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北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-02用单词的适当形式完成短文
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这是一份北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-02用单词的适当形式完成短文,共22页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文等内容,欢迎下载使用。
北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-02用单词的适当形式完成短文
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
(2023届北京市门头沟区高三综合练习(一)英语试卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Standing on the shore of a lake, I couldn’t help admiring the hundreds of small rock that____1____(surround) my shoes. All created from hard surfaces, the rocks soften over time. And I was wondering ____2____we could learn from a pile of rocks. Once was a sharp rock that was covered with pointy edges, and now I have found my attitude have softened and my desire to understand others ____3____(expand) with time.
(2023届北京市门头沟区高三综合练习(一)英语试卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Oil dominates every aspect____4____our life. It fuels our cars, and it is used in production of our plastic goods and the electricity for our homes and factories. Moreover, it can even____5____(find) in the fertilizer for the soil in which our food grows. Oil makes nations ____6____ (extreme) wealthy, while shortages of oil can bring economies to their knees. In short, this black and sticky substance has been running____7____(we) world.
(2023届北京市门头沟区高三综合练习(一)英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When we go outdoors in winter,cold wind gets through our clothes, ____8____(hit)our body parts fiercely. Then we may feel cold. How do we feel cold? Actually human skin is filled with temperature-sensing nerve receptors named TRPs,which receive stimuli (刺激) from the environment. ____9____(sense) the cold,the brain uses one of the receptors called TRPM8.When the TRPM8 is hit by stimuli,it will send an electric signal to the brain,___10___understands the signal as “cold”.
(2023届北京市平谷区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Elle Gianelli wanted to put a smile on the faces of the seniors who ____11____(live) in nursing homes. So she found a creative way to do that. Born out of her love for wearing silly socks on the golf course, Elle Gianelli launched Socks4Seniors, ____12____(raise) money via GoFundMe. When ____13____(ask) what the money was for, she explained it would be used to purchase bright, patterned socks and thoughtful notes for all seniors in assisted living facilities in the country.
(2023届北京市平谷区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Scientists in Australia have built a new battery using sodium-sulphur, a type of salt from sea water. The battery can store four times more energy than a standard lithium battery and would be cheap to make ____14____ sea salt is widely available. It is also better for the environment than other batteries, ____15____ use rare metals (such as lithium). Sea-salt batteries have been made before but this is easily the best model so far. The team will continue working on the idea before this kind of the batteries ____16____(go) on sale.
(2023届北京市平谷区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Now, at Hailang River in northeast China’s Heilongjiang Province, dozens of Chinese merganser ducks are preparing to migrate south. Chinese merganser duck is an ____17____(danger) species under class-one state protection. In recent years, the province has beefed up measures ____18____(restore) forests, wetlands and other ecosystems. China has established 49 nature reserves ____19____ a total area of 2,561, 300 hectares. Thanks to these efforts, the local population of Chinese mergansers ____20____(grow) from around a dozen to nearly100 over the past few years.
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I was seven years old, I caught a cold and had to stay at home. My parents had to work, so my neighbor came over to look after me. She read many different books to me ____21____ (patient), including adventures set in ancient times, travel stories, family dramas, historical novels, etc. To my joy, ____22____ (listen) to each book made me feel like watching a movie, but better because books gave much more details than movies. She started my interest in reading. Next year, after graduating from college, I ____23____ (have) a job teaching English. I hope that I can transfer the love of reading to my students.
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing Olympic Park, also ____24____ (know) as the Olympic Green, is located in Chaoyang District, Beijing, with a total land area of 11.59 square kilometers. The famous National Stadium or “Bird’s Nest” is the centerpiece of the park, ____25____ the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were hosted. The National Aquatics Center or “Water Cube” hosted the swimming, diving and synchronized swimming events. It was transformed ____26____ the “Ice Cube” for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games, and detachable curling tracks were built on the swimming pool to host curling events.
(2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
World Environment Day (WED) is a day we all need to put in our ____27____ (diary). It happens on June 5 every year and should be one of the most important days of the holiday calendar. WED ____28____ (create) in 1972 by the United Nations General Assembly. The environment wasn’t such a big issue back then. But it is one of the hottest topics in the world today. WED helps raise worldwide awareness of the threats to our environment. ____29____ people can do that day is to start changing lifestyles to reduce their carbon footprint. Many environmental agencies organize events based on different themes each year. These events encourage both governments and local communities to work together ____30____ (handle) environmental problems.
(2023届北京市东城区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On a particular sunny day, little Mykel was determined to learn to ride his bike without the help of training wheels. When the neighborhood kids ____31____ (spot) Mykel shakily controlling his bike, they raced over ____32____ (help). Some held the bike steady while others offered encouragement. Mykel was not alone as he tried to reach his goal of learning to ride his bike! Some things are ____33____ (easy) said than done. However, with a little help from friends, things go better!
(2023届北京市东城区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Renewable methods for ____34____ (produce) electricity, such as wind turbines and solar panels, can only provide power on the days ____35____ wind blows or the sun shines. Electric batteries ____36____ (use) to store energy are expensive and can also be polluting. Finnish scientists came up with a simple solution that puts unwanted green electricity to work, heating 100 tons of sand to around 500℃. The sand stays hot for months; when energy ____37____ (require), air can be pumped through it and heated up. The air in turn heats a system that supplies hot water to heat nearby houses.
(2023届北京市西城区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My name is Barbara and I work at a department store. I ____38____(work) there for one year when another Barbara joined the staff. Then I changed my name tag from “Barb” to “Barbie”. ____39____made me feel funny was how small kids talked about me. “Is she really Barbie?” they asked. I changed it at my other job, too and began answering the phone, “This is Barbie. How can I help you?” The callers have gotten used to that over time, ninety percent of ____40____now respond with my name: “Barbie, can you tell me.” Pronouncing that long “e” sound forces your mouth into a smile, but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily.
(2023届北京市西城区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
It’s said that for the Englishman, his house is his castle. However, this does not mean that his house is a beautiful palace that others ____41____ (invite) to see. For the British, the home is a place to protect oneself from the outside world. It’s a private place in which he goes to hide away ____42____ the troubles of life. To the American, the home is an expression of ____43____ (he). Much money is often spent on each and every room ____44____ (create) the right “feel” according to the person’s lifestyle. Therefore, he is happy to show his house to others.
(2023届北京市西城区高三一模英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Smoke jumpers are firefighters, trained to fight fires in places that fire engines can’t reach. They travel in small planes and, ____45____(use) a parachute, jump into remote wild areas to fight fires. Smoke jumpers have to respond quickly. While a fire is still small, the pilot ____46____(drop) team members into the area as needed. Their first job may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading. Water is sent down to them. Smoke jumpers must be ____47____(high) trained, very experienced and extremely fit. Their job is very dangerous.
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My son Zack suffered from autism (自闭症)when he was two. Watching a movie together was an important routine for us. On an ordinary spring day, we were enjoying one of his favorite movies that he ____48____ (see) many times before. I took his hand as usual. Suddenly he stood up and wrapped his arms around me in a big bear hug. You could imagine ____49____ excited I was. Although it was just a hug, it meant a lot to me, ____50____(fill) me with great joy.
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This year, the 13th Spring Festival Joint Exhibition of Chinese Books, ____51____ theme was “Reading China”, was held on January 24th in 85 bookstores worldwide. It ____52____(carry) out a variety of activities such as book exhibitions and cultural performances. Books displayed in the exhibition were philosophical and artistic, which closely met the needs of overseas readers. Overall, this year’s book exhibition presented the newest and ____53____(fine) Chinese publications to local readers so that they could better understand China in the new era.
(2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
ChatGPT is a new artificial intelligence technology ____54____(create) by Open AI. It enables machines to understand and respond to human conversations in a ____55____(nature) and conversational way. ChatGPT has shaken the tech world since it was opened for public use last year. While it certainly comes across as knowledgeable, it’s far ____56____ perfect. It cannot answer questions about things that have happened recently because it____57____(train) using data from 2021 and before.
(2023届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wang was born and grew up in America, but she____58____(build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is now riding a new trend: mixing and matching modern clothes with traditional Han dress, or hanfu. She has been posting videos of ____59____ (she) dressed in hanfu on the Internet, which has attracted many fans on Chinese lifestyle. “I love hanfu. I’ve made many videos,____60____(aim) to help more people learn about it,” Wang told Beijing Review.
(2023届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Engineers invented a new device to produce solar electricity at night. Solar panels transform sunlight into energy, so they____61____ (traditional) work only during daylight hours. This device, however ____62____(use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy,_____63_____is transformed into electricity. The device could be helpful in areas_____64_____ (locate) far from a power grid (电网).
(2023届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A study showed how much dogs love their owners. In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears____65____(produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners. The team then repeated the experiment, this time with dogs that were reunited with their owners____66____being apart for five hours. The results showed dogs only shed tears during the reunions. The team now wants to find out____67____dogs have a similar emotional response when reunited with other dogs.
(北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高三下学期一模英语质量检测)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I decided to volunteer for this year’s half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee ____68____ (visit) my school. For the previous weeks, I had been trained on ____69____ to be a volunteer for it.
The exciting race began, Cathy and I waited patiently until word spread that the first runners would be arriving soon, we ____70____ (quick) poured water into the cups for them. After the last runner passed, Cathy and I started clearing up. Tired and wet with sweat, we felt good.
(北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高三下学期一模英语质量检测)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
According to some food experts, it is hardest to give up the food you grow up with. Of course, each person’s comfort food largely depends on the place ____71____ they come — for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar, and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, ____72____ (serve) hot, salty and sour. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ____73____ (give) us the “taste of home” and relieving feelings of homesickness.
(北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高三下学期一模英语质量检测)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
During the opening ceremony of the 2022 FIFA World Cup, there was a surprise ____74____ (appear) by Hollywood actor Morgan Freeman.
The American superstar ____75____ (spot) with a young physically-challenged Qatari boy, Al Muftah. The boy was born with a rare condition known as CRS. It ____76____ (impact) the normal formation of the lower half of the body. But the determined young man refused to let his condition prevent his thirst ____77____ life and decided to take on a range of sports — tackling everything from rock climbing, football, ice hockey to swimming.
(2023届北京市石景山区高三统一练习英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nick was riding his bike along the Arching River when he noticed something ____78____ (usual) in the water. He took a closer look and saw a pair of fin-like things circling above the river’s surface. ____79____ (confuse) by what he had seen, Nick took a video and posted it on the Internet. Days later, some researchers confirmed that he ____80____ (spot) two dolphins— the first cetacean (鲸目动物) sighted in this river since 2017—and this suggested the efforts to restore the health of the river were paying off.
(2023届北京市石景山区高三统一练习英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
As products of nature, shells have developed a bond with people since the period of cavemen, ____81____ images in the cave paintings show them wearing shells. Today, in Fujian Province, experts are turning the natural gifts into shell-carved artworks by ____82____ (integrate) techniques from jade and wood carving, as well as traditional Chinese painting. In 2021, a shell carving art museum was established, where the craft’s history has been publicized. The experts hope they ____83____ (explore) new techniques in the future to carry this ancient craft forward.
(2023届北京市石景山区高三统一练习英语试卷)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since ChatGPT’s launch in November last year, it has become an immediate hit that is both entertaining and alarming ____84____ (it) users. Given a command or question, the chatbot is able to return convincing essays, simple recipes and even life advice in a matter of ____85____ (second). This impressive achievement ____86____ (obtain) by a large language model. Many are wondering ____87____ could be next for this technology and where the technology could end up.
参考答案:
1.surrounded 2.what 3.has expanded
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者站在湖岸边,看着鞋子周围的小石子,油然而生对生活的感悟。
1.考查时态。句意:站在湖岸上,我忍不住欣赏着鞋子周围的数百块小石头。分析句子结构,空白处在定语从句中作谓语,因句子表达的是一个过去的动作,应使用一般过去时,故填surrounded。
2.考查名词性从句。句意:我想知道我们能从一堆石头中学到什么。分析句子结构,这是一个包含宾语从句的复合句,因空白处在句子中做主语表示内容,使用what引导定语从句,故填what。
3.考查时态。句意:随着时间的推移,我发现自己的态度被软化了,理解他人的欲望也扩大了。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作谓语,因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,谓语动词使用现在完成时,故填has expanded。
4.of 5.be found 6.extremely 7.our
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了石油控制着我们生活的方方面面。
4.考查介词。句意:石油主宰着我们生活的方方面面。根据空白处上文“aspect (方面)”以及下文“our life (我们生活)”可知上下文之间为所属关系,故填of。
5.考查被动语态。句意:此外,它甚至可以在我们食物生长的土壤的肥料中找到。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作谓语,与主语之间为被动关系,应使用被动语态,因空白处前面有情态动词can,空白处只需填be+过去分词,故填be found。
6.考查副词。句意:石油使国家变得极其富有,而石油短缺会使经济陷入瘫痪。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作状语,使用副词,故填extremely。
7.考查代词。句意:简而言之,这种黑色粘稠的物质一直在统治着我们的世界。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作定语,应使用形容词性物主代词,故填our。
8.hitting 9.To sense 10.which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍我们是怎样感知到冷的。
8.考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意:当我们在冬天外出时,冷风穿过我们的衣服,猛烈地袭击我们的身体部位。此处句子主语cold wind和动词hit之间是主动关系,是现在分词作伴随状语。故填hitting。
9.考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:为了感知寒冷,大脑使用一种名为TRPM8的受体。此处是动词不定式作目的状语,且to的首字母大写。故填To sense。
10.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:当TRPM8受到刺激时,它会向大脑发送一个电信号,大脑将这个信号理解为“冷”。此处the brain作先行词,指物,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,定语从句由关系代词which引导。故填which。
11.lived/were living 12.raising 13.asked
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Elle Gianelli为了改善养老院老年人的生活做出的努力。
11.考查一般过去时或过去进行时。句意:Elle Gianelli想让住在养老院的老年人脸上露出笑容。根据“Elle Gianelli wanted to put a smile on the faces of the seniors”可知,此处应用一般过去时。也可以理解为正在住在养老院的状态,所以也可用过去进行时,主语who代指先行词seniors,为复数。故填lived/were living。
12.考查现在分词。句意:由于喜欢在高尔夫球场上穿傻傻的袜子,Elle Gianelli创立了Socks4Seniors,并通过GoFundMe网站筹集资金。动词raise意为“筹集”,和谓语之间没有连词,和主语Elle Gianelli构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词作状语。故填raising。
13.考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问及这笔钱的用途时,她解释说,这笔钱将用于为该国所有生活在辅助生活设施中的老年人购买明亮的图案袜子和贴心的便条。在when引导的时间状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语相同时,可以省略从句的主语和系动词。动词ask意为“询问”,和主语构成被动关系,所以应用过去分词形式。故填asked。
14.as/because 15.which 16.goes
【导语】这是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的科学家利用海水中的一种盐——硫酸钠制造了一种新的电池。文章主要介绍了这种电池的好处。
14.考查连词。句意:这种电池可以储存比标准锂电池多四倍的能量,而且由于海盐的广泛使用,制造成本较低。空处引导状语从句,表示原因,应用as/because引导原因状语从句,故填as/because。
15.考查定语从句。句意:它也比其他使用稀有金属(如锂)的电池更环保。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词other batteries,指物,且关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用which来引导,故填which。
16.考查时态。句意:在这种电池上市销售之前,这个团队将继续研究这个想法。此处在before引导的状语从句中作谓语,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主语this kind of the batteries,为单数,且和主语go是主动关系,应用go的第三人称单数形式,故填goes。
17.endangered 18.to restore 19.with 20.has grown
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国家一级保护濒危物种秋沙鸭的保护现状。
17.考查形容词。句意:秋沙鸭是国家一级保护的濒危物种。根据“under class-one state protection”可知,此处是指秋沙鸭是濒危物种,所以应用形容词endangered表示“濒危的”作定语。故填endangered。
18.考查动词不定式。句意:近年来,该省加强了恢复森林、湿地和其他生态系统的措施。measure意为“措施”,为抽象名词,所以应用to do不定式作后置定语。故填to restore。
19.考查介词。句意:中国已建立自然保护区49个,总面积256.13万公顷。根据“China has established 49 nature reserves”和“a total area of 2,561, 300 hectares”可知,此处是指“带有,具有”,所以应用介词with。故填with。
20.考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意:由于这些努力,在过去的几年里,当地的中国秋沙鸭的数量已经从十几只左右增加到近100只。根据“over the past few years”可知,此处应用现在完成时。主语population为第三人称单数。故填has grown。
21.patiently 22.listening 23.will have/am going to have
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候,邻居激发了作者的阅读兴趣。
21.考查副词。句意:她耐心地给我读了很多不同的书,包括古代冒险故事、旅行故事、家庭剧、历史小说等。修饰动词,用副词形式。故填patiently。
22.考查非谓语动词。句意:让我高兴的是,每听一本书都让我感觉像在看电影,但更好,因为书比电影提供了更多的细节。分析句子结构可知,句中缺少主语,所以用动名词作主语。故填listening。
23.考查时态。句意:明年,大学毕业后,我将有一份教英语的工作。根据时间状语Next year可知,用一般将来时。故填will have/am going to have。
24.known 25.where 26.into/to
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了北京奥林匹克公园。
24.考查非谓语动词。句意:北京奥林匹克公园,又称奥林匹克公园,位于北京市朝阳区,总土地面积11.59平方公里。根据句子分析可知,此处作定语,主语Beijing Olympic Park与know之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
25.考查定语从句。句意:著名的国家体育馆或者“鸟巢”是公园的中心,在这里举办了2022年北京冬奥会的开幕式和闭幕式。根据句子分析可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为The famous National Stadium or “Bird’s Nest”,在定语从句中作地点状语,故应用where引导。故填where。
26.考查介词。句意:为2022年北京冬奥会和残运会,将它改造成了“冰立方”,并在游泳池上建造了可拆卸的冰壶跑道,以举办冰壶比赛。根据句意可知,此处意为“转变为,改变为”,表达为be transformed into/to。故填into/to。
27.diaries 28.was created 29.What 30.to handle
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日。
27.考查名词的数。句意:世界环境日是我们每个人都需要记在日记里的一天。名词diary为可数名词,根据形容词性物主代词our可知,用名词的复数形式。故填diaries。
28.考查时态语态。句意:世界环境日由联合国大会于1972年创立。根据时间状语in 1972可知,用一般过去时。主语WED是单数,与create之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was created。
29.考查名词性从句。句意:人们在这一天能做的就是开始改变生活方式来减少碳足迹。本句为主语从句,从句缺少宾语,指物,所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。
30.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些活动鼓励政府和当地社区共同努力解决环境问题。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to handle。
31.spotted 32.to help 33.easier
【导语】这是一篇记叙文,文章主要讲述Mykel学习骑自行车时得到周围孩子的帮助的故事。
31.考查一般过去时。句意:当邻居的孩子们发现Mykel摇摇晃晃地控制着他的自行车时,他们跑过去帮忙。根据上文的时间状语“On a particular sunny day”及主句中的“raced”可知,文章是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,故填spotted。
32.考查动词不定式。句意同上。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。
33.考查形容词比较级。句意:有些事说起来容易做起来难。根据than可知此处应用形容词比较级。故填easier。
34.producing 35.when 36.used 37.is required
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了芬兰科学家提出的一个利用沙子的可再生发电方式。
34.考查非谓语动词。句意:可再生发电方法,如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板,只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。空前为介词for,故空处需要填动名词doing的形式构成“介宾”结构。故填producing。
35.考查定语从句。句意:可再生发电方法,如风力涡轮机和太阳能电池板,只能在有风或有太阳的日子里提供电力。分析句子可知,此处为定语从句,修饰先行词the days,表“时间”,从句中不缺主、宾、表和定语,故填关系副词。故填when。
36.考查非谓语动词。句意:用来储存能量的电池价格昂贵,而且会造成污染。本句已有动词are,且空处没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词;动词与空前名词之间是被动关系,所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。
37.考查动词的时态和语态。句意:当需要能量时,空气可以通过它来加热。结合句意可知,此处为陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时态即可;动词require和单数主语energy为动宾关系,故需要用被动语态be done的形式。故填is required。
38.had worked 39.What 40.whom
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者在一家百货公司工作时,另一位和作者同名的人也加入进来的趣事。
38.考查时态。句意:我在那里工作了一年之后,另一个Barbara加入了工作。由“when another Barbara joined the staff”可知,当另一个Barbara加入了工作时,“我”已经工作一年了,空格处用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去,因此空格处是had worked。故填had worked。
39.考查主语从句。句意:让我觉得好笑的是小孩子们怎么谈论我。空格处引导的是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,此处指“小孩子们怎么谈论我”这件事,因此空格处用what引导主语从句,位于句首,首字母大写,故填What。
40.考查定语从句。句意:随着时间的推移,来百货公司的的人已经习惯了,现在90%的人对我名字的反应是“芭比,你能告诉我吗?”空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词callers是人,因此空格处用whom,故填whom。
41.are invited 42.from 43.himself 44.to create
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“房屋”对英国人和美国人分别意味着什么。
41.考查动词的时态和语态。句意:然而,这并不意味着他的房子是一个美丽的宫殿,其他人都会被邀请来参观。空处为定语从句的谓语动词,主语others与invite为动宾关系,表示“被邀请”,故需要用到被动语态;文章为陈述客观事实,故用一般现在时态。故填are invited。
42.考查介词。句意:这是他躲避生活烦恼的私人场所。结合句意,表示“躲避”为固定短语hide away from。故填from。
43.考查反身代词。句意:对于美国人来说,房屋就是表达他自己的一种方式。结合句意可知,空处需要填反身代词表示“美国人自己”;根据谓语动词is和宾语an expression可知,此处反身代词需要用单数形式,在性别有男有女时,用himself代指。故填himself。
44.考查非谓语动词。句意:通常会在每个房间都花很多钱,以根据人们的生活方式来创造一种合适的“感觉”。分析句子结构,谓语动词为is spent,故空处需要填非谓语的形式;结合句意,表示“来……”为目的,故用to do不定式的形式。故填to create。
45.using 46.drops/will drop 47.highly
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了跳伞灭火工作人员的工作方式,内容和条件。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们乘坐小型飞机旅行,并使用降落伞跳入偏远的荒野地区灭火。分析句子成分可知,本句的谓语动词为“travel”和“jump”,连词为“and”,故提示词应为非谓语动词。照应主语“They”,为逻辑上的主动关系,故用doing形式作方式状语。故填using。
46.考查谓语动词。句意:当火势还很小时,飞行员会根据需要将队员空投到该地区。分析句子成分可知,本句为“While”引导的时间状语从句,主将从现,故主句应用一般将来时。另外,本句也可理解为客观描述,可用一般现在时。故填drops/will drop。
47.考查副词。句意:跳伞灭火员必须训练有素,非常有经验和非常健康。根据空前后为谓语动词“must be trained”可知,应为副词修饰动词。故填highly。
48.had seen 49.how 50.filling
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子患有自闭症,某天他们一起看电影的时候儿子拥抱了作者,让作者非常触动和高兴。
48.考查时态。句意:在一个普通的春日,我们正在欣赏他最喜欢的电影之一,他以前看过很多次。根据后文many times before可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had seen。
49.考查宾语从句。句意:突然,他站了起来,紧紧地抱住我。你可以想象我有多兴奋。引导宾语从句,表示“多么激动”应用how excited。故填how。
50.考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然只是一个拥抱,但它对我来说意义重大,让我充满了巨大的喜悦。分析句子结构可知fill与逻辑主语hug构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填filling。
51.whose 52.carried 53.finest
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以“读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书展,并且介绍了活动内容及展出书目等详细情况。
51.考查定语从句。句意:今年,以“读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书展于1月24日在全球85家书店举行。分析句子可知,该句为非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少定语,因此需使用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
52.考查时态。句意:此次图书展将会开展书展、文艺演出等多种活动。分析句子可知,空处与主语it构成主动关系且陈述过去事实,因此可使用过去式。故填carried。
53.考查形容词最高级。句意:总的来说,今年的书展向当地读者展示了最新、最好的中国出版物,让他们更好地了解新时代的中国。由并列连词and和the newest(最新的)可知,空处应使用形容词最高级。故填finest。
54.created 55.natural 56.from 57.is trained
【导语】这是一篇说明文。ChatGPT是Open AI创造的一种新的人工智能技术。它使机器能够以自然和对话的方式理解和回应人类的对话。自去年开放给公众使用以来,ChatGPT已经撼动了科技界。虽然它看起来很有知识,但它远非完美。它无法回答关于最近发生的事情的问题,因为它使用的是2021年及之前的数据。
54.考查非谓语动词。句意:ChatGPT是Open AI创造的一种新的人工智能技术。分析句子结构可知create与逻辑主语a new artificial intelligence technology构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填created。
55.考查形容词。句意:它使机器能够以自然和对话的方式理解和回应人类的对话。修饰名词way应用形容词natural,作定语。故填natural。
56.考查介词。句意:虽然它看起来很有知识,但它远非完美。短语far from表示“远非”。故填from。
57.考查时态语态。句意:它无法回答关于最近发生的事情的问题,因为它使用的是2021年及之前的数据。主语与谓语构成被动关系,陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为it,谓语用单数。故填is trained。
58.has built 59.herself 60.aiming
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了出生在美国的王女士从小就喜欢中国文化,她经常上传自己穿着汉服的视频,她说她喜欢汉服,想要更多的人了解它。
58.考查时态。句意:王女士出生并长在美国,但是从她是个小女孩的时候,她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。此处主语为she,build为谓语动词,主语she与build之间为主动关系,且根据后文的时间状语从句since she was a little girl可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填has built。
59.考查代词。句意:她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频,这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处of是介词,后跟宾语,且主语为she,此处意为“她自己”,故应用反身代词herself作宾语,故填herself。
60.考查现在分词。句意:我录了很多视频,是为了帮助更多的人了解它。根据句子分析可知,此处作状语,aim与主语I之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词作状语,故填aiming。
61.traditionally 62.uses 63.which 64.located
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。
61.考查副词。句意:太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量,因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句子分析可知,此处作状语,修饰动词work,故应用副词“traditionally传统地”修饰,故填traditionally。
62.考查时态。句意:然而,这一设备使用了一个热电发电机,利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语,为单数,与谓语动词use之间为主动关系,且根据后文的creates可知,此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,故填uses。
63.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这就变成了能量,再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为energy,指物,定语从句中缺少主语,故应用which引导,故填which。
64.考查非谓语动词。句意:这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说,是很有帮助的。此处作定语,修饰areas,areas与locate之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语,故填located。
65.were produced 66.after 67.whether/if
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究显示狗狗有多爱它们的主人。在实验中,研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。然后,研究小组重复了这个实验,这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。结果显示,狗只在团聚时流泪。研究小组现在想知道,当狗和其他狗团聚时,是否会有类似的情绪反应
65.考查时态语态。句意:在实验中,研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。根据“they were”可知,主句为一般过去时,主语tears与谓语produce为被动关系。故填were produced。
66.考查介词。句意:然后,研究小组重复了这个实验,这次是在分别5小时后与主人团聚的狗。根据句意可知,空处填介词after。故填after。
67.考查连接词。句意:研究小组现在想知道,当狗和其他狗团聚时,是否会有类似的情绪反应。find out后接宾语从句,根据句意可知,表示“是否”,用连接词whether或者if。故填whether/if。
68.visited 69.how 70.quickly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加今年的半程马拉松比赛志愿者活动的过程。
68.考查动词时态。句意:在组委会主席参观我的学校后,我决定志愿参加今年的半程马拉松比赛。句子陈述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填visited。
69.考查疑问词。句意:在之前的几周里,我一直在接受如何成为一名志愿者的培训。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用“疑问词+to do”结构,作on的宾语,表示“如何”,应用how。故填how。
70.考查副词。句意:激动人心的比赛开始了,凯茜和我耐心地等待着,直到第一批选手即将到来的消息传开,我们迅速地把水倒进杯子里。此处修饰动词poured,应用副词,作状语。故填quickly。
71.where 72.served 73.giving
【导语】本文是说明文。根据一些食品专家的说法,放弃伴随你长大的食物是最难的。每个人的舒适食物在很大程度上取决于他们来的地方,一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源,给我们“家的味道”,缓解乡愁。
71.考查定语从句。句意:当然,每个人的舒适食物在很大程度上取决于他们来的地方——对中国人来说,可能是一盘饺子和一碟醋,而对英国人来说,可能是经典的炸鱼薯条,热热的、咸咸的、酸酸的被端上来。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰the place,从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故填where。
72.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知,serve用非谓语动词形式作状语,与逻辑主语the classic fish and chips是被动关系,用过去分词作状语,故填served。
73.考查非谓语动词。句意:一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源,给我们“家的味道”,缓解乡愁。分析句子可知,give用非谓语动词形式作状语,与逻辑主语One mouthful of comfort food是主动关系,用现在分词作状语,故填giving。
74.appearance 75.was spotted 76.impacts 77.for
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了卡塔尔世界杯与超级巨星摩根弗里曼一起出现的卡塔尔男孩——身残志坚的Al Muftah。
74.考查名词。句意:在2022年卡塔尔世界杯的开幕式上,好莱坞演员摩根·弗里曼 (Morgan Freeman) 惊奇现身。不定冠词修饰单数名词,故填appearance。
75.考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意:这位美国超级巨星和一位身体有缺陷的年轻卡塔尔男孩一起出现。分析句子可知,spot作谓语,与主语superstar是被动关系,且主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时,故填was spotted。
76.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:它影响下半身的正常形成。分析句子可知,impact作谓语,it指代上文提到的CRS,主语和谓语之间是主动关系,且主语是单数,谓语动词用单数,讲述事实用一般现在时,故填impacts。
77.考查介词。句意:但是,这位意志坚强的年轻人拒绝让他的疾病阻止他对生活的热爱,决定进行一系列运动——从攀岩、足球、冰球到游泳,无所不包。thirst for“渴望”是固定短语,故填for。
78.unusual 79.Confused 80.had spotted/spotted
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nick在河中发现鲸目动物,说明环境得到了改善。
78.考查形容词。句意:Nick沿着拱门河骑着自行车,突然他注意到河里有不寻常的东西。something是一个不定代词,后面一般加的是形容词。结合句意,用形容词unusual,表示“不同寻常的”。故填unusual。
79.考查非谓语动词。句意:Nick对他所看到的感到困惑,他拍了一段视频并发布在网上。be confused by对……困惑,在句中作状语,所以用过去分词形式。故填Confused。
80.考查时态。句意:几天后,一些研究人员证实,他发现了两只海豚,这是自2017年以来在这条河中发现的第一只鲸类动物,这表明恢复河流健康的努力正在取得成效。根据时间状语可知,从句的动作发生在主句过去动作confirmed之前,所以用过去完成时。或者表示陈述过去事实,所以也可用一般过去时。故填had spotted/spotted。
81.whose 82.integrating 83.will explore
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍将贝壳作为艺术品。
81.考查定语从句。句意:贝壳作为自然的产物,自穴居人时期就与人类产生了联系,洞穴壁画中的穴居人就穿着贝壳。句中先行词为cavemen,在非限定性定语从句中作名词images的定语,所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
82.考查非谓语动词。句意:如今,在福建省,专家们将玉雕、木雕以及中国传统绘画的技术结合起来,将这些天然礼物变成了贝壳雕刻艺术品。介词by后接动名词形式。故填integrating。
83.考查时态。句意:专家们希望他们能在未来探索新的技术,将这项古老的工艺发扬光大。根据时间状语in the future可知,用一般将来时。故填will explore。
84.its 85.seconds 86.is obtained 87.what
【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了一个热门软件ChatGPT。
84.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:ChatGPT自去年11月推出以来,就立即成为一款热门软件,让用户既感到有趣,又感到担忧。此处应用形容词性物主代词,修饰名词users,故填its。
85.考查名词复数。句意:只要收到一个命令或问题,这个聊天机器人就能在几秒钟内回复令人信服的文章、简单的食谱,甚至是生活建议。second秒,是可数名词,in a matter of seconds在几秒钟之内,固定短语。故填seconds。
86.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:这一令人印象深刻的成就是通过一个大型语言模型获得的。句子是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时,主语achievement和动词obtain之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是不可数名词,be动词用is。故填is obtained。
87.考查宾语从句。句意:许多人都想知道这项技术的下一步会是什么,以及这项技术最终会走向何方。分析句子可知,空处引导宾语从句,作动词wondering的宾语,结合句意可知,此处指“下一步会是什么”,应用连接代词what。故填what。
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