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【走近高考◆◆预热卷】
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试预热卷02

I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．A．Excited. B．Dissatisfied. C．Bored. D．Exhausted.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Sorry, sir. We are working on your order right now and we’ll be delivering it soon.
M: Soon? How soon?
Q: How does the man feel?
2．A．7:00. B．7:10. C．9:00. D．9:10.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Could you tell me the starting time for both performances?
M: The first begins at 7:00 o’clock, and it lasts two hours. The second follows immediately after a ten-minute break.
Q: At what time does the second show start?
3．A．A cook. B．A shop assistant. C．A saleswoman. D．A waitress.
【答案】D
【原文】M: I must say, Miss, the food was great and I’ve never had better service.
W: Well, thank you, Sir. I’ll pass your praise on to the cook and the manager. And thanks too for the tip.
Q: What is the woman’s job?
4．A．At a gas station. B．In a work shop.
C．At an art gallery. D．In a department store.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Excuse me, can you tell me the title of this oil painting?
W: Sorry, I don’t know for sure. But I guess it’s an early 18th century work. Let me look it up in the catalogue.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
5．A．He hasn’t had a chance to meet Kathy yet.
B．Kathy had already told him the news.
C．He didn’t know that Kathy was being moved.
D．His new office will be located in New York.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Did you hear? They are moving Kathy to the New York office?
M: They are? That’s news to me.
Q: What does the man mean?
6．A．The woman wants to go to Toronto. B．The man wants to go to Vancouver.
C．There are no flights to Toronto. D．There are two direct flights to Toronto.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Excuse me, would you please tell me when the next flight to Toronto is?
M: Sure. The next direct flight to Toronto is two hours from now, but if you don’t mind transferring in Vancouver, you can board now.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
7．A．She should do more careful work.
B．She is not concerned about George’s remarks.
C．George does not care about her.
D．George shouldn’t have said much about her.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Have you heard what George has been saying about your work?
W: Yes, I have. But to be honest, I couldn’t care less.
Q: What does the woman mean?
8．A．She can’t afford that much for a trip.
B．She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.
C．She doesn’t think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.
D．She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Do you want to go on a trip with us to Australia this spring? It will cost about 15,000 dollars a person.
W: 15,000? Do you think my father has just left me a large fortune?
Q: What can be inferred about the woman?
9．A．Playing tennis. B．Writing a term paper.
C．Gathering materials. D．Holding a meeting.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Jack, would you like to join the school tennis club? It’s wonderful.
M: I should say I envy you. I just turned in my term paper and now I am collecting information for the school conference which is to begin next week.
Q: What is the man doing now?
10．A．The man was seriously injured in the car accident.
B．The man had poor imagination because of the car accident.
C．The man wasn’t wearing the seat belt when the accident happened.
D．The man’s daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Thanks to the seat belt, otherwise you would have been seriously injured in the car accident.
M: Yes. I can hardly imagine what would happen if I hadn’t taken my daughter’s advice before leaving home?
Q: What can be learned from the conversation?

Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Future researchers. B. College students.
C. Company employees. D. Successful artists.
12. A. To teach the listeners how to work hard.
B. To enable the listeners to get better salaries.
C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.
D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.
13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. C
【解析】
【原文】On this graduation ceremony I’d like to offer my sincere congratulations to you all. Well done, everyone. I’ve got three tips to share with you, hoping to make a direction for the future life after your graduation from college.
Tip one: There are few things that get you over your own crop more than working hard. Do you want to know how to work hard? It’s not difficult. All you have to do is to listen. Listen to what’s going on around you. Learn how the project you are working on fits into the big picture. Learn how you fit in. When you truly understand how the big picture works, you start being able to expect changes and change your behavior.
Tip two: Be kind to everyone. I can’t stress this enough, but it remains true. Kindness will pay back invaluable rewards. Don’t you believe me? I’m sure that at some point you’ll have the opportunity to work for someone who used to be your assistant, or hire someone who used to be your boss.
Tip three: Stay interested. Is there anything you can’t stop thinking about? Keep doing it. Interest is the better part of success. You will be great at the things that you are willing to do.
Remember that you have time to figure out what you want to do. You have time to try again. Just have courage to do it so long as you’re willing to work hard.
Questions:
11. Whom is the speech aimed at?
12. Why does the speaker give the speech?
13. Which of the following is NOT a tip the speaker share?

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The benefits of walking. B. The importance of keeping fit.
C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly.
15. A. Because it needs much thinking.
B. Because people can improve their memory.
C. Because it is suitable for everyone.
D. Because people needn’t concentrate on it.
16. A. It is the easiest way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of people’s life.
C. It can make people’s hearts stronger. D. It prevents people suffering from cancers.
【答案】14. A 15. D 16. D
【解析】
【原文】Left foot, right foot, left foot, right foot … you can travel fast or slow. The movement of your feet gets you where you need to go. But it also gets you so much more! Walking is a basic, simple exercise that’s suitable for almost everyone.
Walking helps you in many ways. First it makes you heart stronger. Studies show regular walking reduces your chance of heart disease. Walking quickly for 30 minutes a day also helps control high blood pressure. It can reduce your chance of developing some cancers, too.
Want to lose weight? You need to burn 600 more calories each day than you eat. Walking is the easiest way. As people age, their brains don’t work as well. One in 14 people over 65 suffers from memory loss. Older people who walk six miles or more per week keep their brains in better shape.
Walking helps your mental health, too. Putting one foot in front of the other isn’t difficult. You don’t have to think about it, so you can concentrate on other things.
You can make walking part of your day. Instead of parking near your house, park a distance away and walk. Instead of taking the elevator, walk. Make walking a habit, and see how it makes you feel.
Questions:
14. What’s the topic of the passage?
15. Why is walking good for people’s mental health?
16. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about walking in the passage?

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. He has just been back from South America.
B. He has been burnt for a few hours.
C. He has been surfing the Internet for long.
D. He has been doing school work all night.
18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure.
B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom.
C. To release pressure from heavy work.
D. To look for information for his project.
19. A. Quite a few sites are just old event calendars.
B. It’s a waste of time to surf the Internet.
C. A lot of information can be found.
D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet.
20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests.
B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites.
C. It is hard to start chatting with others in the chatroom.
D. It’s hardly the best source of information available.
【答案】17. C 18. D 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Bryan. How are you doing? You look tired.
M: Oh, I’m a little burned out. I’ve been surfing the Net for the last few hours.
W: Were you doing schoolwork, or was it just for pleasure?
M: Well, I wanted to get some information on South America for a project I have, but I found a really interesting chat site with people from there and started chatting.
W: Well, did you get the information you needed?
M: Yes, but then we spent lots of time chatting about other interests.
W: I see. The Internet is a wonderful place. There is so much information available. Sometimes I find myself looking for one piece of information, but by the time I have finished, I have lot of more than I started off looking for.
M: I know. One thing I really don’t like about it, though, it takes so much longer to find things, because many sites are useless.
W: Yes, there is that, and also, I often find the same site over and over again in a search. That definitely wastes lots of my time.
M: And of course, there are sites that offer little to no relative information on the topic you are searching for. In my search today, I found quite a few sites that were nothing more than old event calendars.
W: Well, I’m sure they were useful to someone at some time, but they should be removed when they’re no longer of use to anyone.
M: I agree. With all the time I spend on it, I still find it to be the best source of information available. And speaking of information, I really should read though what I got on the Internet and start working on my subjects.
W: Okay. Good luck. It’s funny we had this chat, as I was just on my way home to surf the Net myself.
M: Well, it was nice talking to you, and maybe I’ll meet you in a chat room later tonight.
Questions:
17. Why does the man look tired?
18. Why did the man surf the Internet?
19. What’s the woman’s opinion about surfing the Internet?
20. What does the man NOT like about the Internet?

II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Rational People Think at the Margin
Decisions in life are rarely black and white but usually involve shades of gray. At dinner time, the decision you face is not between fasting and eating like a pig, but whether to take that extra spoonful of mashed potatoes. _____21_____ exams roll around, your decision is not between blowing them off and studying 24 hours a day, but whether to spend an extra hour reviewing your notes _____22_____ watching TV. Economists use the term “marginal changes” to describe minor adjustments to an _____23_____ (exist) plan of action.
In many situations, people make the best decisions by thinking at the margin. Margin means “edge,” so marginal changes are adjustments around the edges of _____24_____ you are doing. Suppose, for instance, that you ask a friend for advice about how many years to stay in school. If he compares for you the lifestyle of a person with a Ph. D．to _____25_____ of a grade school dropout, you might complain that this comparison is not helpful for your decision. You have some education already and most likely _____26_____ (decide) whether to spend an extra year or two in school. _____27_____ (make) this decision, you need to know the additional benefits that an extra year in school would offer (higher salaries throughout life and the sheer joy of learning), _____28_____ (combine) with the additional costs that you would pay (tuition and the forgone salaries while you are in school). By comparing these marginal benefits and marginal costs, you can evaluate whether the extra year is worthwhile and make the best decision _____29_____ is in your interest.
As _____30_____ (show) in this example, individuals and firms can make better decisions by thinking at the margin. A rational decision - maker takes an action if and only if the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost.
【答案】
21．When 22．instead of/rather than 23．existing 24．what 25．that 26．are deciding 27．To make 28．combined 29．that 30．is shown/shown

【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了边际思维在我们生活中的重要性、运用及好处。
21．考查状语从句连词。句意：当考试来临的时候，你要做的决定不是放弃考试还是24小时学习，而是是否多花一个小时复习笔记而不是看电视。分析句子可知，空处缺少从属连词，引导状语从句，结合句意，表示“当考试来临时”，用when引导时间状语从句。故填When。
22．考查短语。句意：当考试来临的时候，你要做的决定不是放弃考试还是24小时学习，而是是否多花一个小时复习笔记而不是看电视。根据reviewing your notes及watching TV可知，空前空后为并列结构，且表示“而不是”，可以填写instead of或者rather than。故填instead of/rather than。
23．考查形容词。句意：经济学家使用术语“边际变化”来描述对现有行动计划的微小调整。分析句子可知，空处缺少定语修饰plan，表示“现存的”，用对应的形容词existing。故填existing。
24．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：边际是“边缘”的意思，所以边际变化是围绕你所做事情的边缘进行的调整。分析句子可知，of为介词，其后句子是宾语从句，从句部分缺少doing的宾语，用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。

25．考查代词。句意：如果他帮你比较一个有博士学位的人的生活方式和一个小学辍学的人的生活方式，你可能会抱怨这种比较对你的决定没有帮助。根据句意可知，比较的是博士和小学辍学人的生活方式，在同一个句子中进行比较，用that/those指代句子的主语，lifestyle为单数，用that。故填that。
26．考查动词时态。句意：你已经接受了一些教育，很可能正在决定是否在学校多读一两年。根据You have some education already可知，语境表示正在决定是否继续读书，用现在进行时be doing，主语为you，be动词用are。故填are deciding。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了做出这个决定，你需要知道多上一年学能带来的额外好处（一生中更高的薪水和纯粹的学习乐趣），以及你要支付的额外成本（学费和在校期间放弃的工资）。根据语境可知，空处表示目的，用动词不定式to make表示目的。故填To make。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了做出这个决定，你需要知道多上一年学能带来的额外好处（一生中更高的薪水和纯粹的学习乐趣），以及你要支付的额外成本（学费和在校期间放弃的工资）。分析本句可知，空处要用非谓语动词，结合with，空处表示“与……结合”，用过去分词。故填combined。
29．考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过比较这些边际收益和边际成本，你可以评估额外一年是否值得，并做出符合你利益的最佳决定。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系代词引导定语从句，先行词为decision，由the best修饰，此处用关系代词that引导从句，作主语。故填that。
30．考查动词时态和语态及省略。句意：正如这个例子所示，个人和公司可以通过考虑边际来做出更好的决策。As引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少谓语，表示“被展示”，用一般现在时的被动语态，as is shown意思为：正如所示，此处is可以省略。故填is shown/shown。

Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A． live B．adapted C． perspective D．maximize E. costumes F. inject
G. credited H. directorial I. publicity J. prospect K. integrated
Young Chinese opera director broadens traditional art form
“Chinese opera art is like a huge sponge, constantly absorbing, transforming, merging and flourishing,” says traditional Chinese opera director Li Zhuoqun, who is ____31____with creating a market for traditional opera shows in small theaters across China.
Performed in 2013, Li Zhuoqun’s first ____32____work “Death Do Us Part” is a story ____33____from the 14th-century Chinese classic novel “Water Margin”. Li, a graduate of the National Academy of Chinese Theater Arts, says that performing this classic piece for today’s audience is an experiment and a challenge.
“We decided to shorten the divorce scene that lasted four or five days in order to ____34____ the effect of our vocals and dramatic performances. We also invited modern dancers to work with us. We ____35____the performance methods of traditional opera with the rhythm of modem dance.”
Li defines her team as “small, deep, refined and broad”. She explained, “‘Small’ in its size, volume and ____36____. ‘Deep’ refers to our performance and the depth of the script. ‘Refined’ refers to the production of the ____37____ makeup, props, sound and light. ‘Broad’ refers to its ____38____ and operation.”
“We target all ages and a wider audience.” To Li, traditional opera is “the art of regret” due to the unique charm of ____39____ performances. She aims to allow the audience to enjoy every minute of the show and draw more people to the theater. Li said, “We hope to find a possibility for small theater opera to make a breakthrough in terms of the market and target audience. With the development of aesthetics (审美) and society, our generation needs to _____40_____a wider and more varied artistic vocabulary into traditional opera. Yet it should still develop on the basis of maintaining the characteristics of traditional opera.”
【答案】
31． G 32．H 33．B 34．D 35．K
36．C 37．E 38．I 39．A 40．F

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国戏曲青年导演拓宽了传统艺术形式。
31．考查动词。句意：“中国戏曲艺术就像一块巨大的海绵，不断地吸收、改造、融合和繁荣，”中国传统戏曲导演李卓群说，他被认为为中国各地的小剧场创造了传统戏曲表演市场。根据句意可知，此处表示“被认为”，credited符合句意，与空前is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故选G。
32．考查形容词。句意：2013年，李卓群导演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改编自14世纪中国经典小说《水浒传》。根据句意可知，此处表示“导演的”，directorial符合句意，修饰名词work，作定语。故选H。
33．考查非谓语动词。句意：2013年，李卓群导演的第一部作品《至死不渝》上映，故事改编自14世纪中国经典小说《水浒传》。根据句意可知，此处表示“改编”，adapted符合句意，属于过去分词，作后置定语。故选B。
34．考查动词。句意：为了最大限度地发挥我们的声音和戏剧效果，我们决定缩短4、5天的离婚场面。根据句意可知，此处表示“使增加到最大限度”，maximize符合句意，固定搭配in order to do sth.，空处使用动词原形。故选D。
35．考查动词。句意：我们将传统戏曲的表演方法与现代舞的节奏相结合。根据句意可知，此处表示“（使）合并，成为一体”，integrated符合句意，此处是一般过去时。故选K。
36．考查名词。句意：“小”是指它的大小、体积和视角。根据句意可知，此处表示“视角”，perspective符合句意。故选C。
37．考查名词。句意：“精致”指的是服装、化妆、道具、声光的制作。根据句意可知，此处表示“服装”，costumes符合句意。故选E。
38．考查名词。句意：“广”指的是宣传和经营。根据句意可知，此处表示“宣传”，publicity符合句意。故选I。
39．考查形容词。句意：对李来说，由于现场表演的独特魅力，传统戏曲是“遗憾的艺术”。根据句意可知，此处表示“现场的”，live符合句意，修饰名词performances，作定语。故选A。
40．考查动词。句意：随着审美和社会的发展，我们这代人需要为传统戏曲注入更广泛、更丰富的艺术词汇。根据句意可知，此处表示“注入”，inject符合句意，固定搭配need to do，空处使用动词原形。故选F。

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
Now that we have briefly explored the history of the short story and heard from a few of its creators, let us consider the role of the reader. Readers are not empty vessels that wait, ___41___ raised, to receive a teacher’s or a critic’s interpretation. They bring their unique life experiences to the story. With these___42___ , the best readers also bring their attention, their reading skills, and most importantly, their___43___ to a reading of a story.
My students always___44___ me to discuss, analyze, interpret, and evaluate the stories we read without destroying the excitement of being beamed up into another world. For years I ___45___with one response after the other to this challenge. Then one day I read an article by a botanist who had explored the beauty of flowers by x-raying them. His illustrations showed the rose and the lily in their___46___ beauty, and his x-rays___47___the wonders of their construction. I brought the article to class, where we discussed the benefits of examining the internal structure of flowers, relationships, current events, and short stories.
A short story, ___48___ , is not a fossil to admire. Readers must ask questions, guess at the answers,___49___what will happen next, then read to discover. They and the author form a partnership that brings the story to life. Awareness of this partnership keeps the original excitement alive through discussion, analysis, interpretation, and ____50____. Literary explorations allow the reader to admire the authors’____51____ as well as their artistry. In fact, original appreciation may be enhanced by this x-ray vision. The final step is to appreciate once again the story____52____— to put the pieces back together.
Now it is your turn. Form a partnership with your author. During your____53____in reading, enter into a dialogue with the published scholars featured in Short Stories for Students. Through this____54____with experts you will revise, enrich, or____55____your original observations and interpretations.
During this adventure, I hope you will feel the same as the listeners that surround the neck of my Pueblo storyteller.
41．A．hands B．sails C．flags D．lids
42．A．considerations B．explorations C．associations D．interpretations
43．A．imagination B．eagerness C．determination D．affection
44．A．begged B．supported C．encouraged D．challenged
45．A．dealt B．struggled C．fought D．engaged
46．A．external B．artificial C．classical D．traditional
47．A．ensured B．analyzed C．revealed D．delivered
48．A．however B．furthermore C．therefore D．besides
49．A．interpret B．anticipate C．predict D．tell
50．A．conclusion B．evaluation C．summary D．appreciation
51．A．craftsmanship B．intentions C．depth D．character
52．A．by itself B．in vain C．in question D．as a whole
53．A．observation B．involvement C．experiment D．adventure
54．A．journey B．process C．dialogue D．contact
55．A．recall B．confirm C．identify D．cancel
【答案】
41．D 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．B 46．A 47．C 48．A 49．C 50．B 51．A 52．D 53．D 54．C 55．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了读者应该如何去阅读。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：读者不是揭开瓶盖的空瓶，等待着接受老师或评论者的解读。A. hands手；B. sails帆；C. flags旗帜；D. lids盖子。根据句中“empty vessels”，“wait”和“to receive a teacher’s or a critic’s interpretation”可推知，作者把读者比喻成“揭开瓶盖的空瓶子”，在等待着解读。故选D项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这些联系，最优秀的读者会带入他们的兴趣，他们的阅读技巧，最重要的是，他们对阅读故事的渴望。A. considerations考虑；B. explorations探索；C. associations联系；D. interpretations解释。根据上文“They bring their unique life experiences to the story.”可知，读者会把自己独特的生活经历与故事联系起来。故选C项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这些联系，最优秀的读者会带入他们的兴趣，他们的阅读技巧，最重要的是，他们对阅读故事的渴望。A. imagination想像；B. eagerness渴望；C. determination决心；D. affection喜爱。根据下文“Readers must ask questions, guess at the answers, 　9 　what will happen next,”可推知，读者会预测接下来会发生什么，所以会用到想像力。故选A项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的学生总是挑战我，让我讨论、分析、解释和评价我们读到的故事，同时又不破坏进入另一个世界的兴奋感。A. begged请求；B. supported支持；C. encouraged鼓励；D. challenged挑战。根据句中“to discuss, analyze, interpret, and evaluate the stories we read without destroying the excitement of being beamed up into another world.”和下文“For years I 　15　with one response after the other to this challenge.”可知，学生向作者提出挑战。故选D项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，面对一个接一个的挑战，我努力去寻找答案。A. dealt处理；B. struggled奋力前进，艰难行进；C. fought战斗；D. engaged参加，从事。根据句中“one response after the other”和“this challenge”可推知，学生的要求很高，面对一个又一个挑战，作者奋力前行。故选B项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的插图展示了玫瑰和百合的外在美，他的X射线揭示了它们的构造奇迹。A. external外部的；B. artificial人工的；C. classical经典的；D. traditional传统的。结合常识和句中“illustrations”可推知，插图或图片展示的是外在美。故选A项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的插图展示了玫瑰和百合的外在美，他的X射线揭示了它们的构造奇迹。A. ensured确保；B. analyzed分析；C. revealed揭露；D. delivered递送。根据上文可知，插图展示花的外在美，相应的X射线“揭示”了其内部构造。故选C项。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个短篇故事并不是要去欣赏的化石。A. however然而；B. furthermore此外；C. therefore因此；D. besides而且。根据下文“Readers must ask questions, guess at the answers”可知，短篇故事需要提出问题并猜测答案，并不是仅仅摆在那里去观赏的化石，上下文有转折关系。故选A项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：读者必须提出问题，猜测答案，预测接下来会发生什么，然后通过阅读来发现。A. interpret解释；B. anticipate预期；C. predict预测；D. tell告诉。根据句中“what will happen next”可知，预测将会发生什么。故选C项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：认识到这种伙伴关系，通过讨论、分析、解释和评价，保持原有的激情。A. conclusion结论；B. evaluation评价；C. summary总结；D. appreciation欣赏。根据上文“discussion, analysis, interpretation”可推知，读者会讨论、分析、解释和评价文学作品。故选B项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：文学探索让读者欣赏作者的技艺和艺术技巧。A. craftsmanship技艺；B. intentions目的；C. depth深度；D. character性格。根据“artistry”可推知，读者会欣赏作者的技艺和艺术技巧。故选A项。
52．考查介词短语辨析。句意：最后一步是再次把故事作为一个整体来欣赏——把碎片拼在一起。A. by itself单独地；B. in vain徒然；C. in question讨论中的；D. as a whole作为一个整体。根据句中“to put the pieces back together”可知，要把故事拼起来，作为一个整体。故选D项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你的阅读冒险中，与出版过《学生短篇小说》的学者进行对话。A. observation观察；B. involvement参与；C. experiment实验；D. adventure冒险。根据最后一段中“During this adventure, I hope you will feel the same as the listeners that surround the neck of my Pueblo storyteller.”可推知，作者把与这一阅读和对话视为冒险活动。故选D项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过与专家的对话，你将修正、丰富或确认你原来的观察和解释。A. journey旅行；B. process步骤；C. dialogue对话；D. contact联系。根据上文“a dialogue with the published scholars”可知，读者会与专家对话。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过与专家的对话，你将修正、丰富或确认你原来的观察和解释。A. recall记起；B. confirm确定；C. identify认出；D. cancel取消。根据上文可知，读者会与专家对话，结合句中“revise, enrich”可推知，通读对话，读者能修正、丰富或确认之前的观察和解释。故选B项。

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I had always been one of those quiet boys who preferred dreams to the real world. I was, in addition, absurdly shy, and therefore often mistaken for a fool, which upset me deeply. For nothing terrified me more than the prospect of correcting a false impression. Though I was often blamed by mistakes made by my classmates, I never dare to say a word in self-defense. I would simply go home to hide in a corner and cry. My greatest pleasure was to sit alone, reading, and let my thoughts drift away in the stories.
My daydreams were in sharp contrast to real life; they were full of adventures and heroic deeds. They left marks on me. There was, for instance, a book about the history of the Roman Empire, in which an ambassador, while negotiating a treaty, was told that he was to accept the terms offered, on pain of death: his response was to plunge his arm into a fire and continue with his deliberations, in absolute calm. Inspired by his courage, I proceeded to test my own powers of resilience by plunging my own hand into the fire, only to burn my fingers badly. I can still see that ambassador, smiling calmly through his pain. Father hated my reading all the time, and sometimes he threw away my books. Some nights he refused to let me turn on the light in my bedroom. But I could always find a way, and after he caught me reading by the light of a string-wick lamp, he gave up and left me to it.
There was a time when I tried my hand at writing; indeed, I even made a few little poems, but I quickly abandoned my efforts. No matter what I had bottled up inside me, I was extremely anxious about letting it out, and so my adventures in writing ended. I did, however, carry on painting. There was, I thought, no risk of revealing anything personal. I just took something from the outside world and brought it to life on paper. Sometimes I did hide some personal expression in it, but I made sure that it was visible enough to be seen and trivial enough to be ignored. The first time I showed my painting to my father, he was caught in silence for a while and then he breathed deeply, and said: “My son finally made something.” Then here I am, as a teacher at the Academy of Fine Arts, wondering how everything happened, from my daydreams to painting.
56．The sentence “They left marks on me.” (in paragraph 2) means ________.
A．daydreams did nothing but hurt the writer badly
B．daydreams influenced the writer's behavior in real life
C．the writer had lasting memory of the books he read
D．the writer couldn't distinguish books form reality
57．The writer gave up writing because ________.
A．it was not as interesting as reading
B．he was too shy to reveal his inner world
C．he couldn't write good works
D．his father didn't like him writing
58．Throughout the passage what can we learn about the writer's father?
A．He was impressed with his son's painting
B．He didn't like the personality of his son.
C．He was touched by his son's persistence in reading.
D．He had a high expectation of his son in writing.
59．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．the power of reading B．the writer's adventurous daydreams
C．reflection on the start of a career D．the efforts made to be painter
【答案】56．B 57．B 58．A 59．C

【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己是一个安静，害羞，爱阅读，喜欢做白日梦的孩子，但这一切都为自己以后的工作奠定了基础。
56．句意猜测题。根据第二段句首“My daydreams were in sharp contrast to real life; they were full of adventures and heroic deeds.(我的白日梦和现实形成对比；梦中充满了冒险和英雄的行为)”可知，他的这些白日梦对作者的真实世界有影响。故选B。
57．细节理解题。根据第三段“No matter what I had bottled up inside me, I was extremely anxious about letting it out, and so my adventures in writing ended. (无论我在内心怎样想，我都极度担心将这些思想流露出来。因此我的写作冒险结束了)”可知，作者放弃写作是因为他太内向了，而不愿表露自己的心声。故选B。
58．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The first time I showed my painting to my father, he was caught in silence for a while and then he breathed deeply, and said:‘My son finally made something.’(第一次我将我的绘画拿给父亲看的时候，他沉默一会儿，然后深深呼吸一下，说到‘我的儿子终于有出息了’）”可知，他被儿子的绘画打动了，故选A。
59．主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲述了小时候的爱好对后天的工作将会产生很大的影响，故选C。

(B)
Also of interest...in family dramas
The Travelers
by Regina Porter (Hogarth, $27)
Though Regina Porter’s formally daring first novel “can feel too much like a jigsaw puzzle,” it achieves a “simply stunning” level of complexity, said Meng Jin in the San Fracisco Chronicle. As the first-time novelist tells the stories of two Georgia families — one black, one white — she weaves together events from 1946 to 2010 while deftly shifting between play-like dialogue, straight narrative, and various other modes. Not one character is a mere extra, and the impressive result “looks very much like life.”
Ask Again, Yes
by Mary Beth Keane (Scribner, $27)
Mary Beth Keane’s new novel is “one of the most unpretentiously profound books I’ve read in a long time,” said Maureen Corrigan in NPR.org. In 1973 New York City, two rookie cops forge a friendship that shapes the lives of the Irish-American families they raise side by side in a nearby suburb. Because each chapter is told from a new perspective, we come to know almost every member of those families, and Keane “beautifully dramatizes” how lives are built on a series of happenstances, including tragic ones.
Native Country of the Heart
by Cherrie Moraga (Farrar, Straus & Giroux, $26)
“This memoir’s beauty is in its fierce intimacy,” said Roy Hoffman in The News York Times. Playwright Cherrie Moraga makes her mother the heroine of the book, bringing the late immigrant’s story to life “with a poet’s verve.” Mexican-born Elvira Moraga, who picked cotton in California at 11, sold cigarettes in Tijuana at 14, and never learned to read, became the heart and soul of a large extended family. Here, she’s a character too resonant to be merely emblematic.
The Edge of Every Day
by Marin Sardy (Pantheon, $26)
Mental illness leaves no one in a family untouched, said Alison Van Houten in Outside. In a book whose nonlinear structure “mimics the erratic nature of schizophrenia,” essayist Marin Sardy bringing the describes how the disorder struck her mother and a brother, scrambling life for all the children. Her mother’s paranoid delusions disrupted their schooling; years later, Sardy’s brother, after refusing help, committed suicide. “How does one lead any semblance of a normal life under such circumstances?” Sardy shows us how.
Note:
1. resonant: 共振的，共鸣的    2. emblematic: 象征的，典型的
3. nonlinear: 非线性的         4.schizophrenia: 精神分裂症
60．Which book touches upon a personal family tragedy?
A．The Travelers. B．Ask Again, Yes.
C．Native Country of the Heart. D．The Edge of Every Day.
61．Which of the following about each book is TRUE?
A．The Travelers tells a straightforward story about two Georgia families.
B．The thread running through Ask Again,Yes is Irish way of life.
C．Native Country of the Heart was written in memory of Elvira Moraga.
D．The Edge of Every Day describes one’s struggle against mental diseases.
62．What do the four books have in common?
A．They were published by the same publishing house.
B．They belong to he same type of literary works.
C．The stories were ll set in the last century.
D．They represented the peak level of each writer.
【答案】60．C 61．B 62．B

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是让人感兴趣的家庭戏剧。
60．细节理解题。根据文章小标题“Native Country of the Heart”下的“Mexican-born Elvira Moraga, who picked cotton in California at 11, sold cigarettes in Tijuana at 14, and never learned to read, became the heart and soul of a large extended family. Here, she’s a character too resonant to be merely emblematic.”可知，埃尔维拉·莫拉加出生于墨西哥，11岁时在加利福尼亚摘棉花，14岁时在提华纳卖香烟，从未学会阅读，却成为了一个大家庭的核心和灵魂。在这里，她是一个太有共鸣的角色，而不仅仅是象征性的。由此可知，这本书涉及到一个个人的家庭悲剧。故选C。
61．细节理解题。根据文章小标题“Ask Again, Yes”下的“In 1973 New York City, two rookie cops forge a friendship that shapes the lives of the Irish-American families they raise side by side in a nearby suburb. Because each chapter is told from a new perspective, we come to know almost every member of those families”可知，1973年的纽约，两个新警察在附近的郊区建立了友谊，这友谊塑造了他们共同抚养的爱尔兰裔美国家庭的生活。因为每一章都是从一个新的视角讲述的，所以我们几乎了解了这些家庭的每一个成员。由此可知，Ask Again, Yes描述的是爱尔兰人的生活方式。故选B。
62．推理判断题。根据文章的题目“Also of interest…in family dramas”可知，文章主要介绍的书都是家庭剧，即它们属于同一类型的文学作品。故选B。

(C)
Every year millions of breeding monarch butterflies in the U.S. and southern Canada search for milkweed plants on which to lay their eggs. Concern over shrinking habitat （居住地）has urged conservationists to create monarch-friendly spaces along roadsides, which are more than enough within the butterflies range and usually publicly owned. But traffic noise stresses monarch caterpillars out, a new study finds. They eventually do become desensitized to it—but that might cause trouble to them later on, too.
Noise pollution is known to affect the lives of birds, whales and other creatures. But until recently, scientists had never tested whether it leads to a stress response in insects. When Andy Davis, a conservation physiologist at the University of Georgia, noticed online videos of roadside monarch caterpillars apparently trembling as cars came by, he wondered how the constant noise might affect them. Davis built a custom caterpillar heart monitor, fitting a small sensor into a microscope to precisely measure monarch caterpillars’ heart rates as they listened to recordings of traffic sounds in the laboratory.
The hearts of caterpillars exposed to highway noise for two hours beat 17 percent faster than those of caterpillars in a silent room. But the heart rates of the noise-exposed group returned to baseline levels after hearing the traffic sounds nonstop for their entire 12-day development period, Davis and his colleagues reported in May in Biology Letters.
This desensitization could be problematic when the caterpillars become adults, Davis says. A rapid stress response is vital for monarch butterflies on their two-month journey to spend winters in Mexico, as they narrowly escape predators（捕食者）and fight wind currents.
Whether a noisy developmental period reduces monarchs’ survival rates remains unknown, notes Ryan Norris, an ecologist at the University of Guelph in Ontario, who was not involved in the study. But in any case, he believes roadside habitat almost certainly drive up the butterflies’ death rates as a result of crashes with cars. ”There is so much potential road habitat for monarchs and other insects一it would be such a nice thing to capitalize on,” Norris says. ‌“But you just can’t get around the traffic.” Davis adds: ”I think roads and monarchs just don’t mix.”
63．By ‌“They eventually do become desensitized to it”, the writer means that.
A．monarch caterpillars react less strongly to noise
B．monarch caterpillars are stressed out by road noise
C．conservationists are worried about butterflies habitat
D．conservationists no longer create monarch-friendly spaces
64．What inspired Andy Davis to explore the effect of noise on monarch caterpillars?
A．There had been little research on monarch caterpillars.
B．Videos showed cars crashed into monarch caterpillars.
C．There was no such record of monarch caterpillars’ heart rates.
D．He found that monarch caterpillars shook with cars moving by.
65．According to Andy Davis, how will exposure to noise influence monarch butterflies?
A．They are likely to need more time to develop.
B．They are likely to lose their way on their journey.
C．They are more likely to be killed in their migration.
D．They are more likely to die before they become adults.
66．What is Ryan Norris most likely to agree with?
A．Monarchs5 survival rates are decreasing each year.
B．It is not recommended that roadside habitat be built for insects.
C．More capital is needed to study monarchs? developmental period.
D．Butterflies’ rising death rates have nothing to do with moving cars.
【答案】63．A 64．D 65．C 66．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高速公路的噪音对黑脉金斑蝶的影响。
63．推理判断题。根据根据第一段中“But traffic noise stresses monarch caterpillars out, a new study finds.  They eventually do become desensitized to it—but that might cause trouble to them later on, too.(但一项新的研究发现，交通噪音会让帝王蝶毛虫感到压力。他们最终会对它脱敏，但这也可能会在以后给他们带来麻烦)”第三段中“The hearts of caterpillars exposed to highway noise for two hours beat 17 percent faster than those of caterpillars in a silent room.  But the heart rates of the noise-exposed group returned to baseline levels after hearing the traffic sounds nonstop for their entire 12-day development period, Davis and his colleagues reported in May in Biology Letters.(在高速公路噪音中暴露两个小时的毛毛虫的心脏跳动速度比在安静房间中的毛毛虫快17%。但是，戴维斯和他的同事在5月份的《生物学快报》上报告说，在整个12天的发育期内，一直听到交通声音的噪音组的心率恢复到了基线水平)”可推知，作者说“They eventually do become desensitized to it”的意思是黑脉金斑蝶幼虫对噪音的反应较弱。故选A项。
64．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When Andy Davis, a conservation physiologist at the University of Georgia, noticed online videos of roadside monarch caterpillars apparently trembling as cars came by, he wondered how the constant noise might affect them.  Davis built a custom caterpillar heart monitor, fitting a small sensor into a microscope to precisely measure monarch caterpillars’ heart rates as they listened to recordings of traffic sounds in the laboratory.(当乔治亚大学的保护生理学家安迪·戴维斯(Andy Davis)在网上看到路边黑脉金斑毛虫在汽车经过时明显颤抖的视频时，他想知道持续的噪音会如何影响它们。戴维斯制作了一个定制的毛虫心脏监测器，在显微镜上安装了一个小传感器，当它们在实验室里听交通声音录音时，可以精确测量帝王蝶的心率)”可知，安迪·戴维斯发现黑脉金斑蝶毛虫会随着汽车的移动而晃动，启发他去探索噪音对帝王蝶毛虫的影响。故选D项。
65．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“This desensitization could be problematic when the caterpillars become adults, Davis says.  A rapid stress response is vital for monarch butterflies on their two-month journey to spend winters in Mexico, as they narrowly escape predators and fight wind currents.(戴维斯说，当毛虫成年后，这种脱敏可能会产生问题。在两个月的墨西哥过冬之旅中，快速的压力反应对帝王蝶来说至关重要，因为它们可以侥幸逃脱捕食者并与气流作斗争)”可知，露在噪音中会使他们更有可能在迁徙过程中被杀害。故选C项。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether a noisy developmental period reduces monarchs’ survival rates remains unknown, notes Ryan Norris, an ecologist at the University of Guelph in Ontario, who was not involved in the study.  But in any case, he believes roadside habitat almost certainly drive up the butterflies’ death rates as a result of crashes with cars. ” There is so much potential road habitat for monarchs and other insects一it would be such a nice thing to capitalize on,” Norris says.  ‌“But you just can’t get around the traffic.”  Davis adds: ”I think roads and monarchs just don’t mix.”(安大略圭尔夫大学(University of Guelph)的生态学家瑞安·诺里斯(Ryan Norris)没有参与这项研究，他指出，吵闹的发育时期是否会降低帝王蝶的存活率尚不清楚。但无论如何，他认为路边栖息地几乎肯定会导致蝴蝶因车祸而死亡。“对于帝王蝶和其他昆虫来说，有这么多潜在的道路栖息地一这将是一件很好的事情，”诺里斯说。“但是你就是无法避开交通堵塞。”戴维斯补充说:“我认为道路和帝王蝶不能混在一起。”)”可知，瑞安·诺里斯最有可能同意不建议在路边建造昆虫栖息地，因为他认为道路和帝王蝶不能混在一起。故选B项。

Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Changing Someone’s Mind at the Dinner Table
Family gatherings can bring up topics we prefer to avoid. With the festive season in full swing, it might be hard to stay away from some annoying relatives. At some point, you know they will say something like: ”Genetically modified foods are not safe to eat“ or ”Climate change is a conspiracy”. (Surely, all these statements are untrue.)
____67____ “Is it worth making an effort to correct people?” says Jason Reifler at the University of Exeter, UK, who studies ways of challenging misperceptions. I think so. ____68____
Obviously, it is far more difficult to prove false beliefs wrong than to spread them.
Take a classic: “The climate has always changed, it’s nothing to do with humans.” To fight this, you need to explain how the world is now warming at an alarming rate, when otherwise it would be cooling slightly were it not for our carbon dioxide emissions.
____69____ “Parallel” arguments can often highlight logical errors very effectively, says John Cook of George Mason University, Virginia. For instance, the “climate is always changing” myth is like claiming that because people have always stolen from each other, leaving your house unlocked won’t increase the risk of burglary (入室抢劫).
But you need to be aware of the backfire (适得其反的)effect. ____70____ This was discouraging news for the fight against false beliefs. “The last thing you want to do when debunking (驳斥) misinformation is make matters worse,” wrote Cook and Stephan Lewandowsky at the University of Bristol, UK, in The Debunking Handbook, a short guide published in2011.  However, more recent studies are far more encouraging. It’s not as common as we initially thought,“ says Lewandowsky.
A．This is the idea that trying to change someone’s false belief can make them believe it more strongly.
B．However, more recent studies are far more encouraging.
C．Anyone can spread a lie, but it usually takes a bit of time and knowledge to explain why a statement is wrong.
D．But sometimes there are shortcuts to make your point convincing.
E．If you are not sure of the facts, do some web browsing on your phone rather than trying to wing it.
F．If this happens, you don’t have to just sit there quiet.

【答案】67．F 68．C 69．D 70．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何在餐桌上改变某人的想法。
67．根据后文““Is it worth making an effort to correct people?” says Jason Reifler at the University of Exeter, UK, who studies ways of challenging misperceptions. I think so.(“值得努力去纠正别人吗？”英国埃克塞特大学的Jason Reifler说，他研究的是如何挑战误解。我想是的。)”可知，后文提到Jason Reifler纠正别人是值得的，所以针对第一段发生的情况，不必只是坐在那里。故F选项“如果发生这种情况，你不必只是安静地坐在那里”符合语境，故选F。
68．根据上文““Is it worth making an effort to correct people?” says Jason Reifler at the University of Exeter, UK, who studies ways of challenging misperceptions. I think so.(“值得努力去纠正别人吗？”英国埃克塞特大学的Jason Reifler说，他研究的是如何挑战误解。我想是的。)”可知，上文提到Jason Reifler研究的是如何挑战误解，且鼓励人们去澄清误解，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明如何来解释一个陈述是错误的情况。故C选项“任何人都可以散布谎言，但通常需要一些时间和知识来解释为什么一个陈述是错误的”符合语境，故选C。
69．根据后文““Parallel” arguments can often highlight logical errors very effectively, says John Cook of George Mason University, Virginia. For instance, the “climate is always changing” myth is like claiming that because people have always stolen from each other, leaving your house unlocked won’t increase the risk of burglary (入室抢劫).(弗吉尼亚州乔治梅森大学的约翰·库克说，“平行”论证常常能非常有效地突出逻辑错误。例如，“气候总是在变化”的神话就像是声称因为人们总是互相偷东西，所以不锁房子不会增加入室盗窃的风险)”可知，后文提到“平行”论证常常能非常有效地突出逻辑错误，即有其它方法可以让自己的观点更令人信服。故D选项“但是有时候有捷径可以让你的观点令人信服”符合语境，故选D。
70．根据上文“But you need to be aware of the backfire (适得其反的) effect.(但你需要注意适得其反的效果)”以及后文“This was discouraging news for the fight against false beliefs.(对于打击错误信念的斗争来说，这是一个令人沮丧的消息)”可知，本句进一步论述会产生何种适得其反的效果：试图改变一个人的错误信念可以让他们更坚定地相信它。故A选项“这个观点认为，试图改变一个人的错误信念可以让他们更坚定地相信它”符合语境，故选A。

IV.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Absent-mindedness
“Most events of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention,” says Dr. Daniel Schacter, a distinguished psychologist and memory scientist. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”
“Encoding,” Schacter explains, “is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.” Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket of a jacket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget where exactly you put your mobile phone. Your memory itself isn’t failing you. Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.
As many people accept, women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that. Yes, visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness. But be sure the cue is clear and available. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don't leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox,” says Zelinski, a scientist from New York University. There are many cases in life where women can remember prices of bags of different brands while they tend to forget the specific place where they put their bags.
71.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Lack of attention or interest can result in absent-mindedness. Lack of attention refers either to not giving information to your memory system effectively for you to recall it later or to not recognizing visual cues in the environment, in which case the cue should be visual and approachable. Lack of interest causes us to forget what might otherwise be remembered.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，缺乏注意力或兴趣会导致心不在焉。缺乏注意力是指没有有效地将信息提供给你的记忆系统以便你以后回忆它，或者是没有识别环境中的视觉线索。同时，缺乏兴趣也会导致心不在焉，会使我们忘记原本可以记住的东西。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①“Most events of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention,” says Dr. Daniel Schacter, a distinguished psychologist and memory scientist.
②“Encoding,” Schacter explains, “is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later.”
③Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.
④Yes, visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness.
⑤Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness.
2.缜密构思
将第①、⑤两个要点进行重组，将第②、③、④三个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
①Lack of attention or interest can result in absent-mindedness.
②Lack of attention refers either to not giving information to your memory system effectively for you to recall it later or to not recognizing visual cues in the environment.
③Lack of interest causes us to forget what might otherwise be remembered.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Lack of attention refers either to not giving information to your memory system effectively for you to recall it later or to not recognizing visual cues in the environment, in which case the cue should be visual and approachable. 运用“in which case”引导的非限制性定语从句对原文第二段和第三段内容进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Lack of interest causes us to forget what might otherwise be remembered. 运用“what”引导的宾语从句对原文第四段内容进行了概括。

V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．每个人都对小女孩用蜡笔画出的这精美的图案惊叹不已。(marvel)
【答案】Everyone marveled at the beautiful pattern the little girl drew with her crayons.
【详解】考查固定短语、动词时态、冠词、名词。结合句意可知，事情已经发生，故句子时态为一般过去时；表示“对……惊叹不已”为固定短语marvel at；表示“图案”为名词pattern，结合句意可知为特指，故需要用定冠词the修饰；表示“用……（工具）”为介词with；表示“蜡笔”为crayon，结合常识可知，画一个精美的图案需要用到多支蜡笔，故用复数形式。故翻译为Everyone marveled at the beautiful pattern the little girl drew with her crayons.

73．儒教在中国历代盛行数千年,虽地位不如昔日举足轻重,但仍然是了解灿烂中华文明一把钥匙。(as … as)
【答案】Although Confucianism, which has been prevalent/widespread in China for thousands of years,is not as important as it used to be, it is still a key to understanding the splendid Chinese civilization.
【详解】考查状语从句，定语从句和固定短语。表示“虽然”用although，其引导让步状语从句；表示“儒教”用Confucianism；表示“儒教在中国历代盛行数千年”用which has been prevalent/widespread in China for thousands of years，该结构中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文的Confucianism，同时句子表述动作发生在过去对现在有影响，使用现在完成时，表示“盛行，流行”用prevalent或者widespread；表示“地位不如昔日举足轻重”用is not as important as it used to be；表示“仍然是了解灿烂中华文明一把钥匙”用it is still a key to understanding the splendid Chinese civilization。故翻译为Although Confucianism,which has been prevalent/widespread in China for thousands of years,is not as important as it used to be, it is still a key to understanding the splendid Chinese civilization。

74．显而易见，照片上的形象与我眼前的这个人一点不像。（look）
【答案】Obviously, the image in the photo looks nothing like the person in front of me.
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和短语。根据所给中文提示词，“显而易见”应该做状语，修饰后面整个句子，译为“obviously”，本句主语是“形象”，“照片上的”做定语修饰主语，所以译为“the image in the photo”，谓语动词根据题干要求，需用look，再根据句意此处应该用固定搭配：look like意为“看起来像”，“与我眼前的这个人一点不像”应译为“look nothing like the person in front of me”描述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语是“the image”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用“looks”。故译为：Obviously, the image in the photo looks nothing like the person in front of me.

75．项目化学习旨在培养学生解决实际问题的能力。(mean)
【答案】The project-based learning is meant to develop students’ ability to solve practical problems.
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。“项目化学习”是the project-based learning，“旨在做某事”是be meant to do，“培养学生解决实际问题的能力”翻译为develop students’ ability to solve practical problems，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the project-based learning是不可数名词，其后be动词用is，因此整句话翻译为“The project-based learning is meant to develop students’ ability to solve practical problems”。故答案为The project-based learning is meant to develop students’ ability to solve practical problems.

VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
某英文网站刊登了一则征文广告如下，按照以下要求写一篇文章。
Articles Wanted
The most useful thing I have ever learned
What is the most useful things you have ever learned? Who did you learn it from? Why is it useful?
Write us an essay to answer these questions.
We’ll publish the best articles on our website.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The Most Useful Thing I Have Ever Learned
In my view, the most useful skill I’ve ever learned is first-aid. It is the provision of initial limited care for an illness or injury. I learned some first-aid skills in an activity that was held in our school and I put that into practical use the other day.
One day, on my way to school, I saw an old woman that just got hit by a bus. I came up and found that she was bleeding. Remembering some first-aid knowledge, I took out my handkerchief, covered wounds, and held the wound vigorously to stop the bleeding. When the doctor came, he spoke highly of what I did, saying that I did the right thing. This is why I think first-aid is the most useful thing I have ever learned.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就“我学过最有用的东西”写一篇作文，要求文章中讲到谈谈是从哪儿学到的，以及为什么如此重要。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在我看来：In my view → As far as I am concerned/In my eyes/In my opinion
最初的：initial → first/primary/beginning
活动：activity → event
用力地：vigorously → hard
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my view, the most useful skill I’ve ever learned is first-aid. It is the provision of initial limited care for an illness or injury.
拓展句：In my view, the most useful skill I’ve ever learned is first-aid, which is the provision of initial limited care for an illness or injury.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I learned some first-aid skills in an activity that was held in our school and I put that into practical use the other day.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I came up and found that she was bleeding.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】When the doctor came, he spoke highly of what I did, saying that I did the right thing.（运用了When引导的时间状语从句、what引导的宾语从句和that引导的宾语从句）