t/didn’t try to make sense of it, it sounds/sounded beautiful”。故答案为Provided you don’t/didn’t try to make sense of it, it sounds/sounded beautiful.
70．It was the question that had fascinated him since he was a boy.
【详解】考查强调句、名词、动词、时间状语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子提示的句型可知，本句使用了强调句式：It is/was...that...，被强调部分为句子的主语，表示“问题”为名词the question，在that从句中，表示“让某人着迷，吸引某人”为动词短语fascinate him，根据时间状语从句为since he was a boy“自从他是一个孩子的时候”可知，谓语动词fascinate应为过去完成时。故翻译为：It was the question that had fascinated him since he was a boy。