新高考英语模拟试卷09卷 （原卷版+解析版+听力材料）

这是一份新高考英语模拟试卷09卷 （原卷版+解析版+听力材料），文件包含高考英语模拟试卷九解析版docx、高考英语模拟试卷九原卷版docx、高考英语模拟试卷九听力音频mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。
高考英语模拟试卷（九）
（时间：120分钟； 满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡山。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡山。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where will the man probably go to relax?
A. The night club. B. The gym. C. The bar.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】
M: Hello, I’m looking for a place to relax. Do you have any recommendations?
W: Yes. Our hotel has two swimming pools, a bar, a gym and a night club.
M: Thank you. I think all I need is a good sweat.
2. How does the man feel about the team’s performance?
A. Encouraged. B. Unconcerned. C. Disappointed.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】
W: Hey. Have you been watching any of the World Cup soccer matches?
M: Well, I was watching until my favorite team lost in the first round. They should have made it all the way to the final, but a series of events cost the team the opportunity.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Brain training. B. Language learning. C. Game playing.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】
M: Did you know, Sophia, that scientists believe learning a second language can improve
brainpower?
W: Oh, yes. Besides studying a foreign language, there are other ways to train our brain, such as
doing a crossword puzzle or playing chess.
4. Why is Jack mentioned in the conversation?
A. He may have a good idea.
B. He might want to go to Antarctic.
C. He can help the man with his work.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】
W: Would you go to the Antarctic next Friday with me?
M: I am afraid there is no time as I am busy these days. Maybe you can ask Jack. He likes the
idea of a trip to the Antarctic.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Relatives. C. Classmates.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】
M: That is a lovely bunch of flowers. Who is it for?
W: My brother. Today is his graduation day. I want it to be special.
M: I hope we are also given flowers on graduation day in four years.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、
C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，
每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读
两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man come to the woman for?
A. An old car. B. A suitcase. C. Some money.
7. How did the man get the money for his trip?
A. By taking out a loan.
B. By selling his CD collection.
C. By borrowing from the woman.
【答案】 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】
M: Hey, Rachel. Can I borrow your large suitcase? 
W: Why do you need it?
M: Some friends and I are going to Hawaii next week, and my suitcase is not big enough. 
W: How can you afford the trip? You still owe me $500 for that old car.
M: I took out a loan.
W: How foolish you are! I took out a loan once, and it took me forever to pay it back.
M: Don’t worry. I’d sell my mountain bike or my CD collection, or you could lend me more
money. 
W: Forget it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the man have to book the indirect flight?
A. To suit his schedule. B. To save money. C. To visit Beijing.
9. Which flight will the man take from Beijing to Guangzhou?
A. CZ348. B. AF128. C. CA132.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】
M: I’d like to book a ticket from Paris to Guangzhou next week.
W: Please wait a moment. Yes, we have one flight – CZ348 from Paris to Guangzhou on Thursday.
It is a direct flight.
M: Oh, no. I have to leave Paris on Saturday. Could you check to see if there are any other airlines
available? I don’t mind changing flights or a night flight.
W: Just a second, please. Yes, we have one indirect flight. That is AF128 which takes off in Paris
and arrives the next day in Beijing, then it will change from Beijing to Guangzhou by CA132. It is available on Saturday and it is cheaper. Do you want to book them?
M: OK.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man arguing with the woman about?
A. Which seat is proper to sit on.
B. How he can use writing materials.
C. Whether coffee drinking is permitted.
11. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the library. B. In the classroom. C. At a shop.
12. What will the man probably do next?
A. Prepare for his paper. B. Take his coffee outside. C. Start reading his books.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】
W: I’m sorry, but you can’t drink coffee in here.
M: Why? It’s not hurting anybody.
W: No, but it might hurt the books. There’s always the danger that you might spill it on materials.
M: But I’m not using any materials here. I’m just studying and writing this paper. How could I
spill coffee on anything here?
W: Another student could easily sit down here and start reading next to you. Or someone passing
could just knock your cup over onto themselves. Accidents do happen.
M: But I’m being careful. I’ll set it over here, see?
W: Look, many people here are using our books. We cannot keep an eye on each person’s activity
all the time. That’s why we don’t permit drinks here.
M: OK. You win.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.When is the deadline for the term paper?
A. Next Monday. B. Next Friday. C. Next Tuesday.
14. What made the man absent from the biology experiment?
A. Getting a terrible flu.
B. Preparing for an exam.
C. Visiting his roommate’s mom.
15. What is professor Anton’s advice about?
A. How to use time wisely.
B. How to write term papers.
C. How to design a bright future.
16. What can we say about the woman?
A. Modest. B. Understanding C. Ambitious.
17. Who influence Ren’s choice of major?
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】
M: Morning, Professor. I know the term paper’s due next Monday, but, um, could I turn it in by
the end of next week instead?
W: So, what’s happening?
M: About two weeks ago, I went with my roommate to see his sick mom. That caused me to miss
the biology experiment. And I got the flu last week. Besides, I have a huge maths final coming
up on Tuesday that I really need to study for this weekend.
W: OK, I can understand that. But what about the two weeks after I first assigned the term paper?
M: Uh...I guess I didn’t use that time very well.
W: Boy, my professor Anton once told me there are lots of small gaps during school days - 15
minutes, or half an hour. What you do during those gaps will make a big difference to your
future.
M: Wow! That’s great advice.
W: Then you can turn your paper in no later than 9 a.m. Friday, right here on my office desk.
听第10段独白，回答第17至20题。
A. Her classmates. B. Jane Goodall. C. Her parents.
18. Why did Ren found MyH2O?
A. To help her motherland.
B. To establish a data base.
C. To better her research in India.
19. How does MyH2O serve villagers?
A. It tests the water quality.
B. It purifies water for them.
C. It guides them to clean water.
20. What is Ren’s future plan?
A. Getting more awards.
B. Starting her own company.
C. Benefiting more people in need.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】
Ren Xiaoyuan from Beijing has won a top UN environmental award for her mobile app, which can tell the villagers where to find clean water.
Ren became interested in environmental issues as a teen. Like many of her classmates, she once considered good exam results the most important thing in life. And her parents encouraged her to compete for high marks. However, when she met Jane Goodall and joined her global youth program Roots and Shoots, she developed a passion for the environment.
While studying environmental engineering in the United States, she was involved in one research on rural water use in India, which aroused her interest in water issues. She was determined to do something for her motherland. She founded MyH2O, a data platform that provides information about the quality of groundwater in villages across the country, so villagers know where to find clean water to stay healthy. It also connects communities with private companies and non-profit organizations that provide drinking water solutions.
Ren will not be driven by awards. She wants to further her study, and her goal is to bring data-based solutions to poor areas.
第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
THE BEST HAWKER (叫卖小贩) CENTERS IN SINGAPORE
CHINATOWN COMPLEX FOOD CENTER
You can find all the must-try local foods here: Being the largest hawker centre in Singapore with over 260 food stands, this centre offers a full range of local dishes from chilli crab, black pepper crab to local juice and popular desserts.
Foods are offered at the cheapest prices: Food prices here are very reasonable and competitive. Diners can enjoy a plate of chicken rice or a bowl of laksa at prices from $2.50 to $3.00.
OLD AIRPORT ROAD FOOD CENTER
Singapore iconic hawker centre: One of the oldest and largest food courts in the island city, serves authentic delicious local food to many generations of Singaporeans. Absolutely, you will find all the popular Singaporean dishes there.
Offering the best soya beancurd in Singapore: It is home to some of the best soya beancurd stands. The beancurd is offered at $1. 50 per bowl for original flavour and $ 2.00 per bowl for almond flavor.
TIONG BAHRU MARKET HAWKER CENTER
A clean and spacious hawker centre: Decorated recently, this centre is now one of the cleanest and most spacious hawker centers in Singapore. You will definitely enjoy the airy, comfortable and relaxing atmosphere there.
Located right above one of the best wet markets in Singapore: The centre is on the second floor. On the first floor is a famous wet market with fresh produce. Therefore you can at once enjoy mouth-watering Singaporean foods and experience the original feature of a typical Singapore wet market during your visit.
CHOMP CHOMP FOOD CENTER
A hawker centre catering for late night diners: Unlike other food centers opening from morning to evening, this center starts from 18:00 until late every day. So if you want to have good hawker food at late hours, come here.
Serving some of the best satay in Singapore: To many Singaporean foodies, Chomp Chomp Food Centre is a satay mecca. Pork, beef, chicken and mutton satay are all available.
21．What do the first two centers have in common?
A．Both feature local dishes.
B．Both have a long history.
C．Both serve the best desserts.
D．Both are known for the lowest prices.
22．What is special about Tiong Bahru Market Hawker Center?
A．It offers the freshest produce.
B．It has better dining environment.
C．It is above a seafood market.
D．It's famous for its beancurd.
23．Which center should you go to for a midnight snack?
A．CHINATOWN COMPLEX FOOD CENTER
B．OLD AIRPORT ROAD FOOD CENTER
C．TIONG BAHRU MARKET HAWKER CENTER
D．CHOMP CHOMP FOOD CENTER
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了新加坡四个著名小吃中心。
21.A细节理解题。根据第一部分中“You can find all the must-try local foods here: Being the largest hawker centre in Singapore with over 260 food stands, this centre offers a full range of local dishes from chilli crab, black pepper crab to local juice and popular desserts.(这里是新加坡最大的小贩中心，拥有超过260个小吃摊，为您提供从辣椒蟹、黑椒蟹到当地果汁和流行甜点等各式各样的本地美食)”和第二部分中“Singapore iconic hawker centre: One of the oldest and largest food courts in the island city, serves authentic delicious local food to many generations of Singaporeans.(新加坡标志性的小贩中心：岛上最古老、最大的美食广场之一，为几代新加坡人提供正宗的本地美食)”可知，这两个地方都以地方食品为特色。故选A。
22.B细节理解题。根据第三部分第一段“A clean and spacious hawker centre: Decorated recently, this centre is now one of the cleanest and most spacious hawker centers in Singapore. You will definitely enjoy the airy, comfortable and relaxing atmosphere there.(一个干净宽敞的小贩中心：这个最近装修的中心现在是新加坡最干净、最宽敞的小贩中心之一。你一定会喜欢那里通风、舒适和放松的氛围)”可知，Tiong Bahru Market Hawker Center用餐环境比较好。故选B。
23.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“So if you want to have good hawker food at late hours, come here.(所以如果你想在深夜吃到好吃的小贩食物，来这里吧)”可知，如果想吃宵夜的话，可以到Chomp Chomp Food Center中去。故选D。
B
A very dear friend has been experiencing numerous challenges these past few months.She mentioned how it sometimes felt like she was hanging on by a thread with no quick fix in sight.
It reminded me that the monarch caterpillar （毛虫） that I cared for just changed into a butterfly that morning.After eating on milkweed leaves from our garden，the hungry caterpillar found a comfortable spot at the top of the net butterfly enclosure and spun a silken thread to attach itself there.The caterpillar hung upside down in a J shape for a day or so.Then，in less than a few hours of struggling，the caterpillar was a beautiful green butterfly!
All the research I've done indicates that the change into a butterfly should take between 10-12 days.I can only imagine what is going on there，but I'm sure it's a huge struggle and reforming.Haven't we all been doing the same to some degree lately？These especially challenging times are presenting us with the unavoidable experiences needed for our inner selves to use as food for growth.Not easy？You bet!Worth it？Yes!
Many thanks to our local library for the loan of the butterfly enclosure.They raised and released painted butterflies as part of their children's summer reading program this year.I had no idea that planting a few milkweed plants would lead to such a fascinating study of caterpillars and butterflies.The caterpillar has kept me mindfully occupied and fascinated during our recent COVID-19 self- isolation.
Hanging on by a thread as we transform，keep in mind the beautiful wings we are growing.We are all somewhere in the midst of that unbelievable process.Trust the process.Have faith.Know that you are becoming the most beautiful person that you can be.
24.What did the author's friend and the caterpillar have in common？______
A.They lived comfortably.
B.They suffered from hunger.
C.They experienced a hard situation.
D.They were well cared by the author.
25. What does the author say about the struggle concerning us in paragraph 3？______
A.It is necessary.
B.It is avoidable.
C.It is dangerous.
D.It is meaningless.
26. What does the author mainly want to encourage us to do in the last paragraph？______
A.Help friends in need timely.
B.Learn from other creatures sincerely.
C.Join in children's experimental projects.
D.Face the hardships of life optimistically.
27. What is the best title for the text？______
A.Life Is Hanging on by a Thread
B.Reinvent Yourself as a Butterfly
C.Avoid Challenging Experiences
D.We Are Fascinated by Butterflies
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
24.C推理判断题。根据第一段A very dear friend has been experiencing numerous challenges these past few months.She mentioned how it sometimes felt like she was hanging on by a thread with no quick fix in sight.在过去的几个月里，一位非常亲密的朋友经历了无数的挑战。她提到有时感觉自己像是被一根线拴住了，看不到快速修复方法。可知，作者的一位好朋友在过去的几个月里经历了无数的挑战，这让作者想起了那只帝王蝶幼虫，它刚刚在那个早晨变成了蝴蝶，故两者的共同之处是都经历了艰难的处境。故选C。
25.A细节理解题。根据第三段第四句The caterpillar has kept me mindfully occupied and fascinated during our recent COVID-19 self-isolation.在2019冠状病毒疾病的自我隔离中，卡特彼勒一直在密切关注我。可知，这些特别具有挑战性的时刻向我们展示了不可避免的经历，这些经历是我们内在自我成长所需的食物，故作者认为艰苦奋斗对于我们来说是必要的。故选A。
26.D推理判断题。根据最后一段Hanging on by a thread as we transform，keep in mind the beautiful wings we are growing.We are all somewhere in the midst of that unbelievable process.Trust the process.Have faith.Know that you are becoming the most beautiful person that you can be.在我们蜕变的过程中，紧紧抓住一根线，记住我们正在成长的美丽翅膀。我们都处在这一难以置信的过程中。信任这个过程。要有信心。要知道，你正在成为你能成为的最美丽的人。可知，我们都处在破茧成蝶的过程中。信任过程，坚定信心。要知道，你正在成为最美丽的自己，故作者主要想鼓励我们乐观地面对生活中的磨难。故选D。
27.B标题归纳题。作者通过毛虫变成蝴蝶的过程，感悟到人生的哲理：磨难是人生必须经历的，我们要勇敢、乐观地面对，故"破茧成蝶"为最佳标题。故选B。
C
More than 140 sign languages are used today,primarily by deaf communities around the world.Like spoken languages,each sign language has its own grammar,vocabulary and other special features.For example,American Sign Language is unintelligible（无法了解的）to British Sign language.In fact,American Sign language has more in common with French Sign Language,largely because French educators played a key role in helping get deaf schools founded in the United States during the 19th century.
There haven't been a lot of comparisons of sign languages.University of Texas,Austin linguist Justin Powers and his colleagues aim to address that information gap.In order to study the question of sign language evolution,they first collected a database of manual alphabets from dozens of different sign languages around the world.So a manual alpha-bet is kind of a subsystem within a sign language that is used to represent a written language.And there's a hand shape that corresponds to each letter.
To uncover relationships between the alphabets% the researchers used the same methods that biologists use to figure out relationships between different species,based on their DNA.The methods grouped sign languages in this study into five main European lineages（谱系）.And those were Austrian origin,British origin,French origin,Spanish and Swedish.Power says manual alphabets from Austria,France and Spain could date back to one-handed manual alphabets from 16th- and 17th-century Spain.But each of those lineages evolved independently of each other.
The study also confirmed the French origins of American Sign Language and those of other countries,including Mexico,Brazil and the Netherlands.Surprisingly,the Austrian manual alphabet influenced sign languages as far away as Russia.But while this lineage has largely died out,remains of it live on in Icelandic Sign language today.
Power says future research comparing the vocabularies of different sign languages could provide even more clues about how they've changed over time.Understanding how sign languages evolve would tell us a lot about the way that language,in general,evolves.
28.What can we know about American Sign Language？ ______
A. It was created by French educators.
B. It is less related to French Sign language.
C. It was further developed before the 19th century.
D. It has little in common with British Sign Language.
29.What is special about a manual alphabet？ ______
A. Every letter means a hand gesture.
B. It is used to replace the written language.
C. Every letter is the same as the normal alphabet.
D. It is used together with the shape of mouth.
30.What does the author think of the effect of the Austrian manual alphabet？ ______
A. Worrying. B. Astonishing.
C. Moving. D. Disappointing.
31.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？ ______
A. The changes of different sign languages.
B. The evolution of different sign languages.
C. The meaning of researching sign languages.
D. The vocabulary of different sign languages.
【答案】28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家手势语的起源及演变。
28.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的"For example,American Sign Language is unintelligible（无法了解的）to British Sign language."（例如，美国手语是英国手语无法理解的。）可知，美国手势语与英国手势语没有什么共同之处。故选D。
29.A细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句"So a manual alpha-bet is kind of a subsystem within a sign language that is used to represent a written language.And there's a hand shape that corresponds to each letter."（所以手势语字母表是手语中的一个子系统用来表示书面语言。每个字母对应一个手的形状。）可知，手势语字母表的特别之处在于它的每个字母都与一种手势相对应。故选A。
30.B推理判断题。根据第四段第二句"Surprisingly,the Austrian manual alphabet influenced sign languages as far away as Russia."（令人惊讶的是，奥地利的手语字母表影响了远在俄罗斯的手语。）可知，作者认为奥地利手势语字母表的影响是令人吃惊的。结合选项 A.Worrying.令人担心的；B.Astonishing.令人吃惊的；C.Moving.令人感动的；D.Disappointing.令人失望的。故选B。
31.C段落大意题。根据最后一段内容"Power says future research comparing the vocabularies of different sign languages could provide even more clues about how they've changed over time.Understanding how sign languages evolve would tell us a lot about the way that language,in general,evolves.（鲍尔说，未来比较不同手语词汇的研究可以提供更多线索，说明它们是如何随着时间的推移而变化的。理解手语是如何进化的将会告诉我们很多关于语言进化的方式。）"可知，本段主要介绍了研究手势语的意义。故选C。
D
A study led by Plana-Ripoll, a doctor at Aarhus University in Denmark, tries to deal with a fundamental question that has bothered researchers for more than a century—what exactly causes mental illness?
In the hope of finding the answer, scientists have piled up a large amount of data over the past decade, through studies of genes and brain activity. They have found that many of the same genes underlie seemingly distinct disorders and that changes in the brain’s decision-making systems could be involved in many conditions.
The researchers are also rethinking theories of how our brains go wrong. The idea that mental illness can be classified into distinct, separate categories like “anxiety” has been disproved to a large extent. Instead, recently they’ve found that disorders shade into each other, and there are no hard dividing lines.
The researchers are trying to understand the biology that underlies mental illness. They have a few theories. Perhaps there are several dimensions of mental illness, so depending on how a person scores on each dimension, they might be more likely to have some disorders than others. An alternative idea is that there is a single factor that makes people easier to suffer from mental illness in general. What disorder they develop is then determined by other factors. Both ideas are being taken seriously though the former one is more widely accepted by the researchers.
The details are still unclear, but most researchers agree that one thing is specific: The old system of categorizing mental disorders into neat boxes does not work. They are also hopeful that, in the long run, replacing this framework with one that is grounded in biology will lead to new drugs and treatments. The researchers aim to reveal, for instance, the key genes, brain regions and neurological processes involved in psychopathology(精神病理学), and target them with treatments. Although it might take a while to get there, they are long-term optimistic if the field really does its work.
32．What aspect of mental illness has been puzzling researchers according to the text?
A．Its symptoms. B．Its roots.
C．Its categories. D．Its theories.
33．What have the researchers found from the recent study?
A．There exist links between mental disorders.
B．Brain function has little to do with mental illness.
C．Mental illness is classified into different categories.
D．Genes are completely different in distinct mental disorders.
34．Which one is more widely accepted by the researchers according to paragraph 4?
A．The theory of genetic influences.
B．The belief of brain abnormalities.
C．The concept of multiple dimensions.
D．The idea of the determined risk factor.
35．What can we learn about mental illness from the text?
A．Hunting for its biology might help.
B．Its genes are too complex to study.
C．Scientists are clear about its details.
D．Its new drugs could be available soon.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A
这是一篇说明文。研究人员提出了一些有关精神疾病的新理论，并希望多了解其病理以及引发精神疾病的生物学因素，从而研制出有效的药物。
32.B细节理解题。根据第一段内容“A study led by Plana-Ripoll, a doctor at Aarhus University in Denmark, tries to deal with a fundamental question that has bothered researchers for more than a century—what exactly causes mental illness?(丹麦奥胡斯大学的Plana-Ripoll博士领导了一项研究，试图解决一个困扰了研究人员一个多世纪的基本问题——到底是什么导致了精神疾病?)”可知，精神疾病的根源是什么这一问题困扰了研究人员一个多世纪。故选B。
33.A细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Instead, recently they’ve found that disorders shade into each other, and there are no hard dividing lines.(相反，他们最近发现，紊乱相互影响，并且没有明显的分界线。)”可知，研究人员最近发现各种精神疾病之间是相互联系的，没有标准的分界线。故选A。
34.C细节理解题。根据第四段的“Perhaps there are several dimensions of mental illness, so depending on how a person scores on each dimension, they might be more likely to have some disorders than others.（精神疾病可能有多个维度，因此根据一个人在每个维度上的得分，他们可能比其他人更容易患上某些疾病）”和最后一句“Both ideas are being taken seriously though the former one is more widely accepted by the researchers.(尽管前一种观点被研究人员更广泛地接受，但这两种观点都被认真对待。)”可知，多维度的概念更广泛地被研究人员接受。故选C。
35.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They are also hopeful that, in the long run, replacing this framework with one that is grounded in biology will lead to new drugs and treatments. The researchers aim to reveal, for instance, the key genes, brain regions and neurological processes involved in psychopathology(精神病理学),and target them with treatments. (他们还希望，从长远来看，用一个基于生物学的框架取代这个框架，将会带来新的药物和治疗方法。例如，研究人员的目标是揭示与精神病理学有关的关键基因、大脑区域和神经过程，并针对它们进行治疗。)”可知，研究精神疾病的病理以及引发精神疾病的生物学因素可能会对他们接下来的工作有所帮助。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5）
When a soccer ball lands in the garden,flattening newly grown peas,or a weeder pulls out a row of young plants by mistake,many gardeners would scream. ____36____ When something sets you back,isn't that a negative thing？
_____37___ It is used to educate students about agricultural practices.Then those little setbacks are opportunities for learning.
"The garden is a wonderful place where children learn to come up with solutions to challenges they might not otherwise experience," says Lisa Giroday,program manager for The Classroom Gardener,who helps schools transform schoolyards into dynamic outdoor learning environments.Nature is nature.____38___ Lots of things come up in real time,and students have an opportunity to learn how to solve problems.
_____39___ After several decades of research into the effects of school gardens,social scientists and educators are starting to see the wide-ranging benefits that come from having green and growing spaces available to children at school,Some of these discoveries might surprise you.In the garden,children are usually freer to engage in what educators call risk assessment - activities that permit broader exploration,experimenting,and questioning. ____40____ It is key to responding properly in social situations.
A.Of course,it is.
B.Not if you're in a school garden.
C.After all,growing food is hard work.
D.Students learn to solve problems out of class.
E.In the process they develop the ability to self-adjust.
F.Things are never going to happen the way you imagine.
G.But training problem solving is just part of doing school gardening.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. F 39. G 40. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在学校开辟花园让学生去实践会为学生们提供很好的学习机会，带来意想不到的效果。
36. C推理判断题。根据上文When a soccer ball lands in the garden,flattening newly grown peas,or a weeder pulls out a row of young plants by mistake,many gardeners would scream. （当一个足球落在花园里，压扁了新长的豌豆，或者除草工错误地拔出了一排幼苗时，许多园丁都会尖叫）可知，如果意料之外事情毁掉了新长的豌豆，或者错误的拔出了一排幼苗，许多园丁会尖叫，接下来解释尖叫的原因，C项After all,growing food is hard work.（毕竟，种植粮食是一项艰苦的工作。）可以解释人们尖叫的原因，符合语境。故选C。
37. B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话When something sets you back,isn't that a negative thing？（某件事让你退缩时，这不是一件消极的事情吗？）可知，上文中的最后一句话为反义疑问句，所以第二段的开头先要回答这个问题。根据第二段空后的句子 It is used to educate students about agricultural practices.（它用于教育学生有关农业实践）可知，本句中的it指代能够教育学生农业实践的事情，所以B项中的"in a school garden"为it指代的内容。而not是用来回答第一段最后的问题。B项Not if you're in a school garden.（如果你在学校花园里就不会这样。）能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
38. F推理判断题。根据下文 Lots of things come up in real time,and students have an opportunity to learn how to solve problems.（很多事情都是在现实中发生的，学生们有机会学习如何解决问题）可知，很多事情都是在现实世界中发生的，并不像人们想象的那样，这样就有机会让学生们学习如何解决问题。F项Things are never going to happen the way you imagine.（事情永远不会像你想象的那样发生。）符合语境。故选F。
39. G段落大意题。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话Lots of things come up in real time,and students have an opportunity to learn how to solve problems.（很多事情都是在现实中发生的，学生们有机会学习如何解决问题）以及下文After several decades of research into the effects of school gardens,social scientists and educators are starting to see the wide-ranging benefits that come from having green and growing spaces available to children at school.（在对学校花园的影响进行了几十年的研究之后，社会科学家和教育工作者开始看到学校里有绿色和生长空间给孩子们带来的广泛好处）可知，学校的花园能够给学生们创造实际解决问题的机会，但是解决问题的只是学校花园给学生带来的好处的一部分。G项But training problem solving is just part of doing school gardening.（但培训解决问题只是学校园艺的一部分。）能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
40. E推理判断题。根据上文In the garden,children are usually freer to engage in what educators call risk assessment – activities that permit broader exploration,experimenting,and questioning. （在花园里，孩子们通常更自由地参与教育者所说的风险评估——允许进行更广泛的探索、实验和提问的活动）可知，在花园中孩子们可以广泛的探索、实验和提问。在这一过程中，他们会培养自我调整的能力。E项In the process they develop the ability to self-adjust.（在这个过程中，他们培养了自我调整的能力。）符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A couple of years ago, I stepped off the subway in Upper Manhattan, worn out after a long and stressful day at work,____41____ about the warmth of my bed. I stopped in a grocery store on the way to my apartment to buy a bag of popcorn.
A man about three times my size ____42____ in front of me at the cash register and turned toward me, telling me I looked____43____. I smiled uncomfortably and became noticeably more ____44____, as a young woman does when a ____45____ man starts talking to her at night. He turned toward the cashier and said that he was going to get my snack too. I politely declined his ____46____ and was already pulling out my wallet, but this man wouldn’t ____47____ me to say no. He ____48____ the cashier a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn and told me that he hoped my _____49___ got better. He walked out of the ____50____ and I never saw him again.
The world could use a little more ____51____ . Most of the time, it’s so ____52____ to get caught up in your own routine and everyday personal worries that we just don’t remember to ____53____ those around us. The man who ____54____ for my popcorn has ____55____ with me and inspired me to pay it forward to others who look like they could use a hand.
41. A．hid B．stood C．served D．shouted
42. A．dreaming B．worrying C．forgetting D．Inquiring
43. A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.excited D.tired
44. A．ashamed B．curious C．alarmed D．energetic
45. A．rude B．strange C．considerate D．strong
46. A．invitation B．application C．reward D．offer
47. A．allow B．remind C．force D．convince
48. A．cast B．lent C．handed D．spared
49. A．career B．health C．stay D．night
50. A．company B．store C．apartment D．station
51. A．kindness B．patience C．strength D．respect
52. A．relaxing B．embarrassing C．easy D．critical
53. A．rely on B．wait on C．knock into D．tune into
54. A．charged B．hunted C．paid D．fought
55. A．dealt B．stuck C．debated D．Agreed
【答案】
41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B
41. A考查动词及语境理解。A.dreaming梦想；B.worrying使担忧；C.forgetting忘记；D.inquiring调查。句意：几年前，当我在曼哈顿上城区的地铁上走下来的时候，经过一天漫长而充满压力的工作，我已经筋疲力尽了，我梦想着自己温暖的床。由上文的"worn out after a long and stressful day at work"可知，作者工作了一整天很累，所以是想睡觉，因此是梦想着自己温暖的床，故选A。
42. B考查动词及语境理解。A.hid躲藏；B.stood站立；C.served服务；D.shouted大声喊。句意：一个大约是我三倍大的男人站在我面前，他转向我，说我看起来很累。由后文的"turned toward me"可知，那个男人是站在作者面前，故选B。
43. D考查形容词及语境理解。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.annoyed生气的；C.excited激动的；D.tired累的。句意：一个大约是我三倍大的男人站在我面前，他转向我，说我看起来很累。由第一段的"worn out"可知，作者很累，故选D。
44. C考查形容词及语境理解。A.ashamed惭愧的；B.curious好奇的；C.alarmed惊恐的；D.energetic精力充沛的。句意：我不自在地笑了笑，明显地变得更加恐慌，就像一个年轻女子在晚上遇到陌生男子开始和她说话时那样。由后文的"as a young woman does when a （5）man starts talking to her at night"可知，一个年轻女子在晚上遇到陌生男子开始和她说话时应该是感到害怕，因此空格处是"惊恐的"，故选C。
45. B考查形容词及语境理解。A.rude粗鲁的；B.strange陌生的；C.considerate体贴的；D.strong强大的。句意：我不自在地笑了笑，明显地变得更加恐慌，就像一个年轻女子在晚上遇到陌生男子开始和她说话时那样。由上文的"I smiled uncomfortably and became noticeably more （4）"可知，作者感到害怕，是因为眼前的男人是陌生人，因此空格处是"陌生的"，故选B。
46. D考查名词及语境理解。A.invitation邀请；B.application 应用；C.reward回报；D.offer主动提议。句意：我礼貌地拒绝了他的提议，并掏出了钱包，但这个人不让我说不。由上文的"he was going to get my snack too'可知，那个男的是主动提出给作者买零食，但作者拒绝了他的提议，故选D。
47. A考查动词及语境理解。A.allow允许；B.remind提醒；C.force强迫；D.convince使相信。句意：我礼貌地拒绝了他的提议，并掏出了钱包，但这个人不让我说不。由后文的"He（8）the cashier a couple of extra dollars to cover my popcorn"可知，男士给了收银员额外的几美元来给作者买爆米花，所以男士是很坚持要给作者买零食，也就是不允许作者说不，故选A。
48. C考查动词及语境理解。A.cast投射；B.lent 借；C.handed递；D.spared抽出。句意：他多给了收银员几美元来支付我的爆米花，并告诉我他希望我今晚过得更好。由后文的to cover my popcorn"可知，男士是递给收银员钱，故选C。
49. D考查名词及语境理解。A.carer职业生涯；B.health健康；C.stay逗留；D.night夜晚。句意：他多给了收银员几美元来支付我的爆米花，并告诉我他希望我今晚过得更好。由第一段的"after a long and stressful day"和第5空所在句中的"at night"可知，当时是晚上，男士应该是希望作者那个晚上过得更好，故选D。
50. B考查名词及语境理解。A.company公司；B.store商店；C.apartment公寓；D.station车站。句意：他走出了商店，我再也没见过他。由第一段的"I stopped in a grocery store"可知，当时作者是在一个商店，男士给作者买完零食后应该是走出商店，故选B。
51. A考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善意；B.patience耐心；C.strength长处；D.respect尊敬。句意：这个世界需要多一点善意。由最后一段的"inspired me to pay it forward to others who look like they could use a hand"可知，句子表示这个世界需要多一点善意，故选A。
52. C考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxing令人放松的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.easy简单的；D.critical至关重要的。句意：多数时候，我们很容易被自己的日常生活和日常的个人烦恼所困，以至于我们与周围的人格格不入。由后文的"we just don't remember to（13）those around us."及常理可知，我们很容易被自己的日常生活和日常的个人烦恼所困，故选C。
53. D考查动词短语及语境理解。A.rely on依靠；B.wait on等待；C.knock into撞到；D.tune into和……协调。句意：多数时候，我们很容易被自己的日常生活和日常的个人烦恼所困，以至于我们与周围的人格格不入。由前面的"get caught up in your own routine and everyday personal worries"可知，句子表示"我们很容易被自己的日常生活和日常的个人烦恼所困，以至于我们与周围的人格格不入，空格处意为"和...协调"，故选D。
54. C考查动词及语境理解。A.charged收费；B.hunted打猎；C.paid付钱；D.fought斗争。句意：我一直记得那个为我买爆米花的人，他激励我把爱传递给那些看起来需要帮助的人。由第8空所在句的"cover my popcorn"可知，那个男士是为作者买爆米花，空格处是"付钱"，故选C。
55. B考查动词及语境理解。A.dealt处理；B.stuck粘，贴；C.debated辩论；D.agreed同意。句意：我一直记得那个为我买爆米花的人，他激励我把爱传递给那些看起来需要帮助的人。由后文的"inspired me to pay it forward to others who look like they could use a hand"可知，stick with sb.意为"紧跟着某人"引申为作者一直记得那个人。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Originated in the Yuan Dynasty （1271-1368），Kunqu Opera is said to be the mother of all Chinese operas and is one of the oldest forms of opera still ___56___（exist）in China.This traditional art was named for its birthplace，Kunshan，___57___is near the city of Suzhou in today's Jiangsu Province.
The development of Kunqu Opera went through several ___58___（stage）.In the early days，the songs were ___59___（main）composed of long and short lines.In the Ming Dynasty（1368-1644），___60___（reform）by Wei Liangfu，Kunqu Opera became mild，smooth and ___61___（attract）.The performers attached great ___62___（important）to clear recitation，correct singing and pure tunes.Meanwhile，the composers wrote the musical scores after working out the tunes，and the songs___63___（write）in seven-character or ten-character lines.Moreover，three types of musical instruments（stringed instruments，bamboo flutes，and drums and clappers）formed the accompaniment.
Kunqu Opera is acknowledged as ___64___elegant opera.Carrying forward the tradition of ancient poetry and common speech，the art is also ___65___very high literary value.
In 2001，the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization（UNESCO）1601599 announced Kunqu Opera as a masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of humanity.
【答案】
56.existing 57. which 58. stages 59. mainly 60. reformed
61. attractive 62. importance 63. were written 64. an 65. of
56. existing.考查现在分词。句意：昆曲起源于元代（1271-1368），被誉为中国戏曲之母，是中国现存最古老的戏曲形式之一。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰opera，二者是逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填existing。
57. which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：昆曲起源于元代（1271-1368），被誉为中国戏曲之母，是中国现存最古老的戏曲形式之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Kunshan，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
58. stages.考查可数名词的复数。句意：昆曲的发展经历了几个阶段。stage意为"阶段"，是可数名词，several后面需加可数名词复数形式。故填stages。
59. mainly.考查副词。句意：在早期，歌曲主要由长和短的台词组成。修饰动词短语were composed of，需用副词作状语。故填mainly。
60. reformed.考查过去分词。句意：到了明代（1368-1644年），在魏良福的改革下，昆曲变得柔和、流畅、吸引人。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词became，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Kunqu Opera和reform为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填reformed。
61. attractive.考查形容词。句意：到了明代（1368-1644年），在魏良福的改革下，昆曲变得柔和、流畅、吸引人。became为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语。故填attractive。
62. importance.考查不可数名词。句意：表演者十分重视清晰的朗诵、正确的演唱和纯正的曲调。attach great importance to为固定短语，意为"非常重视"。importance"重要"表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填importance。
63. were written.考查动词的时态语态。句意：与此同时，作曲家在确定曲调后写乐谱，歌曲分为7字或10字两种。根据wrote可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语the songs和write为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were written。
64. an.考查冠词。句意：昆曲被认为是一种优雅的戏剧。opera为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且elegant发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
65. of.考查介词。句意：它弘扬了古代诗歌和通俗语言的传统，也具有很高的文学价值。be of value为固定用法，相当于be valuable，意为"有价值"。故填of。
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，校学生会主席。现在全国中小学生近视问题日益严峻，这一现象已经引起了国家的高度重视。为此，请你在全校升旗仪式上做演讲，呼吁爱眼护眼。内容包括：问题的严重性；改进和预防措施等。要求：
1. 词数 80 词左右；
2. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：近视 nearsightedness
Dear teachers and fellow students;
It’s my great honour to stand here and present a speech about the worrying situation of nearsightedness among Chinese students.
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That’s all! Thanks for all your attention!
【参考范文】
Dear teachers and fellow students，
It’s my great honour to stand here and present a speech about the worrying situation of nearsightedness among Chinese students. Nowadays in China, huge numbers of students are near-sighted, college students included. Worse still, the tendency is still on the rise. So, it is high time we took immediate and proper measures right now.
译文：我很荣幸能站在这里，就中国学生中令人担忧的近视状况发表演讲。如今在中国，包括大学生在内的大量学生都是近视眼。更糟糕的是，这种趋势仍在上升。因此，现在是我们立即采取适当措施的时候了。
Here, I do appeal to you all to stick to the practice of eye exercises at least twice a day. Besides, don’t read in an environment where it is too dim or too bright. As you know, too much screen time contributes a lot to poor eyesight, so you’d better stay away from digital devices as well. Last of all, please remember to give your eyes a short rest between classes by looking afar outside.
译文：在这里，我呼吁大家坚持每天至少做两次眼保健操。此外，不要在太暗或太亮的环境下阅读。正如你所知道的，长时间看屏幕会导致视力下降，所以你最好远离数字设备。最后，请记得在课间给你的眼睛一个短暂的休息，看看外面。
Take good care of the window of your heart, and you’re bound to enjoy a bright future.
译文：爱护好自己心灵的那扇窗，就一定会拥有美好的未来。
That’s all! Thanks for all your attention!
译文：这是我要说的全部!谢谢你的关注!
【亮点】
1. 高分句型一：Nowadays in China, huge numbers of students are near-sighted, college students included. （过去分词在句中作后置定语。）
2. 高分句型二：So, it is high time we took immediate and proper measures right now.（句中使用固定句型：It is high time 主语+动词过去式+其他，“现在是某人该做某事的时间了”。）
3. 高分句型三：Here, I do appeal to you all to stick to the practice of eye exercises at least twice a day. （强调谓语用在句中。）
4. 高分句型四： As you know, too much screen time contributes a lot to poor eyesight, so you’d better stay away from digital devices as well.（句中使用as引导的非限制性定语从句。）
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
During this past year, I’ve had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn’t bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK (千斤顶), and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out.
译文：在过去的一年里，我的车出了三次故障。每次这种事情发生时，我都对大多数人不愿意帮忙的态度感到厌烦。有一次，我开着我的大吉普车在路边停了将近三个小时。我在窗户上贴了牌子，写着“需要一个插孔”的大牌子，并提供了钱。什么都没有。就在我准备放弃的时候，一辆小卡车里的墨西哥一家人停在了路边，孩子的父亲跳了出来。
He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw (锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business.
译文：他估量了一下形势，叫来了会说英语的女儿。他通过她告诉她，他有一个千斤顶，但对吉普车来说太小了，所以我们需要一些东西来支撑它。然后他从卡车上拿了一把锯子，从路边的一根大木头上锯下了一段。我们把它翻过来，把他的千斤顶放在上面，我们就开始了。
I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man.
译文：我开始把方向盘取下来，然后，你信不信，我把他的撬胎棒弄断了。别担心:他把钱交给了妻子，她很快就去买新的轮胎熨斗了。她15分钟后就回来了。我们完成了工作，我非常高兴。
The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $20 bill in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home.
译文：我们两个又脏又出了很多汗。他的妻子准备了一壶水让我们洗手。我想把一张20美元的钞票塞到那个男人手里，但他不接受，所以我就尽可能悄悄地走向卡车，把钞票给了他的妻子。我问小女孩他们住在哪里。墨西哥，她说。他们在俄勒冈州，这样妈妈和爸爸可以在接下来的几个星期在一个水果农场工作。然后他们就回家了。
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch.
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After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag.
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【参考范文】
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I’d had lunch. I told her I hadn’t had lunch because I’d been waiting here for help for nearly three hours. The girl said they didn’t have lunch either. She suggested to her parents that we have lunch together. Their truck happened to have some food and some things for the picnic. So we ate together in a vacant lot by the side of the road. During that time, I told about what had happened to me and how I felt. They shared interesting stories about their lives in Mexico and on fruit farms. After lunch, the girl’s mother put a paper bag of fruit in my jeep. I showed my gratitude again and we said goodbye to each other.
译文：当我正要说再见时，那个女孩问我是否吃过午饭了。我告诉她我没有吃午饭，因为我在这里等了将近三个小时的帮助。那个女孩说他们也没吃午饭。她向父母建议我们一起吃午饭。他们的卡车碰巧有一些食物和野餐的东西。于是我们一起在路边的空地上吃饭。在那段时间里，我讲述了发生在我身上的事情以及我的感受。他们分享了他们在墨西哥和水果农场生活的有趣故事。午饭后，女孩的妈妈在我的吉普车里放了一纸袋水果。我再次表达了我的感激之情，我们彼此说了再见。
After they left, I got into my jeep and opened the paper bag. There are some delicate fruits in the paper bag. I was surprised to find the money I had quietly left them. At the same time, there was a note written by a girl, which read “We are very happy to be able to help you. We have encountered many difficulties and been disappointed. But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm. To help others with one’s own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger. The beauty of life comes from these lifting a finger. I hope you have a good life and a happy mood.” This made me very moved, and I would try my best to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and warmer.
译文：他们离开后，我上了吉普车，打开纸袋。纸袋里有一些精致的水果。我惊讶地发现我悄悄留给他们的钱。与此同时，还有一个女孩写的纸条，上面写着:“我们很高兴能帮助你。我们遇到了许多困难，也感到失望。但是我们遇到了很多乐于助人的人，这让我们感到很温暖。用自己的能力帮助别人也是一种举手之劳。生活的美丽来自于这些举手之劳。我希望你有一个好的生活和一个快乐的心情。”这让我很感动，将来我会尽我最大的努力帮助更多的人，让我们的世界更美丽、更温暖。