甘肃省兰州第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试卷（含答案）

甘肃省兰州第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

    Still waiting for your letter to arrive by owl (猫头鹰)? Don’t worry. You can still lose yourself in the magical world of Harry Potter, just by following this four-day route.

    Day 1 Overview Edinburgh

    It was in Scotland’s capital city that J.K. Rowling started to plot the adventures of Harry and his fellows. With stoned streets, winding alleys and medieval (中世纪的) architecture, the city certainly has a few things in common with the settings from the books and films. She wrote the early chapters in various cafés around the city’s Old Towns.

    Day 2 Overview travel to Fort William

    Travel by train from Edinburgh to Glasgow and from there, and you can take the West Highland Line to Fort William. This is a great way to see some famous spots from the window, including the mysterious Rannoch Moor, the place where Death Eaters board the train in the movie Harry Potter and The Deathly Hallows.

    Day 3 Overview all aboard the Hogwarts express

    Witness the sweeping cinematic scenery straight out of the eight successful films by booking a seat on the Jacobite Steam Train, which travels from Fort William to Mallaig along the West Highland Line. Stop for lunch in Mallaig and then make the return journey to Fort William. Please be sure to book the steam train in advance, as it is a very popular experience. It opens for the season in April.

    Day 4 Overview lakes and valleys

    In the films, mysterious, misty landscapes frame (衬托) the background of Harry’s tale, so it’s no surprise that the producers chose the Highlands for many scenes. Spend a day wandering through some of these beautiful spots and feel the magical atmosphere.

1、Where did J.K.Rowling first start to create Harry Potter?

A. In Mallaig. B. In Edinburgh. C. In Glasgow. D. In Fort William.

2、What are you required to do if you want to take the steam train?

A. Have lunch earlier than usual. B. Learn about the return ticket.

C. Make a reservation beforehand. D. Take a training course in April

3、On which day can you experience the producers' favorite settings?

A. Day 1. B. Day 2.  C. Day 3. D. Day 4.

    About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.

    I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.

    The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special.

    “Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried.

    My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table!

    Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.

    Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance.

    The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.

    Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.

Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.

4、What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1?

A. Its tank grew dirty. B. Its old skin came off.

C. It got a skin disease. D. It went missing.

5、Why did the author's husband have banana pudding for his birthday?

A. The birthday cake was ruined. B. The author made good puddings.

C. Pudding was his favorite dessert. D. They couldn't afford a birthday cake.

6、Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage?

A. To prove a theory.  B. To define a concept.

C. To develop the theme. D. To provide the background.

7、What does the author most likely want to tell us?

A. Love of family helps us survive great hardships.

B. It's not the end of the world if we break things.

C. We should move on no matter what happens.

D. Past experiences should be treasured.

    Citigroup is making progress toward shrinking its gender pay gap. But it still has some work to do. Globally, the bank's female employees earned 27% less than men did, according to a new report from the company. That's a slight improvement over the 29% gender pay gap Citigroup reported for 2018.

    This year's analysis also found that the median income for minority workers in the US was 6% less than the median income for non-minorities, down from 7% last year.

    These "raw gap" numbers are not adjusted for seniority(年资), job title or location, Citigroup said. The company began releasing numbers on gender pay in recent years amid pressure from investors. "The pay gap reflects a need to increase representation of women and US minorities in senior and higher-paying roles," wrote Sara Wechter, Citigroup's head of human resources, in a blog post.

    When adjusted in terms of job titles, seniority and location, women at Citigroup earned 1% less than their male counterparts, according to the report.

    Citigroup said that following a review of its global pay, it made pay adjustments as part of this year's compensation cycle according to the blog post.

    The company also said it has committed to increasing representation at the assistant vice president through managing director levels to at least 40% for women globally and 8% for black employees in the US by the end of 2021.

    "Continuing to reduce our raw pay gap requires that we make progress on our representation goals," Wechter wrote.

    Across the US, female full-time, year-round workers were paid 82 cents for every dollar earned by a man, which is a gender pay gap of 18%, according to the Institute for Women's Policy Research. And that may be underestimating the pay gap because when looking at pay over a 15-year period, women made just half of what men earned.

    According to the IWPR, at the current rate of change it will take 40 years for women to achieve pay parity(对等). For women of color, it would take even longer.

    A reporting rule put into place in the UK in 2018 requires companies with more than 250 employees to report data on gender pay disparities. Advocates for equal pay in the US are asking for similar disclosure requirements because research has shown that company disclosure leads to closing pay gaps.

8、The underlined phrase "raw gap" is closest in meaning to _____.

A. new space  B. unrealistic difference

C. original difference  D. potential space

9、According to Sara Wechter, the pay gap requires ______.

A. the decrease of representation of men in senior and higher-paying roles

B. the only need to improve the pay of female employees

C. that people should only shrink gender pay gap

D. the increase of representation of women and US minorities in senior and higher-paying roles

10、What can we learn from the passage?

A. Citigroup has finished shrinking its gender pay gap so far.

B. If the wage is adjusted in terms of job titles, seniority and location, women at Citigroup will earn more than men there.

C. For women of color in US, it would be easier to achieve pay parity.

D. Citigroup will increase representation at the assistant vice president of women and black employees in the US by the end of 2021.

11、What's the theme of the passage?

A. The development of Citigroup.

B. Citigroup is shrinking its pay gap.

C. The story of female employees in Citigroup.

D. Men earns more than female counterparts in Citigroup.

    In China, most sleep or bedtime procrastinators(拖延者) are workers on the soul-sapping and horribly common 9-9- 6 schedule (9am-9pm, six days a week) who, despite being exhausted, use their late-night, post-work hours to claw back some sense of self, even when they know they should be sleeping.

    My situation—two small children plus full-time job—is embarrassingly far from their experience, and yet many of us in the west find ourselves doing the same things. The revenge bit—which might be better translated as “retaliatory”—is that we are avenging ourselves against our busy lives, either by staying up too late or by not going to sleep once in bed, often because we’re on our screens.

    Dr. Lindsay Browning, sleep specialist and author of a new book, Navigating Sleeplessness, agrees “I am seeing many more clients who describe staying up later because they need alone time.” In China, it’s young people working brutal hours, but in Europe, studies suggest it’s also parents and students. But sleep procrastination can affect anyone who struggles with stress, extended working hours or inadequate downtime, which, in pandemic times, puts many more of us at risk.

    Earlier this year, Caroline Newte Hardie set up Peace+Riot, a family-friendly cafe-bar in south London, specifically to give knackered parents more support. But long hours working on a new business have exacerbated her revenge procrastination habit. “If I finish working at midnight, I need an hour, as I’m wired, even though I’m tired. Before I had kids I never needed time to myself, but now I need at least an hour to catch my breath, especially if I’ve spent the day in problem-solving mode. If I went straight to bed, my life would be just work-childcare-work-childcare.”

    One downside is that sleep vacancy has been shown to make us more likely to procrastinate the next day. “But lack of sleep increases impulsivity, which increases your likelihood of sleep procrastination. It’s almost a self-fulfilling prophecy that the less sleep that we get, the more impulsive we become and the more vulnerable we are to sleep procrastination.” “The consequences of sleep deprivation are endless,” says Dr. Chris Winter, neurologist, sleep specialist and author of The Rested Child and The Sleep Solution. “Cognitive decline, cardiovascular disease, stroke, obesity, diabetes, and numerous short-term performance issues—mood, concentration, memory, attention, decision-making—are all affected.” As Walker puts it: “The shorter your sleep, the shorter your lifespan.”

12、What will Caroline probably do if she finishes working at midnight?

A. Go out to catch her breath. B. Go on solving problems unsettled.

C. Spend some time on her children. D. Spend some time on her own blog.

13、What would be talked about if there were a following paragraph?

A.The complexity of sleep vacancy.

B.The occurrence of sleep procrastination.

C.The approaches to enhancing your sleep.

D.The necessity of promoting a healthy lifestyle.

14、What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Why are we so bad at going to bed?

B. What is to blame for shorter lifespan?

C. How can sleep procrastination affect people?

D. Whether staying up later is acceptable or not?

15、In which section can you read the passage in the newspaper?

A. Science  B. Health C. Society D. Culture

二、七选五

16、    There is a famous saying: "A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life". If you live one hundred years, that only equates to twelve hundred months—and when you break it down even further into days, hours and minutes, it gets more frightening. ①_____ Well, quite simply put: life is short. Spending eight hours every day in a sound sleep means you're losing a third of your life to bed. So, the question is: is eight hours the exact amount we need, or is it just a myth?

    While most scientists agree that between seven and nine hours a night is the optimal amount, this is just a rough estimate. ②_____ It seems that the amount of sleep you need depends upon your age—with infants needing much more than adults. What does seem apparent is that around seven and a half hours' sleep is a good amount.      

    ③_____ One group slept for six and a half and the other for seven and a half hours per night. While some findings were predictable—irritation and lower concentration in the group who slept less, there were some more surprising findings. ④_____ Genes associated with inflammation(炎症), the immune system and stress response became more active. The team also observed increases in the activity of genes related to diabetes and risk of cancer.

    That myths regarding sleep are constantly perpetuated is one of the biggest issues. For example, have you ever heard that you can train yourself to need less or no sleep? ⑤_____ We will always need a certain amount of sleep—eight hours might not be the exact sweet spot, and there are factors like age to take into consideration but one thing is true—there is a certain amount we do actually need.

A. It's simply not true.

B. Why is it relevant?

C. It's really not the condition in reality.

D. The genes of people who had less sleep were affected.

E. In a study, the effects of sleep were monitored.

F. Why do we have such feelings like that?

G. In truth, it's a little more complicated than that.

三、完形填空（15空）

    One Monday morning, while the children were enjoying “free play”, I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a    1    . Suddenly, I    2    a movement of the heavy wooden door. This was the very door I    3    guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold. I felt a chill go through my body.

    My legs carried me to that door, and I pushed it open. It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was    4    that day. He had been dropped off at school late and was    5    to open the door.

    He must have been    6    there for quite a while! Without a word, I    7    him to the hospital. He was treated for frostbite on his hands. He’d need time to    8    , and wouldn’t come for class the next day, I thought.

    The next morning, one of the first to    9    was my little frostbitten boy. Not only did he run in with    10    , but his    11    could be heard as loud as ever! I gave him a warm hug and told him how    12    I was to see him. His words have stayed with me all these years, “I knew you would open the door.”

    That cold Monday morning, he waited a long, long while for adults to    13    . To a child, every minute feels like forever. He didn’t    14    to walk back home; he waited and trusted. This five-year-old taught me a powerful lesson in    15    .

17、A. breath B. break C. risk D. photo

18、A.caused B.checked C.spotted D.imagined

19、A.hesitantly B.randomly C.dizzily D.carefully

20、A.absent B.angry C.special D.noisy

21、A.courageous  B.content C.unable D.unwilling

22、A. crying B. waiting C. sleeping D. shouting

23、A. advised B. rushed C. took D. asked

24、A.recover B.play C.change D.wait

25、A.settle B.gather C.arrive D.react

26、A.force B. strength C. power D. energy

27、A.sneeze B.weep C.complaint D.laughter

28、A.lucky B.happy C.curious D.nervous

29、A.turn up B.pull up C.hold up D.line up

30、A.try B. determined C. attempt D. meant

31、A.gratitude B.forgiveness C.faith D.kindness

四、短文填空

32、    ChatGPT is an ①_____(advance) AI chatbot trained by OpenAI that interacts in a conversational way. The dialogue format allows ChatGPT ②_____(answer) follow-up questions, admit mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests.

    It ③_____(reach) 100 million users since it was launched, according to analysts.

    GPT technology can help people write code quickly and accurately by using natural language as a prompt. GPT can take a text prompt and generate code ④_____(tailor) to the given task. This technology can ⑤_____(potential) reduce development time, as it can quickly and accurately generate code. It can also help reduce the risk of errors, as GPT can generate code ⑥_____ can be tested and used immediately.

    Google ⑦_____(feed) coding interview questions to ChatGPT and, based ⑧_____ the AI's answers, determined it would be hired for a level three engineering position, according to an internal document.

    In ⑨_____(add), it is reported that researchers recently put ChatGPT through the United States Medical Licensing exam. In ⑩_____ December report, ChatGPT "performed at or near the passing threshold(通过线) for all three exams without any training or reinforcement."

五、书面表达

33、假定你是李华, 美国“汉语桥(Chinese Bridge)”网上冬令营组织方正在网上征集活动内容, 欢迎网友献计献策。请你给组织方写一封建议信, 内容包括:

1. 你建议的活动(至少两项):

2. 你的理由;

3. 你的希望。

注意:

1. 写作词数应为80左右:

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear committee members,

    I'm glad to know that

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

六、读后续写

34、阅读下面短文，根据其内容及所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

    “Missy,” I cried to my wife. “Did you put this banana skin on my desk?” “No, honey, Meghan probably did.” As I’d feared, she had missed the real purpose of my question, which was to make it clear to her that she hadn’t done her job of defending my desk against the invader—our naughty girl. I abandoned the conversation.

    I sat at my desk and stared at the screen. I waited patiently for ideas to come to me as I tried to think up exam questions for a test I would give my English students. My wife was off to a party somewhere, but I was not alone. Meghan, our 22-month-old angel, kept me company. Yet her plans seemed to go against mine.

    She followed a daily routine that was both time-consuming and challenging. It included certain basic tasks: watching the fish, sweeping the floor in her room, climbing up and down on her bed.

    At first I was able to concentrate on designing my test paper. But I was soon sidetracked. I had not counted on the arrival of the “bib-bibs”—“bib-bibs” were birds. “Bib-bibs, bib-bibs!” Meghan screamed excitedly, her eyes alive with expectation. She insisted that I come with her to the window.

    “In a minute. Just let me finish this question.” I said. She pulled me by the hand (two fingers, actually) toward the window. I saw myself as a fool, being led to watch the “bib-bibs”. They chattered and leaped back and forth on the lawn just outside our apartment window. Meghan was absorbed, but as I watched them, I still thought about my work. With her attention off me, I left the window and went back to my desk.

    Five minutes later, she returned. She reached up to my keyboard and pressed a bunch of keys, adding a long line of scrabbled letters to my question. I struggled to bring my annoyance under control. “No, thank you, Meghan. Daddy’s seen your work. I’ll do it myself.” She backed off.

注意:

1. 所续写短文的总词数应为150左右；

2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

Paragraph 1:

    It was not long before she stood in front of me, holding her shoes and socks.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

    I finally surrendered myself to the “little queen” and took her to the park.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1、答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据Day 1 Overview Edinburgh部分下的It was in Scotland's capital city that J.K. Rowling started to plot the adventures of Harry and his fellows. (正是在苏格兰的首都，J.K.罗琳开始策划哈里和他的伙伴们的冒险。)可知, J.K罗琳在爱丁堡开始创作《哈利波特》的，故选B。

2、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据Day 3 Overview all aboard the Hogwarts express部分中的Please be sure to book the steam train in advance, as it is a very popular experience. (请务必提前预订蒸汽火车，因为这是一种非常受欢迎的体验。)可知，如果你想乘坐蒸汽火车,你需要提前预定，故选C。

3、答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据Day 4 Overview lakes and valleys部分中的In the films, mysterious, misty landscapes frame (衬托) the background of Harry's tale, so it's no surprise that the producers chose the Highlands for many scenes. (在电影中， 神秘、朦胧的风景构成了哈利故事的背景，所以制片人选择在高地拍摄许多场景也就不足为奇了。)可知，在第四天你可以体验到制片人最喜欢拍摄的场景，故选D。

4、答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据原文第一段Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with it sold skin flowing behind it.(几秒钟后,我们的蜥蜴从水箱里出来,老皮肤在后面拖着)可知旧的皮肤脱落了。B选项"Its old skin came off它旧的皮肤脱落了"正确,故选B。

5、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据原文第六段my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere.(我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上,抓起一个玻璃花瓶。它掉下来摔碎在蛋糕旁边。蛋糕里到处都是细小的玻璃碎片。)可知丈夫生日蛋糕被毁了。A选项"The birthday cake was ruined生日蛋糕毁了"正确,故选A。

6、答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据原文第七段After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michacl Jordan documentary(纪录片) series The Last Dance.经过几个令人沮丧的小时的不成功的尝试修复它,我丈夫建议看迈克乔丹跟纪录片系列跳最后一支舞。可知这是一种挪谕的手法。C选项"To develop the theme展开一个主题"符合题意,故选C。

7、答案：C

解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章最开始通过蜥蜴的脱皮,联想到生活中的种种事例,人应该让过去的都过去,继续往前行,往未来看。C选项"We should move on no matter what happens.无论发生什么,我们都应该继续前进"符合题意,故选C。

8、答案：C

9、答案：D

10、答案：D

11、答案：B

12、答案：D

13、答案：C

14、答案：A

15、答案：C

16、答案：BGEDA

17、答案：B

18、答案：C

19、答案：D

20、答案：A

21、答案：C

22、答案：B

23、答案：B

24、答案：A

25、答案：C

26、答案：D

27、答案：D

28、答案：B

29、答案：A

30、答案：C

31、答案：C

32、答案：①advanced②to answer③has reached④tailored⑤potentially⑥that/which⑦fed⑧on⑨addition⑩a

33、答案：

Dear committee members.

    I am glad to know that you are making a call for events for your Chinese Bridge online winter camp. I'd like to share my ideas with you. First, I’d like to recommend you a short video about the origination of the Chinese characters. Full of great fun, the video will arouse foreigners' interest in Chinese characters. Secondly, you can hold a storytelling competition to spread Chinese culture. The winners can obtain a chance to personally experience Chinese culture in China, thus attracting more participants. Thirdly, a movie about modern China can be shown, followed by a discussion among the campers. This can further campers’ understanding of China, building a good bridge between China and the outside world.

    I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestions into consideration. Hoping your camp will be a great success!

Yours,

Li Hua

解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国“汉语桥(Chinese Bridge)”网上冬令营组织方写一封建议信，内容包括：1. 你建议的活动(至少两项)；2. 你的理由；3. 你的希望。

1.词汇积累

首先：first→first of all

充满：be full of→be filled with

想要做某事：would like to do sth.→feel like doing sth.

举办、组织：hold→organize

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Full of great fun, the video will arouse foreigners’ interest in Chinese characters.

拓展句：The video is full of great fun, which will arouse foreigners’ interest in Chinese characters.

【高分句型1】This can further campers’ understanding of China, building a good bridge between China and the outside world. (运用了现在分词作状语)

【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestions into consideration. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)

34、答案：

    It was not long before she stood in front of me, holding her shoes and socks. I got it—she wanted me to take her out to the park. I pretended I hadn't paid attention. She stepped forward, staring at me with her innocent eyes. "Leave me alone for a while, Meghan," I said without looking at her. After a few seconds, out of the corner of my eye, I saw tears rolling down her cheek. I felt so terrible that I regretted what I had said. I had to correct my mistake.

    I finally surrendered myself to the “little queen” and took her to the park. I turned to her and said, "Sorry, let's go to see more ‘bib-bibs’!" She was so excited that she smiled through tears. I held her hand as we walked outside. Wandering through the park, Meghan was like a free bird enjoying herself in the wide blue sky. Seeing her smiley face, I felt much happier than I would have been doing my work. I could catch up on it in the evening. Work can always wait, but love cannot. (156)