模拟卷1——2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考I卷）

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【走近高考◆◆预热卷】
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试预热卷01

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the cinema. B. At the hotel. C. At the customs
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome. Passport and form, please.
W: Sure. Here you go.
M: Thank you. What’s the purpose of your visit?
W: I’m here for work. I’m on a business trip.
2. How much money will the man get back?
A. $10. B. $ 4. C. $ 6.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, are you ready to pay?
M: Yes, could I get these two shirts?
W: Sure. The total is six dollars.
M: OK. I’ve got ten.
3. How does the woman feel finally?
A. Encouraged. B. Defeated. C. Depressed.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: How was your exam?
W: I really messed up, Uncle. I couldn’t answer a lot of the questions. I already know that I failed.
M: Everybody makes mistakes. Auntie and I will always support you!
W: Thank you, Uncle. I will try again.
4. What does the man want?
A. Pig dolls. B. Ship models. C. Some chips.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey mom, are you at the supermarket now?
W: Hello? Sweetie, the sound isn’t very clear.
M: Don’t forget to bring me some chips, and I don’t want a small bag. I want a big one.
W: A pig ship? What is it? A model? I can’t hear you clearly. You can text me.
5. What made the woman wait so long for her clothes?
A. The breaking-down of the company.
B. Her not being informed in time.
C. The wrong delivery of her package.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Ben. I will go to the front desk to fetch my package. My new clothes finally came!
M: Did it take a long time?
W: Yeah. They made a mistake and sent it to the wrong address.
M: I want to send a package too. So I’ll go with you.

第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. How long will the speakers wait for?
A. 60 minutes. B. 45 minutes. C. 55 minutes.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Find another restaurant. B. Wait in line. C. Do some shopping.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Wow, look! So many people are waiting in line. This place is always packed on Fridays.
W: I don’t want to stand here for an hour. Let’s go somewhere else.
M: It’s Friday night. Everywhere has a line. Let’s just eat here. We can use a waitlist app.
W: A waitlist app? How does that work?
M: You just choose the restaurant, and the app will put you on the waitlist and give you a number.
W: That’s easy. Does it say how many groups are ahead of us?
M: Yeah, 10 groups. So, it’s a 45-minute wait for our table, but we don’t have to stick around here.
W: Great. What are we waiting for? Let’s do some shopping to kill time.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Who is the cake made for?
A. The man’s daughter. B. The man. C. The woman.
9. What will they do first according to the recipe?
A. Brush the pan. B. Mix the flour. C. Heat the oven.
10. What will the man finally do?
A. Write a message on the cake.
B. Cut out a piece of cake.
C. Put some fruit on the cake.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey Jen, thank you for helping me bake a cake for my daughter.
W: No problem. It’s so sweet of you to make her a cake.
M: Yeah, but I’ve never made a cake before. So, hopefully, it’ll be OK!
W: I’m sure it will. What’s first on the recipe?
M: Well, it says to heat the oven first to 180 degrees.
W: I’ll do that while you start mixing the flour.
M: OK, I also need eggs, butter, and 2 cups of sugar? Is that too much?
W: Nope! 2 cups is perfect. Now we just put the mixture in the pan and bake it for 30 minutes.
M: That’s it? Well, that was a piece of cake!
W: Do you want to write a special message on it?
M: Yes. It’s “Happy every day!”
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Why was Mike’s brother crying?
A. Mike didn’t let his brother play with his toys.
B. Mike didn’t play with his brother.
C. Mike didn’t give his brother’s things back.
12. What does the woman think of Mike’s behavior?
A. Unselfish. B. Unfriendly. C. Unusual.
13. What does the woman advise Mike to do?
A. To make an apology. B. To share things. C. To be more careful.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son. B. Father and daughter. C. Brother and sister.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Mike, do you know why your brother is crying?
M: I don’t know. Maybe because I wouldn’t let him play with my toys.
W: That’s not very kind. What do we say in our family?
M: Sharing is caring.
W: That’s right. Sharing is caring. That means you two need to take turns with your toys.
M: But he always plays them alone! He never gives them back.
W: You’re his big brother. You need to set an example for him.
M: But sometimes he even breaks them!
W: I’ll ask him to be more careful. And you can ask him nicely to give them back next time.
M: But...
W: No buts, Mister! If you don’t listen to my words, I’ll tell your father.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
15. What do we know about this manned flight mission?
A. It has the longest staying time.
B. It is the hardest to operate.
C. It travels at the fastest speed.
16. What do Taikonauts do to pass the time?
A. Play cards. B. Play tennis. C. Play instruments.
17. What does the woman’s final words mean?
A. Women are less suitable in this mission.
B. Women are as excellent as men.
C. Women undertake more than men do.
【答案】15. A 16. C 17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, are you watching a video of the Chinese space station? Shenzhou-12, right?
M: Close. Shenzhou-13.
W: It’s hard to keep up with China speed! So how long are they in orbit this time?
M: Six months, the longest stay of any single manned fight mission in China’s history.
W: So do you watch them conduct experiments or spacewalks or what?
M: Pretty much. They even give lessons in the space station!
W: I wonder what the Taikonauts do to pass the time up there?
M: They go for jogs play musical instruments, and even play ping-pong.
W: Zero-gravity ping-pong! I gotta try that! Who’s that lady floating by?
M: That’s Wang Yaping. She’s become somewhat of a celebrity down here on earth.
W: Well, women hold up half the sky, so it’s only fitting that they should work in it too.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. Which pet may an outgoing person prefer?
A. A bird. B. A dog. C. A cat.
19. What may a cat owner be like?
A. Clever. B. Sociable. C. Careful.
20. What does the speech mainly talk about?
A. Pet people’s personalities.
B. More outgoing dog people.
C. Less sociable cat people.
【答案】18. B 19. A 20. A
【解析】
【原文】 M: Are you a dog person or a cat person? What psychological factors make a person choose one type of pet over the other?
An outgoing person prefers dogs. This should really come as no surprise. Owning a dog is a social experience, because you always have to walk them and interact with other dog owners. If you really like talking to other people, a dog might be for you. Cats on the other hand tend to stay at home, which means that taking care of a cat requires much less social interaction.
Cat people are smarter. While studies show that dog lovers are more outgoing and lively, cat lovers score higher on intelligence tests, and are said to be more open-minded. They are also more curious about the world, even though they might not leave the house to see it as much!
Do you love a dog or a cat? Are you a different kind of pet person like a turtle person or a bird person? Does your personality match with some features we talked about earlier? I hope my speech will be helpful to you. Thank you for listening!

第二部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
BEST OF THE WORLD
Our annual list highlights travel destinations that inspire connections and wonder. Here are four starting points to launch your own travel plan.
Dodecanese Islands, Greece
Waves of conquerors-Romans, Ottomans, Italians-left their fingerprints on everything from the architecture to the food on these Greek islands. Today’s invaders come not for fortune but for selfies(自拍).Now less visited parts of the isles，like Karpathos，hope to balance the economic need for tourism with the environmental stresses caused by it.
Tuli Block, Botswana
Travelers to Botswana have become more interested in seeing more craft-based tours and village homestays since COVID．A National Geographic explorer, Mookod, is establishing an education program in 10 remote villages, which shows the village teachers how to weave the environment and local culture into their lessons.
Louangphabang, Laos
The pandemic closed the borders of many tourism-dependent countries like Laos. But the Southeast Asian nation hopes the Chinese-constructed bullet train will boost domestic travel. Its 260-mile route within Laos starts at the border town of Boten, crosses more than 70 tunnels and 160 bridges, runs through Louangphabang, and ends in the capital,Vientiane.
Choquequirao, Peru
Choquequirao is one of the most remote Inca sites in the Peruvian Andes. Numerous temples, terraces(梯田)，and squares are yet to be fully unearthed. But new infrastructure plans are expected to boost visits to Machu Picchu’s sister city.
21．What would travelers like to do most on Dodecanese Islands?
A．Admire ancient buildings. B．Enjoy tasty food.
C．Make a fortune. D．Take beautiful photos.
22．Which travel destination best suits people who prefer railway journeys?
A．Dodecanese Islands. B．Tuli Block.
C．Louangphabang. D．Choquequirao.
23．What do Tuli Block and Choquequirao have in common?
A．They both have a sister city.
B．They both have an education program.
C．They both offer experiences in rural areas.
D．They both offer accommodation in local families.
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个登上了年度榜单的旅游目的地。
21．细节理解题。根据“Dodecanese Islands, Greece”部分的“Today’s invaders come not for fortune but for selfies(今天来的旅游者不是为了财富，而是为了自拍)”可知，游客到多德卡尼斯群岛最喜欢的是拍照，故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据“Louangphabang, Laos”部分的“But the Southeast Asian nation hopes the Chinese-constructed bullet train will boost domestic travel Its 260-mile route within Laos starts at the border town of Boten, crosses more than 70 tunnels and 160 bridges, runs through Louangphabang, and ends in the capital,Vientiane.( 但这个东南亚国家希望中国建造的子弹头列车能促进国内旅行。其在老挝境内的260英里路线始于边境城镇磨丁，穿过70多条隧道和160多座桥梁，穿过琅勃拉邦，终点为首都万象。)”可知，琅勃拉邦省最适合乘坐火车旅行的人，故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据“Tuli Block”部分的“A National Geographic explorer, Mookod, is establishing an education program in 10 remote villages, which shows the village teachers how to weave the environment and local culture into their lessons.( 国家地理探险家穆科德正在10个偏远村庄建立一个教育项目，向乡村教师展示如何将环境和当地文化融入他们的课程中)”以及“Choquequirao”部分的“Choquequirao is one of the most remote Inca sites in the Peruvian Andes.(乔奎拉奥是秘鲁安第斯山脉中最偏远的印加遗址之一)”可知，Tuli Block 和Choquequirao两个地区的共同之处是能给游客提供乡村旅行的体验，故选C项。

B
They said it couldn’t be done. They said he was crazy. They said he would never make it.
But Duane Hansen and his beautiful pumpkin, which he named Berta, proved them all wrong. Like Cinderella’s fairy godmother, this Nebraska man proved that you really can turn a pumpkin into a functional vehicle — in this case, a seaworthy vessel(船).
Yes, you read that right. Hansen wanted to celebrate his 60th birthday by hollowing out his prized 846-pound pumpkin and sailing down the Missouri River inside it. Not only did Hansen enjoy a pumpkin sail on his special day, but his 38-mile journey also landed him a world record! In case you wondered, the previous world record for the longest sail in a pumpkin was 25 miles, set by a North Dakota man in 2018.
It wasn’t an easy journey. Growing a pumpkin big enough to use as a boat is already a challenge. Then, there was his chosen waterway. The city of Bellevue, Nebraska, posted a photogragh of Hansen on the water that offers a reminder of just how big the Missouri River is.
“He has always said that you can do anything you want and I’m just so proud,” Hansen’s daughter Morgan Buchholz said.
Hansen reportedly spent nearly a decade trying to grow a pumpkin big enough to work as a sailing vessel. He was inspired to begin his mission after meeting a woman who had previously won “the Biggest Pumpkin Competition”. He asked her many questions about her experience.
As for his pumpkin-sailing future, “I’m done with this.” Hansen said that the voyage made his knees ache. The wake (尾流) from boats was rough, and when they passed, he said he had to stop everything and just hang on. “If somebody breaks this record, I will, like, bow down to them because they are tough,” he said.
24．Why did Hansen go on a pumpkin journey?
A．To observe his birthday. B．To show his prized pumpkin.
C．To break a world record. D．To prove pumpkin could be a vessel.
25．What did Hansen do to make his journey possible?
A．He chose a calm waterway.
B．He talked with the previous record holder.
C．He convinced his family to support his plan.
D．He worked a long time to grow the pumpkin.
26．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．His knees got seriously injured in the sailing.
B．His vessel tured over in the wake from boats.
C．Hansen will respect whoever breaks his record.
D．Hansen will continue the pumpkin-sailing in future.
27．What does Hansen’s story tell us?
A．It is never too old to learn.
B．Time and tide wait for no man.
C．Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
D．Fear always springs from ignorance

【答案】24．A 25．D 26．C 27．C

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了汉森用南瓜作为工具完成了旅行，打破了记录，完成别人认为不可能的事情，生动诠释“有志者，事竟成”。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Hansen wanted to celebrate his 60th birthday by hollowing out his prized 846-pound pumpkin and sailing down the Missouri River inside it.( 汉森为了庆祝他的60岁生日，他掏空了他珍贵的846磅重的南瓜，然后沿着密苏里河流而下。)”可知，汉森进行南瓜之旅是为了庆祝他的生日。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“It wasn’t an easy journey. Growing a pumpkin big enough to use as a boat is already a challenge. ( 这不是一段轻松的旅程。培育一个大到可以用作船的南瓜已经是一个挑战。)”和倒数第二段的“Hansen reportedly spent nearly a decade trying to grow a pumpkin big enough to work as a sailing vessel.( 据报道，汉森花了近十年的时间，试图种植一个足够大的南瓜，以作为一艘帆船。)”可知，为了进行他的旅行，汉森花了很长时间来种植南瓜。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘If somebody breaks this record, I will, like, bow down to them because they are tough,’he said.(他说：“如果有人打破了这个记录，我愿意向他们低头，因为他们很坚强。”)”可推断，汉森尊重打破他记录的任何人。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段“They said it couldn’t be done. They said he was crazy. They said he would never make it.(他们说这是不可能的。他们说他疯了。他们说他不会成功的。)”，第二段“But Duane Hansen and his beautiful pumpkin, which he named Berta, proved them all wrong. Like Cinderella’s fairy godmother, this Nebraska man proved that you really can turn a pumpkin into a functional vehicle — in this case, a seaworthy vessel(船).(但杜安·汉森和他的漂亮南瓜——他给它起名为波塔——证明了他们都错了。就像灰姑娘的仙女教母一样，这位内布拉斯加州的男子证明了你真的可以把南瓜变成一种实用的交通工具——在这种情况下，一艘适航的船只。)”，第四段“It wasn’t an easy journey. Growing a pumpkin big enough to use as a boat is already a challenge. (这不是一段轻松的旅程。培育一个大到可以用作船的南瓜已经是一个挑战。)”以及下文内容可知，汉森用南瓜作为工具完成了他的旅行，完成别人认为不可能的事情，因此推断他的故事告诉我们“有志者，事竟成”。故选C。

C
Many organizations learned in the past year that remote work can be highly effective, with 83% of employers surveyed saying that the shift to remote work has been successful for their company, according to a PwC study. In addition, 54% of workers want to continue working remotely after the pandemic. Now that it's clear where the work is done is not as important as people once thought, the other dimension of flexibility workers fever is the freedom to determine when the work is done. A 2019 study by the International Workplace Group found that 80% of workers would turn down a job that did not offer a flexible work schedule, and 76% of workers said they'd consider staying at their current employer if they could work flexible hours.
According to a Microsoft Work Trend Report, the 9-to-5 workday is disappearing, as the increase in remote work has allowed for more flexible hours. Employees are increasingly working asynchronously, completing tasks on their own schedules, which may be different from those of their colleagues. Asynchronous work is now essential to being part of a modern, digital economy, staying competitive in the war for talent, and building a globally distributed workforce.
Tsedal Neeley, a Harvard Business School professor, told me, “Companies have to rethink what it means to be part of a modern work structure. This idea of 9-to-5 or face-time culture is actually not helpful for a digitally advanced economy.” She highlighted that the face-time culture is the need to monitor or see people in order to feel like work is advancing. However, this assumption that being productive requires seeing people do the work is not only limiting, but also unreasonable, as technology and automation are increasingly used to get work done and are not as observable as before. Asynchronous work, she says, is “a completely new mindset in line with a digital economy.”
28．What do the statistics in Para. 1 suggest?
A．The effects of remote work. B．The importance of flexible work.
C．The popularity of working alone. D．The preference for flexible working style.
29．What does the underlined word “asynchronously” in Para. 2 mean?
A．Not at the same time. B．Without much creativity.
C．For different purposes. D．Under unfavorable circumstances.
30．What attitude did Tsedal Neeley have towards 9-to-5 culture?
A．Critical. B．Neutral. C．Indifferent. D．Supportive.
31．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Adjusting to “9-to-5” culture B．The change of digital economy
C．The assumption of digital economy D．Breaking free from “9-to-5” culture

【答案】28．D 29．A 30．A 31．D

【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了疫情后人们工作方式的变化，引发了人们对于更先进工作方式的追求，这种工作方式对员工和企业都有良性的作用。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Many organizations learned in the past year that remote work can be highly effective, with 83% of employers surveyed saying that the shift to remote work has been successful for their company, according to a PwC study. In addition, 54% of workers want to continue working remotely after the pandemic. Now that it's clear where the work is done is not as important as people once thought, the other dimension of flexibility workers fever is the freedom to determine when the work is done. A 2019 study by the International Workplace Group found that 80% of workers would turn down a job that did not offer a flexible work schedule, and 76% of workers said they'd consider staying at their current employer if they could work flexible hours.(普华永道的一项研究显示，在过去一年里，许多组织都认识到远程工作可以非常有效，83%的受访雇主表示，他们的公司成功地实现了远程工作的转变。此外，54%的工人希望在大流行后继续远程工作。现在很明显，工作在哪里完成并不像人们曾经认为的那么重要，弹性工作者热的另一个方面是决定工作何时完成的自由。国际工作场所集团2019年的一项研究发现，80%的员工会拒绝没有弹性工作时间的工作，76%的员工表示，如果可以弹性工作时间，他们会考虑留在目前的雇主)”可推知，第1段的数据说明了偏好灵活的工作方式。故选D。
29．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“According to a Microsoft Work Trend Report, the 9-to-5 workday is disappearing, as the increase in remote work has allowed for more flexible hours.”以及划线词后文“completing tasks on their own schedules, which may be different from those of their colleagues”可知，根据微软的一份工作趋势报告，“朝九晚五”的工作时间正在消失，因为远程工作的增加使得工作时间更加灵活，员工越来越多地asynchronously工作，按照自己的时间表完成任务，这可能与他们的同事不同，即人们追求弹性工作时间，这可能和其他同事不一致，与他们不同时完成工作。划线词词意为“不同时地”，故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Companies have to rethink what it means to be part of a modern work structure. This idea of 9-to-5 or face-time culture is actually not helpful for a digitally advanced economy. (公司必须深刻地重新思考，成为现代工作结构的一部分意味着什么。“朝九晚五”或者面对面文化的想法实际上对数字时代的发达经济没有帮助)”可推知，Tsedal Neeley认为“朝九晚五”的工作模式对现在的经济没有帮助，即他不赞成“朝九晚五”工作模式。故选A。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“According to a Microsoft Work Trend Report, the 9-to-5 workday is disappearing, as the increase in remote work has allowed for more flexible hours. (根据微软的一份工作趋势报告，“朝九晚五”的工作时间正在消失，因为远程工作的增加使得工作时间更加灵活)”以及本文主要介绍后疫情数字经济时代人们期待打破“朝九晚五”的传统工作模式。D项“摆脱“朝九晚五”的文化”为最佳标题。故选D。

D
Humans are not the animal kingdom’s only super fans of fashion. Tits (山雀) can be fashion-victims, too, apparently. A study, published in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology by Sonja Wild and Lucy Aplin, shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season’s must-have color.
Dr Wild and Dr Aplin were following up work published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams, an American naturalist. He noticed that when he put various colored balls of wool out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season, integrated into local birds’ nests. But which particular color was favored varied from season to season. This suggested that the color chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.
Williams’s work was, however, forgotten until Dr Wild and Dr Aplin came across it while following up on a different study. The study noted that, during any given breeding (繁殖) season, the blue tits they were investigating tended to integrate the same herbal plants into their nests regardless of how abundant those herbs actually were. This, too, suggested fashion-following-and it likewise led Dr Wild and Dr Aplin to infer that birds were studying the nests of others and copying them. They therefore set out to rerun Williams’s experiment, but this time to collect some actual numbers.
The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue, great and marsh tits in a wood near the institute. Of the 68 tits ‘nests built that season in the experimental areas, 26 contained wool, including 18 of the color of wool chosen by the first nest builder.
Tits, then, do seem to be “on trend” when it comes to nest-building materials. Why that should happen remains unclear. Dr Wild and Dr Aplin suspect the trendsetters are older birds, and younger ones simply follow. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are random. A bit like those of the leaders of human fashions.
32．What do we know about tits from the first two paragraphs?
A．Tits choose the same color all the time.
B．Tits suffer a lot from following fashion.
C．Tits tend to copy others in building their nests.
D．Tits like to follow fellow birds’ behavior in most cases.
33．Why did Dr Wild and Dr Aplin rerun William’s experiment?
A．To offer guidance for William.
B．To study birds’ nests.
C．To prove birds’ modelling behavior.
D．To investigate bird breeding.
34．What can we learn about Dr Wild and Dr Aplin’s experiment?
A．They believed older tits chose colors at random.
B．They knew exactly why tits followed the first nest builder.
C．They discovered most tits used wool in building their nests.
D．They assumed older tits were the ones to lead the trend.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Tits: Fashion Followers
B．Nest Building: Colors First
C．Birds: Human Followers
D．Scientific Research: Numbers First

【答案】32．C 33．C 34．D 35．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍山雀也可能成为时尚的追求者。Sonja Wild和Lucy Aplin在《行为生态学与社会生物学》上发表的一项研究表明，如果有机会，它们会用本季必备的颜色装饰巢穴。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“A study, published in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology by Sonja Wild and Lucy Aplin, shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season’s must-have color.( Sonja Wild和Lucy Aplin在《行为生态学与社会生物学》上发表的一项研究表明，如果有机会，它们会用本季必备的颜色装饰巢穴)”以及第二段“This suggested that the color chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.( 这表明，之前的鸟选择的颜色被其他鸟类发现并复制了)”可知，山雀在筑巢时会模仿其他鸟，故选C项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段“This, too, suggested fashion-following-and it likewise led Dr Wild and Dr Aplin to infer that birds were studying the nests of others and copying them. They therefore set out to rerun Williams’s experiment(这也表明了时尚的追求。同样地，这也让Wild和Aplin博士推断出鸟类正在研究其他鸟类的巢穴并复制。因此，他们着手重新进行威廉姆斯的实验)”推知，Dr Wild和Dr Aplin重新进行试验的目的是要证明山鸟的模仿行为，故选C项。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr Wild and Dr Aplin suspect the trendsetters are older birds, and younger ones simply follow(Wild和Aplin认为有可能引领潮流的是年纪较大的鸟类，而年纪较小的则紧随其后)”可知，Dr Wild and Dr Aplin猜想年纪较大的山雀是时尚潮流的引领者，故选D项。
35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Tits (山雀)can be fashion-victims, too, apparently.( 显然，山雀也可能成为时尚的追求者)”以及第二段“This suggested that the color chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.(这表明，其中一只早期鸟类选择的颜色被其他鸟类发现并复制了)”以及第三段“They therefore set out to rerun Williams’s experiment, but this time to collect some actual numbers.(因此，他们开始重新进行威廉姆斯的实验，但这次是为了收集一些实际数字)”还有最后一段“Dr Wild and Dr Aplin suspect the trendsetters are older birds, and younger ones simply follow(Wild和Aplin认为有可能引领潮流的是年纪较大的鸟类，而年纪较小的则紧随其后)”可知，第一段提出了山雀可能事实上追求者这一话题，后续段落对这一现象进行了原因分析和解释，所以最佳标题应为：山雀是时尚的追求者，故选A项。

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Volunteering means to carry out a duty or a job without expecting repayment or reward. The concept is very popular in advanced or rich countries. But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort ____36____.
One is immediately seen as selfless and helpful when one volunteers to help out someone such as a friend，teacher or parent. ____37____  , when you help a teacher to clean the classroom or get involved in a cleanliness campaign at the school level or other community projects Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect.
In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. In addition to helping these organizations carry out their duties, you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills. ____38____ . Even though they are not being aid, through volunteering time, effort and skills, one would learn more than what money can buy.
____39____ . For example, if you volunteer your time regularly at a charity organization, you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essence ideas related to the day-to-day operations of the organizations.
Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate volunteer activities. ____40____ .
A．You will feel you are proud
B．Your standing would be lifted
C．This is especially beneficial to students
D．One should actively be involved in volunteering
E．However, one can gain many benefits from volunteering
F．They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skills
G．Volunteering also exposes one to many interesting ideas and issues

【答案】36．E 37．B 38．C 39．G 40．F

【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了做志愿者给学生带来的积极益处。
36．根据前文“But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort (但在一些国家，许多人认为志愿服务是浪费时间和精力的事)”和第三段段首句“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. (此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。)”可知，首段尾句应承上启下，反驳有些人对志愿活动的错误观点，且引出下文阐明从事志愿活动的益处，E选项句“However, one can gain many benefits from volunteering (然而，一个人可以从志愿活动中收获良多)”符合文意，故选E项。
37．根据后文“Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect. (老师和成年人会认为那些自愿花时间参加某些活动的年轻人是成熟的、负责任的、值得尊重的。)”推测可知，空格处应列举自愿为老师及其他社会机构劳动带来的益处，B选项句“Your standing would be lifted (你的地位将会得到提升)”符合文意，故选B项。
38．根据前文“you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills. (你不仅能获得经验，还能学到各种技能)”可知，做志愿服务能使人成长，C选项句“This is especially beneficial to students (这对学生尤其有益)”承接上文语义，强调工作经验和技能提升对从事志愿服务的学生有更加重要的意义，符合文意，故选C项。
39．根据前文“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. (此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。)”可知，该处也应表述志愿服务带来的益处；且根据后文“you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essence ideas related to the day-to-day operations of the organizations. (你会学到组织是如何运转的，团队合作的重要性，以及其他与组织日常运作相关的本质思想)”可知，该段主要表述从事志愿服务会让你接触很多有趣的理念和问题，G选项句“Volunteering also exposes one to many interesting ideas and issues (志愿活动也使人接触到许多有趣的想法和问题)”符合文意，故选G项。
40．根据前文“Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate volunteer activities. (因此，有这么多的好处，尤其是学生，应该被允许参加志愿者活动)”可知，该处建议学生群体尤其应当多参加志愿服务活动。F选项句“They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skills (他们可以学习到有用的人际交往和组织方面的技能)”承接上文语义，阐明学生参加志愿活动的意义，符合文意，故选F项。

第三部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anxious exam candidates’ problem is the run-up or preparation, not the exam itself.
Exams are always tense and worrying, especially for those of an anxious disposition. The silence of the hall; the ____41____ of the clock; the content expression of the person at the neighbouring desk. It therefore seems ____42____ surprising that those who worry about tests do systematically ____43____ than those who do not. Unexpectedly, according to research in Psychological Science by Maria Theobald, it is not the pressure of the exam which causes the problem. It is the ____44____ pressure.
What Dr Therobald found was that ____45____ on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What predicted it was the level of knowledge a student ____46____ in the earlier learning activities and the mock (模拟) exam. Those who ____47____ well in these also did well in the real thing, ____48____ how anxious they were on the day. What actually ____49____ students were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam, the lower his or her knowledge-gain was during that period, leaving that student with less material to _____50_____ during the exam itself.
This is a positive discovery, for it suggests the anxious might achieve better result by adjusting their _____51_____ when revising. Dr. Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have low_____52_____of success and at the same time know that passing the exam is _____53_____ important. To reduce this anxiety, she proposes a _____54_____ for students to consider as they revise. First, they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can _____55_____ the significance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation. It really isn’t.
41．A．clicking B．ticking C．dropping D．ringing
42．A．slightly B．basically C．hardly D．completely
43．A．worse B．better C．less D．higher
44．A．presentation B．memory C．revision D．time
45．A．atmosphere B．expression C．outcome D．anxiety
46．A．prepared B．forgot C．displayed D．increased
47．A．performed B．responded C．behaved D．activated
48．A．because of B．as for C．except for D．regardless of
49．A．took back B．held back C．pushed back D．brought back
50．A．record B．review C．recite D．reproduce
51．A．approach B．view C．preparation D．material
52．A．spirits B．attitude C．expectation D．ideas
53．A．immediately B．anxiously C．approximately D．extremely
54．A．theory B．strategy C．plan D．decision
55．A．decrease B．enhance C．realize D．recognize

【答案】
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．A

【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了考试前的严重焦虑会影响测试结果，并提供了减少焦虑的方法和策略。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大厅里的寂静；时钟的滴答声；邻桌人的内容表达。A. clicking点击；B. ticking钟滴答行走；C. dropping掉落；D. ringing响铃。根据前文“those of an anxious disposition”及“the clock”可知，钟的滴答声会让考生紧张。故选B项。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，那些担心考试的人比那些不担心考试的人表现得更差似乎不足为奇。A. slightly稍微；B. basically基本上；C. hardly几乎不；D. completely完全地。根据“that those who worry about tests do systematically ____3____ than those who do not.”可知，越是担心考试的人越考得不好，这是不足为奇的，hardly表示否定，符合此处语境。故选C项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. worse更糟糕的；B. better更好的；C. less更少的；D. higher更高的。根据“that those who worry about tests do systematically ____3____ than those who do not.”可知，担心考试的人会比不担心的人表现更糟糕。故选A项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是复习压力。A. presentation颁发；B. memory记忆；C. revision修订、复习；D. time时间、次数。根据前文“it is not the pressure of the exam which causes the problem”并结合下文“in the earlier learning activities and the mock exam”可知，不是考试本身压力，而是复习压力会导致这些问题。故选C项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：塞洛博尔德博士发现，考试当天的焦虑程度根本不能预测考试成绩。A. atmosphere氛围、气氛；B. expression表达；C. outcome结果；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“Those who ____7____ well in these also did well in the real thing, ____8____ how anxious they were on the day.”可知，考试当天的焦虑程度不能预测考试成绩。故选D项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：预测结果的是学生在早期学习活动和模拟考试中展示的知识水平。A. prepared准备；B. forgot忘记；C. displayed展示；D. increased增加。根据“What predicted it was the level of knowledge”及“in the earlier learning activities and the mock exam.”可知，学生在早期学习活动和模拟考试中展示的知识水平对于预测学生成绩很重要。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些在这些测试中表现好的人在真实测试中也表现得很好，不管他们当天有多焦虑。A. performed（成绩、学业）表现；B. responded回应；C. behaved（行为举止）表现；D. activated激活。根据“Those who ____7____ well in these also did well in the real thing”可知，在早期和模拟测试中表现好的人在真实测试中也表现得很好。此处指的是学业上的表现。故选A项。
48．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. because of因为；B. as for关于；C. except for除了……外；D. regardless of不管、无论。根据“how anxious they were on the day”可知，无论如何焦虑，之前的学业成绩好，真实测试中也会表现好。故选D项。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：真正阻碍学生考试的是考试前几周的高度焦虑。A. took back取回；B. held back隐瞒、阻碍；C. pushed back推回；D. brought back使……恢复。根据“high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place”可知，考前高度焦虑才是真正阻碍学生发挥的因素。故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个学生在考试前几天越焦虑，他或她在考试期间获得的知识就越少，在考试期间可以再现的材料就越少。A. record记录；B. review回顾、复习；C. recite背诵；D. reproduce复制、繁殖、再现。根据“during the exam itself”可知，学生考前越是焦虑，在考前复习获得的知识越少，从而在脑海中可以再现的知识材料就越少。故选D项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个积极的发现，因为它表明焦虑者在复习时通过调整他们的方法可能会获得更好的结果。A. approach方法；B. view观点；C. preparation准备；D. material材料。根据“adjusting their ____11____ when revising”可知，上文的发现，可以通过调整方法获得结果的改善。故选A项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：塞洛博尔德博士指出，当学生对成功的期望很低，同时又知道通过考试是极其重要的时候，考试焦虑是最严重的。A. spirits精神；B. attitude态度；C. expectation期待；D. ideas主意。根据“test-anxiety is at its worst”可知，当学生对成功的期望很低时，学生会十分焦虑。故选C项。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. immediately立即；B. anxiously焦急地；C. approximately大约；D. extremely极其地。根据“test-anxiety is at its worst”并结合上一空语境可知，当期望很低，而考试又极其重要时，是最焦虑的时候。故选D项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了减少这种焦虑，她提出了一种策略供学生在复习时考虑。A. theory原理；B. strategy策略；C. plan计划；D. decision决定。根据下文“First, Second,”可知，此处Dr. Theobald提出了一种策略，帮助学生考试时缓解焦虑。故选B项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其次，他们可以通过提醒自己，虽然这很重要，但这不是生死攸关的情况，来降低测试的重要性。A. decrease减少；B. enhance增强；C. realize意识到、实现；D. recognize认出、辨别出。根据“while it is important, it is not a life or death situation. It really isn’t.”可知，Dr. Theobald建议学生们减少看待考试的重要性来减少焦虑。故选A项。

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What is culture? Culture is the shared characteristics and knowledge of a group of people, ____56____ (include) their language, religion, food, social habits. music and arts. The word “culture” has ____57____ (it) root from the Latin “culture”, which is related to the meaning of “growth”.
A number of historical events ____58____ (help) shape Western culture in the past 2,500 years. The fall of Rome cleared the way for the establishment of a series of states in Europe. The Black Death of the 1300 cut the population of Europe by one-third, ____59____ remade the society. Gradually, Christianity became the ____60____ (strong) of all religions in Europe. Then the trade between East and West allowed Europeans to explore North and South America.
Eastern culture generally refers to the traditions in Asian ____61____ (country). Like the West, Eastern culture was heavily influenced by religion during its early development, but later it ____62____ (influence) by the agricultural development significantly.
____63____ culture differs from area to area, one thing is for certain: Cultures change. “Culture plays ____64____ important role in our interconnected world,” De Rossi said. “But it is no longer fixed. Culture is ____65____ (constant) moving and essentially fluid.”

【答案】
56．including 57．its 58．have helped 59．which 60．strongest 61．countries 62．was influenced 63．Although/Though 64．an 65．constantly

【详解】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文化的内涵及历史。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：文化是什么?文化是一群人共有的特征和知识，包括他们的语言、宗教、饮食、社会习惯、音乐和艺术。　　　　　　　　 (include) their language, religion, food, social habits. music and arts. 是非谓语动词作状语，include与其逻辑主语Culture之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故填including。
2.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：“文化”一词源于拉丁“文化”，与“生长”的含义有关。 固定短语“have one’s root from”译为：根源于……，需要在名词root前填入it的形容词性物主代词形式，故填its。
3.考查时态和语态。句意：在过去2500年里，大量的历史事件帮助塑造了西方文化。根据此句的时间状语“in the past 2,500 years”可知，需要用现在完成时，且此处为主动语态，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填have helped。
4.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：14世纪的黑死病导致欧洲的人口减少了三分之一，这重塑了整个社会。此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，需填入关系代词which指代整个主句内容，故填which。
5.考查形容词的最高级。句意：基督教逐渐变成欧洲最大的宗教。根据“of all religions in Europe”可知，此处是形容词的最高级，故填strongest。
6.考查名词复数。句意：总的来说，东方文化指的是亚洲共有的传统。country是可数名词，此空处上文是Asian “亚洲的”，所以该处需要填名词复数，故填countries。
7.考查时态和语态。句意：与西方一样，东方文化在发展初期受到宗教的影响较大，但在发展后期又受到农业发展的影响较大。此处为but并列句的谓语，描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；“它”和“影响”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故填was influenced。
8.考查状语从句。句意：虽然不同地区的文化有所不同，但有一件事情是确定的，那就是文化一直处于变化之中。此处需要填入让步状语从句的连接词，表示“尽管”，故填Although/Though。
9. 考查固定短语。句意：德罗西说：“文化在我们这个相互联系的世界中扮演着重要的角色。”固定短语“play a role in”译为：扮演着……的角色，形容词important是以元音音素开头的词，需要填不定冠词an，故填an。
10.考查副词。 句意：文化从本质上来说是流动的，而且一直在变化。此处需要用副词修饰动词moving，故填constantly。

第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是校学生会主席李华，时值春暖花开，万物复苏，请你围绕“走进春天，锻炼身体”这一主题，在校英文报上发一封倡议书，要点如下：
1．倡议的目的;
2．具体内容;
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear friends,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】Dear friends,
Spring has come! Flowers are blossoming and everything is coming back to life. It is high time that we embraced the bright spring and built up our body. So it is strongly advocated that we go outdoors and take exercise regularly.
First, we are supposed to do more sports daily, which is definitely beneficial to our immune system. We can play ball games, jog or take a walk after school. Besides, at weekends, it is a good choice to go hiking with our friends or family.
Let's act together now to strengthen our physical health and create a better life.
The Students’ Union.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕“走进春天，锻炼身体”这一主题，在校英文报上发一封倡议书,要求写出倡议的目的和具体内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
拥抱：embrace →hug
应该：be supposed to →should
此外：besides → what’s more
选择：choice →option
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, at weekends, it is a good choice to go hiking with our friends or family
拓展句：Besides, at weekends, it is a good choice to go hiking with our friends or family，which contributes to your communicating with each other.
【点睛】【高分句型1】So it is strongly advocated that we go outdoors and take exercise regularly.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First, we are supposed to do more sports daily, which is definitely beneficial to our immune system.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）

第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Guyo kicked the ground, a cloud of red dust flying in the air. “What’s wrong, Guyo?” Guyo looked up to see his grandfather. “Father won’t let me drive cattle. He says I’m too little. But I really want to help the family,” said Guyo. “You can help me get honey,” said Grandfather. Guyo’s face lit up. His grandfather smiled, “We’ll gather honey the way our village has gathered honey for years.” He opened his hand. It held a whistle(口哨).“What’s that，Grandfather? ” “It’s a honeyguide whistle. When we use it，a honeyguide will come and lead us to a hidden honeycomb(蜂巢)”. He handed Guyo the whistle. “Call one.”
Guyo blew the whistle hard, creating a beautiful sound. Before long, a gray-brown bird flew to a nearby branch. She called many times. Once she had the attention of Grandfather and Guyo, she flew off toward the west. Guyo was eager to follow. His grandfather picked up a container and said, “Let’s go.” They hurried through the dry brush, always keeping the honeyguide being viewed. “Why do honeyguides help us?” Guyo asked. “They are experts in finding honeycombs. But because they’re small, bee stings(蜇伤)would kill them. They need our help to get what's inside the honeycomb.” Guyo and his grandfather followed the bird for half an hour. Finally, the honeyguide flew toward a hole in a mud wall. “We’re here,” said Grandfather. Guyo’s heart beat faster and faster as they approached the hole. A group of angry bees guarded the entrance, making much noise.
Grandfather gathered some small sticks. “Help me build a fire in front of the hole. The smoke will calm the bees.” When the smoke approached the bees, the noise disappeared. Grandfather tried to push his hand into the hole, but it wouldn’t fit. He said to Guyo, “You should be able to reach the honeycomb.” Guyo was afraid. What if the bees stung him? He looked at his grandfather. He couldn’t disappoint him.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Guyo took a deep breath and stretched out his arm.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grandfather put most of the honeycomb inside his container.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Guyo took a deep breath and stretched out his arm. “I can do it! I can do it!” he repeated. He closed his eyes and forced his hand into the hole. No stings! The smoke worked. Reaching as far as he could, he pulled out several large pieces of the honeycomb filled with sticky honey. Grandfather said, “That’s fine. We need to leave enough for the bees.” They backed away from the hole just as the bees started to make noise again.
Grandfather put most of the honeycomb inside his container. He handed Guyo a piece. “Give this to the honeyguide.” Guyo placed the piece at the base of the tree where the honeyguide sat. “Thank you for sharing this treasure with us.” The honeyguide dropped to the ground to eat his reward. As they walked home, Grandfather placed a hand on Guyo’s shoulder. “We’ll be able to sell the honey in the village. It’s a great help having you around.”Guyo smiled, “I guess being little is sometimes a good thing.”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了主人公Guyo与祖父跟随蜂蜜导游获取蜂蜜的经历，祖父用口哨呼唤来蜂蜜导游鸟，爷孙俩跟着这只小鸟来到有蜂蜜的洞穴，祖父的手太大了够不到蜂蜜窝，想要Guyo去拿，Guyo有点害怕，但是他不能让祖父失望。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Guyo深呼吸，伸出胳膊”可知，第一段可描写Guyo克服恐惧拿到蜂窝的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“祖父把大部分蜂窝放进了他的容器里。”可知，第二段可描写祖父让Guyo给蜂蜜导游送蜂蜜的经过以及祖父对Guyo的表扬
2.续写线索：勇敢的拿到蜂蜜窝——离开蜂巢——送蜂蜜给蜂蜜导游——祖父表扬
3.词汇激活
行为类
①伸出：reach/extend/stretch
②装满：filled with./full of
③返回：back/return/go back
情绪类
①感谢：thank/showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1]Reaching as far as he could, he pulled out several large pieces of the honeycomb filled with sticky honey. (运用了现在分词作状语，和过去分词作定语)
[高分句型2]Guyo placed the piece at the base of the tree where the honeyguide sat.  (运用了where引导定语从句)