信息必刷卷03-2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷（新高考地区专用）（Word版附解析）

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绝密★启用前
2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷03
新高考地区专用

2022年新高考英语卷无论从题目的难度，还是题型的设置上，基本都延续了往年的出题模式，重视对学生基础知识的考查，题型稳定，同时突出考查考生用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力。试题将文化传播、国际视野、人文情怀融入到考查中，体现了高考立德树人、培养考生良好品德、发展素质教育的目标。同时，难度适中，这对双减形势下的教学有导向作用，能够促进课程标准要求的落实。

2022年新高考英语卷中，听力突出口语的地道表达，尤其是合成词等口语化的词汇的运用，如Text 1的“off-street”、Text 7 的“fancy doing”和 Text 9 的“well-rounded”，这要求学生学会构词法以及常用的口语表达。阅读和七选五中的应用性比较突出，同时介绍了人类语音文化、保护自然以及关注社会老年人以及个人运动等话题，这就要求我们在平时的备考中多关注自身及社会热点话题。完形填空还是考查考生对英语词法、句法以及语篇知识的掌握运用情况，要求考生在正确理解语篇主旨大意的基础上，关注具体语境中不同词语、句子与整个篇章结构之间的联系。语法填空考察的语法知识比较稳定，要求学生学会分析长难句，熟练运用高中重点语法知识。写作侧重考察学生整体的构思和思维能力，这就要求学生能在平时的训练中多发挥自己的创造性，合理设置写作内容，同时要熟练运用各种语法结构，以达高分。
简而言之，2023年高考还是会延续以往的风格，在自然环境，自我成长以及社会问题等话题上都会有涉及，学生要掌握各个题型的解题技巧，方能百战百胜。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What animal did the speakers get two months ago?
A. A rabbit. B. A pig. C. A cat.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Can we get a rabbit? Please! They are so cute!
M: But we got a little pig last month and a cat the month before that!
W: Please, Dad! We’ll get a free toy if we sign up today!
2. What is the man poor at?
A. Reading. B. Handwriting. C. Solving maths problems.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Jason, I can’t read the maths problem you wrote. You’re so skilled at maths, but I must be able to read your writing!
M: Sorry. I will work on making my handwriting clearer and neater.
W: Yes, please do.
3. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a hairdresser’s. B. At a doctor’s. C. At a butcher’s.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you want the same cut as last time?
W: The same on top, but I’d like it a little longer over the ears. I saw this style in a fashion magazine. It’s really cool.
4. What will the man do tomorrow?
A. Talk to Jane. B. Pay Jane salary. C. Get a business report.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: We’ll receive our salaries soon. Well, before that, we need to give our business reports to Jane.
M: I have a sales meeting with Jane tomorrow. I’ll ask her when she expects us staff members to hand in the reports.
W: Good idea.
5. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. Skin problems. B. Eating habits. C. Health care.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I can’t believe you eat the skin of your apple. I don’t eat it, as it tastes sour.
M: I don’t care much for the taste, but for its health benefit. I eat the skin of pears too for the same reason.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What has the man got plenty of?
A. Shirts. B. Trousers. C. Shoes.
7. Where does the woman work?
A. At a university. B. In a law firm. C. In a shoe shop.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, I’ve got a new part-time job as an office assistant, so I need to buy some smart clothes. I have lots of shirts, but all my trousers are a bit old, and some of my shoes have holes in them.
W: Well, you’ve come to the right place. We have plenty of shoes. Are you a student?
M: Yes, I’m studying law at university.
W: That’s good because we offer a 20% discount to students. We also have a two-for-one deal on at the moment.
M: Brilliant! Does that mean if I buy a pair of shoes, I can get another pair for free?
W: Yes exactly. I’ll start by taking your foot measurements. Hold still, please.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is Joan going to do?
A. Cook a meal. B. Visit a friend. C. Meet her mother.
9. Why doesn’t Bill want hamburgers for dinner?
A. They taste bad. B. They are unhealthy. C. He is tired of them.
10. What will the speakers eat for dinner?
A. French food. B. Chinese food. C. Japanese food.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: What time are we going to eat dinner, Tina? I’m hungry.
W: I don’t know, Bill. Ask Joan. She’s going to cook.
M: No, she’s not. She says she is going to her friend Maria’s house. Maria’s mother is going to make a French dinner.
W: Well, then, we’ll have to cook dinner ourselves. Let’s have hamburgers.
M: Oh, no! I don’t want to eat hamburgers all the time. Why don’t we eat Chinese food? It’s really good.
W: I had Chinese food yesterday. Maybe we can try some Japanese food. It’s healthy and tastes good.
M: Where are we going to find Japanese food in Mayfield?
W: That’s easy. There’s a new Japanese restaurant on Main Street.
M: OK. We can go there for dinner.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Judge and competitor. B. Teacher and student. C. Poet and reader.
12. What does the man think of the woman?
A. Supportive. B. Gifted. C. Hard-working.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Keep writing poems.
B. Listen to others’ advice.
C. Create chances to show talent.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Thank you again for encouraging me to enter this poetry competition. I would have been so regretful if I hadn’t taken this opportunity.
W: You are very gifted and have been working really hard. You deserve a chance to show your talent.
M: It’s very nice of you to say so.
W: I mean it. I taught many students before, but none of them listened to my advice like you did.
M: Of course. Your support helped me a lot.
W: I guess the judges appreciated your work too, so they gave you the award.
M: Yeah, I am really happy about the result.
W: Well, you should continue writing poems, not because of the award, but because it brings out the best in you.
M: I will. I write them from the heart. I really enjoy it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is Ben probably?
A. A cook. B. A teacher. C. A manager.
15. What should Cindy wear at work?
A. A uniform. B. Black pants. C. Colorful clothes.
16. Why is Cindy worried about her job?
A. She is not good at communication.
B. She doesn’t have the right clothes.
C. She doesn’t have enough time to learn for it.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Before your first day, you should know some necessary rules.
W: Great, thanks. This will be my first time holding this type of job—your training would be very helpful.
M: My pleasure. I know you’re busy with classes—there are six of my restaurant’s employees who are also in university. But when you’re working, I need you to give 100% effort.
W: I’m a very motivated worker, Ben. I promise I won’t let you down.
M: Thanks, Cindy. First, we don’t provide uniforms here. Please wear a white top and black pants. If you need help finding items, I can recommend some stores.
W: I have plenty of clothes like that. Thanks.
M: OK. Next, you’ve been eating at this restaurant since you started university two years ago, but working here will be very different. Our service is fast-paced (快节奏的) and requires constant communication.
W: Oh, I’m now slightly nervous about not having enough time to learn and prepare for this position.
M: Don’t worry, Cindy. I’ll help you learn as long as you are serious about the job.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Where is the speaker talking about the ad now?
A. On TV. B. On the phone. C. On the radio.
18. What deal is the ad offering?
A. Many free day passes.
B. Half-price membership costs.
C. A 20% discount for all memberships.
19. How long will the deal last?
A. A week. B. A month. C. A year.
20. What will a gym member get by mentioning the ad?
A. A media player. B. An alarm clock. C. A gym bag.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】I’m Jake from Success Gym. We’re the best and largest gym in the Lakeside Area. It’s almost New Year’s Day, and you know what that means! It’s time to make your wishes a reality. To everyone viewing this ad: you’re probably at home waiting for your TV program to come back on. But allow this to be your wake-up call. This is your year to live the healthy and happy life you’ve always dreamt of—new year, new you!
Now, Success Gym offers you good deals. From January 1st until the end of the month, we’re cutting all membership costs in half! You’ll pay half-price if you buy yearly, monthly or even weekly memberships from January 1st until the 31st.Our normal prices are $20, $50 or $300 for weekly, monthly and yearly memberships. That means we’ll have a new price of $25 for monthly memberships! A few months ago, on August 25th, we gave some free day passes. But now, we’ve made our deals even better.
Follow us on social media and visit our gym. Plus, look out for our social media and newspaper ads this week. Mention this ad, and then get a free gym bag and shirt when getting your membership!
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A

Why We Swim
By Bonnie Tsui. 2020. Algonquin, $26.95.
Tsui examines “the universal experience in water,” whether it’s in an ocean, lake, or swimming pool. Yes, there are chapters devoted to the extreme side of the sport, but the focus is on ordinary folk and the positive impact swimming can have on their lives.

Two Wheels Good: The History and Mystery of the Bicycle.
By Jody Rosen. 2022. Crown, $28.99.
Rosen offers an interesting and somewhat unconventional exploration of bicycles from the Victorian era to the present. This wildly eclectic(不拘一格的)abundance offers a love letter to bicycling and is sure to be appreciated by fans of all ages.

Harvard Medical School Guide to Tai Chi
By Peter M. Wayne and Mark L. Fuerst. 2013. Shambhala, $15.95.
Tai chi offers a wealth of mental and physical rewards, including greater flexibility, increased coordination(协调), better breathing, and more efficient gesture—all essential to enjoying sports for life. Wayne and Fuerst instruct how to get started.

Walking: One Step at a Time.
By Erling Kagge. 2019. Pantheon, $19.95.
Kagge was the first person to walk to the South Pole alone, but this book isn’t about tough and dangerous journeys; rather, it’s a guide to walking for pleasure. Writing in an wandering style, Kagge displays that walking is the essential sport for life, offering the opportunity to combine movement with reflection.

21. Whose book covers the topic of history?
A. Bonnie Tsui’s. B. Jody Rosen’s.
C. Peter M. Wayne’s. D. Erling Kagge’s.
22. What do Harvard Medical School Guide to Tai Chi and Walking have in common?
A. Both are about journeys. B. Both tell stories.
C. Both are about traditions. D. Both provide guidance.
23. Who are the target readers of the text?
A. Sports fans. B. Book publishers.
C. Tour guides. D. Travel enthusiasts.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍宣传了四本书。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Two Wheels Good: The History and Mystery of the Bicycle. By Jody Rosen. 2022. Crown, $28.99. Rosen offers an interesting and somewhat unconventional exploration of bicycles from the Victorian era to the present.(罗森对从维多利亚时代到现在的自行车进行了有趣而又有些非传统的探索)”可知，Jody Rosen在Two Wheels Good: The History and Mystery of the Bicycle.这本书中涉及到了历史知识。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告中最后一句“Wayne and Fuerst instruct how to get started.( Wayne and Fuerst指导如何开始)”和第四则广告中的“Kagge was the first person to walk to the South Pole alone, but this book isn’t about tough and dangerous journeys; rather, it’s a guide to walking for pleasure.（Kagge是第一个独自走到南极的人，但这本书不是关于艰难和危险的旅程；更确切地说，这是一本为快乐而行走的指南）”可知，Harvard Medical School Guide to Tai Chi and Walking这两本书都为相关运动项目提供了指导。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文四则广告中可以看出，这四本书Why We Swim；Two Wheels Good；The History and Mystery of the Bicycle. ；Harvard Medical School Guide to Tai Chi ；Walking：One Step at a Time.都是关于运动的，所以本文的目标读者是运动爱好者。故选A项。
B
In Los Angeles, UPS driver Hector Vesco noticed that while he did his normal route, there was one kid, Langston Walbuck, who looked sad because he never got a delivery. Once Hector understood why Langston looked upset, he decided to put together a package and deliver it to Langston himself.
A father of two himself, he knew that he would have to check in with Langston’s parents before proceeding. Using a blank UPS slip, Hector wrote out a note reading, “Hi, this is Hector, your UPS driver. I’ve seen your son plenty of times on the balcony and he seems very sad that he doesn’t get any packages. When he asked me if I had any packages for him, I told him, “Don’t worry. Maybe next time. So, anyway, I’ve bought something and put it in a box. Just wanted to know his name.” Hector also shared his number so that the parents could contact him directly.
After getting all the information he needed from Langston’s mom, Brooke, Hector showed up the next day and surprised a very excited Langston with the delivery.
Of course, the gesture of delivering the parcel was nice enough as is, but it turns out what was inside made it even better! When Langston opened up the box, he found a collection of toy cars and a bunch of candy, as well. It doesn’t get much better than that for a little boy.
After the delivery was made, Langston’s mother, Brooke, sent a follow-up text to thank Hector again for his kindness. In Hector’s message back to Brooke, he mentioned that Langston helped him remember how many kids, along with his, had to live through the COVID-19 pandemic. “Our kids are our world and the future,” he said, and finished off with, “Your UPS driver just wanted to show some love.”
24. Why was Langston unhappy when seeing Hector deliver?
A. Langston never got any package. B. Hector did not know Langston’s name.
C. Langston could not serve as a UPS driver. D. Hector delivered Langston’s parcel to his parents.
25. What did Hector do to cheer Langston up?
A. Hector wrote Langston a note. B. Hector talked to Langston’s parents.
C. Hector encouraged Langston to be positive. D. Hector delivered a package to Langston himself.
26. How did Langston feel about Hector’s action?
A. Confident. B. Thrilled. C. Curious. D. Cautious.
27. What does the author mainly intend to convey?
A. The pandemic affects the globe. B. Children love toy cars and candies.
C. Old products can serve new purposes. D. Ordinary people can be extraordinary.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了UPS司机Hector Vesco注意到一个孩子Langston Walbuck因为没有收到任何包裹，看起来很伤心，于是亲自给Langston送了个包裹，让Langston开心起来。Langston的母亲事后还发短信再次感谢Hector。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In Los Angeles, UPS driver Hector Vesco noticed that while he did his normal route, there was one kid, Langston Walbuck, who looked sad because he never got a delivery.(在洛杉矶，UPS司机Hector Vesco注意到，当他走正常的路线时，有一个孩子Langston Walbuck看起来很伤心，因为他从来没有收到过快递)”可知，Langston看到Hector送包裹时不高兴是因为Langston没有收到任何包裹。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In Los Angeles, UPS driver Hector Vesco noticed that while he did his normal route, there was one kid, Langston Walbuck, who looked sad because he never got a delivery. Once Hector understood why Langston looked upset, he decided to put together a package and deliver it to Langston himself.(在洛杉矶，UPS司机Hector Vesco注意到，当他走正常的路线时，有一个孩子Langston Walbuck看起来很伤心，因为他从来没有收到过快递。Hector知道Langston为什么这么沮丧后，他决定把包裹打包，亲自交给Langston)”可知，Hector亲自给Langston送了个包裹，让Langston开心起来。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“After getting all the information he needed from Langston’s mom, Brooke, Hector showed up the next day and surprised a very excited Langston with the delivery.(在从Langston的妈妈Brooke那里得到了他需要的所有信息后，Hector第二天出现了，给非常兴奋的Langston带来了惊喜)”可推知，Langston对Hector的行为感到激动。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In Hector’s message back to Brooke, he mentioned that Langston helped him remember how many kids, along with his, had to live through the COVID-19 pandemic. “Our kids are our world and the future,” he said, and finished off with, “Your UPS driver just wanted to show some love.”(在Hector给Brooke的信息中，他提到Langston帮助他记起了有多少孩子和他的孩子一起经历了COVID-19大流行。“我们的孩子就是我们的世界和未来，”他最后说，“你的UPS司机只是想表达一些爱。”)”结合文章主要讲述了UPS司机Hector Vesco注意到一个孩子Langston Walbuck因为没有收到任何包裹，看起来很伤心，于是亲自给Langston送了个包裹，让Langston开心起来。Langston的母亲事后还发短信再次感谢Hector。可推知，作者主要想表达普通人也可以不平凡。故选D。
C
Marathon runner Gerima Mustafa of Uganda walked some 664 kilometers across East Africa earlier this year to call attention to threats to the shea (乳木果) nut tree, a source of food, medical products and income for the many living from West Africa to Somalia.
Now research scientists studying the shea tree in Burkina Faso have found that it is the natural ecosystem that is getting degraded in this region that might do harm to the shea, which is often targeted by charcoal (木炭) traders who kill and sell the trees for far less than the long-term worth of their benefits. The habitats are lost to ever-increasing agricultural shifts too, with a clear overall link to the impacts of human activity.
Scientist Aoife Delaney of the UK, along with Burkinabe researchers and British ecologists, studied 10 different parkland locations in Burkina Faso where the trees are planted. They say the tree — able to produce nuts for 200 years — relies on pollinators (传粉者) that thrive when other trees and shrub (灌木) species around it create a habitat to support the pollinators, especially bees.
“Consequently, shea productions are likely to benefit from the preservation of a range of different tree and shrub species in parklands,” Delaney and the research team said. Their work was recently published in the Journal of Applied Ecology.
The authors recommend maintaining a range of native woody species throughout their lifespans, and planting new ones into farmland when cleared. The idea is to be intentional and active about protecting the trees.
“Only separate parts of semi-natural habitat in the surrounding landscape may not be sufficient to provide the necessary pollination services,” they concluded. “In a region that is subject to nutritional poverty and where the fund required to supply local foods is lacking for most families, maintaining natural ecosystem services that support food provision must be a priority.”
28. Why is Gerima Mustafa mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To describe a marathon runner’s experience. B. To suggest the popularity of Gerima Mustafa.
C. To introduce the importance of shea nut trees. D. To explain an approach to protecting the wildlife.
29. What is a great threat to the shea nut trees in Burkina Faso?
A. The agricultural development. B. The illegal hunting of animals.
C. The disturbance of human activity. D. The pollution in their natural habitat.
30. What does the underlined word “thrive” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Increase. B. Spread. C. Escape. D. Change.
31. What do the scientists recommend locals to do to protect the shea nut trees?
A. Provide hand-pollination services. B. Keep the biodiversity within ecosystem.
C. Replace the old shea trees with new ones. D. Open up more natural habitats for pollinators.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍科学家们研究乳木果树所面临的威胁及其保护措施。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Marathon runner Gerima Mustafa of Uganda walked some 664 kilometers across East Africa earlier this year to call attention to threats to the shea (乳木果) nut tree, a source of food, medical products and income for the many living from West Africa to Somalia.(今年早些时候，乌干达的马拉松运动员穆斯塔法徒步664公里穿越东非，呼吁人们关注牛油果树面临的威胁。牛油果树是西非到索马里许多人的食物、医疗产品和收入来源)”可推知，第一段提及Gerima Mustafa是为了介绍乳木果树的重要性。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Now research scientists studying the shea tree in Burkina Faso have found that it is the natural ecosystem that is getting degraded in this region that might do harm to the shea, which is often targeted by charcoal (木炭) traders who kill and sell the trees for far less than the long-term worth of their benefits.(现在，研究布基纳法索牛油果树的科学家们发现，这一地区正在退化的自然生态系统可能会对牛油果树造成伤害。木炭商人经常把牛油果树作为目标，他们杀死牛油果树并以远低于其长期效益的价格出售)”可推知，人类活动的干扰是对布基纳法索乳木果树的巨大威胁。故选C。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“when other trees and shrub (灌木) species around it create a habitat to support the pollinators, especially bees.(当周围的其他树木和灌木物种创造栖息地支持授粉者，特别是蜜蜂时)”及常识可知，这种情况下，授粉者会茁壮成长。由此可知，划线词thrive与increase(增长)意思接近。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The authors recommend maintaining a range of native woody species throughout their lifespans, and planting new ones into farmland when cleared. The idea is to be intentional and active about protecting the trees.(作者建议在其生命周期内保持一系列本土木本物种，并在农田被清理后种植新的木本物种。这个想法是有意和积极地保护树木)”及最后一段“In a region that is subject to nutritional poverty and where the fund required to supply local foods is lacking for most families, maintaining natural ecosystem services that support food provision must be a priority.(在一个营养贫困的地区，大多数家庭缺乏供应当地食物所需的资金，维持支持食物供应的自然生态系统服务必须成为优先事项)”可推知，科学家们建议当地人保持生态系统内的生物多样性，来保护乳木果树。故选B。
D
Learning is so complex that there are many different psychological theories to explain how people learn. A psychologist named Albert Bandura suggested a social learning theory which shows that observation, imitation, and modeling play a primary role in this process.
In Albert Bandura’s opinion, people can learn through observation. Observational learning doesn’t even necessarily require watching another person join in an activity. We can also learn by reading, hearing, or watching the actions of characters in books and films. However, just observing someone else’s actions isn’t always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. In addition, though in many cases, learning can be seen immediately when the new behavior is displayed, yet sometimes we can learn things even though that learning might not be immediately obvious, which means people can learn new information without showing new behaviors.
Not at observed behaviors are effectively learned. Certain requirements need to be related to the observational learning process. For example, you need to be paying attention. Also your memory is an important part of observational learning as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process. Once you’ve paid attention to the model and kept the information, it’s time to actually perform the behavior you observed. Further practice of the learned behavior leads to improvement. Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.
Social learning theory have many real-world applications. For example, researchers employ it to look into and understand ways that positive role models can be used to encourage desirable behaviors. Besides, it’s also applied in the field of education, and today, both teachers and parents recognize how important it is to model appropriate behaviors.
32. What can we infer about observational learning from paragraph 2?
A. Its effects on a person tend to be very obvious.
B. Its effectiveness is determined by the mental stale.
C. It doesn’t necessarily lead to a change in behavior.
D. Its most useful means might be watching and learning.
33. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Model. B. Information.
C. Memory. D. Observational learning.
34. What might NOT be required when performing observational learning?
A. Trying to be focused. B. Trying to be imaginative.
C. Looking for a motivator. D. Editing and storing information.
35. What can we learn about the social learning theory according to the text?
A. It is of practical use. B. It remains to be improved.
C. It was effective at first. D. It is easily and widely applied.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，学习是如此复杂，以至于有许多不同的心理学理论来解释人们如何学习。本文介绍了心理学家Albert Bandura提出的社会学习理论。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, just observing someone else’s actions isn’t always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. (然而，仅仅观察别人的行为并不总是足以导致学习。你自己的心理状态在决定一种行为是否被学习方面也起着重要作用)”可以推测出，观察学习并不一定会导致行为的改变。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句句意“as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process(因为你需要稍后提取信息并在过程中据此采取行动)”可推测出，it指代前面的information。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, you need to be paying attention.(例如，你需要集中注意力)”、“Once you’ve paid attention to the model and kept the information, it’s time to actually perform the behavior you observed.(一旦您注意到模型并保存了信息，就该实际执行您观察到的行为了)”以及“Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.(最后，你必须有动力去模仿被模仿的行为)”可知，在进行观察学习时，需要集中注意力，编辑并储存信息以及寻找一个动机，B项“试着富有想象力”未提及，故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Social learning theory can have many real-world applications.(社会学习理论可以在现实世界里有许多应用)”可知，社会学习理论具有实际用途。故选A。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
American girl Radajere Oleita thinks she may have a solution for two of our country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. ___36___. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Don’t toss your empty chip bags into the trash. Donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless instead.
Chip eaters drop off their empty bags from Lay’s, and other favorites. And they are often seen at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store. ___37___. After they clean the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use padding and liners from old coats to line the insides.
___38___. And each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around,” Oleita told the Detroit News.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita — whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life — and her fellow volunteers. ___39___.
And, of course, there’s the symbolism of salvaging bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. ___40___. We can be reminded that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita told hourdetroit.com: “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”
A. It’s a powerful reminder.
B. Chip eaters consume too much.
C. It’s called the Chip Bag Project.
D. The project was such a great success.
E. It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag.
F. That’s where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them.
G. She believes that they are dedicated to making an impact both socially and environmentally.
【36~40题答案】
【答案】36. C 37. F 38. E 39. G 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章描述了一个美国女孩开展“薯片袋项目”，收集旧的薯片袋做成睡袋，同时帮助解决垃圾和贫困的问题。
【36题详解】
根据上文“American girl Radajere Oleita thinks she may have a solution for two of our country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. (美国女孩Radajere Oleita认为，她可能有办法解决美国两个长期存在的问题：垃圾和贫困。)”，下文“The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Don’t toss your empty chip bags into the trash. (这位来自底特律的26岁学生兼环保主义者向当地的零食爱好者请求：不要把空薯片袋扔进垃圾桶。)”，以及此空在第一段，可知，空前提出垃圾和贫困的问题，空后讲了这个学生项目的内容，因此此空应总体介绍这个项目。C项“这叫做薯片袋项目。”符合上下文。故选C项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“And they are often seen at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store. (他们经常在底特律的两个地方可以看到空袋子：一家印刷店和一家服装店。)”，以及下文“After they clean the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. (他们在热肥皂水中清洗薯片袋后，将其切开，平放，然后熨在一起。)”可知，空处应承上启下，讲他们在这两个商店中收集薯片袋。F项“Oleita和志愿者们就是在那里收集它们的。”符合上下文语境。故选F项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“And each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. (每个睡袋大约需要150到300个薯片袋，这取决于它们是单人版还是家庭版。)”可知，此处在介绍制作睡袋消耗薯片袋的数量。并且句中“each”应指代本空中的名词“sleeping bag”。E项“缝制一个睡袋需要大约四小时”，符合下文内容。故选E项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita — whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life — and her fellow volunteers. (当然，筹集资金购买新睡袋会更简单。但这仅仅是Oleita和她的志愿者同伴们目标的一半。10年前，Oleita的家人从尼日利亚搬到了美国，希望能过上更好的生活。)”可知，制作睡袋只是他们目标的一部分，保护环境，同时帮助穷人，让生活更好，才是最终的目标。G项“她们致力于对社会和环境产生积极影响。”对本段进行了总结，符合语境。故选G项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“And, of course, there’s the symbolism of salvaging bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. (当然，还有一个象征意义，那就是收集那些本来会落在垃圾桶里的袋子，并用它们来帮助无家可归的人。)”，以及下文“We can be reminded that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. (这可以提醒我们，环境问题与贫困往往是相辅相成的。)”可知，空处承上启下，应说明收集这些袋子对我们来说是一个提醒，提醒我们保护环境。A项“它是一个强有力的提醒”符合上下文。故选A项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a lite boy, I was playing with my friends in the attic (阁楼) of an old, abandoned log house. As I climbed down out of the attic, I ___41___my feet on a window sill (商台) for a moment — and then jumped. I had a ring on my left index finger, and as I jumped, the ring caught on a nailhead and____42____my finger.
I screamed. I was terrified ___43___I was going to die. But after the hand ___44___I never worried about it for one split second. What would have been the____45____? I accepted the inevitable (必然发生的事).
Now I often go for a month at a time without even thinking about the fact that I have only three fingers and a thumb on my left hand.
A few years ago, I met a man who was____46____a freight (货物) elevator in one of the downtown office buildings in New York. I____47____that his left hand had been cut off at the wrist. I asked him if the ___48___of that hand bothered him. He said, “Oh, no, ___49___ever think about it. I am not married; the only time I ever think about it is when I try to thread a needle."
It is ___50___how quickly we can accept almost any situation — if we have to — and ___51___ourselves to it and forget about it.
I often think of an inscription (碑文) on the ruins of a fifteenth-century church in Amsterdam, Holland. “It is so. It cannot be ___52___.”
As you and I ___53___across the decades of time, we are going to meet a lot of ____54____situations that are so. We have our choice. We can either accept them as inevitable, or we can ruin our lives with rebellion (反抗) and maybe end up with a nervous ___55___.
41. A. struggled B. rested C. lay D. squeezed
42. A. took down B. knocked down C. tore off D. dropped off
43. A. positive B. conscious C. confused D. informed
44. A. suffered B. stretched C. remained D. healed
45. A. case B. use C. bond D. harm
46. A. running B. opening C. handling D. balancing
47. A. examined B. spotted C. clarified D. doubted
48. A. pain B. shape C. loss D. situation
49. A. hardly B. merely C. really D. nearly
50. A. astonishing B. confusing C. annoying D. worrying
51. A. abandon B. devote C. adjust D. admit
52. A. though B. otherwise C. either D. yet
53. A. jump B. come C. get D. march
54. A. exciting B. fascinating C. unpleasant D. uncertain
55. A. breakdown B. breakaway C. breakthrough D. outbreak
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者小时候玩耍的时候，因为意外失去了两根手指，但最终接受了这不可避免的事实。几年前作者在一座办公大楼里遇到了一位管理货梯的男士，他没有左手，作者问他是否会对此感到困惑，男士说自己几乎很少想起这件事。这让作者意识到我们将会遇到许多不愉快的情况，我们可以接受它们是不可避免的，或者我们可以用反叛毁掉我们的生活，也许以精神崩溃告终。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从阁楼上爬下来，在窗台上歇了一会儿，然后跳了下去。A. struggled努力；B. rested休息；C. lay安防；D. squeezed挤压。根据后文“my feet on a window sill for a moment”可知，作者在窗台上休息，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的左手食指上戴着一枚戒指，当我跳起来时，戒指被钉子钩住，把我的手指扯了下来。A. took down取下；B. knocked down撞到；C. tore off撕下；D. dropped off减少。根据后文“I have only three fingers and a thumb on my left hand.”可知，作者的手指被扯掉了，故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕，我确信我要死了。A. positive积极的；B. conscious意识到的；C. confused困惑的；D. informed有知识的。根据后文“I was going to die”可知，作者当时确信自己要死了，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我的手痊愈后，我从来没有担心过一秒钟。A. suffered遭受；B. stretched拉长；C. remained保持；D. healed治愈。根据后文“I accepted the inevitable.”可知，作者接受了现实，说明手痊愈了，不再担心了。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有什么用呢？A. case情况；B. use使用；C. bond纽带；D. harm危害。根据后文“I accepted the inevitable.”可知，作者接受了现实，意识到担心也没有用。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我在纽约市中心的一座办公大楼里遇到了一个人，他正在运行货梯。A. running运行；B. opening打开；C. handling处理；D. balancing平衡。根据后文“a freight elevator in one of the downtown office buildings in New York”可知，作者遇到一个开货梯的人，run此处指“运行”。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现他的左手在手腕处被切断了。A. examined检查；B. spotted发现；C. clarified澄清；D. doubted怀疑。根据后文“that his left hand had been cut off at the wrist”可知，作者发现他的左手在手腕处被切断了。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问他失去那只手是否让他感到困扰。A. pain痛苦；B. shape形状；C. loss损失；D. situation情况。呼应上文“his left hand had been cut off at the wrist”指失去左手。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：哦，不，从来没想过。A. hardly几乎不；B. merely仅仅；C. really真正地；D. nearly几乎。根据后文“the only time I ever think about it is when I try to thread a needle”可知，这人很少想起失去的左手。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很快就能接受几乎任何情况——如果我们必须接受的话——并适应它，然后忘记它，这是令人吃惊的。A. astonishing令人惊讶的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. annoying令人恼怒的；D. worrying令人担忧的。根据后文“how quickly we can accept almost any situation”可知我们很快就能接受几乎任何情况，这令人吃惊。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很快就能接受几乎任何情况——如果我们必须接受的话——并适应它，然后忘记它，这是令人吃惊的。A. abandon抛弃；B. devote献身；C. adjust调整；D. admit承认。根据后文“ourselves to it and forget about it”可知，如果必须接受某种情况，我们也能调整自身去适应它。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不可能有别的结果。A. though虽然；B. otherwise否则；C. either要么；D. yet然而。结合上文“It is so. It cannot be”指只能如此，不会有别的结果，cannot be otherwise表示“不会成为别的”。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你和我穿越几十年的时间，我们将会遇到许多不愉快的情况。A. jump跳跃；B. come来到；C. get得到；D. march前进。结合后文“across the decades of time”可知，此处指穿越、向前几十年的时间。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你和我穿越几十年的时间，我们将会遇到许多不愉快的情况。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. unpleasant不愉快的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据后文的叙述“We can either accept them as inevitable, or we can ruin our lives with rebellion”可知，遇到的是不愉快的情况，也与上文作者的经历相呼应。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以接受它们是不可避免的，或者我们可以用反叛毁掉我们的生活，也许以精神崩溃告终。A. breakdown故障；B. breakaway脱离；C. breakthrough突破；D. outbreak爆发。根据上文“we can ruin our lives with rebellion and maybe end up with a nervous”可知，面对不愉快的情况，我们可以用反叛毁掉我们的生活，也许以精神崩溃告终。故选A。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese seal(印章)carving originated during the Shang Dynasty. In the beginning, the characters carved on seals were the same as ___56___ (that)used in writing, such as Xiaozhuan of the Qin Dynasty. However, with Chinese writing ___57___ (become)increasingly standardized and simplified, it became a tradition to use Xiaozhuan for seals.
In ancient times, seals were regarded as ___58___ guarantee of authenticity(真实性). Today, they are more of a sign of authority of a legal person ___59___ an artwork.
After the Qin Dynasty, materials for seals were ___60___ (strict)classified. Jade(玉)was only used for emperors, gold and silver for high-ranking ___61___ (office)and copper(铜)for the low ranks. Various types of stones were used from the Song Dynasty, ___62___ led to a boom for seal carving.
___63___ (early), seal carving was accomplished only by workers. During the Song Dynasty, scholars and artists began to get involved in it. They combined seal carving with calligraphy and painting, ___64___ (make)this traditional art more popular in China.
To protect this artistic treasure, Chinese seal carving ____65____ (include)on the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009.
【答案】56. those 57. becoming 58. a 59. than 60. strictly
61. officers##officials 62. which 63. Earlier 64. making 65. was included
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了印章雕刻的发展、意义以及对其的保护。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：起初，篆书上的字与书写上的字是一样的，比如秦朝的小篆。特指前文的the characters，用those代指。故填those。
【57题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：然而，随着中国文字的日益标准化和简化，使用小篆成为了一种传统。本句为with的复合结构，Chinese writing与become在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填becoming。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在古代，印章被视为真实性的一种保证。guarantee为可数名词，泛指一种保证，guarantee首字母的发音为辅音音素开头。故填a。
【59题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如今，它们与其说是艺术品不如说是法人的权威标志。more…than“与其说……不如说”。故填than。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：秦朝以后，印章材料被严格分类。副词strictly修饰动词。故填strictly。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：玉只为皇帝所用，金和银为高级官员所用，铜为低级官员所用。根据句意表示“官员”，用复数形式，指多个官员，用 officers/officials。故填officers/officials。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：从宋朝开始，人们使用了各种各样的石头，这导致了篆刻的繁荣。空处为非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个句子做主语，故填which。
【63题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：此前，印章雕刻只能由工人完成。根据句意可知，表示早期地，用副词比较级作状语，故填Earlier。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：他们把篆刻和书法、绘画结合起来，使这一传统艺术在中国更受欢迎。空处为非谓语，make与前面的整个句子为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填making。
【65题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：为保护这一艺术瑰宝，中国印雕刻于2009年被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。根据“in 2009”可知，为一般过去时，主语Chinese seal carving与include为被动关系。 故填was included。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 本月你校校报的英语专栏正在举办以“Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities”为主题的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.你的理想；
2.发出倡议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities
With the rapid development of China, we, youngsters, should stick to our dreams and shoulder our responsibilities.
As for me, I always dream to better this world. I try to be good at western and eastern cultures, which allows me to spread Chinese cultures. Additionally, I will do my part to make our country more powerful and beautiful.
I sincerely appeal to every student to spare no effort to realize the Chinese Dream. Only when we young generations strive will our nation thrive.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生“Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities”为主题进行征文活动的投稿，内容包括：1.你的理想；2.发出倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
坚持：stick to→persist in
改善：better→improve
此外：additionally→what’s more
实现某事：realize sth.→make sth. come true
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the rapid development of China, we, youngsters, should stick to our dreams and shoulder our responsibilities.
拓展句：As China is developing rapidly, we, youngsters, should stick to our dreams and shoulder our responsibilities.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As for me, I always dream to better this world. I try to be good at western and eastern cultures, which allows me to spread Chinese cultures. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Only when we young generations strive will our nation thrive. (运用了部分倒装)
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Rivaldo was playing football from the age of 4. When he was 7, he joined a local football club. He attended the training regularly but never got a chance to play in matches. But the coach had faith in him. He told Rivaldo that he should focus on his training, and one day he would get the chance. Rivaldo had no other option but to continue training in the club. He was training very hard and focused on improving himself.
Even after two years in the club, he never played in a match. He was not even allowed to travel along with the team. One day their club had a charity match, where a famous footballer was a chief guest. While the team was planning to travel, one of the support staff who used to take care of kits got ill. So, they needed someone for this.
The coach thought this should be an opportunity for Rivaldo. So, he told him to travel with the team and take care of the kits. Other support staff objected to it, but he convinced them.
The team reached the stadium. There were a lot of crowds to witness the celebrity footballer. For Rivaldo, this is his first-time experience in the stadium. He was helping the other players with the kits for the pre-match training. The coach came for a chat with Rivaldo. He told Rivaldo, “You are playing today.”
Rivaldo, for a moment, got frozen and asked him why. He said, “One of the players from the team got injured while training. So, we are short of players. We need someone to be in the field to make it 11. But I know you are more than that. So, go and prove yourself”. There was resistance from the support staff. Luckily for Rivaldo, the coach, through the organizing committee, convinced Rivaldo’s team management to allow him to play.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When the match started, Rivaldo was running like a deer.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the match, the celebrity footballer walked to Rivaldo.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A Possible Version
When the match started, Rivaldo was running like a deer. Several times, he took the ball to the right side but failed to score any goal. Soon the celebrity footballer scored a quick goal. There were deafening cheers from the supporters. The rival team was very spirited and dominated the game. In the second half, Rivaldo won a chance to penetrate into the defenses of the rival team. A goal was scored. With the morale boosted, Rivaldo’s team tightened their belts and played with determination. Finally, the referee blew the whistle and the match ended with Rivaldo’s team winning by 2-1 goals.
After the match, the celebrity footballer walked to Rivaldo. Wearing a note of excitement, he spoke highly of Rivaldo’s performance. When he learned that it was the first time Rivaldo had played in a match, he immediately invited him to play for the junior team. Rivaldo performed so well that later he went on to represent the senior team and for his country. In life, there will be many roadblocks. But you have to continue and wait. When the moment comes, grab it with both hands and fly towards your dream.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Rivaldo从4岁开始踢足球，努力训练，即使在俱乐部呆了两年，他也从未参加过一场比赛。直到一次慈善比赛上，Rivaldo被派上场，最终赢得了比赛，得到了足球明星的肯定。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛开始时，Rivaldo跑得像只鹿。”可知，第一段可描写Rivaldo参加比赛并获胜的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“比赛结束后，这位足球明星走向Rivaldo。”可知，第二段可描写足球明星对Rivaldo的评价以及Rivaldo之后取得的成就。
2.续写线索：比赛开始——取得胜利——足球明星高度评价Rivaldo——Rivaldo代表国家参赛——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
开始：start/begin
控制：dominate/control
高度评价：speak highly of /think highly of
情绪类
立即：immediately/instantly
鼓舞：spirited / inspired
【点睛】[高分句型1] When he learned that it was the first time Rivaldo had played in a match, he immediately invited him to play for the junior team. (运用了when引导状语从句和that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] When the moment comes, grab it with both hands and fly towards your dream. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)