必刷卷 05——【高考三轮冲刺】2023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷(北京专用)（原卷版+解析版）

2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷05

北京专用

北京属于自主命题地区，2022年统考英语听说考试与笔试分离，实行计算机考试，一年两次考试，取听说最高成绩与笔试成绩一同组成英语科目成绩计入高考总分。英语听说考试共计50分，英语科目总成绩满分150分。笔试部分题型：完形填空（10小题，满分15分）+ 短文填空（三篇短文10小题，满分15分）+阅读理解（四篇短文14小题，满分28分）+七选五（5小题，满分10分）+ 阅读回答问题（4小题，满分12分）+书面表达（1小题，满分20分）.

回顾2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇记叙文，考查点：动词词义辨析（4个），动词短语（1个），形容词（3个），副词（1个），名词（1个）。语法填空A篇是一篇记叙文，考查点：介词，不定式，动词时态各一题；B篇是说明文，考查点:非谓语，宾语从句，主谓一致各一题；C篇是记叙文，考查点：反身代词，定语从句，形容词比较级，动词时态各一题。阅读理解A篇应用文，考查点：细节理解题（3题）；B篇记叙文，考查点：细节理解题（3题），推理判断题（1题）；C篇说明文，推理判断题（2题），细节理解题（1题）；D篇，议论文，（推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题，主旨大意题各一。）阅读表达是一篇说明文，写作是一篇应用文-建议信。

本套试卷完形填空是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述约翰·欧恩斯在威斯康星州的荒野外救助一只掉入陷阱里大灰狼。短文填空（A篇是一篇说明文。介绍了黑洞的性质，形成，名字的由来；B篇一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国北方遭遇的一场十年来最大的沙尘暴。C篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是积极压力的重要性）。阅读理解（A篇是应用文。介绍了一份来自世界各地卫生组织的旅行指南清单，帮助游客考虑旅行时应采取的措施，以降低健康风险；B篇是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在40多岁的时候申请成为一名兼职学生，之后不断努力学习，终于能够写出一篇合适的学术论文的故事；C篇是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Craven从最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩学游泳，最终激励了她去游泳的故事。这个故事证明了世上无难事，只怕有心人的道理；D篇是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新的软件，这款名为FIT 的软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害）。七选五是说明文。文章建议四个感恩练习来享受感恩的好处。阅读表达是一篇记叙文。书面表达是应用文。

第一部分  知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

John Oens was an enthusiastic hunter and enjoyed being in the woods. Once into the Wisconsin wilderness in November, his team encountered something unbelievable when he checked the ___1___.

Instead of a coyote, he saw a huge timber wolf, which is on the endangered species list, trying to get free. John realized he couldn’t ___2___ this wolf, since the animal might die of exposure. However, he had to put his ___3___ on the line to free the creature. His heart was pounding while he prepared.

His dad ran to the truck to get a gun as a precaution and some plywood(夹板). ___4___, they could figure it out without the gun.

A little time had passed since they found the wolf, but it seemed like an eternity(永恒) to John. When his dad returned, John put the plan in motion. He ___5___ the plywood, using it as his shield(盾牌). While all that happened, his friend filmed everything. His dad was also available to fire the gun if the wolf decided to attack. They were prepared but ___6___!

John ___7___ closer and closer all the while. His dad was a reassuring sight for him. John looked at his friend for moral support, ___8___ that now was when the action started.

Finally, John freed the wolf’s paw from the trap. It took one moment for it to spin and fly away. The three men were happy because the wolf was free, and John was still safe.

When they viewed the video to see it all ___9___ later, they noticed the wolf look at John for a brief moment before running back to the woods. Was it his way of showing appreciation? Anyhow, John made the best _____10_____!

1．A．traps B．plans C．routes D．numbers

2．A．free B．help C．miss D．abandon

3．A．hands B．life C．mind D．hope

4．A．Hopefully B．Excitedly C．Finally D．Causally

5．A．took over B．set down C．picked up D．gave away

6．A．determined B．interested C．scared D．disappointed

7．A．checked B．inched C．rushed D．rolled

8．A．signaling B．guessing C．remembering D．deciding

9．A．develop B．unfold C．end D．record

10．A．challenge B．preparation C．choice D．discovery

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A black hole is a spot in space that has ____11____ (power) gravity. Its gravity is so strong that it pulls everything nearby into it, stars, planets and other things. Black holes form when a star dies. When that happens, a huge amount of matter crowds into a very small space, which ____12____(become) very dense. Black holes ____13____ (talk) about in 1783 first. That year, one scientist said that in the universe, there might be places with strong gravity to trap light, although he didn’t use the term “black hole”.

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Beijing residents woke up to yellow sky on Sunday morning as northern China  ____14____ (hit) by the largest sandstorm of the decade.

Air pollution readings rose to the upper limit of 500 at 8 a.m., according to data from the city's environmental monitory center, as visibility was reduced to ____15____ (little) than 1,000 meters in parts of the city.

The city's weather bureau advised residents to stay indoors as much as possible, while experts are working to find out ____16____ the sandstorm came into being.

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Governments at all levels have made continuous efforts to reduce the financial burden on house renters, especially those  ____17____ are new college graduates. A report by the Meadin Academy says that college graduates ____18____ (survey) prefer to live in apartments near the companies or railway stations to facilitate their commute (通勤). As to house rents, most college graduates still need ____19____ (assistant) from their parents and only about 20 percent of them pay the rent themselves. ____20____ (help) lower the financial burdens of young people, many governments and companies have given their support in house rentals.

第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

We have a list of travel guidelines from health organizations around the world to help you consider measures you should take to help reduce health risks when you travel. Please review all information that you need to protect yourself.

Wash your hands often

Wash your hands frequently and thoroughly for at least 20 seconds with soap and water. If soap and water are not readily available,use a hand sanitizer (洗手液) that contains at least 60% alcohol. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands.

Wear a mask

Clean your hands with aleohol-based hand sanitizer, or soap and water, before putting on a mask. Cover your mouth and nose with a mask or face covering and make sure there are no gaps between your face and the mask. Avoid touching the mask while using it; if you do, clean your hands.

Coughing and sneezing etiquette

If you are not wearing a mask, cover your mouth or nose with a flexed elbow or use disposable tissue and discard immediately after use. Clean hands with alcohol-based hand sanitizer or soap and water after coughing or sneezing.

Social distancing

Maintain at least 6 feet or 2 meters (about 2 arm lengths) distance between yourself and others.

Avoid traveling if unwell

If you have a fever, cough, difficulty breathing, a sore throat or have seen recent changes in taste or smell, medical professionals recommend you not travel. If you get sick during the trip, stay where you are and follow the advice of local officials.

Anticipate travel needs

Bring enough of your medicine to last you for the entire trip and have prescription paperwork with you if traveling internationally.Consider packing enough alcohol based hand sanitizer and keep it within easy reach; but remember some airports or airlines may have limitations on volume of liquids you can carry.Bring a cloth face covering or mask to wear in public places. Pack some food in case restaurants and stores are closed, but remember some airlines may limit your ability to carry food and drinks onboard.

21．What is the text intended to help people do?

A．Travel smarter. B．Travel safer. C．Travel lighter.  D．Travel for free.

22．What information does the author provide?

A．Carrying a soap at all times. B．Coughing with your mask off.

C．Keeping a proper social distance. D．Going back home if you feel sick.

23．What does the author recommend carrying in case you need?

A．Alcohol. B．Facecloth. C．Food and drinks. D．Medicine packaging.

B

The first essay I wrote for my history of English class was perfect, at least from my perspective. I had worked on it constantly and couldn’t wait to get my grade back. I handed it in with pride.

Two weeks later, I received my grade: a D．The pages were covered in red writing, pointing out errors. There must have been a mistake.

University started later for me than most. The opportunity wasn’t available when I was younger—too many kids in our family and too little money. But I never stopped wondering what university would have been like. I was in my 40s when I sent in my application and as a part-time student, I will be in my 60s before I’m finished. That’s my goal.

What’s it like to be the old guy in a class full of 20-year-olds? It’s strange. They pretty much ignored me, and I ignored them. They also ignored each other. However, after we had more group work together, people started to communicate. Although I was an English major, some of my favorite classes were unrelated electives. Courses in art history and Greek and Roman history were fascinating. I was eager to do well.

I arranged a meeting to discuss my essay grade and arrived 10 minutes early to meet the teacher’s assistant I was ready to argue for the brilliance of my paper. However, she quickly explained to me that the paper failed to make a strong argument. The mark remained.

I kept studying and kept leaning, I learned to love two dozen writers I had never heard of before and explored types of literature I had never examined. Eventually, I learned how to write an essay in proper academic prose.

University is different when you are a senior, part-time student. If you are there to establish a career or because your parents forced you to go, there are other pressures. For me, it’s just learning. Whether I’m learning remotely or in person, it makes the world a bigger, richer place.

24．Why did the writer start university later than others?

A．His application was refused. B．His teacher disliked his essay.

C．His family was not rich enough. D．His health did not meet the standard.

25．How did the writer feel after receiving the grade of his first essay?

A．Surprised. B．Pleased C．Excited. D．Hopeless

26．What helped the writer in writing a proper academic essay?

A．Strong curiosity. B．Constant efforts.

C．Great pressure. D．Remarkable creativity.

27．Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Practice Makes Perfect

B．Not All That Shines Is Gold

C．Where There Is A Will, There Is A Way

D．Action Speaks Louder Than Words

C

It’s the green wall of her school swimming pool that Jill Craven remembers best, as she felt her teacher’s hand on her head, guiding her underwater. “You know how time slows? Going under. Watching ...” she says.

This was in Palmerston North, when she was five. While her three older siblings could swim half a mile or more, she would do anything to avoid swimming lessons. In her 20s, she moved to London to pursue a career in journalism. She insisted she had never feared for her career, but she still had this lifelong fear of being underwater.

However, when she retired, Craven was diagnosed with breast cancer, and was advised to swim as part of her recovery. Still finding the fear undefeatable, she took up water jogging instead-like treading water (踩水), but moving-with a floatation aid around her middle. She could get her feet of the bottom of the pool for a quick doggy paddle, but anything more was beyond her.

One day at the pool, she saw a group of children having a lesson. It was an indoor pool, nice and warm, and the children were five or six. “I just thought, it’s time to do this,” she says. “Who knows what I looked like. An egg beater,” she continues. “I did five strokes, or six. I was so proud of myself”. Then a lifeguard encouraged her to continue and told her how to breathe. A friend gave her goggles. Her niece Justine walked beside the pool clapping, and Craven felt as if she had won a gold medal. Justine bought Craven lessons for her 69th birthday. Before long, Craven had swum a length with her face in the water.

When her instructor told her to sit on the bottom of the pool, Craven felt like going back to being a five-year-old. She hung on to the stairs as she went down. But she did it! She stayed there for a few seconds!

Now Craven swims twice a week: five lengths, sometimes 10, with a rest after each. “I just think you need to do things if you can. If you can, you must.” she says.

28．Why did Craven choose water jogging instead of swimming?

A．She hated losing face.

B．She liked treading water.

C．She was afraid to swim.

D．She was fond of floating.

29．What inspired Craven to try swimming again?

A．The sight of kids learning swimming.

B．The support of her niece Justine.

C．The encouragement from a lifeguard.

D．The doctor’s advice on her recovery.

30．What is the passage trying to tell us?

A．Once bitten, twice shy.

B．You can never teach an old dog new tricks.

C．Practice makes perfect.

D．Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.

D

Interactive software that “reads” and analyses footprints left by black rhinos (犀牛)can be used to monitor the movements of the animals in the wild, giving conservationists a new way to keep watch on the endangered species and help keep it safe from poachers (偷猎者), according to a Duke University-led study.

The software, called the Footprint Identification Technique (FIT), uses advanced technology to analyze more than 100 measurements of a rhino's footprint. Because each rhino's footprint is as special as a human fingerprint, the analyzed images can be collected electronically in a global database of previously collected footprint images for matching.

“If you find a match, you can identify the individual animal who left the mark and, by plotting the locations of all the other places where marks have been seen, track its movements without disturbing it or coming into close enough contact with it,” said Zoe Jewell, a professor at Duke University's Nicholas School of the Environment, who co-led the study and is co-creator of FIT.

“It's a cost-effective approach that not only protects the health of the rhino and the human, but also brings a centuries-old tracking skill into the 21st Century,” she said. Jewell and her colleagues are now working with Namibia's Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism to train wildlife conservationists, land managers and local guides how to use FIT.

Namibia is home to an estimated 2,000 black rhinos, or about 90% of the species' total population worldwide. Though legally owned by the government, the animals are distributed geographically on private lands across the country.

The FIT software can also do a survey of footprints throughout the protected area and take measurements from each footprint to estimate the number of rhinos in that area. This can be useful information for calculation resource needs to monitor the animals effectively. This creates an interactive library that anti-poaching patrols(反偷猎巡逻)can use to search for animals at the highest risk, including those whose footprints haven’t been showing up in recent years.

31．What is the purpose of the software?

A．To promote the development of technology.

B．To protect black rhinos from being hunted.

C．To analyze the footprints of illegal poachers.

D．To save endangered species across the world.

32．What’s the advantage of the software?

A．It owns various functions. B．It goes to the market.

C．It is perfectly practical. D．It is more than popular.

33．What does Zoe Jewell say about the approach?

A．It brings the best advantage for the lowest cost.

B．It helps increase the population of black rhinos.

C．It raises people's awareness of the environment.

D．It strengthens the tie between humans and nature.

34．Which of the following best describes the future of rhinos?

A．Optimistic. B．Hopeless. C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Gratitude (感激之情) does more than just improve your mood for the moment. It actually changes your mindset and plays a major role in success and overall happiness. ____35____ Enjoy the benefits of feeling thankful with these four gratitude practices every day.

Show your appreciation for others. When you think of gratitude exercises, you have probably already heard of suggestions like keeping a gratitude journal. Yet even more beneficial than counting your blessings is receiving thanks from others. To encourage acts of gratitude, lead by example. ____36____ You create an environment of open gratitude, and you may even receive the same appreciation in return.

____37____ Encourage gratitude. In an interview, research professor Dr. BrenéBrown explained her daily practices to encourage gratitude among her colleagues. She gathers posters and puts a name of a coworker on each board. Then everyone goes around and writes a nice thing about that person under their name. You can create your own group gratitude exercises like this to encourage positivity and appreciation among friends, family, or at work.

Feel inspired by gratitude stories. ____38____ Look for people in your life, or in the media, who have struggled and succeeded thanks to the support of others. Having empathy (同理心) is good for you.

Start your day with a morning gratitude practice. ____39____ So why not start it from a place of gratitude and grace? Each morning, before you get out of bed, take a moment to count your blessings. Try to think of three to five things you feel grateful for today. This may improve your mental health, as well as offer you a positive start to your day!

A．Create group gratitude practices.

B．Learn to treasure the present moment.

C．So, put a little gratitude into your routine!

D．Feed your brain with good news and gratitude stories!

E．Practice gratitude whenever you are in the mood for it.

F．The way you start your morning sets the tone for the rest of the day.

G．Show your appreciation toward others when you genuinely feel that way.

第三部分  书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Ghanim Al-Muftah, 2022 Qatar World Cup Ambassador(大使), was born on May 5, 2002, with a rare condition known as Caudal Regression Syndrome, which causes its patients to be born without the lower half of the body.

Naturally, one would expect him to use a wheelchair, but he insists on moving around on his hands because he believes that he should make use of everything with which he is blessed rather than focus on what he doesn’t have.

While Ghanim was growing up, he found it difficult to attend school initially because his classmates played jokes on him. Nevertheless, his mom encouraged him to speak to these classmates, teach them about his condition, and raise awareness for the community. Ghanim has gone further at accepting his condition.

Ghanim has overcome all kinds of difficulties in his life, yet, there is still one issue Ghanim must continually deal with-many medical treatments and surgery. Despite these routine medical treatments, he knows that with faith, commitment and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions. Ghanim refused to let his condition stop his thirst for life and took on various sports-tackling everything from scuba diving, rock climbing to skateboarding. It is this exemplary take and attitudes towards life that have earned him the love, respect, and admiration of millions of people in Qatar and across the globe.

Currently in university studying political science, Al Muftah hopes to become a diplomat one day. He is also a major social media star, with millions of followers on social media. And he spoke about his future ambitions on the university’s website, saying, “I hope to help raise public awareness on disability rights; foster respect for disabled persons and through the process promote more inclusive and tolerant societies.”

40．Why does Ghanim insist on walking with his hands instead of using a wheelchair?

_________________________________________________________

41．What problem does Ghanim have to handle continually?

_________________________________________________________

42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions through taking on a range of sports and speaking out on social media.

_________________________________________________________

43．While Ghanim has earned respect of people across the globe, how do you earn respect of people around you? (In about 40 words)

_________________________________________________________

第二节（20分）

44．假如你是李华，上周五下午，高三年级各班都进行了学习经验交流的主题班会。请你给你校官网英文专栏写一篇短文，介绍你班的活动情况，要点包括：

1.活动目的;

2.活动概况;

3.收获与感悟。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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