甘肃省白银市靖远县一中、二中、四中三校2023届高三下学期二模联考英语试卷（含答案）

这是一份甘肃省白银市靖远县一中、二中、四中三校2023届高三下学期二模联考英语试卷（含答案），共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

甘肃省白银市靖远县一中、二中、四中三校2023届高三下学期二模联考英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Welcome to Science on Sundays
Science on Sundays is a programme of free monthly science talks which always brings the latest discoveries in plant science, as well as research linked to the plant collection at the Botanic Garden, to the visitors in a 30-minute short period of time. The programme in April is about tulips(郁金香).
Introduction
Time: 2:30 pm on Sundays
Title: In Search of Wild Tulips
Objects: adults and children aged 12+
Speaker: Brett Wilson at University of Cambridge
Background Information
The planted tulips are a common sight in spring gardens around the world, but have you ever considered where wild tulips grow? The wild ancestors of our much-loved gardening varieties can mostly be found in the mountains and valleys of Central Asia, far from the Netherlands, where most tulips are grown and bred. At the Botanic Garden, we have a National Tulip Collection where we grow many wild species including plenty of species from Central Asia. Over the last four years, Brett Wilson has been using something learned from books and combining with fieldwork to understand the diversity of tulips, with a view of identifying which species are most at risk of extinction.
Come and listen to Brett speak about the research and the adventures that have occurred in our search to find and protect wild tulips in this remote corner of the world. These will be live face-to-face talks taking place in the Botanic Garden Classroom for those visitors with interest.
1、What do we know about Science on Sundays?
A. It focuses on plants. B. It is a paid programme.
C.It appeals only to children. D. It is a live broadcast on weckdays.
2、How does Brett Wilson understand tulips' diversity?
A. By making assumptions. B. By picking and collecting tulips.
C.By growing tulips in greenhouses. D. By combining theory and practice.
3、What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?
A. To call on visitors to listen to the talks.
B. To advise visitors to plant many more tulips.
C. To call on visitors to take more botany classes.
D. To advise visitors to take adventure in remote areas.
It wasn't until I graduated from college that I subsequently realized that knowledge is so endless that I was able to learn for pleasure. A sense of curiosity, rather than perfectionism, guided me. I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language. Looking up words encountered in the wild felt less like a failure and more like an admission that I still didn't know lots of things and an opportunity to discover more.
I cherish my 1954 copy of Webster's New International Dictionary given by my roommate. I often consult it during the evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading. I mostly read novels at night, in bed, so when I come across unfamiliar words, I fold the bottom of the page and then look them up word by word. When I start encountering these words, the language world seems to shrink to the size of a small town.
Wikipedia answers questions with more questions, opening up pages of information you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain more complex ones. Using one feels as if I'm opening an oyster(牡蛎) with curiosity. Unknown words become mysteries, and solving them gives me satisfaction. Why always leave them up to guesswork? Why not consult a dictionary and feel the instant contentment of pairing context with a definition?
Dictionaries reward you for paying attention, both to the things you consume and to your own curiosity. They are an entrance into the kind of childish urge to just know things, which I had before learning became a duty instead of a game.
For most of you, dictionaries are a gateway into that kind of unconsidered knowledge-seeking. They remind you that, when it comes to learning, allowing your curiosity is just as important as paying attention. After all, isn't curiosity really just another form of attention? Following your curiosity instead of pushing it away, consult your dictionary and feel connected to more than what's right in front of you.
4、What does consulting dictionaries mean to the author?
A. A guide to shape his character. B. A complete admission of failure.
C.A chance to explore the unknown. D. A unique way of perfecting himself.
5、What does "cherish" underlined in parngraph 2 mean?
A. Prize. B.Lost. C.Edit. D.Publish.
6、Why is Wikipedia mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To show disadvantages of dictionaries.
B. To indicate the importance of technology.
C. To introduce another powerful learning tool.
D. To prove the benefits of using the search engine.
7、What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?
A. Raise doubts. B. Make an appeal.
C.Give a warning. D.Express thanks.
Latin America's first renewable fuel-powered, garbage-trapping wheel is cleaning one of Panama's dirtiest rivers. It is powered by water and solar energy. It pulls waste out of the Juan Diaz River. Most of the waste comes from the capital area of Panama City where about 2million people live. Thousands of kilograms of garbage flow down the river into the ocean each year.
As the leader of the project, Robert Getman said, "Cleaning beaches is good, but it is more effective and cheaper to trap garbage in rivers because when it reaches the ocean, the environmental and economic cost becomes too high."
The Juan Diaz River is one of the most polluted in Panama. Waste systems in the area are poor, and land development is not well supervised(监督). The river also passes through Panama City, one of Central America's largest cities. Still, the waterway and its mangrove trees are home to wildlife like turtles and birds, According to this situation, the environmental group Marea Verde launched the wheel in late September, which is named Wanda Diaz. By the middle of October, it had gathered 28.6 cubic meters of plastic bottles from the water. Overfive years, Marea Verde projects have slowed the spread of waste along the Juan Diaz Riverand other Panama's rivers. Several years ago, the group launched its "Barrier or Trash" technology, a floating device. It captured more than 100 metric tons of waste in the Matias Hernandez River within two years.
The Baltimore Bay "Trashwheel" in the United States is the model for Marea Verde's machine, Wanda Diaz. However, Wanda Diaz is more advanced and superior in terms of technology, and it even has cameras with artificial intelligence (AI) that can recognize and sort different plastics.
"We want each of us to raise awareness that we can prevent the death of the Juan Diaz River," said Marea Verde's leader Sandy Watemberg. She expressed her hope that the wheel would also help many more other rivers. But she also pointed out that those who accustomed themselves to single-use plastics needed to rethink their behavior.
8、Which words best describe the garbage-trapping wheel?
A.Effective but costly. B.Green and practical.
C.Powerful but energy-wasting. D. Kenewable and simple.
9、What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3?
A. Great damage to Panama City.
B. The importance of the Juan Diaz River.
C. Measures taken to battle wildlife killing.
D. The background information of Marea Verde projects.
10、What can we learn about Wanda Diaz?
A. It has AI to break down plastics.
B. It is the model for "Trashwheel".
C.It is an updated version of "Trashwheel".
D.It has AI cameras to remove many plastics.
11、What message does Sandy Watemberg seem to convey?
A. People should not use plastics anymore.
B.The death of the river is unpreventable.
C.River protection has received the attention of all.
D. Humans' living habits matter in river protection.
Eating ultra-processed(超加工的) foods for more than 20% of your daily calorie intake every day can set you on the road to cognitive(认知的) decline, according to a new study. Previous studies have found they can raise the risk of having obesity, heart and circulation problems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives. Now, the new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the areas of the brain involved in executive(决策的) functioning—the ability to process information and make decisions.
In fact, men and women who ate the most ultra-processed foods had a 28% faster rate of global cognitive decline and a 25% faster rate of executive function decline compared with people who ate the least amount of overly processed food, the new study found. "While in need of further study and replication, the new results are quite convincing and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases as we get older," said Tanzi, a Professor of Neurology at Harvard Medical School. He was not involved in the study.
The study, presented on August I at the 2022 Alzheimer's Association International Conference in San Diego, followed over 10,000 Brazilians whose average age was 51 for up to 10 years. Just over half of the study participants were women.
Cognitive testing, which included immediate and delayed word recall, word recognition and verbal fluency were performed at the beginning and end of the study, and the participants were inquired about their diet. "In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of the total calorie intake. We cat a lot of hamburgers, chocolate and white bread. It's not very different, unfortunately, from many other western countries," said co-author Dr. Claudia Suemoto, an assistant professor.
Ultra-processed foods are defined as "industrial formulations of food substances (oils, fats, sugars, starch, and protein isolates) that contain little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives", according to the study.
12、What is Tanzi's attitude towards the new study?
A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C.Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
13、What can we know about the new study?
A.Its participants were over 50 years old.
B. It followed the participants for a period of time.
C. It proved men had a faster rate of cognitive decline than women.
D.It first found ultra-processed foods could raise the risk of obesity.
14、What were the participants asked to do in the study?
A. Eat their favorite foods. B. Introduce their daily routine.
C. Enhance their verbal fluency. D. Take a series of cognitive tests.
15、Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. The substances of ultra-processed foods
B. The appropriate intake of ultra-processed foods
C. Cognitive decline linked to ultra-processed foods
D. Ultra-processed foods causing executive functioning loss
二、七选五
16、 Productive people have one thing in common: a solid routine consisting of small habits that help them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle. ①_____. Research has shown that a habit takes approximately 21 days to become normal behavior. So here are some habits you can start to practice to become a productive person.
●Establish a morning routine
The most effective way of staying productive is to wake up at the same time every day, even on the weekends. ②_____. By performing small, routine tasks like opening your windows as soon as you wake up, your body and mind will know that it's time to begin your day's work. You should also take a couple of minutes to stretch before getting ready, and then make your bed. These may seem like unimportant tasks, but they set the tone for remaining productive throughout the day.
●Make daily to-do lists
③_____. Some people prefer to make their to-do lists first thing in the morning, while others like to do them each night to prepare for the day ahead. Either way, it will help you to keep on track and to manage your time and workload efficiently.
④_____
Writing down and organizing your thoughts can help you to track and achieve goals. You should even write down your accomplishments in your diary, no matter how small, to help motivate you to keep going. You can also track the progress of your bigger goals and make notes of the smaller tasks you can accomplish to achieve them. ⑤_____.
A. Keep a journal
B. Having enough sleeping is important
C.Motivate someone else to make notes
D.This helps your body maintain its biorhythm
E. Making a list of priorities for the day helps you to stay on track
F.For many of them, it doesn't take long to integrate into their routine
G.The process of recording will help you to reflect and boost brain function
三、完形填空（20空）
Being able to hop on a plane and travel somewhere is great, but sitting up in first class is a whole other ballgame compared to economy. 1 , for an elderly woman Violet, her new-found friend has got her back.
Violet was 2 from New York when she 3 a friendship with Jack. Despite the total 4 in their backgrounds and life stories, they didn't 5 them from chatting.
As they 6 the plane, however, Violet realized what the 7 meant for Jack. When they were led into the plane, Violet got the 8 of her life.
Jack walked up to Violet on the airplane and requested that she 9 seats with him.
The man was seated in the "upper-class cabin". Traveling in this level of 10 and luxury has always been Violet's dream so you can just imagine the 11 on her face when she heard Jack's request. But for Jack, he just wanted to 12 Violet's day.
The encounter was so 13 for Violet that she wanted to take a photo because she knew her daughter wouldn't believe what 14 to her.
Leah, the attending flight stewardess, helped her take the photo and 15 it to Violet's daughter. She said that it was a 16 flight for her too. She shared in the post that she had 17 with athletes like footballers and celebrities like supermodels and Hollywood movie stars, but Jack and Violet were by far her 18 .
This story is a 19 example of how what might be a small act of 20 for you could make a huge difference to someone else.
17、A. Originally B. Luckily C. Exactly D. Primarily
18、A. reminding B. attacking C. driving D. traveling
19、A. showed off B. took away C. struck up D. gave out
20、A. difference B. common C. interest D. attraction
21、A. save B. spare C. conduct D. stop
22、A. boarded B. observed C. recommended D. feared
23、A. ownership B. professorship C. membership D. friendship
24、A. suffering B. surprise C. fare D. trick
25、A. combine B. charge C. swap D. provide
26、A. depression B. comfort C. excitement D. insecurity
27、A. expression B. option C. opinion D. recovery
28、A. miss B. pay. C. make D. win
29、A. right B. amazing C. inseparable D. awkward
30、A. happened B. ordered C. limited D. fixed
31、A. sell B. bring C. throw D. send
32、A. regretful B. shy C. special D. friendly
33、A. lived B. flown C. compromised D. agreed
34、A. solutions B. victims C. experiences D. favorites
35、A. perfect B. tough C. narrow D. calm
36、A. rescue B. terrorism C. kindness D. carelessness
四、短文填空
37、 Huge numbers of bees and butterflies are falling, even in quiet forests. A 15-year survey finds bees ①_____ build their nests above ground are especially ②_____ risk. Habitat loss, pesticide(农药) use, and other human impacts are often blamed for the ③_____(document) decline of insects in recent decades. Researchers have found that even in forests where only a few human ④_____(being) often go, some bees and butterflies are declining. In the past 15 years, the number of bees and butterflies ⑤_____(drop) sharply in a forest in the southeast US. In addition, the population of bee species there has fallen by 39%.
Five times between 2007 ⑥_____ 2022, the researchers surveyed the insects in three forest areas in northern Georgia, The sites were ⑦_____(relative) undisturbed by humans and didn't have common invasive plants.
The researchers doubt climate change may be warming the region and affecting the survival of bees and butterflies. Invasive insects may also be to blame, especially for the decline of bees like leaf-cutting bees ⑧_____(live) in hollow tree trunks. The researchers show that among all the species, leaf-cutting bees are the ⑨_____(hard) hit species, possibly because foreign wood-nesting bees may defeat then for nest sites or because their nests fail ⑩_____(protect) them from higher temperatures.
五、短文改错
38、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dad and I go to my grandparents' home last weekend. Besides visited my grandparents, we wanted to help them to have the broadband network fixing. Dad asked the communication company to do it in the advance. A technician came on time and finished his work rapid. Then it was my turn. I just taught my grandparents what to use their smart phones step by step. Soon we learned to read news, shop online or do something else. They showed much interest in video chat, which they thought was the most useful functions. Now, I usually chat my grandparents online.
六、书面表达
39、假定你是李华,你校将组织大家去附近的村庄参观。请你给外教Jim写一封邮件邀请他一起参加该活动,内容包括:
1.活动时间、地点和目的;
2.参观内容:新农村建设。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已为你写好。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由本文第一段中的关键句Science on Sundays is a programme of free monthly science talks which always brings the latest discoveries in plant science, as well as research linked to the plant collection at the Botanic Garden, to the visitors in a 30-minute short period of time.("星期日科学"是一个每月免费的科学讲座节目,在30分钟的短时间内,为参观者介绍植物科学的最新发现,以及与植物园植物收藏相关的研究。)推断出该节目是关注植物的科学。故选A项。
2、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由本文倒数第二段中的关键句Over the last four years, Brett Wilson has been using something learned from books and combining with fieldwork to understand the diversity of tulips, with a view of identifying which species are most at risk of extinction.(在过去的四年里,布雷特·威尔逊(Brett Wilson)一直在利用从书本上学到的知识,并结合实地调查来了解郁金香的多样性,以确定哪些物种濒临灭绝的风险最大。)推断出,Brett Wilson是通过把书本上的所学的和实地调查来了解郁金香的多样性的。故选D项。
3、答案：A
解析：目的意图题。由本文最后一段中的Come and listen to Brett speak about the research and the adventures that have occurred in our search to find and protect wild tulips in this remote corner of the world.(来听布雷特讲述我们在世界这个偏远角落寻找和保护野生郁金香的研究和冒险。)推断出最后一段是号召参观者来听Brett关于郁金香的报告。故选A项。
4、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由本文第一段中的关键句I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language. Looking up words encountered in the wild felt less like a failure and more like an admission that I still didn't know lots of things and an opportunity to discover more.(我开始把词典视为语言生活的实地指南。查阅“在野外”遇到的单词并不像失败,而更像是承认我仍然不知道很多东西,并有机会发现更多。)可以推断出查阅词典对作者来说是一个探索未知的机会。故选C。
5、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。由本文第二段中的关键句可I cherish my 1954 copy of Webster's New International Dictionary given by my roommate. I often consult it during the evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading.(我很cherish我室友送给我的那本1954年版的韦氏新国际词典。我经常在晚上玩拼字游戏或中午阅读杂志时查阅这本书。)可知划线词意思是“珍视,珍爱”它,A.Prize.珍视;B.Lost.丢失;C.Edit.编辑;D.Publish.出版。故选A。
6、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由本文第三段中的关键句Wikipedia answers questions with more questions, opening up pages of information you never asked for. But a dictionary builds on common knowledge, using simple words to explain more complex ones.(维基百科用更多的问题来回答问题,打开你从未问过的信息页面。但是词典建立在常识的基础上,用简单的词来解释更复杂的词。)可以推断出第三段提到维基百科的目的是通过比较来证明词典的优势。故选A。
7、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由本文最后一段的内容For most of you, dictionaries are a gateway into that kind of unconsidered knowledge-seeking. They remind you that, when it comes to learning, allowing your curiosity is just as important as paying attention. After all, isn't curiosity really just another form of attention? Following your curiosity instead of pushing it away, consult your dictionary and feel connected to more than what's right in front of you.(对你们大多数人来说,词典是进入那种不经思考的求知之门。他们提醒你,在学习方面,保持好奇心和集中注意力一样重要。毕竟,好奇心不就是注意力的另一种形式吗?跟着你的好奇心走,而不是把它推开,查阅你的词典,感受你与眼前事物以外的事物之间的联系。)可知作者发起呼吁读者去查阅词典,所以可以推断出最后一段作者发起呼吁。故选B。
8、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由本文第一段中的关键句Latin America's first renewable fuel–powered, garbage–trapping wheel is cleaning one of Panama's dirtiest rivers. It is powered by water and solar energy(拉丁美洲首个以可再生燃料为动力的垃圾捕获轮正在清理巴拿马一条最脏的河流。它由水和太阳能提供动力。)以及第二段中的关键句Cleaning beaches is good, but it is more effective and cheaper to trap garbage in rivers because when it reaches the ocean, the environmental and economic cost becomes too high(清洁海滩很好,但将垃圾困在河流中更有效、更便宜,因为当垃圾流入海洋时,环境和经济成本会变得太高。)可知,垃圾捕获轮是环保且实用的。故选B。
9、答案：D
解析：段落大意题。由本文第三段的内容The Juan Diaz River is one of the most polluted in Panama. Waste systems in the area are poor, and land development is not well supervised(监督). The river also passes through Panama City, one of Central America's largest cities. Still, the waterway and its mangrove trees are home to wildlife like turtles and birds, According to this situation, the environmental group Marea Verde launched the wheel in late September, which is named Wanda Diaz. By the middle of October, it had gathered 28.6 cubic meters of plastic bottles from the water. Overfive years, Marea Verde projects have slowed the spread of waste along the Juan Diaz Riverand other Panama's rivers. Several years ago, the group launched its "Barrier or Trash" technology, a floating device. It captured more than 100 metric tons of waste in the Matias Hernandez River within two years.(胡安迪亚兹河是巴拿马污染最严重的河流之一。该地区的废物处理系统很差,土地开发也没有得到很好的监督。这条河还经过巴拿马城,巴拿马城是中美洲最大的城市之一。不过,这条水道及其红树林是海龟和鸟类等野生动物的家园。根据这种情况,环保组织Marea Verde于9月底推出了这款名为Wanda Diaz的摩天轮。截至10月中旬,该公司已从水中收集了28.6立方米的塑料瓶。五年来,马雷亚·佛得角项目减缓了胡安·迪亚兹河和巴拿马其他河流沿线垃圾的扩散。几年前,该组织推出了"屏障或垃圾"技术,这是一种漂浮设备。它在两年内从马蒂亚斯·埃尔南德斯河捕获了100多吨垃圾。)可知,本段主要介绍了这个项目的实施背景。故选D。
10、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由本文第四段中的关键句However, Wanda Diaz is more advanced and superior in terms of technology, and it even has cameras with artificial intelligence (AI) that can recognize and sort different plastics.(但Wanda Diaz在技术上更加先进和优越,它甚至有人工智能摄像头,可以识别和分类不同的塑料。)可知,Wanda Diaz是"Trashwheel"的升级版。故选C。
11、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由本文最后一段中的关键句But she also pointed out that those who accustomed themselves to single-use plastics needed to rethink their behavior.(但她也指出,那些习惯使用一次性塑料制品的人需要重新思考自己的行为。)可知,Sandy Watemberg认为保护河流的关键在于改变人们使用一次性塑料制品的生活习惯。故选D。
12、答案：B
解析：态度观点题。根据第二段中Tanzi的话While in need of further study and replication, the new results are quite convincing and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases as we get older.(虽然还需要进一步的研究和复制,但新的结果相当有说服力,它并突显了适当的营养在保护和促进大脑健康以及随着年龄的增长降低大脑疾病风险方面的关键作用。)可知,Tanzi认为这项新研究有说服力,但还需要进一步进行研究和复制,说明他持客观的态度。A.Doubtful怀疑的;B.Objective客观的;C.Ambiguous模棱两可的;D.Disapproving不赞成的。故选B。
13、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中The study, presented on August 1 at the 2022Alzheimer's Association International Conference in San Diego, followed over 10,000 Brazilians whose average age was 51 for up to 10 years.(这项研究于8月1日在圣地亚哥举行的2022年阿尔茨海默氏症协会国际会议上公布,对1万多名平均年龄为51岁的巴西人进行了长达10年的跟踪调查。)可知,这项研究对参与者进行了一段时间的跟踪调查。故选B。
14、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中Cognitive testing, which included immediate and delayed word recall, word recognition and verbal fluency were performed at the beginning and end of the study, and the participants were inquired about their diet.(在研究开始和结束时进行了认知测试,包括立即和延迟单词回忆、单词识别和语言流利性,并询问了参与者的饮食。)可知,研究中要求参与者做一系列的认知测试。故选D。
15、答案：C
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文,并结合文章第一段中Eating ultra-processed(超加工的) foods for more than 20% of your daily calorie intake every day can set you on the road to cognitive(认知的) decline, according to a new study.(一项新的研究表明,每天摄入超加工食品的热量占你每日卡路里摄入量的20%以上,会使你的认知能力下降。)可知,本文主要介绍了一项新的研究,该研究表明每天摄入过多超加工食品会使人的认知能力下降,全文都围绕这一主题展开,所以C项"Cognitive decline linked to ultra-processed foods(超加工食品导致认知能力下降)"直接点题,是文章最佳标题。故选C。
16、答案：FDEAG
解析：①细节理解题。根据空前的Productive people have one thing in common: a solid routine consisting of small habits that help them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle.(富有成效的人有一个共同点:由小习惯组成的坚实的日常常规,帮助他们保持健康的心态和生活方式。)可知,富有成效的人都是一些小习惯组成的坚实的日常常规,根据空后的Research has shown that a habit takes approximately 21 days to become normal behavior.(研究表明,一个习惯大约需要21天才能成为正常行为。)可知,形成一个正常的行为需要21天,由此可推断,此空处讲述的是要成为一个富有成效的人需要花费的时间,F选项"对于他们中的许多人来说,融入他们的日常生活并不需要很长时间",可知,形成这一套惯例不需要很久,承接空前与空后的内容,符合题意。故选F项。
②联系上文题。根据空前的The most effective way of staying productive is to wake up at the same time every day, even on the weekends.(保持工作效率的最有效方法是每天在同一时间醒来,即使在周末也是如此。)可知,每天在同一时间起床是最好的方法,D选项"这有助于您的身体保持其生物节律"中的保持身体的生物节奏与每天同时间起床的结果,符合逻辑,内容相吻合。故选D项。
③推理判断题。根据该段的小标题Make daily to-do lists(制作每日待办事项清单),可知,本段主要讲述的与列一个日常待办清单相关,E选项"列出当天的优先事项可帮助您保持正轨",讲述的内容是列日常待办清单的好处,与本段主题内容相符。故选E项。
④段落标题题。分析语篇可知,此空为本段的小标题,所以与其它段落的小标题句式相同,均为祈使句,根据该段首句Writing down and organizing your thoughts can help you to track and achieve goals.(写下和组织你的想法可以帮助你跟踪和实现目标。)可知,记录自己的想法有助于跟踪和实现自己的目标,所以本段的主题与"记录内容"相关,A选项"记日记",为祈使句,同时讲述的内容与本段主题一致。故选A项。
⑤归纳总结题。根据空格所处的位置在段尾,应是对该段内容的总结,且根据第四题可知,本段讲述的内容与记录相关,所以该空内容仍与此相关,G选项"记录过程将帮助您反映和增强大脑功能",讲述的是记录的过程给大脑带来的好处,与本段内容吻合,​且对该段内容做出总结，符合题意。故选G项。
17、答案：B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.Originally最初地;B.Luckily幸运地;C.Exactly准确地;D.Primarily主要地。根据下句for an elderly woman Violet, her new–found friend has got her back.可知对于一个老年妇女维奥莱特,她的新朋友已经让她重获新生。说明这是非常幸运的。故答案为B。
18、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.reminding提醒;B.attacking攻击;C.driving开车;D.traveling旅行。根据后文Traveling in this level of 10 and luxury has always been Violet's dream so you can just imagine the 11 on her face when she heard Jack's request.可知享受这种舒适奢华的旅行一直是维奥莱特的梦想,所以你可以想象当她听到杰克的请求时脸上的表情。说明她在旅行。故答案为D。
19、答案：C
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.showed off炫耀;B.took away带走;C.struck up开始结交;D.gave out分发。维奥莱特在从纽约旅行途中与杰克交上了朋友。故答案为C。
20、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.difference不同;B.common常识;C.interest兴趣;D.attraction吸引人的东西。根据空后in their backgrounds and life stories, they didn't 5 them from chatting.可知尽管他们的背景和生活故事完全不同,但他们并没有阻止他们聊天。故答案为A。
21、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.save拯救;B.spare抽出;C.conduct做;D.stop停止,阻止。根据后文Jack walked up to Violet on the airplane and requested that she 9 seats with him.可知在飞机上,杰克走向维奥莱特,请求她与他交换座位。说明尽管他们的背景和生活故事完全不同,但他们并没有阻止他们聊天。故答案为D。
22、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.boarded登船;B.observed观察;C.recommended推荐;D.feared害怕。根据下句When they were led into the plane可知当他们被带上飞机时,说明他们已经登上了飞机。故答案为A。
23、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.ownership拥有;B.professorship教授职位;C.membership成员;D.friendship友谊。根据下句Jack walked up to Violet on the airplane and requested that she 9 seats with him.可知在飞机上,杰克走向维奥莱特,请求她与他交换座位。说明他们已经成为了朋友。故答案为D。
24、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.suffering遭受;B.surprise惊讶;C.fare车费;D.trick票。根据后文Traveling in this level of 10 and luxury has always been Violet's dream so you can just imagine the 11 on her face when she heard Jack's request.可知享受这种舒适奢华的旅行一直是维奥莱特的梦想,所以你可以想象当她听到杰克的请求时脸上的表情。说明与他交换座位对于她来说是一个惊喜。故答案为B。
25、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.combine结合;B.charge索要;C.swap交换;D.provide提供。根据下句Traveling in this level of 10 and luxury has always been Violet's dream so you can just imagine the 11 on her face when she heard Jack's request.可知享受这种舒适奢华的旅行一直是瓦奥莱特的梦想,所以你可以想象当她听到杰克的请求时脸上的表情。说明在飞机上,杰克走向维奥莱特,请求她与他交换座位。故答案为C。
26、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.depression压抑;B.comfort舒服;C.excitement兴奋;D.insecurity不安全。根据空后and luxury可知享受这种舒适奢华的旅行一直是维奥莱特的梦想。故答案为B。
27、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.expression表情;B.option选择;C.opinion观点;D.recovery康复。根据常识可知享受这种舒适奢华的旅行一直是维奥莱特的梦想,所以你可以想象当她听到杰克的请求时脸上的表情。故答案为A。
28、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.miss错过;B.pay支付;C.make制作;D.win赢得。但对杰克来说,他只想让维奥莱特开心。make one's day使某人开心。故答案为C。
29、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.right正确的;B.amazing令人惊讶的;C.inseparable不可分离的;D.awkward尴尬的。根据前文Traveling in this level of 10 and luxury has always been Violet's dream so you can just imagine the 11 on her face when she heard Jack's request.可知享受这种舒适奢华的旅行一直是瓦奥莱特的梦想,所以你可以想象当她听到杰克的请求时脸上的表情。说明这次偶遇是非常令人惊讶的。故答案为B。
30、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.happened发生;B.ordered命令;C.limited限制;D.fixed安装。根据上句she wanted to take a photo可知她想拍张照片,因为她知道她的女儿不会相信发生在她身上的事。故答案为A。
31、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.sell卖;B.bring带来;C.throw扔掉;D.send发送。根据后文She shared in the post可知她在帖子里分享了这张照片,说明她把照片发送出去了。故答案为D。
32、答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.regretful后悔的;B.shy害羞的;C.special特殊的;D.friendly友好的。根据下句She shared in the post that she had 17 with athletes like footballers and celebrities like supermodels and Hollywood movie stars, but Jack and Violet were by far her 18 .(她在帖子中分享说,她曾和足球运动员等运动员以及超级模特和好莱坞电影明星等名人一起飞行,但杰克和维奥莱特是她迄今为止最喜欢的。)可知她说对她来说这也是一次特殊的飞行。故答案为C。
33、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lived居住;B.flown飞;C.compromised妥协;D.agreed同意。根据空后with athletes like footballers and celebrities like supermodels and Hollywood movie stars可知她曾和足球运动员等运动员以及超级模特和好莱坞电影明星等名人一起飞行,故答案为B。
34、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.solutions解决方法;B.victims受害者;C.experiences经历;D.favorites最喜欢的东西。根据前文Leah, the attending flight stewardess, helped her take the photo and 15 it to Violet's daughter(空姐莉亚帮她拍了这张照片,并发送给了维奥莱特的女儿)可知杰克和维奥莱特是她迄今为止最喜欢的。故答案为D。
35、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.perfect完美的;B.tough艰难的;C.narrow狭窄的;D.calm冷静的。这个故事是一个很好的例子,说明对你来说,一个小小的善举会对别人产生巨大的影响。故答案为A。
36、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.rescue拯救;B.terrorism恐怖主义;C.kindness善良;D.carelessness粗心。根据常识和空后couldmake a huge difference to someone else.可知对你来说,一个小小的善举会对别人产生巨大的影响。故答案为C。
37、答案：①that/which②at③documented④beings⑤has dropped/has been dropping⑥and⑦relatively⑧living⑨hardest⑩to protect
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:一项为期15年的调查发现,在地面上筑巢的蜜蜂尤其危险。此处引导定语从句,先行词为bees,在从句中作主语,故填that/which。
②考查介词。句意:一项为期15年的调查发现,在地面上筑巢的蜜蜂尤其危险。at risk表示"在危险中",故填at。
③考查过去分词。句意:栖息地的丧失、杀虫剂的使用和其他人类影响往往被认为是近几十年来昆虫数量下降的原因。句中已有谓语动词are,此处为非谓语动词作定语,decline与document之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,故填documented。
④考查可数名词的复数。句意:研究人员发现,即使在只有少数人经常去的森林里,一些蜜蜂和蝴蝶也在减少。空前有a few修饰,故用名词的复数形式,故填beings。
⑤考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意:在过去的15年里,美国东南部一片森林中的蜜蜂和蝴蝶数量急剧下降。时间状语为In the past 15 years,句中用现在完成时,主语为the number of bees and butterflies,助动词用has,故填has dropped/has been dropping。
⑥考查连词。句意:2007年至2022年间,研究人员对格鲁吉亚北部三个森林地区的昆虫进行了五次调查。between...and...表示"在……和……之间",故填and。
⑦考查副词。句意:这些地点相对来说没有受到人类的干扰,也没有常见的入侵植物。此处用副词作状语修饰were undisturbed,故填relatively。
⑧考查现在分词。句意:入侵昆虫也可能是罪魁祸首,尤其是像生活在空心树干中的割叶蜜蜂这样的蜜蜂的数量减少。句中已有谓语动词maybe,此处为非谓语动词作定语,leaf-cutting bees与live之间主动关系,故用现在分词作定语,故填living。
⑨考查最高级。句意:研究人员表明,在所有物种中,切叶蜂是受影响最严重的物种,可能是因为外国的木巢蜜蜂可能会在筑巢地点击败它们,或者是因为它们的巢穴无法保护它们免受更高的温度的影响。结合句意和the可知,此处用最高级,故填hardest。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意:研究人员表明,在所有物种中,切叶蜂是受影响最严重的物种,可能是因为外国的木巢蜜蜂可能会在筑巢地点击败它们,或者是因为它们的巢穴无法保护它们免受更高的温度的影响。fail to do表示"未能做成某事",故填to protect。
38、答案：
Dad and I to my grandparents' home last weekend. Besides my grandparents, we wanted to help them to have the broadband network . Dad asked the communication company to do it in advance. A technician came on time and finished his work . Then it was my turn. I just taught my grandparents to use their smart phones step by step. Soon learned to read news, shop online do something else. They showed much interest in video chat, which they thought was the most useful . Now, I usually chat my grandparents online.
39、答案：
Dear Jim,
Aiming to let us know more about the harmonious rural life and unique rural culture, our school will organize us to visit a nearby village this Saturday morning. We'll meet at the school gate at 8:00 am and then go there by bus. I would like to invite you to join us.
The visit focuses on new rural construction. First, we'll visit the buildings of unified planning in the village, including housing and canteens. Besides, we'll see a modern farm. It features some greenhouses, where farmers can grow green vegetables all year round.
So I believe the activity will help you better understand China, Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua