技巧06 如何用好分词-高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练

这是一份技巧06 如何用好分词-高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练，共19页。试卷主要包含了一般型结构，独立主格结构，垂悬分词，特征类分词升华人物/场景描述，独立主格结构增添叙事活力，垂悬分词让表达更紧凑等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练
技巧06 如何用好分词

分词的结构
1.一般型结构
一般型结构是指分词或分词短语在句子中充当状语时，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致 (逻辑主语是非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者；它们在逻辑上存在着主谓关系或动宾关系，但不能直接作非谓语动词的主语，因此叫逻辑主语。如：
Opening the drawer, he took out a revolver.（其中 opening 是分词，它的逻辑主语是句子主语he）
现在分词和过去分词在一般型中的区别：两种分词作状语是，都可表时间，原因，条件，让步，方式， 伴随等。但是，现在分词表主动关系，过去分词表被动关系 。如：
Stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.(分词stepping的逻辑主语是he，和句子主语he一致，且he和stepping 是主动关系，所以用动词 step 的现在分词形式)
Once published,this book will be very popular.(分词 published 的逻辑主语是this book，和句子主语一致，且 this book 和published是被动关系，所以用动词 publish 的过去分词形式)
判断分词作状语时，到底该用现在分词还是过去分词，主要看要作分词的动词和句子的主语是什么关系 。主动 关系就用现在分词，被动关系就用过去分词 。如：
the news, they were all excited. (用动词hear的分词形式填空 )
at by everybody, she had my sympathy. (用动词laugh的分词形式填空 )
上述句子中，动词hear和句子主语they 是主动关系，所以应用 hear 的现 在分词形式 hearing；动词laugh和句子主语she是被动关系，所以应用laugh的过去分词形式laughed.
2.独立主格结构
当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，则应将分词的逻辑主 语补出来，且放置分词之前，这种分词结构被称作独立主格结构。独立主格结构的特点有：独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是分词，前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系；独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在；分词与前面的名词或代词，是主谓关系；独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
现在分词和过去分词都有独立主格结构 。逻辑主语都需要补出来。但是，现在分词与逻辑主语是主动关系，过去分词与逻辑主语是被动关系。例如：
The girl staring at him , he didn’t know what to say. (句中现在分词staring与逻辑主语the girl 是主动关系，相当于As the girl stared at him, …）
Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. （句中过去分词done与逻辑主语her work 是被动关系，相 当 于 When her work was done, …）
3.垂悬分词
分词的主语既不与句子主语一致，分词本身又非独立主格结构，这种分词在语法上被称作垂悬分词，也叫无依着分词。垂悬分词从起源上来说，是语言的错误使用，即将分词的主语与句子的主语错误联系，从而产生垂悬分词，所以有人又叫它错关联分词 。
垂悬分词通常出现在句子开头或接近开头的位置，与句子中的其 它成分不产生必要的句法关系，特别是它与句子主语无逻辑关系。鉴于这种特点，垂悬分词别名为：独立分词或孤立分词。现在分词和过去分词都可用作垂悬分词 。垂悬分词多数为现在分词，少数为过去分词 。例如：
Being Christmas，the government offices were close. (句中being为现在分词，它的逻辑主语既不是句子主语 the government,前面也没有放置逻辑主语)
Granted that you are right，you should not get angry.(句中granted 是过去分词， 它的逻辑主语既不是句子主语 you,前面也没有放置逻辑主语)
垂悬分词与一般分词不一样，是一种超常规的语言现象，但其用途与形式相对固定，应引起我们足够的重视。正因为垂悬分词的使用场合及数量相对有限，英语学习者一方面要学会理解并掌握这一超常语言现象，另一方面切记不要将其它一般分词 (遵循主谓一致原则)模仿垂悬分词使用，因为毕竟垂悬分词的产生源于错误联系，违反了主谓一致原则。
分词作状语时的歧义排除方式
英语分词在句子中作状语时，常用来表 示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式和伴随情况等意义。分词状语前有时有连接词时，连接词作其类别符号，这些类别符号明确地界定了分词的语法范畴和语义范畴。 当分词前没有这些类别符号时，其状语意义有时就显得模糊、不确定，甚至产生歧义。分词状语的歧义范围通 常在时间、条件、原因及让步意义之间。
（1）分词兼作时间和条件状语，语句以充足理由表述客观规律。例如：
Healed, water changes into vapor.
上述句子有两种描述：
When healed, water changes into vapor.
If healed, water changes into vapor.
（2）分词兼作时间和原因状语，反映了时序关系与因果关系的紧密联系.。例如：
Healed, water changed into vapor.
上述句子有两种描述：
When healed, the water changed into vapor.
Because it was healed, the water changed into vapor.
（3）分词兼作原因和让步状语，反映了 对因果规律的不同心理预设。例如：
Weighing about eighty kilos, the box couldn’t be carried by the porter alone.
上述句子有两种解释：
Since the box weighed about eighty kilos, the porter couldn’t carry it by himself alone.
Although the box weighed about eighty kilos, the porter couldn’t carry it by himself alone.
综上所述，分词兼作时间状语和条件状语时，可以用 when 或者 if 描述其深层结构，这类语句一般表述客观规律或者客观真理。这一语言现象的逻辑意义为：以when为时序关联词的语句含有全称肯定假言命题，以if 为条件关联词的语句含有充分条件假言命题。原因状语有时与时间、条件或让步状语兼类。分词兼作时间状语和原因状语的现象反映了时序关系和因果关系的逻辑联系：时序关系是因果关系的前提，因果关系透过事物发展时序，揭示事物发展规律；分词兼作条件状语和原因状语时，语句以充足理由表述事物的因果规律；分词兼作原因状语和让步状语时，无论作哪种释义，语句所隐含的因果规律都是同一的，所不同的只是说话人对结果的心理预设不同。
分词作状语在续写中的运用
在读后续写中， 要提高读后续写的语言表达能力，仅仅强调词汇和语法学习是远远不够的。我们除了掌握读后续写常用的一些词语外，在平时的学习中还要注意积累一些常用句式，特别是分词与状语从句的转换与使用，并晨读背诵、默写、仿写，最后做到在读后续写中运用自如。
一、用分词为读后续写增色的策略
1.心理状态类分词凸显人物情绪状态
例如：Knowing that she was ill, he was so worried that he even forgot to eat dinner.
Delightedly realizing that he was coming to help her, she sat down in relief.
2.感官类分词突出人物的动作回应
例如：Seeing /Watching the bear tearing down the fence, she was thrilled with terror.
Glancing at the dark forest in the distance, she stepped back to the cabin in anxiety.
Feeling nervous, he stood there frozen.
3.反思类分词提升人物对事件的认知
例如：Thinking that she would see her son soon, she walked quickly towards her house and was wearing a big smile.
Recalling/Thinking back on the days they spent together, she felt cherished and expressed the gratitude to those things he did for her.
4.情感情绪类分词强化人物的心理体验
例如：Cherishing the gratitude towards the villagers, he pick the phone with the purpose of sharing some heartfelt words with them.
Overwhelmed with terror, she just ran as quickly as he could to get out of the old castle.
Exhausted by the gossips, he finally left her and let go of all the memories there.
5.“否定祈使句+典型动作类分词”深化表述目的
例如：Don’t just stand there to do nothing, everything waving at you in fact.
Don’t hesitate to attend the party, joining your fellows and sharing your happiness.
6.特征类分词升华人物/场景描述
例如：Characterized by the beautiful seaside, the city is always crowded with laughter and cheers of the tourists.
Featured by the quietness, it is a good place to relax yourself there.
Characterized by the shyness before the public, she is always cautious when among the students.
7.独立主格结构增添叙事活力
例如： She saw the bear approaching quickly, her legs shaking.
He walked into the classroom with joy, his hands holding the prize high.
She didn’t know how to answer her son, her heart broken.
8.垂悬分词让表达更紧凑
例如：Speaking of the plan of the journey, the children were always filled with joy and hope as well.
Judging from her clothes, we know that she was still worried and had no interest in makeup.
二、利用分词整合续写语篇的策略举例
在整合读后续写语篇的过程中，我们可以利用分词结构，进一步优化句子表达，让叙事、描写、抒情更加有力度。
（2020，新高考I卷）The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy -his name was Bernard-had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him,” she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. “He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money,” said Clara. “His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成).”
The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. “I tell you what we can do,” said John. “You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn(爆米花), and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too.
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With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.
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文章讲述了热心的Mrs. Meredith与孩子们得知Bernard 家的生活困难后， 想办法帮助他挣钱补贴家用 的故事。文章给出的部分讲到 Mrs. Meredith的三个孩子想 出“做爆米花去卖”的主意，后面的内容则需要我们去续写。根据给定的续写段落的两个首句，我们可以推断续写段 落1的内容应包括：三个孩子积极准备， 最后成功邀请Bernard加人卖爆米花的活动中；而续写段落2的内容则应包括：Bernard卖爆米花的过程，以及他的感受。在叙事的过程中，我们可以在文中灵活运用分词状语结构，让续写语篇的整体表达效果得到提升。例如：
Paragraph 1:
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. Having exchanged glances with Mrs. Meredith, John immediately arranged different tasks for Harry and Clara. Harboring great excitement, Harry and Clara ran out, intending to borrow a popcorn machine. And John, overwhelmed with joy too, dashed to Bernard’s home. It was in a flash that John found Bernard, and told him his plan. “Don’t hesitate to join us, contributing to some family income.”John added, voice laden with expectation. Facing this gracious invitation, Bernard was at a loss for what to say. No sooner had he nodded than John grasped his hand and dragged him away.Later, these children got together at John’s home and started to make popcorn.
Paragraph 2:
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. At the beginning, characterized by the shyness, Bernard failed to sell some popcorn.However, encouraged by John, he gradually gain courage and sold some popcorn successfully. With time going by, Bernard attracted a large quantity of people. Therefore, it didn’t take long before Bernard sold all his popcorn. Seeing the money brought by his labor, he couldn’t help jumping with excitement. The next two minutes witnessed the boy run jumping to Mrs.Meredith. “Thank you, Mrs. Meredith.”Bernard said simply in front of this Lady, eyes seeming to shine with tears. “Boy, it’s also a pleasure to help you. Go home to help your father. ”said the kind women, face radiating boundless love.
上述范文中划横线的分词状语有效地传达了有关动作、情感以及特征等信息，同时也丰富了句式结构，为续写语篇增色、增效。

1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
In 1994 an 8.2 earthquake hit America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. As soon as the earthquake was over, a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.
After the unforgettably initial shock, he remembered the promise he had made to his son: “No matter what happens, I`ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his promise to his son.
He began to draw his attention towards where he walked his son to class at school each morning. Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he rushed there and started digging through the ruins.
As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, with a broken heart, shouting: “My son!” “My daughter!” Other well meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school, saying: “It’s too late! They’re all dead! You can’t help! Go home! Come on, face reality, there’s nothing you can do!”
To each parent he responded with one line: “Are you going to help me now?” And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. The firefighters showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins, saying, “Fires are breaking out, explosions are happening everywhere. You’re in danger. We’ll take care of it. Go home.” However, the father asked, “Are you going to help me now?” The police came and said, “You’re anxious and it’s over. You’re endangering others. Go home. We’ll handle it!” Again, he replied, “Are you going to help me now?” No one helped.
Paragraph 1:
The father went on alone because he needed to know for himself: “Is my boy alive or is he dead?”
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Paragraph 2:
Everyone began to help him pull the kids out of the ruins.
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2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a little boy, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stonewalls, the house and barn provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me. I was used to the city’s bright and neat living rooms which always seemed to whisper, “Not to be touched!”
I can still remember one afternoon when I was eight years old. Since my first visit to the farm, I’d wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stonewalls surrounding the property. My parents would never approve. The walls were old: some stones were missing, others loose and crumbling (倒塌). Still, my desire to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally, one spring afternoon, I picked up all my courage and entered the living room, where the adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.
“I, uh, I want to climb the stonewalls,” I said hesitantly. Everyone looked up. “Can I climb the stonewalls?” Instantly a sound went up from the women in the room. “Oh, no!” they cried in shock. “Fred, you’ll hurt yourself!” I wasn’t too disappointed; the response was just as I’d expected. But before I could leave the room, I was stopped by my grandfather’s booming voice. “Now hold on just a minute,” I heard him say, “Let the boy climb the stone-walls. He has to learn to do things for himself.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Scoot (快走),” he said to me with a wink (眨眨眼), “and come and see me when you get back.”
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Many years have passed since then, and I am now a host of a well-known television program.
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3．阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Biggest Dog on the Mountain
We liked hiking together. Today, we were looking for a trail over Wallace Mountain.
”It’s been over an hour,” said Jessc, my nineteen-year-old son. “Do you think the trail still exists?” We had explored several paths but with no luck. We pushed through weeds mid-calf high for us, but neck-high for our rusty-brown dog, Shadow. Once in a while, we would call Shadow back when she was attracted by the pleasant smell of flowers. No longer slim and bouncing with energy, Shadow was the size of a large house cat, and always content to curl up on the couch beside one of us.
Suddenly, we heard what sounded like many dogs barking in the distance, an unusual sound in the wilderness around us. Curious, we climbed the ridge (山脉), only to find what seemed like a dog factory. Small dogs, big dogs, brown dogs, and dogs I can’t even describe poured out. The hounds (猎狗) hit the ground, sniffing the air and turning to face us. Before long, they went down from their side of the mountain. Jesse shot an alarmed glance at me before turning to call in a firm voice, “Shadow, come here, stay.”
I patted my pockets, feeling for the pepper spray (防狼喷雾), so small it would never work against so many animals. I turned, surveying the nearby brush for a potential weapon. With the help of adrenaline (肾上腺素), I broke off two thick branches from a tree and rushed to Jesse’s side, “Here you are!” “OK,” he said, “Dad, they are coming to us.” My-mouth went dry. I glanced over at Jesse, his lips pinched (夹紧) tight.
The pack emerged from the valley, marching straight toward us. The dogs in the lead were now close enough for us to see that most of them were three times larger than Shadow. With deep growls (怒吼声)，they ran straight for us. Jesse swallowed hard and looked at me.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Shadow’s back fur rose.
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Surprisingly, the entire mass of dogs turned tail and fled.
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4．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When two-year old Frankie-Rae Hockney took her first shaky steps across the livingroom, her mother cried. Although watching a child walk for the first time is an exciting moment for any parent, for Mary-Ella Tuppenney-Hockney it was a milestone she neverthought her daughter would meet.
Frankie-Rae was born with a rare chromosomal anomaly (染色体异常) called 17p 13.1 microdeletion syndrome, of which there are only 21 known cases. Doctors explained that they only had five different case studies who had the condition and so there were lots of uncertainties about her future. As a result, when she was born, Mary-Ella, 36, and dad Ben Hockney, 37,were warned that she might never walk or talk. They both broke down in tears, not knowing what life would hold for their daughter.
Mary-Ella is a dance teacher and she runs her own dance school in Oxfordshire and so dancing is a huge part of their lives. So she thought it was heart-breaking to think that Frankie-Rae wouldnever be able to be part of that. However, Frankie-Rae quickly beganseeing experts in occupational health. Despite all her problems, she grew into such a happy, smiley little girl who loved listening to music and waving (挥舞) along to it.
“Because she couldn’t walk as she got bigger, we needed a special pushchair and the one available on the NHS wasn’t suitable for her needs,” Mary-Ella explains. Fortunately, the Carter Trust stepped in to give Frankie-Rae one that worked. It meant her parents could take her shopping with them on weekends and out to the park. It made such a huge difference to her and the family. But Mary -Ella felt guilty for taking the money from the charity.
That’s when Frankie -Rae’s elder sister Georgie-Ellyn, eight, came up with the idea of fundraising (募捐) for the charity that helped them. As a result, the family got together, organizing some activities such as selling second-hand clothes and books. They also held aparty inviting those who cared for the charity.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
However, it was Frankie-Rae’s shaky steps that inspired people most.
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Frankie Rae is such a smiley happy little girl that she brings hope to all that meet her.
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5．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Due to a medical misdiagnosis (误诊), Susan, 34, had been left sightless, and was suddenly thrown into a word of darkness, anger, frustration and self-pity. And all she had to depend on was her husband, Mark.
Mark was an officer and he loved Susan with all his heart. When she first lost her sight, he watched her sink into despair and was determined to help his wife gain the strength and confidence to become independent again.
With Mark’s encouragement, Susan felt ready to return to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but was now too frightened to get around the city by herself. Mark volunteered to drive her to work. Soon, however, Mark realized the arrangement wasn’t working. Susan is going to have to start taking the bus again. But she was still so fragile, so angry, how would she react?
Just as he predicted, Susan was scared at the idea of taking the bus again. “I’m blind!” she responded bitterly. “How am I supposed to know where I am going? I feel like you’re abandoning me.”
Mark’s heart broke to hear these words, but he knew what had to be done. He promised Susan he would ride the bus with her until she got the hang of it. And that is exactly what happened. For two solid weeks, Mark, military uniform and all, accompanied Susan to and from work. He taught her how to rely on her other senses, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment. He helped her befriend the bus drivers who could watch out for her, and save her a seat.
Finally, Susan decided to try the trip on her own. Mark encouraged her but he decided to continue watching out for her where she got off the bus, only in secret.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph l:
Monday morning arrived. Before Susan left she kissed Mark and thanked him.
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Paragraph 2:
Curious, she asked the driver, “Why do you say that you envy me?”
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参考答案

1.【参考范文】
Paragraph 1:
The father went on alone because he needed to know for himself: “Is my boy alive or is he dead?” He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son’s voice. After screaming his son’s name, “ARMAND!” he heard back, “Dad?! It’s me, Dad!” The faint but familiar voice brought tears of relief to his eyes. “What’s going on in there? How is it?” the father asked anxiously, digging more forcefully with his bare hands. “I’m fine. There are 13 other kids down here, Dad,” Daniel replied. “We’re scared, hungry, and thirsty. When the building collapsed, it made a triangle and saved us.” The father realized that this was a tricky situation. He couldn’t risk causing another collapse down there. Fortunately, the firefighters were just nearby. The father shouted to the fire chief and signalled to them to come over.
Paragraph 2:
Everyone began to help him pull the kids out of the ruins. Then, the father helped the firefighters cautiously remove the rocks and pulled out the kids one by one. When everyone was safe and sound, Daniel threw himself into his father’s arms: “You did it, Dad! No matter what, I know you’ll be there for me!”
【写作指导】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一座城市发生了8.2级的地震，地震几乎把这座城市夷为平地。在一片混乱中，一位父亲冲去学校救自己的儿子，因为他曾向儿子承诺“无论发生什么，他都会永远在儿子身边”。学校已经成为一片废墟，但他仍然不停地在废墟中寻找，好心的家长和消防队员试图劝他停止寻找，但他仍不放弃。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他勇敢地独自面对，因为他自己需要知道：‘我的孩子是活着还是死了？’”可知，第一段可描写这位父亲寻找儿子的过程及他是否找到了儿子。
②由第二段首句内容“每个人都开始帮助他把孩子们从废墟中拉出来。”可知，第二段可描写儿子获救及获救后父子二人的互动。
2.续写线索：继续寻找——听到儿子的声音——询问儿子的处境——还有13个孩子——儿子获救——父子互动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.昏倒：pass out/fall down in a faint
②.倒塌：collapse/topple down
③.导致：cause/lead to
情绪类
①.焦急地：anxiously/nervously
②.害怕的：scared/frightened
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. When everyone was safe and sound, Daniel threw himself into his father’s arms: “You did it, Dad! No matter what, I know you’ll be there for me!”（由when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. The father realized that this was a tricky situation.（由that引导的宾语从句）
2.【参考范文】
“Scoot (快走),” he said to me with a wink (眨眨眼), “and come and see me when you get back.” For the next two and a half hours I climbed those old walls and had the time of my life. Later I met with my grandfather to tell him about my adventure. I’ll never forget what he said. “Fred,” he said, grinning, “you made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, there’s only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.”
Many years have passed since then, and I am now a host of a well-known television program. I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit, “There’s only one person in this whole world like you, the kids can count on hearing me say,” and people can like you exactly as you are.
【写作指导】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者小时候在乡村的经历，作者小时候很喜欢在祖父的农田上玩耍，并且渴望爬上围绕着农田的石墙，虽然大人们害怕爬上围墙会让作者受伤，但是祖父同意了。作者从自己的经历中悟出一个道理：要做真实的自我。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘快走，’他眨眨眼对我说，‘回来后来看我。’”可知，第一段可描写作者爬上了期许已经的围墙，同时也需描述之后回去见祖父时，祖父对作者的鼓励。
②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，许多年过去了，我现在是一个著名的电视节目的主持人。”可知，第二段可描写在作者的工作生涯中，祖父的话对自己的影响，以及作者如何通过节目影响别人。
2.续写线索：爬围墙——见祖父——鼓励——职业影响——感悟
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①.讲述：tell/describe/make a description
②.指望：count on/rely on
③.特别的：special/extraordinary/wonderful
情绪类
①.微笑：grin/laugh/with a big smile resting on one’s face
②.喜欢：like/be greatly fond of
【典型句式】
[高分句型1]. I’ll never forget what he said. (由连接词what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood seen by millions of children throughout America.(使用过去分词后置定语)
3.【参考范文】
Shadow’s back fur rose. Down came the group of dogs towards us, roaring angrily. Just as one of them approached us, I raised the pepper spray and spray the liquid to it. Luckily it jumped aside. However, more dogs charged at me, which made the pepper spray useless. Just then, Jesse went up bravely and threw the thick branches around us, making it difficult for the dogs to move near. Meanwhile, Shadow shouted at the dogs aggressively in an attempt to scare them away.
Surprisingly, the entire mass of dogs turned tail and fled. I was glad to see them disappear. I thanked Jesse for her bravery and I patted Shadow on his back. While he was bigger than those dogs, he was not afraid in face of the mass of dogs. We continued to set off to search for our trail.This time, with Shadow leading the way, we would not get lost and soon we found the right trail. After the adventure, we returned home safe and sound thanks to my brave son and the biggest dog.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者，他的儿子和狗一起探险的故事。他们一起徒步旅行，在华莱士山寻找一条小径。因为迷路，遇到一群狗攻击，在危机时刻，他们的狗Shadow勇敢吓退一群狗，而保护他们的故事。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Shadow的背部毛发立了起来。”可知，第一段可描写他们和Shadow在遇到这一群狗之后的表现。
②由第二段首句内容“令人惊讶的是，整群狗都掉头逃跑了。”可知，第二段可描写那群狗退去，他们脱险后的回家以及他们的心理活动。
2.续写线索：徒步旅行——探索——发现一群狗——遭攻击——Shadow吓退狗——回家
3.词汇激活
行为类
寻找：look for /search/seek
回家：go back home/return home
爬：climb /ascend/mount
情绪类
感谢：thank/show our appreciation/show our gratitude/be grateful
害怕的：afraid /dreadful/horrible
【典型句式】
[高分句型1] Just as one of them approached us, I raised the pepper spray and spray the liquid to it.（由连接词as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2] However，more dogs charged at me, which made the pepper spray useless.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3] I thanked Jesse for her bravery and I patted Shadow on his back.（由省略that引导的宾语从句）
4.【参考范文】
Howwever, it was Frankie-Rae’s shaky steps that inspired people most. It was difficult for the two-year-old to practice walking but she made it. Mary set up a page for her, introducing her and those who have the specially rare disease. On the page, she included a Crowdfunder link and posted details of the challenge on social media. And every day the family cheered her on as she took a few shaky steps. So far Frankie-Rae has raised over £1,000 for the Carter Trust. And the family is anxious to break their target of £2 ,000.
Frankie-Rae is such a smiley happy little girl that she brings hope to all that meet her. She relies on special equipment on her legs to support them and it is hard for her, but she never gives up practising. Although she can only say “Mum” and “Dad”, she understands everything the others say. She’s a very determined little girl, who loves music and loves nothing more than waving to the music at the dance studio. With her determination, she will continue to surprise the world!
【写作指导】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Frankie-Rae Hockney的第一次让她的母亲高兴地哭了，因为她出生时就患有一种罕见的染色体异常，所以她的未来有很多不确定因素，她的妈妈是一位舞蹈老师，当她想到Frankie-Rae Hockney永远不能成为其中的一员时，她感到很伤心，Frankie-Rae Hockney积极进行治疗，卡特信托基金为她提供了一辆特殊的婴儿车，她姐姐想出为帮助他们的慈善机构筹款的主意。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，Frankie-Rae Hockney的颤颤巍巍的舞步给人们带来了最大的启发。”可知，第一段可描写她的家人是如何筹款的。
②由第二段首句内容“Frankie-Rae Hockney是一个笑容灿烂、快乐的小女孩，她给所有见到她的人带来了希望。”可知，第二段可描写Frankie-Rae Hockney的可贵的品质以及对人的影响。
2.续写线索：建立网页——发帖——为她加油——筹到钱——从不放弃——震惊世界
3.词汇激活
行为类
①建立：set up/build up
②筹集：raise/collect
③使惊讶：surprise/shock
情绪类
①急切的：be anxious/be eager
②有决心的：be determined/be resolved
【典型句式】
[高分句型1] Mary set up a page for her, introducing her and those who have the specially rare disease. (由关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] She’s a very determined little girl, who loves music and loves nothing more than waving to the music at the dance studio. (由关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句)
5.【参考范文】
Paragraph 1:
Monday morning arrived. Before Susan left she kissed Mark and thanked him. Her eyes filled with tears of gratitude for his loyalty, his patience, and his love. And for the first time, they went separate ways. Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday... Each day on her own went perfectly, and Susan had never felt better. She was going to work all by herself. On Friday morning, as she was getting off the bus, the driver said, “I do envy you.” Susan wasn’t sure if the driver was speaking to her. After all, who would envy a blind woman?
Paragraph 2:
Curious, she asked the driver, “Why do you say that you envy me?” The driver responded, “You know, every morning for the past week, a gentleman in a military uniform has been watching you as you get off the bus until you safely enter your office building. You are one lucky lady.” Tears of happiness poured down Susan’s cheeks. Although she couldn’t physically see him, she had always felt Mark’s presence. She was so lucky, for her husband had given her a gift she didn’t need to see to believe — the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness.
【写作指导】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在Suan因误诊而失明后，她的丈夫Mark帮助她克服内心的恐惧，使她能够独自一人乘坐公交车上下班的故事。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“了星期一早上。Suan离开前吻了吻Mark，并向他道谢。”可知，第一段可描写Suan独自一人乘坐公交车上下班的经历。
②由第二段首句内容“她好奇地问司机：“你为什么说你羡慕我？””可知，第二段可描写司机解释了羡慕Suan的原因。
2.续写线索：Suan独自坐公交车——司机羡慕Suan——Suan很困惑——司机羡慕Suan的原因——感悟
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①对……说话：speak to /talk to
②回答：respond/reply
③享受：watch/stare
情绪类
①幸福：happiness/blessedness
②幸运的：lucky/fortunate
【典型句式】
[高分句型1] On Friday morning, as she was getting off the bus, the driver said, “I do envy you.”(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Although she couldn’t physically see him, she had always felt Mark’s presence. (运用了although引导的让步状语从句)