真题重组卷02——2023年高考英语真题汇编重组卷（北京卷）

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冲刺2023年高考英语真题重组卷02

北京地区专用（解析版）

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分  知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

（2021·北京·高考真题）Recently，I took a trip home by train．I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept____1____a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap．The woman's eye fell on the man's face，and she immediately looked down and____2____her scarf．

As the night wore on，people began to close their eyes，but the seats were so uncomfortable that only a very heavy sleeper could manage to get any____3____．The woman looked over at the man．He was still staring at her．She looked back at him with fire in her eyes．I was beginning to get____4____，too．

The train moved on．The little boy was ____5____ awake on his mother's lap，but the woman dropped off to sleep．A moment later，he began to____6____the half-open window—one leg went over it．The man jumped up and ____7____the child just before he fell out．

The____8____ woke up the woman．She seemed to be in____9____，and then reality dawned （显现）．“Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window，”the man said as he gave the child back to her. ．“So I have been watching the whole time．”The woman was _____10_____，and so was I．

1．A．guiding B．bothering C．watching D．monitoring

2．A．adjusted B．changed C．packed D．waved

3．A．air B．joy C．space D．rest

4．A．nervous B．embarrassed C．angry D．disappointed

5．A．almost B．still C．hardly D．even

6．A．drag B．climb C．knock D．push

7．A．grabbed B．rocked C．touched D．picked

8．A．alarm B．quarrel C．risk D．noise

9．A．sorrow B．relief C．panic D．pain

10．A．astonished B．confused C．concerned D．inspired

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

（2022·北京·高考真题）Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____11____  (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____12____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ____13____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

（2021·北京·高考真题）Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day．While riding his bike home ____14____ a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself．The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived．Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home．

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

（2020·北京·高考真题）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___17___(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years___18___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart___19___countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of___20___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

（2022·北京·高考真题）Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school.

PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in.

PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.

You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback.

Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022.

Waiting lists

If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held.

When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future.

Deregistering

If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance.

You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at  passoffice@umbs. edu..

21．In PASS, students ________.

A．attend new lectures B．decide their own schedules

C．prepare problem sets in groups D．use their skills to solve problems

22．What can students do if a session is full?

A．Fill in the attendance sheet. B．Sign up for the waiting list.

C．Report their needs and feedback. D．Email the office their numbers on the list.

23．Students will be deregistered if ________.

A．they send emails in error B．they fail to work interactively

C．they give their places to others D．they miss two sessions in a row

B

（2021·北京·高考真题）I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．

Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child．

The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget．

In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．

24．How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？

A．It would affect his/her initial plans．

B．It would involve traveling overseas．

C．It would not bring him/her a good grade．

D．It would not live up to his/her expectations．

25．What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？

A．Images of Iraqi children． B．Research by his/her classmates．

C．A teacher's introduction． D．A representative's comments．

26．The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.

A．become OIC volunteers B．further their education

C．study in foreign countries D．influence other children

27．What can we conclude from this passage？

A．One's potential cannot always be underrated．

B．First impression cannot always be trusted．

C．Actions speak louder than words．

D．He who hesitates is lost．

C

（2022·北京·高考真题）“What would the world be if there were no hunger?” It’s a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students. They found it hard to answer, she wrote later, because imagining something that isn’t part of real life—and learning how to make it real—is a rare skill. It is taught to artists and engineers, but much less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The result—an approach known as systems thinking—is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges.

Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced, processed, delivered and consumed, and looking at how those things intersect (交叉 ) with human health, the environment, economics and society. According to systems thinking, changing the food system—or any other network—requires three things to happen. First, researchers need to identify all the players in that system; second, they must work out how they relate to each other; and third, they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on those outside the system.

Take nutrition. In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished (营养不良 )people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science. Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the occurrence of common diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals—and that the vast majority are not known. This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking - which,in this example, is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system.

A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. But as some researchers find, the food system is not an equal one. A good way to redress (修正 ) such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach.

More researchers, policymakers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. Crystal knew that visions alone don’t produce results, but concluded that “we’ll never produce results that we can’t envision”.

28．The author uses the question underlined in Paragraph 1 to ________.

A．illustrate an argument B．highlight an opinion

C．introduce the topic D．predict the ending

29．What can be inferred about the field of nutrition?

A．The first objective of systems thinking hasn’t been achieved.

B．The relationships among players have been clarified.

C．Machine learning can solve the nutrition problem.

D．The impact of nutrition cannot be quantified.

30．As for systems thinking, which would the author agree with?

A．It may be used to justify power imbalance.

B．It can be applied to tackle challenges.

C．It helps to prove why hunger exists.

D．It goes beyond human imagination.

D

（2020·北京·高考真题）Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change.

Some of today’s AI pioneers want to move on from today’s world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, today’s powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”

Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.”

Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced (强化) by many works of fiction — Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression (敌对行为). Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from AGI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.

The promise and danger of true AGI are great. But all of today’s excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world’s foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever.

31．What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean?

A．Enormous in quantity. B．Changeable daily.

C．Stable in quality. D．Present everywhere.

32．What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters?

A．Help to tackle problems. B．Make brains more active.

C．Benefit ambitious people. D．Set up powerful databases.

33．As for Irving Good’s opinion on ultra-intelligent machines, the author is ____________.

A．supportive B．disapproving

C．fearful D．uncertain

34．What can be inferred about AGI from the passage?

A．It may be only a dream.

B．It will come into being soon.

C．It will be controlled by humans.

D．It may be more dangerous than ever.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2021·北京·高考真题）Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people． ____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes．

____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，can lead to less pain．

Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels， through the lowering of stress and anxiety．

When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit．

____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable．

A．This feeling can also result in many other health problems．

B．Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．

C．This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．

D．They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．

E．The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．

F．It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．

G．Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．

第三部分  书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

（2022·北京·高考真题）Tom, a 15-year-old inventor and entrepreneur (创业者), witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids. He knew there had to be a better portable drink solution and decided to innovate from something he saw in his own home: fruit infused (浸泡) water.

Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. “I wanted to come up with a healthy, natural way for people to drink when on the go. A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,” Tom explains.

The bottle is made with a strainer (滤网) that allows the great tastes and natural sugars of the various fruits and vegetables you choose to come through the water, without any of the seeds or skins flowing through.

Tom is proud of his design and excited to be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in stores, but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks; and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation (OHG).

Tom has been awarded several prizes, but this teenage innovator remains humble. When asked what advice he’d give other entrepreneurial youth, he says, “Prepare and have your family’s support. It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows, and there is no such thing as overnight success.”

40．What did Tom witness at his own school?

41．Where did Tom get the idea for the original model for the Fun Bottle?

42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG.

43．Among Tom’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why?(In about 40 words)

第二节（20分）

44．（2018·北京·高考真题）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

(1) 表示欢迎；

(2) 推荐他上哪所大学；

(3) 建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：(1). 词数不少于100；

(2). 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua